Replaced by JB/T 6052-2005 JB/T 6052-1992 General technical requirements for heating of steel free forgings JB/T6052-1992 Standard download and decompression password: www.bzxz.net

Machinery Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
General Technical Conditions for Heating Steel Free Forgings 1 Subject Content and Scope of Application
This standard specifies the general heating technical requirements for steel free forgings. This standard is applicable to the pre-forging heating of cold and hot steel ingots (bad) of carbon steel and alloy structural steel. This standard does not apply to the pre-forging heating of new steel types other than those specified in this standard. Heating temperature range of commonly used steel grades
2
Commonly used steel grades are divided into three groups according to their carbon content and alloying element content. The heating temperature range is shown in Table 1. Table 1 Heating temperature groups for initial forging, final forging and precision forging of steel grades
generation
table
steel
number
15- ~45,15Mn35Mn,15Cr-~35Cr
JB/T 6052
92
Allow intensity
Initial forging and final forging precision forging
1250|| tt||50,55.40Mn50Mn,35Mn2-50Mn2+40Cr～55Cr.20SiMn～35SiMn.12CrMo～~50CrMo34CrMe1A,30CrMnSi.35CrMnSi.20CrMnTi.20MnMo12CrMoV.35CrMoV.20MnMoNb,14MnMoV42 MnMoV,38CrMnAlA,38CrMnMo34CrNi1Mo~34CrNi3Mo,PCrNi1Mo~PCrNi3Mo,40CrNiMo .37SiMn2MoV,18CrNiw20Cr2Ni4A.3(Cr2MoV,50Si2~~60Si2.5CrNiM.5CrMnM0.5CrNiW,50CrMnMo60CrMnMo,50CrNiMo,9Cr,9Cr2,9Cr2Mo,9Cr2V.60CrMnV,70Cr3Mo,GCr15GCr15SiMn,T7 ,T8,W18Cr4V,3Cr2W8V,9CrSi,CrWMn, 1CrW2Si~6CrW2Si86Cr2MoV,12Cr2Mo,Cr5MoCr17Ni2,50Mm18Cr4,50Mn18Cr4N.50Mn18Cr4WN30Cr IMo1V.25Cr2Ni4MoV.22Cr2Ni4MoV.25C+NiMoV~25CrNi3MoV.286rNi3Mov1Cr13 -- 4Cr13, Technical requirements for furnace installation of 1Cr18Ni9Ti, 22Cr12M01V3
750
122080
20www.bzxz.net
800
700
750
750
3.1 Before loading the steel ingot (bad) into the furnace, the smelting furnace number should be corrected , steel number, steel ingot (bad) weight, size, and check its surface quality.
3.2 Record the furnace loading location and make actual operation records. The location of the steel ingot (bad) should be loaded into the furnace. Determine the distance from the furnace's fire wall, front and rear walls, burners, etc. based on the furnace type, furnace bottom size, furnace loading method, and the size and weight of the heated steel ingot (bad). It is strictly forbidden to direct the flame to the heated metal surface (bad). ) The pad iron should be used when heating. The height of the pad iron should not be lower than the height of the lower burner of the furnace. Steel with a diameter or side length smaller than [50 mml does not need to be used when heating.
3.4 ??There are three charging methods for heating steel ingots (bad): The first charging method is called "single row sequential loading method", as shown in Figure 1. The Ministry of Mechanical and Electronic Industry of the People's Republic of China approved the implementation on 1993-07-01 on 1992-05-01
hs
92
B/T 6052
II charging method , called "single-layer parallel method" as shown in Figure 1, 1. The spacing between materials should not be less than 1/4 to 1/2 of the diameter α of the inscribed circle of the steel ingot or 1/4 to 1/3 of the length (diameter) d of the bad side of the steel ingot. The second charging method is called "Yu loading method", as shown in Figure 1 II. Steel ingots (bad) are stacked on the hearth in two or more layers, and the distance between the materials is not limited.
Steel bad (1/41/2)d
Steel ingot (1/4-~1/3)
Heated metal
Horn iron||tt| |Hearth
Figure 1
3.5 Steel ingots with a surface temperature lower than 400℃ are called cold steel ingots, 400~550C are called semi-hot steel ingots, and those above 550℃ are called cold steel ingots. Hot steel ingot. When hot and cold steel ingots (bad) are installed in the same furnace, the distance between the materials must be greater than the diameter or side length of one steel ingot (bad). Mixing of hot and cold steel ingots (bad) should be avoided as much as possible - the furnace.
3.6 It is strictly prohibited to install cold steel ingots (bad) next to heated hot steel ingots (bad). 3.7 It is strictly prohibited to directly put steel ingots (bad) with the actual temperature of the ingot body below 0℃ into the furnace for heating. 3.8 When the hot steel ingots that have passed the inspection are transported to the forging production workshop, direct cold wind blowing should be avoided, and the furnace should be installed in a timely manner without delaying the furnace installation time. 4 Technical requirements for furnace temperature control and metal heating 4.1 The holding time of the steel ingot (bad) at the forging temperature is calculated from when its surface reaches the initial forging temperature. At the end of the heat preservation, the metal surface temperature should be consistent with the furnace temperature.
4.2 Steel ingot (bad) must be carefully operated during the heating process, and the furnace charging temperature, heating or cooling rate must be strictly controlled. Furnace gas should be maintained at slightly positive pressure. The oxide scale on the hearth should be cleaned regularly.
4.3 Semi-hot steel ingots should be installed in a furnace at 650~750°C and kept warm for the time specified in Table 2, and then heated according to the hot steel ingot heating specifications. Table 2
Steel chain weight, t
Holding time, h
10
2
>10~~20
3| |tt||>20~40
3.5
40~70
4
>70~120
5
≥120
6
4.4 The heating of hot steel ingots can be carried out according to the heating specifications in Table A1 in Appendix A (Reference Parts). When the hot steel ingot is loaded into a furnace that is lower than the charging temperature specified in Table A1, it can be immediately heated to the charging temperature, and then heated according to the specifications in Table A1. The heating time is calculated from when the furnace temperature rises to the specified furnace charging temperature.
4.5 The heating of cold steel ingots can be carried out according to the specifications in Table A2 in Appendix A. When the cold steel ingot is loaded into the furnace where the actual furnace temperature is lower than the charging overflow specified in Table A2, the temperature is directly raised to the specified charging temperature at a speed that does not exceed the preheating temperature rise limit. 4.6 Heating of steel cracks can be carried out according to the specifications in Table A3 in Appendix A. 4.7 If the steel ingot or steel rod cannot be released from the furnace for forging after heating and insulation according to Table 3 and Table 4 for some reason, the furnace temperature should be lowered to 1000~1050℃ for insulation within 6 hours, or the furnace temperature should be lowered to 650-~750℃ ℃ for insulation. For steel ingots that have been cooled and reheated to the forging temperature, the holding time can be reduced by half. If there is no need to reheat the steel ingot for any reason after being kept warm in the furnace at 650~750℃ for a long time, the steel ingot must be cooled to below 250C with the furnace at a cooling rate of less than -50C/h before it can be released from the furnace.
290
Ingot weight
t
1.4
>1.4～3
>3～~5
>5~8
>8～13
>13~～20
>20～~ 30
>30～40
≥40-- 50
>50～65
>65~80
>80~95||tt ||>95～120
>120~140
>140～170
>170～200
>200~～230
钢坏运动或逆长
mm
60
>60～100
≥100~150
>150～250
>250 ～350
>350～450
450～600
≥600~800
>800~1000
>1,000~-1,200| |tt||忽身合合合分
mm
410
>410~630
>630~700
>700～800||tt ||>800~950
>950-1150
>1 150-~1 230
>1 230~1 310
≥1310～1 400|| tt||>1 400～1 ??500
>1 500～1 700
≥1 700～1 780
>1 780~1 875
>1 875 ～1 950
>1 950～2 100
>2 100~2 400
>2 400
T
2
3
4
5
6
7
9
10
14
18| |tt||JB/T 6052—92
表3
不同装料方法的气气时间.小
1
5
7| |tt||8
11
13
14
15
17
18
18||tt ||19
19
20
20
21
21
表4
I||tt| |8
10
12
14
16
18
18
20
20
21
22
24
24
25
26
26
不同装料方下载时间时间，h
2
4
6
8
9
10
12| |tt||14
18
20
16
18
22
24
26||tt ||26
28
28
30
30
35
35
40
40
12
42
[（
12
14
16
2
24
28
4.8 After the steel plate is heated, only carry out the pressure clamp, 倒面或切在发时时，其部造造时间下载时间时间可比电影实方值通带克，通通了镦粉结果者，其水气时间应可以20%30%4.9其件半成品（钢坏的土限的土限的部亶半成品（钢坏）的土通的土限，其全合的的其合的的其合的部造造比值来来来、见表291
tt ||三1.1或无身比
>1.1~1. 5.水水
JB/T 6052
表5
92
备
注
圀在芯棒上拔长或把环的筒（环》经可件的坏料，heating temperature合将始度气水是20~30C
4.10 .1 实心圆米坏时的可以可以可以可以可以可板心口可的时间的可之，反之线圆米坏机的可以可以可以的可之，反之线圆米坏机的可以可以可以可可机口口口的时间的1.3 ～~2倍来 determine the heating time，4.10.3 空心盘（环）类天心坏的发坏的发均的发通了方或equals the plate(环) height size when，按心古包装 determine the heating time。 4.11 end the forging temperature higher than 950C的混装炉混合物时造的混装炉时间的混装炉时造specification according to steel grain or 坏料 cross-sectional size determination.4.12.1 different steel grain 混装炉 time, heating technology specification 按化动大坏料安全，设计在冷至时间下时间时间短的应先出炉。
5冷至修整时间的TECHNOLOGY REQUESTS
5.1冷至时间时间时间，可Refer to the provisions of A in A4. 5.2 When hot forging in hot forging is repaired, the termination temperature shall not be lower than 650℃.电影电影。292
钢心量量，1
普通型
>35
>5～8
≥8～13
>13~20
>20～30
>3040
>40～50
>50～65
≥65~78||tt ||>78-88
>88～105
>105~～135
>135～170
>170～230
短紁型
50
>50~60
>60~70
>70~～80
>80~115
> 115～160
≥160--230
>230～300
钢心量量，t
普通型
>3～5||tt ||>5～8
>8~13
>13～20
>20~30
>30～40
>40～ 50
>50～65
>65～78
>78~88
>88～105
>105～135||tt| |>135~170
>170～230
短紁型
50
>50～60
>60~70||tt| |>70~80
>80～115
≥115～160
>160~～230
>230-300
JB/T 6052...92
Appendix A
Heating specifications for cold and hot steel ingots (bad)
(reference parts)
Table Al
Heating specifications for hot steel ingots (bad)
Average diameter of ingot body
mm
630~-700
>700～800
≥800～950
>950~ 1150
>1 150-~1 230
>1 230~1 310
>1 310~1 400
≥1 400~1 500||tt| |>1 500~1 600
>1 600~1 700
>1 700~1 800
>1 800- 1900
>1.900~2 000| |tt||≥2 000~2 300
>2 300~2 600
>2 600-~2 850
2850~3100
average diameter of the spindle body
mm
630~700
>700800
>800~950
>950~1 150
≥1 150~1 230
>1 230~1 310
≥1 3101 400
1 400～1 ??500
≥1 500-~1 600
>1 600~~1 700
>1 700~~1 800
1800~1 900
>1 900~~2 000
>2 000-~2 300
>2 300~2 600
>2 600~2 850
≥2 850~3 100
+
Steel
『, Group I
Maximum allowable rise and overflow time,
Furnace temperature
C
1200
200
1200|| tt||1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1100||tt| |1100
1100
1000
1000
1000
1000
Heating speed
No
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
limited
maximum charge Xu
heating time, with
furnace temperature
C
1200
1200
1200
1200| |tt||1200
1200
1100
1100
1100
1100
1000
1000||tt ||1000
1000
900
900
900
Heating speed
No
6||tt| |8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
Limited
Minimum holding time under forging overflow, h
Charging therapy
1.5
2.5
3. 5| |tt||5
6
t?
8
9.5
12
13
15|| tt||17
20
22
24
26
group steel
2
3||tt ||4
5
6
8
9.5
13
15
17
1
:
+
2.5
3.5
5
6
7
8| |tt||9.5
11
13
t5
17
19.5
Minimum holding time at forging temperature, h|| tt||Loading method
1
3
5
6
7
8
9.5|| tt||11
13
15
17
19
22
24
26||tt| |28
30
1
1
6
9.5
11
13
15
17
19
22
5
6
f
8
S|| tt||11
13
15
17
19
253
Ingot weight,
>0.5| |tt||>1.1
>2.
3~ 5
5~8
8--13
>13-20|| tt||20--30
>30~40
40~ 50
Ingot weight t
>0.5
>1.4||tt| |≥2.3
3~5
>58
>8～13
≥13-20
≥20~30
23040
740~50
Steel ingot weight, t
70.5
>1. 4
_>2.3
>3~5
5-8
8～~13
13~20
>20～~30
>30~40
240~~50
29
参身共京进得
mm
270
110||tt| |630
630700
2700～~800
800~950
>950～1150
>1 150-- 1 230||tt| |21 230~1 310
≥1310~1400
心身共京安全
mm
270
410
630|| tt||2630~~700
≥700800
>800~950
950-~1150
>1 150~1 230
≥> 1,2301,310 tt||>630~700
3700-800
2800-950
>950～1150
≥1150～1230
>[ 230- -1 310
>1 310~1 400
JB/T 6052—
92
表A2
最好设计
装炉炉温
C
1150
1100
1100
1000
900
800
750
700
650
600
最好充许
装炉炉温
1050
1,000| |tt||950
900
800
750
700
650
600
550||tt ||最好充许
装炉炉温
C
750
650
600
600
550
550
450
400
350
300
冷钢市内容可以
1
850℃
insulation，h升温h
0.5
1
1.5
3
3
3|| tt||4
4
insulation，h
4
4
4
4
4|| tt||5
5
insulation，h
0.5
3
3
4
5|| h
钢
heat up，h
身造temperature下minimum heat retention时间，h
装料
0.5
1||tt| |升量身
怀
4
5
6
850℃
组
限||tt ||钢
heat retention，h heat up，h
升,h
1
按炉子
劉
率||tt ||4
4
6
+
2
2.5
3.5
4
5
7
8
血
850℃
升量，h
0.5
0. 5
1.5
5
6
7
9
+
3.5
4| |tt||5
6
co
方
0.5
1
2
3.5
4
5
.6
?
8
9.5
式
旺
1.5
5
6|| tt||7
8
9.5
11
身造temperature下minimum heat retention time，H
装
1||tt ||0.5
1
1.5
3
3.5
升温speed
不
组||tt| |8
限
4
5
6
7
8
钢
料
1
方
0.5
1
2
3. 5
4
5
8
9. 5
式
1.5
3
4
5
6
7
8| |tt||9.5
11
身造水水下minimum heat retention time，h
heat retention，h heating，h
1
1||tt ||1. 5
4
5
6
8
9
10
1.5
2| |tt||2
4
5
6
7
8
110
I||tt ||装
0.5
1
3.5
5
6
9.5
1
1
1.5
2.5
4
5
6
7
8
9.5| |tt||11
式
1.5
2
3.5
5
6
7||tt ||8
9.5
11
13
The diameter of the steel rod
or the side length
m
S100
>100~ 150
150~~200
>200~~250
>250~300
>300~350
>350~400||tt ||The diameter of the steel rod
or the side length
mm
100
>100～150
>150～200
> 200～250
>250~300
≥300～350
≥350～400
The diameter of the steel rod
or the side length||tt ||mm
100
>100~150
>150~200
>200~250
>250-300
>300~350
>350-~400
Maximum allowable error
Loading furnace temperature
℃
1200
1 200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
Maximum allowed
furnace temperature||tt| |C
1200
1200
1200
1150
1150
1100
1100
Highest Allowance
Loading furnace temperature
C
850
850
850
800
800||tt ||800
800
protection, h
insulation, h
insulation, h
JB/T 6052
Table A3
92
Steel bad heating specifications
Group
Steel
Minimum heat preservation agent at forging temperature, h
Heating, h| |tt||Heating, h
...
Heating, h
Note: The total heating time includes the holding time at forging temperature 0.5
0.5
1.0
Loading method
1
0.5
0.5
0.75
1. 0||tt| |Group
Steel
0.5
0.75
1.0
1.5
Minimum holding time at forging temperature, h
Loading method
0.5
0.5
0. 5
0.5
0.5
1.0
0.5||tt ||0.75
0.75
1.0
1.0
0.6
1.0
1.0
1.5
2.0
Steel
Group
Minimum holding time under forging degree, h
Charging method
0.5
0.75||tt ||1.0
1.0
1.25
1.5
2.5
0.75
1.0
1. 2||tt ||1.5
2. 0
2.5
2.5
1. 0
1.5
....||tt| |1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.0
Total heating time for different charging forces
0. 5|| tt||0.7
1.0
1. 5
1.8
2.0
3.0
0.8
1.2|| tt||1.5
2.(
2.5
3. 0
4. 0
1.
1.3||tt ||2.0
2.5
3.
3.5
---
5.0
Total heating time for different charging methods| |tt||h
m
0.6
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0||tt ||3.5
1. )
1.5
2.()
2.5
3. 0
3.5||tt| |4.0
1. 3
2.0)
3.0
3.5
3.8
4. 0)
5.0 )
Total heating time for different charging methods
h
t
1.5
2. 0
3.0||tt| |3.5
4.5
5. 5
6.5
2.5
3. 0
3.5
5.0|| tt||5.5
6. 0)
7.0
3.5
+. 0
5. ()
5.5|| tt||6.
8.0
9.0
295
Forging cross-section size
or equivalent diameter
mm
1300
300-500
~500-~750
≥750~1000
Forging cross-section size
or equivalent diameter
mm
1300
>300-500
>500--750
>750~~1 000
Forging cross-section size
or Equivalent diameter
mm
300
≥300～500
≥50(0 ~~750
7501 000
Maximum allowed| |tt||Loading furnace temperature
950
950
850
700
Maximum allowance
Loading furnace temperature| |tt||C
900
850
700
600
Maximum allowed
furnace temperature
750
650
650
550

X
JB/T 6052
Table A4||tt| |Insulation.h
1~2
2~-3
Insulation, h
0.5
1 ~1. 5
1.5～2.5
23
Insulation, h
1
1.5~2
2～2.5
2.5～3||tt ||Note: The second charging method takes the upper limit of insulation and heating in the table. Additional notes:
92
Cold forgings dressing and heating specifications
Group
Steel
Charging method
Minimum holding time h|| tt||Heating h
1.5
2.0
1.5～2
23
Heating, h
0.5
1～2
2～3.5
3~5
m
heating, h
2
3~-3.5
4~ 5
5~7
This standard is proposed by the National Forging Standardization Technical Committee: This standard is under the jurisdiction of the Beijing Mechanical and Electrical Research Institute of the Ministry of Mechanical and Electronic Industry. This standard is drafted by the Design and Research Institute of the Ministry of Mechanical and Electronic Industry. The drafting of this standard was owed to Wang Naizhang and Di Xuejin. 206
3
4
group
steel
loading method
3
4
4
6
Minimum holding time
2
3
5
6
Group
Steel
Charging force type
2.5
4
5
6
h
Minimum holding time|| 5
2
5.5
8
1

total heating time for different loading methods.h
T
2.5
5
8.5
11
3.5
7.5
1
1|| tt||Different loading methods
Total heating time, h
5
7
11
13.5
13.5|| tt||18
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