Some standard content:
GB17761--1999
This standard applies to special bicycles that use batteries as auxiliary energy, have two wheels, and can realize human riding, electric or electric assisted functions. The technical content of this standard includes the main technical performance requirements of the whole vehicle, the safety requirements of the whole vehicle, the assembly requirements of the whole vehicle, the appearance requirements of the whole vehicle, the road driving requirements of the whole vehicle and the requirements of the instructions. 5.1.1 Maximum speed, 5.2.1 Braking performance, and 5.2.2 Strength of the frame/front fork assembly in the technical requirements of this standard are mandatory clauses; the remaining technical requirements are recommended clauses. From the date of implementation of this standard, the original light industry standard QB2302--1997 "General Technical Conditions for Safety of Electric Bicycles" issued by the China Light Industry General Association will be invalidated.
Appendix A of this standard is the appendix of the standard. This standard is proposed by the State Bureau of Light Industry.
This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Bicycle Standardization Technical Committee. The drafting unit of this standard: Shanghai Bicycle Group Research Institute. The main drafters of this standard are Ruan Zhicheng and Jiang Xiaoyun. 137
1 Scope
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
General technical requirements for electric bicycles
Electric bicycles --General technical requirementsGB 17761—1999
This standard specifies the definition, product classification, technical requirements, test methods and inspection rules of electric bicycles. This standard applies to electric bicycles.
2 Cited standards
The provisions contained in the following standards constitute the provisions of this standard through reference in this standard. When this standard is published, the versions shown are valid. All standards will be revised, and parties using this standard should explore the possibility of using the latest versions of the following standards. GB3565—1993 Safety requirements for bicycles
GB/T3566—1993 Assembly requirements for bicycles GB/T12742--1991 Technical conditions for bicycle testing equipment and appliances QB/T1217—1991
Technical conditions for bicycle electroplating
QB/T 1218—1991
Technical conditions for bicycle paint
Method for compiling bicycle naming and models
QB 1714—1993
QB 1880---1993
Bicycle frames
QB/T 2184—1995
Technical conditions for anodizing of bicycle aluminum alloy parts Bicycle reflectors
QB 2191--1995
3 Definitions
This standard adopts the following definitions.
Electric bicycleelectric bicycle
A special bicycle with a battery as auxiliary energy source, two wheels, and the ability to realize human riding, electric or electric assisted functions. 4 Product classification
4.1 Classification principles and codes
Electric bicycles are divided into the following categories according to the transmission method between the motor and the driving wheel: shaft transmission, code Z;
chain transmission, code L;
belt transmission, code P;
friction transmission, code M;
other transmission, code Q.
4.2 Model compilation method
The model compilation method of electric bicycles shall be in accordance with the provisions of Chapter 5 of QB1714-1993, and shall be prefixed with TD. The types, wheel diameters and codes of electric bicycles are shown in Table 1. Approved by the State Administration of Quality and Technical Supervision on May 28, 1999 138
Implemented on October 1, 1999
Wheel diameter series
Model representation of electric bicycles:
GB 17761--1999
Electric bicycles with a wheel diameter of 560mm, a female frame, shaft drive, and a factory design sequence number of 15, should have the model: TDL15Z
Shaft drive
Factory design sequence number
Female frame, wheel diameter of 560mm
Electric bicycles
4.3 Main technical parameters and performance
The main technical parameters and performance indicators of electric bicycles are set in Appendix A (Appendix to the standard). Except for the items already specified in this standard, the remaining items shall be selected by the manufacturer. 5 Technical requirements
5.1 Main technical performance requirements of the whole vehicle
5.1.1 Maximum speed
The maximum speed of an electric bicycle shall not exceed 20km/h. 5.1.2 Vehicle mass (weight)
The vehicle mass (weight) of an electric bicycle shall not exceed 40kg. 5.1.3 Pedaling ability
Electric bicycles must have good pedaling function, and the pedaling distance in 30 minutes shall not be less than 7km. 5.1.4 Continuous mileage
The continuous mileage of an electric bicycle after a single charge shall not be less than 25km. 5.1.5 Maximum riding noise
When an electric bicycle is riding at the maximum speed (electrically assisted riding at a speed of 15km/h to 18km/h), the noise shall not exceed 62dB (A).
5.1.6 Electricity consumption per 100 km
When riding an electric bicycle with electric power (riding with electric assistance for electric assistance), the energy consumption for 100 km should not exceed 1.2kW·h. 5.1.7 Motor power
The rated continuous output power of the motor of an electric bicycle should not exceed 240W. 5.2 Vehicle safety requirements
5.2.1 Braking performance
When riding an electric bicycle with electric power at the maximum speed (riding with electric assistance at a speed of 20km/h for electric assistance), the dry braking distance should not exceed 4m, and the wet braking distance should not exceed 15m. 5.2.2 Strength of frame/front fork assembly
5.2.2.1 Impact strength of frame/front fork assembly139
GB 17761-1999
a) Drop of heavy objects: in accordance with 7.1 of GB3565-1993; b) Drop of assembly: in accordance with 7.2 of GB3565-1993. 5.2.2.2 Vibration strength of frame/front fork assembly: in accordance with 5.4.2 of QB1880-1993 for male and female frames. 5.2.3 Handlebar
5.2.3.1 Safety line of handlebar
In accordance with 6.2 of GB3565-1993.
5.2.3.2 Torque of handlebar
In accordance with 6.5 of GB3565-1993.
5.2.3.3 Static load of stem
According to the provisions of 6.5 of GB3565-1993.
5.2.3.4 Torque of handlebar and stem
According to the provisions of 6.5 of GB3565-1993.
5.2.3.5 Torque of stem and front fork stem
According to the provisions of 6.5 of GB3565-1993.
5.2.4 Wheel
5.2.4.1 Static load of wheel
According to the provisions of 9.3 of GB3565-1993.
5.2.4.2 Clamping force of wheel
According to the provisions of 9.4 of GB3565-1993.
5.2.4.3 Tire width
The tire width of the electric bicycle wheel should not be greater than 54mm. 5.2.5 Foot gap
a) Ground distance: in accordance with the provisions of 11.2 and 1 of GB3565-1993; b) Toe gap: in accordance with the provisions of 11.2.2 of GB3565-1993. 5.2.6 Saddle
5.2.6.1 Saddle safety line
In accordance with the provisions of 12.2 of GB3565-1993.
5.2.6.2 Saddle adjustment clamping strength
In accordance with the provisions of 12.3 of GB3565-1993. 5.2.7 Reflector and horn device
Electric bicycles should be equipped with headlights or front reflectors, rear reflectors, side reflectors and foot reflectors, and should also be equipped with horn devices. The optical requirements of the reflector shall comply with the provisions of 5.3 of QB2191-1995. 5.2.8 Electrical components
5.2.8.1 Electrical devices
The electrical system of the electric bicycle should be installed in place with correct polarity; the wiring device of the system should comply with the requirements of 15.1.2 of GB3565-1993, and the electrical wiring should be adapted to the current to ensure safety and reliability during electric riding. 5.2.8.2 Insulation performance
Electric bicycles should take rainproof measures for their electrical systems. All wiring of the system should not be exposed. The body of the electric bicycle and the casing of the electrical components should not be charged, and the insulation resistance value should not be less than 2M2. 5.2.8.3 Battery sealing
The battery of an electric bicycle should have good sealing. Under normal installation conditions, there should be no leakage during charging and discharging. 5.2.8.4 Nominal voltage of the batterywww.bzxz.net
The nominal voltage of the battery should not be greater than 48V. 5.2.8.5 Braking power-off device
GB 17761—1999
Electric bicycles should be equipped with a braking power-off device, which should be able to automatically cut off the power supply when braking. 5.2.8.6 Undervoltage and overcurrent protection functions
The controller of an electric bicycle should have undervoltage and overcurrent protection functions and short-circuit insurance devices. The speed regulation should be stable and reliable during electric riding. 5.3 Assembly requirements for the whole vehicle
5.3.1 General requirements
a) Electric bicycles should be assembled according to the requirements of their models, and no wrong assembly or missing assembly is allowed; b) All fasteners of electric bicycles should be tightened in place, and all rotating parts should operate flexibly; c) All symmetrical parts should be symmetrical to the left and right of the center plane of the frame, and no obvious deviation is allowed; d) The speed change device and the brake system should be assembled correctly and be flexible to operate; e) The fixed parts of the electric bicycle are not allowed to collide with the moving parts. 5.3.2 The radial and end face runout of the rim
shall be in accordance with the provisions of 13.1 of GB/T3566-1993. 5.3.3 The relative deviation of the clearance between the front and rear rims and the front fork, the horizontal and vertical forks of the frame shall be in accordance with the provisions of 15.1 of GB/T3566-1993. 5.3.4 The relative deviation of the center plane of the front and rear wheels
shall be in accordance with the provisions of 15.2 of GB/T3566-1993. 5.4 Requirements for the appearance of the whole vehicle
a) The surface of all exposed parts and components of the electric bicycle should be clean, free of stains and rust, and the trademarks and decals should be complete, clear and correctly positioned; b) All electroplated exposed parts should comply with the provisions of 5.1.1 chrome-plated Class I parts and galvanized Class I parts in QB/T1217-1991; c) All painted exposed parts should comply with the provisions of 3.1.1 painted Class I parts in QB/T1218--1991; d) All aluminum alloy exposed parts should comply with the provisions of 4.1 appearance Class I parts in QB/T2184-1995; e) The surface of all plastic parts of the electric bicycle should be uniform in color, without obvious flash, scratches, cracks and dents. 5.5 Requirements for road driving of the whole vehicle
Electric bicycles must undergo a 100km road riding test. During the test, no parts of the whole vehicle should break and no parts of the electrical control system should be damaged or fail. After the test, the electric riding function should not be lost. 5.6 Requirements for the manual
Each electric bicycle must be accompanied by a manual, which should include the following: a) Do not use the electric bicycle before reading the manual carefully and understanding the performance of the electric bicycle; do not lend it to people who cannot operate the electric bicycle for riding;
b) The fasteners of the handlebar, stem, saddle, saddle and wheel should have the recommended tightening torque; the safety line of the stem and saddle should be noted; c) Lubrication - lubrication parts, lubrication cycle and recommended lubricating oil; d) Correct chain tension and adjustment method; e) Brake adjustment and suggestions for replacement of brakes, pay attention to the increase of braking distance when riding in rainy and snowy weather; f) Correct use and maintenance methods of motors, controllers and batteries; g) Correct and safe use of chargers; h) Technical parameters and performance indicators in Appendix A (Appendix to the standard) of this standard. Whether other matters need to be included shall be determined by the manufacturer. 6 Test methods
The testing equipment and instruments used in this chapter shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB/T12742. The accuracy level of the instrument used for testing electrical devices shall not be lower than 0.5: the accuracy of the dynamometer shall not be lower than 1%; the ripple factor of the DC power supply shall not be greater than 5%; the accuracy of the sound level meter shall be ±1dB.
6.1 Main technical performance test of the whole vehicle
GB 17761-1999
6.1.1 Maximum speed test (electrically assisted vehicles are not subject to this test) 6.1.1.1 Test conditions
a) Rider mass (weight): 75kg, those with less than 75kg shall be weighted to 75kg; b) Test environment: temperature is -5℃～30℃; wind speed is not greater than 3m/s; snowy weather should be avoided during the test; c) Test road surface: flat asphalt or concrete road surface. 6.1.1.2 Test steps
a) Set up a 100m test section on the test track, with sufficiently long auxiliary riding areas at both ends; b) Before the electric bicycle is driven to the test section, it should complete the entire acceleration process, reach its maximum speed, and pass the test section at this speed:
c) Use a stopwatch to measure the time it takes for the electric bicycle to pass through the test section; d) Calculate the maximum speed according to formula (1):
V = 720/t
Where: V—maximum speed, km/h;
1—time to pass through the test section, s. e) This test should be carried out twice in a row, and the average of the test results should be taken. 6.1.2 Determination of vehicle mass (weight)
Put the vehicle (including the battery) on a scale and weigh its mass (weight). 6.1.3 Pedaling ability test
6.1.3.1 Test conditions
For the test conditions of pedaling ability, refer to 6.1.1.1. 6.1.3.2 Test steps
On the test road, set up a test section, ride a total of 7 km by human power, and record the time with a stopwatch. 6.1.4 Continuous mileage test
6.1.4.1 Test conditions
For the test conditions of continuous mileage, refer to 6.1.1.1. When there is a dispute over the test results, an arbitration test can be conducted under the condition of an ambient temperature of (25±5)℃.
6.1.4.2 Test steps
Fully charge the battery according to the manufacturer's instructions, ride the vehicle at the highest speed (or ride the vehicle with electric assistance if it is powered on) until the undervoltage protection device responds, and record the mileage. 6.1.5 Maximum riding noise test
6.1.5.1 Test conditions
The test conditions for maximum riding noise are shown in 6.1.1.1. In addition, the following requirements shall be met: The test site shall be open and there shall be no large reflectors within a radius of about 50m from the test center. The background noise in the test area shall not exceed 55 dB(A).
6.1.5.2 Test steps
a) Layout of the test site (as shown in Figure 1);142
Test area
Sound level meter
GB 17761—1999
Figure 1 Layout of noise test site
Sound level meter
b) The sound level meter adopts A” weighting network and fast gear for measurement, and the sound level meter is placed at a height of 1.2m from the ground; c) The electric bicycle should be ridden at the highest speed (electrically assisted riding at a speed of 15km/h~18km/h) through the test area, read the maximum reading of the sound level meter, and calculate the average reading of the sound level meter on the left and right sides; d) The same method is used to calculate the average reading of the sound level meter on both sides of the return. The two average values of the round trip are taken. The larger one shall be taken as the maximum riding noise of the electric bicycle. 6.1.6 100km power consumption test
a) After completing the mileage test in 6.1.4, fully charge the battery according to the manufacturer's instructions and record the power consumption reading on the power meter on the power grid;
b) Calculate the power consumption per 100km according to formula (2):
100×power meter reading
100km power consumption1
mileage
6.1.7 Motor power test
a) The power of the motor shall be tested on a dynamometer; b) Connect the motor to the The rated DC voltage is applied to the rated torque, and the rated continuous power is read on the dynamometer. 6.2 Vehicle safety requirements test
6.2.1 Braking performance test
The test shall be conducted in accordance with the method specified in Chapter 22 of GB3565-1993. 6.2.2 Frame/front fork assembly strength test 6.2.2.1 Frame/front fork assembly impact strength test shall be conducted in accordance with the provisions of 25.1 and 25.2 of GB3565-1993. 6.2.2.2 Frame/front fork assembly vibration strength test a) According to the provisions of 6 in QB1880-1993 .4.2; (2)
b) For electric bicycles with motors and batteries installed on the frame, the test should include these two components. If the normal test is affected, weights can be added to the corresponding parts.
6.2.3 Handlebar test
6.2.3.1 Handlebar safety line test
Visual inspection and measurement with a ruler.
6.2.3.2 Handlebar torque test
The test should be carried out in accordance with the provisions of 24.1.1 of GB3565-1993. 143
6.2.3.3 Static load test of handlebar stem
GB 17761--1999
The test shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of 24.1.2 of GB3565-1993. 6.2.3.4 The torque test of handlebar cross tube and handlebar stem shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of 24.2 of GB3565-1993. 6.2.3.5 The torque test of handlebar stem and front fork stem shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of 24.3 of GB3565--1993. 6.2.4 Wheel test
6.2.4.1 Static load test of wheel
The test shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of Chapter 26 of GB3565--1993. 6.2.4.2 Wheel clamping force test
The test shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of 9.4 of GB3565-1993. 6.2.4.3 Tire width measurement
Measure with a special caliper.
6.2.5 Footstep clearance measurement
Measure in accordance with 11.2 of GB3565--1993. 6.2.6 Saddle test
6.2.6.1 Saddle pipe safety line measurement
Visual inspection and measurement with a ruler.
6.2.6.2 Saddle adjustment clamping strength test
Test in accordance with Chapter 28 of GB3565--1993. 6.2.7 Reflector and horn detection
Visual inspection. Reflectors shall be optically tested in accordance with 6.1 of QB2191-1995. 6.2.8 Electrical component test
6.2.8.1 Electrical system inspection
Visually inspect whether the electrical system is installed in place, whether the wiring polarity is correct, and whether the wires are installed in contact with moving parts or sharp edges; and use a hand dynamometer to test the firmness of the line connection. 6.2.8.2 Insulation performance measurement
The insulation performance is tested with a 250V megohmmeter. The test parts are the frame, handlebars, battery, and motor housing. 6.2.8.3 Battery sealing inspection
Visual inspection.
6.2.8.4 Battery nominal voltage measurement
After the battery is fully charged, let it stand for 2 hours, and use a DC voltmeter to measure its nominal voltage. The measured value is allowed to be increased by 15% compared with the value specified in 5.2.8.4.
6.2.8.5 Brake power-off device test (this test is not performed on electric-assisted vehicles) Connect a DC ammeter in series to the battery and motor circuits, connect the power circuit, drive the motor, and then pull the brake to observe whether the ammeter cuts off the current.
6.2.8.6 Undervoltage and overcurrent protection function test a) According to the manufacturer's instructions, connect the motor to its rated voltage, then gradually reduce the voltage to the undervoltage state indicated in the instructions, and observe whether its undervoltage protection device operates; b) Connect a DC ammeter in series to the battery and motor circuits, connect the circuit, and when the current increases to the overcurrent state indicated in the instructions, observe whether the ammeter cuts off the current or limits the current.
6.3 Vehicle assembly requirements inspection
6.3.1 General requirements inspection
Inspect by hand and visual inspection.
6.3.2 Measurement of radial and end face runout of rim GB 17761--- 1999
Measurement shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of Chapter 23 of GB/T3566--1993. 6.3.3 Measurement of relative deviation of clearance between front and rear rims and front forks, and between the horizontal and vertical forks of the frame shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of Chapter 26 of GB/T3566-1993. 6.3.4 Measurement of relative deviation of center plane of front and rear wheels shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of Chapter 27 of GB/T3566-1993. 6.4 Inspection of vehicle appearance requirements
Inspection shall be carried out by hand and visual inspection.
6.5 Road driving test of the whole vehicle
6.5.1 Test conditions
a) Test road: flat asphalt road, concrete road, gravel road b) Rider mass (weight): 75kg, if less than 75kg, add counterweight to 75kg. 6.5.2 Test steps
a) Before the test, the electric bicycle to be tested should be inspected and adjusted to keep all parts in good working condition. During the adjustment process, it is allowed to check and drive for no more than 3km to ensure proper adjustment; b) During the test, the vehicle should be driven at a higher speed as much as possible while ensuring driving safety. The minimum speed should not be less than 15km/h, and sliding is not allowed during electric riding;
c) In the 100km road mileage, 10km of pedal riding should be carried out. 6.6 Requirements for inspection of the manual
Check the manufacturer's manual.
7 Inspection rules
7.1 The inspection of electric bicycles is divided into factory inspection and type inspection (including periodic inspection and identification inspection). 7.2 Electric bicycles must be inspected and qualified by the quality inspection department of the manufacturer and accompanied by an inspection certificate before they can leave the factory. 7.3 Inspection cycle and samples
7.3.1 Factory inspection
Inspect each vehicle in batches.
7.3.2 Periodic inspection
a) For those with an annual output of more than 10,000 vehicles, random inspection shall be carried out once every quarter; b) For those with an annual output of less than 10,000 vehicles, random inspection shall be carried out once every six months; c) Sample quantity: four complete vehicles.
7.3.3 Identification inspection
Identification inspection shall only be carried out when new products are identified. Sample quantity: four complete vehicles. 7.4 Inspection items and quantity
7.4.1 The items for factory inspection, periodic inspection and appraisal inspection are shown in Table 2.145
Item classification
Rejected items
Important items
General items
Maximum vehicle speed
Braking performance
Inspection items
Strength of frame/fork assembly
Vehicle weight
Pedaling ability
Cruise range
Maximum riding noise
Motor power
Handlebar torque
Standbar static load
Handlebar torque of crossbar and stem
Standbar and fork stem torque
Wheel static load
Wheel clamping force
Foot clearance
Saddle adjustment clamping strength
Insulation performance
Battery nominal voltage
Brake power-off device
Undervoltage, overcurrent protection function
Road driving requirements for the whole vehicle
Power consumption per 100 kilometers
Standard stem safety line
Tire width
Saddle stem safety line
Reflector and horn device
Electrical device
Battery sealing
General requirements
Rim radial and end face circular runout
GB 17761-1999
Clause of this standard
Technical requirements
|Test methods
6. 2. 4.1
5. 2.4. 2 6. 2. 4. 2
1 5.2.8.6
Relative deviation of the clearance between the front and rear rims and the front fork, the horizontal and vertical forks of the frame
Relative deviation of the center planes of the front and rear wheels
Appearance requirements of the whole vehicle
Requirements in the manual
Factory inspection
Note: √ indicates items that must be inspected; √ indicates items that are to be inspected as needed; X indicates items that do not need to be inspected+
Periodic inspection
Identification inspection
7.4.2 Factory inspection items are inspected vehicle by vehicle. One sample is used to test the impact strength, vibration strength, motor power, and wheel static load of the frame/front fork in the periodic inspection and identification inspection, and two samples are used to test the remaining items. 7.5 Evaluation method
7.5.1 Item classification
GB 17761—1999
This inspection rule divides all items into three categories: rejected items, important items, and general items. The specific division is shown in Table 27.5.2 Factory inspection
According to the factory inspection items in Table 2, all products leaving the factory must meet the technical requirements of the inspection items or the contractual provisions between the supply and demand parties. 7.5.3 Type inspection
7.5.3.1 Item qualification judgment conditions: The item is judged as qualified only when all the samples tested are qualified. 7.5.3.2 The results of the type inspection meet the following items, then it is judged as qualified. a) All rejected items shall meet the requirements of this standard; b) More than 15 (including 15) important items shall meet the requirements of this standard; c) More than 9 (including 9) general items shall meet the requirements of this standard. 7.5.3.3 Re-inspection conditions
If a product is judged as unqualified according to Article 7.5.3.2, it is allowed to double-sample once if it meets the following conditions. a) All rejected items shall meet the requirements of this standard; b) Less than 5 (including 5) important items fail to meet the requirements of this standard; c) Less than 8 (including 8) important items and general items fail to meet the requirements of this standard. The evaluation method for re-inspected products is shown in 7.5.3.2. 147
Main technical parameters of the whole vehicle
GB 17761—1999
Appendix A
(Appendix to the standard)
Main technical parameters and performance indicators of electric bicyclesA1.1 Overall dimensions: length × width × height
A1.2 Center distance between front and rear wheels
A1.3 Vehicle mass (weight)
A1.4 Load mass (weight)
A1.5 Maximum speed
A1.6 Continuous driving range
Main technical parameters of batteries
A2.1 Battery Battery type
A2.2 Capacity
A2.3 Nominal voltage
A3 Main technical parameters of motor
A3.1 Motor type
A3.2 Rated continuous output power
A3.3 Rated speed
A3.4 Rated voltage
A3.5 Rated output torque
Main technical parameters of controller and chargerA4
A4.1 Undervoltage protection value
A4.2 Overcurrent protection value
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