SY 6443-2000 Safety regulations for fracturing and acidizing operations
Some standard content:
ICS 13.100
Registration No.: 6999—2000
Petroleum and Natural Gas Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China SY 6443--2000
Safety Code for Fracturing and Acidizing Operation
The safety code for fracturing and acidizing operation2000-03-31 Issued
State Administration of Petroleum and Chemical Industry
Implementation on 2000-10-01wwW.bzxz.Net
SY 6443—2000
Fracturing and acidizing is an important production-increasing process in the production of oil and natural gas. It is a joint operation of multiple types of work. Problems in any link may lead to accidents. This standard is specially formulated to improve the conditions and environment of fracturing and acidizing operation in onshore oil and natural gas production, protect the safety and health of construction workers, and ensure the safety of the process of fracturing and acidizing operation of oil and natural gas. This standard is proposed by China National Petroleum Corporation. This standard is issued by the Petroleum Industry Safety Professional Standardization Technical Committee. The drafting unit of this standard is: Safety and Environmental Protection Department of Qinghai Shirun Administration. The main drafters of this standard are Ren Zhiji, Yang Zhuoyan, Ma Baining, Du Jianyuan, Zhen Sheng, Zhang Minghui
1 Scope
Petroleum and Natural Gas Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China Safety Regulations for Fracturing and Acidizing Operation
The safety cnde for fracturing and acidizing operationSY 6443-2000
This standard specifies the safety requirements for personnel, equipment, facilities and sites before and after fracturing and acidizing construction and during construction. This standard applies to fracturing and acidizing construction in onshore Shizhou natural gas exploitation. 2 Referenced standards
The provisions contained in the following standards constitute the provisions of this standard through reference in this standard. When this standard is published, the versions shown are valid. All standards will be revised. All parties using this standard should explore the possibility of using the latest version of the following standards. $Y5087:93 Daily safe drilling practices for sour oil and gasSY5225-1994 Fire and explosion safety management regulations for drilling, development, storage and transportation of crude oil and natural gasSY5279.1-1991 Rated working pressure and nominal diameter series of petroleum wellhead equipmentSY/T5323--1992 Well kill manifold and throttle manifoldSY/T5405--1996 Performance test methods and evaluation indicators of corrosion inhibitors for acidizingSY/T 5745-1995 Common vocabulary in oil and gas production engineeringSY/5836-1993 Design and construction methods for medium and deep well fracturingSY6137-1996 Technical regulations for safe production of sour gas wells 3 Definitions
This standard adopts the following definitions.
3.1 Fracturing
The process of using various forces to generate high pressure to form fractures with certain conductivity in the reservoir, which can increase production (injection) [SY/T 5745-1995, 7.11] 3.2 Acidizing
The prepared acid solution is injected into the formation at a pressure higher than the absorption pressure (lower) fracture pressure, and the permeability of the oil and gas layer near the wellbore area is increased by the dissolution effect of the acid [SYT5745-1995, 7.2.241.3,3 Acid fracturing
The carbonate reservoir is fractured by injecting a certain viscosity liquid (acid) by high pressure pump and causing the fractures to expand. The acid solution reacts with the carbonate fracture surface opened by pressure to produce an uneven surface, thereby maintaining the fracture and achieving the purpose of fracturing [SY/T5745-1995, 7.1.2]. 4.1 The construction design principles and contents shall be implemented in accordance with Chapter 8 of SY/T583693. 4.2 The harmful factors of additives, acid and acidification reactants shall be marked. 4.3 There shall be requirements for pressure test of gate and pipeline, wind direction and equipment placement. 4.4 Labor protection and accident prevention measures shall be proposed. 4.5 The maximum pressure of construction work shall not be greater than the rated working force of the lowest pressure-bearing component. Approved by the State Administration of Petroleum and Chemical Industry on March 31, 2000, implemented on October 1, 2000. SY 6443-2000. 4.6 When using a packer, the casing balance pressure shall be lower than the casing internal pressure resistance strength, and the pressure difference of the packer shall be lower than the rated working pressure difference of the packer. 4.7 The rated pressure of the wellhead device or the wellhead device with a protector must be greater than or equal to the maximum pressure of the construction design. 4.8 Fixing measures for parallel port devices should be proposed. 4.9 Acidification and acid fracturing design should select acid corrosion inhibitors according to SY/T5405. 4.10 The construction design of oil, gas and water wells containing hydrogen sulfide shall be implemented in accordance with SY5087-93, 7.9. 5 Safety requirements before construction work
5.1 Safety requirements for construction equipment and facilities 5.1.1 The high-pressure manifold shall be free of cracks, deformation and corrosion, and the wall thickness shall meet the requirements. Flaw detection and thickness measurement shall be carried out in accordance with SY5225-94, 4.5.5.4.
5.1.2 For normal fracturing pump heads, there should be no cracks on the inner surface of the pump head; valves and valve seats should not have grooves, pitting, pitting and deformation defects, if any, they should be replaced in time.
5,1.3 The corresponding fracturing truck outlet pipelines in the surface high-pressure manifold of fracturing acidification should be equipped with a single flow (direction) valve. 5.1.4 The pressure instrument of the fracturing unit should be calibrated once a year to ensure its sensitivity and accuracy. 5.1.5 The emergency flameout device of the fracturing unit engine should be ensured to perform well. 5.1.6 The safety valve of the pump head of the fracturing vehicle should be cleaned and oiled, and the cut-off pressure of the safety pin should not exceed the rated working pressure. 5.1.7 A special person should be assigned to check whether all inlet and outlet valves are flexible and effectively controlled, and open or close according to the work process. 5.1.8 The wellhead device should be tested for overall pressure in accordance with SY5279.1, and can only be used after passing the test. 5.1.9 The requirements for construction equipment of oil, gas and water wells containing hydrogen sulfide shall be implemented in accordance with Chapter 3 of SY6137-1996. 5.2 Safety requirements for construction sites
5.2.1 The construction site should be solid, flat, free of water accumulation, and convenient for vehicles to enter and exit. 5.2.2 During the construction of gas wells or oil wells with special requirements, the exhaust pipes of the fracturing unit engine and other vehicles and equipment entering the construction site should be equipped with flame arresters.
5.2.3 Construction operations should have safety lighting measures. The placement of operating vehicles and liquid tanks should maintain a safe distance from various power lines. 5.2.4 Operating vehicles and liquid tanks should be placed in the upwind direction of the wellhead, and various vehicles and equipment should be placed reasonably and neatly, keeping a safe distance to facilitate evacuation. Other vehicles should be parked 20m away from the wellhead in the upwind direction. 5.2.5 The wellhead device should be fixed with steel wire ropes, ground anchors and other measures according to design requirements. 5.2.6 The elbow connecting the wellhead should use a movable elbow. 5.2.7 The wellhead effect spray line is connected with a hard pipeline, and the sections are fixed firmly with ground anchors. The distance between the two fixed points is not more than 10m. The angle of the elbow at the end of the pipeline should be not less than 120)°, and there should be no deformation. 5.2.8 The gas well blower line should be separated from the wellhead gas flow line and avoid the vehicle equipment placement and passing area. 5.2.9 The natural gas outlet ignition position should be in the downwind direction, 50m away from the wellhead. 5.2.10 The sewage pool should be located in the downwind direction, 20m away from the wellhead. 5.2.11 The oil-based fracturing fluid should be placed 50m away from the wellhead. The tank and the sand mixer should be kept at a distance of more than 5m, and the tank should be separated from the equipment by a protective embankment with a height of not less than 0.5m. 5.2.12
Obvious safety signs should be set up at the construction site, and fireworks and non-staff members are strictly prohibited from entering. 5.2.13 In addition to the conventional fire-fighting equipment for high-pressure oil and gas wells, more than two fire trucks should be equipped on site. 5.3 Safety requirements for construction workers
5.3.1 The person in charge of the construction site should hold a safety meeting for all construction workers to conduct safety education. 5.3.2 Construction workers should wear appropriate labor safety protection equipment when entering the construction site. 5.3.3 During fracturing operations, all operators should stick to their positions and concentrate. No personnel are allowed to come and go in the high-pressure operation area. Non-construction personnel should stay away from the construction site.
—2—
SY 6443---20H0
5.3.4 Construction operations should have emergency plans for abnormal situations that may occur and rescue and evacuation measures for personnel. The responsibilities of the on-site construction manager, firefighters, and rescue personnel should be clearly defined. 5.3.5 Construction operations involving oil, gas, and water containing hydrogen sulfide shall be carried out in accordance with Chapter 6 of SY6137-1996. 6 Safety requirements in construction operations
6.1 Construction shall be carried out strictly in accordance with the design procedures, and the procedures shall not be changed without the permission of the on-site construction manager. 6.2 Conduct a cycle test run to check whether the pipeline is unobstructed and whether the instrument is normal: 6.3. Test the pressure of the manifold, movable joints and other parts according to 5.4.2 of SY/T5323-92. 6.4
The low-pressure manifold should be connected reliably without puncture or leakage. The pump should be operated smoothly, one by one, and the displacement should gradually reach the design requirements. 6.5
The relevant personnel on site should wear cordless headphones and transmitters to transmit information in time. 6.61
The operator should pay close attention to the operation of the equipment, report any problems to the on-site construction manager in time, and obey the command. 6.8
If the pump does not pump water, measures should be taken. If the measures are ineffective, the pump should be stopped immediately. 6.9
If punctures occur in the high-pressure manifold, pipeline, wellhead device and other parts, they should be handled after stopping the pump, shutting down the well and releasing the pressure, and pressure should not be operated. If punctures occur in the low-pressure pipeline of the sand mixer and liquid tank supply, measures should be taken and safety protection should be taken. 6.10
If sand plugging occurs, the mixed sand liquid should be replaced by reverse circulation, and the strength of the casing's internal pressure resistance should not be exceeded. 6.11
Acidification and acid pressure construction should be carried out in a closed manner. After acid injection, the high and low pressure manifolds and the residual liquid in the pump should be injected into the well with replacement fluid. 6.13 Personnel who measure the liquid level should have safety protection measures when going to the tank mouth, and other personnel should not go to the tank! ".7 Safety requirements after construction work
71. Install the oil nozzle according to the design requirements, observe the pressure of the oil pipe and casing, and control the release of the spray. 7.2 When checking the spraying force and the spraying object, the construction personnel should be located upwind. When the ventilation conditions are poor or there is no wind, a higher position should be selected.
7.3 After the operation, the inner cavity of the pump head should be cleaned with clean water to prevent corrosion by acid, alkali, salt and other residues. 7.4 It is prohibited to discharge or release construction liquids indiscriminately. The acid returned from the wellhead should be placed in a pre-prepared pool. 3
Tip: This standard content only shows part of the intercepted content of the complete standard. If you need the complete standard, please go to the top to download the complete standard document for free.