JB/T 7873-1999 JB/T 7873-1999 Tillage Machinery Terminology JB/T7873-1999 Standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net

ICS65.060.20
Machinery Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
JB/T7873-1999
Tillage Equipment-Terminology1999-08-06 Issued
National Machinery Industry Bureau
2000-01-01 Implementation
JB/T7873-1999||tt ||General terms
Plow and plowing operation
Moldboard plow
Disc tillage machinery
Rolling paddy
Driven tillage machinery
Soil loosening, weeding, and cultivation machinery
Thinning machinery
Rigging, ridging, and soil compaction machinery
JB/T7873-1999
This standard is a revision of JB/T7873-95 "Terms and Terms of Tillage Machinery". Compared with JB/T7873-95, this standard has no changes in the main technical content except for editorial revisions. This standard replaces JB/T7873-95 from the date of implementation. This standard is proposed and managed by the National Technical Committee for Agricultural Machinery Standardization. Drafting units of this standard: China Agricultural Mechanization Science Research Institute, China Agricultural University. The main drafters of this standard are Liu Yundong, Li Zihua, Yang Zhaowen, Sang Zhengzhong, and Chen Cuiying. 1 Scope
Machinery Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
Tillage Equipment
Tillage Equipment-TerminologyJB/T78731999
Replaces JB/T7873-95
This standard specifies the terms and definitions of various tillage equipment used in field operations such as tillage, land preparation, loosening, compaction, weeding, and intertillage.
This standard applies to various tillage equipment used in field operations such as tillage, land preparation, loosening, compaction, weeding, and intertillage. 2 General Terms
2.1 Tillage
Various mechanical tillage operations on the soil. 2.2 Primary tillage
Operations to turn over, loosen, and cover the tillage layer with stubble, weeds, or fertilizers. 2.3 Primary tillage equipment Various machines used to complete tillage operations. Such as plows, tillers, rotary tillers, etc. Land preparation secondary tillage
Loosening, leveling, furrowing, weeding and compacting the surface soil. Land preparation secondary tillage equipment 2.5
Various machines used to complete land preparation operations. Such as various rakes, weeding machines, ridgers, weeders, rollers, etc. Harrowing
Using various targets to loosen, level and remove stubble on the surface soil. Dragged land
Using hoes, covers or drag boards to rub and level the surface soil after plowing. Puddling, harrowing and leveling in submerged paddy field 2.8
Using rakes, etc. to break up, pulp and level the surface of the flooded paddy field. 2.9 Pressing
The operation of compacting soil with various rollers. 2.10 Ridging
The operation of digging trenches and raising soil on flat ground. 2.11 Bedding
The operation of burying or digging trenches on the tilled ground to form grid-shaped or strip-shaped soil blocks. 2.12 Cultivating
The operation of loosening soil, weeding, raising soil and thinning seedlings during the growth of crops. Approved by the State Bureau of Machinery Industry on August 6, 1999 and implemented on January 1, 2000
JB/T7873-—1999
2.13 Cultivating Tillage Equipment Various machines and tools used to complete tillage operations. Such as tillers, weeders, raising soil machines, thinning machines, etc. 2.15 Soil breaking
Loosening the soil. 2.16 Weeding
Removing weeds in the field by various methods. 2.17 Hill up
Mounting the soil between the rows toward the rows of crop seedlings. 2.18 Paring
Removing crop residues and weeds on the surface. 2.19 Deep carification
Loosening the soil beyond the normal tillage depth with the upper and lower soil layers basically undisturbed. 2.20 Deep ploughing
Cultivating the land beyond the normal tillage depth. 2.21 Machine that can complete two or more tillage operations at the same time. 2.22 Working depth working depth
The distance from the ground surface to the bottom of the working layer before operation. 2.23 Working width working width
The actual working width of the machine.
2.24 Penetrating distance The horizontal distance the working parts of the tillage machine move from the beginning of soil penetration to the specified working depth. 2.25 Penetrating clearance angle
The inclination of the bottom of the working machine to the ground surface when the working parts of the tillage machine begin to penetrate the soil. 2.26 Arable layer
arable layer
The soil layer of farmland that is plowed all year round.
Pan
The compacted soil layer below the tillage layer.
Furrow
The strip or block of soil cut by a single working part when the tillage machine is operating. Soil heaving
The average increase in the height of the ground surface after tillage as a percentage of the working depth. 2.30
Soil compactness
The ability of soil to resist the penetration of objects (unit: N/cm2). Soil tillability
JB/T7873-1999
The property of soil that is easy to plough and loosen during tillage. Specific draft of tillage2.32
The resistance in the forward direction of a tillage implement on a unit cross section of soil when the tillage implement is working in a certain soil (unit: N/cm2)2. 33
Specific draft of soil
The resistance in the forward direction of a unit cross section of a tillage implement on a certain soil when different soils are working under certain conditions (unit: N/cm2)
Field lifting clearancefieldinterval
The vertical clearance of the lowest point of the implement from the ground after the machine is switched from working state to transport state in the field.Road transport clearancetransportinterval2.35
When the machine is transported on the road, the maximum ground clearance reached by the lowest point of the implement through the mechanism adjustment. 2.36Passing angle
passingangle
The maximum slope angle of the ground undulation that the suspended unit can pass in the transport state. Cutting blade
The blade used to cut the soil in the working part of a tilling machine. The names of the various parts of the cutting blade and their installation position angles are as specified in Figure 1. S-blade wedge angle; —blade inclination angle: 6-blade gap angle; &-blade face angle; P-blade grinding face Figure 1
3 Types and plowing operations
3.1 Plough
A tilling machine with the main function of turning the soil. 3.2 Two-way type
One--way plough
When ploughing the land, the plough turns alternately to the left and right during the round trip, so that the blades always turn in one direction. 3.3 Plough body
The main working part of the plough.
3.4 ​​Plough body configuration angle
positionangleofploughbodies
The acute angle between the straight line connecting the corresponding points of the multi-body plough body and the forward direction of the plough (Figure 2). 3.5 Plough-body spacing JB/T7873-1999
Body configuration angle
The distance between corresponding points of two adjacent bodies of a multi-body plough (Figure 3). Figure 3
3.6 Throw-in, throw-out Direction of advance
When using one-way tillage, the earthen bulwark flips toward the center of the tillage area to turn inward; flipping toward the sides of the tillage area to turn outward. 3.7 Open furrow, closed furrow The furrow formed by the adjacent earthen bulwarks turning outward is open; the ridge formed by the relative turning of adjacent earthen bulwarks is closed. Overregion sploughing
When tilling the land, a tillage method that turns inward or outward across two small areas. Shuttle-ploughing
When tilling the land, a tillage method that always moves along the furrow of the previous stroke. 3.10 Normal traction
A traction state in which the line of action of the traction resistance of the working machine is in the longitudinal center plane of the tractor. 3.11 Deflective traction A traction state in which the line of action of the traction resistance of the working machine is not in the longitudinal center plane of the tractor. 3.12 Upright adjustmentAdjustmentThe adjustment to make the first body of the type reach the specified tillage width. Height adjustmentDepth control by gage wheel3.13
A method to control the tillage depth by adjusting the height of the depth limiting wheel or the depth limiting slide. Position adjustmentPosition adjustment
A method to control the tillage depth by adjusting the descending position of the tractor's comfort mechanism. 3.15Force adjustmentAutomatic draft adjustment4
JB/T7873-1999
A method to automatically adjust the tillage depth according to the traction resistance of the working machine.Complex adjustmentComplex adjustment
A method to control the tillage depth by using both force adjustment and position adjustment (or height adjustment) at the same time.Deflective torqueDeflective torque
The torque that the traction resistance of the working machine causes the tractor to deflect or tend to deflect in the horizontal plane. 4.1 Mouldboard plough A plough with a plowshare and a ploughboard as the main working parts. 4.2 Levels-till plough A plough that simultaneously tills the upper and lower layers of the soil during operation. 4.3 Offset plough A plough that tills the soil towards the outside of the tractor. 4.4 Combined plough with rotary tiller A plough with a rotary tiller. 4.5 Name of plough body parts The names of the parts of the plough body are as specified in Figure 4. 1-plowshare: 2-front plowboard: 3-rear plowboard; 4-type support: 5-strut; 6-type distance: 7--plow side plate; 8-extension plate; 9--type wall: 10-wing; 11-point Figure 4
4.6 Plowshare
Type is used to cut the soil under the tillage layer (Figure 5). a) Trapezoidal plowshare
b) Chisel plowshare
c) With side plowshare
4.7 Plowboard
d) Combined plowshare
mouldboard
JB/T7873-1999
e) Extendable chisel plowshare
Figure 5 (end)
The plowshare type is used to turn over and break the soil (Figure 6). a) Integral type
4.8 Coulter
b) Combined type
A component installed on the uncultivated side of the plowshare to cut the soil vertically (Figure 7). a)
Straight plowshare
4.9 Skimmer
b) Ordinary round plowshare
Notched round plowshare
A device on the plowshare to assist the plowshare in burying the remaining weeds in the soil (Figure 8). 4.10 Overload safety device safety release
Two-angle plowshare
Bar type
A device that enables the plowshare to cross obstacles or to disengage the plowshare from the tractor when encountering obstacles during the plowing process. 4.11 Leveling-Closer
An additional device installed on the plow type to fill the furrow. Corrugated circular plow force
a) Small plow type
c) Disc type
4.12 Horizontal clearance of plow body sidesuction
JB/T7873-1999
b) Angle cut type
d) Concave plate type
Use a ruler to contact the plow tip and plow sleep on the side of the plow body (the side of the side plate of the installation type), and the gap formed by the middle of the ruler and the side of the plow body is the horizontal gap (Figure 9)
Horizontal clearance
4.13 Vertical clearance of plow body downsuction
Use a ruler to contact the plow tip and plow sleep on the bottom of the type, and the gap formed by the middle of the ruler and the bottom of the type is the vertical gap (Figure 10). Vertical image
4.14 Working surface of plough body The working surface of plough body is used for turning over and breaking soil. Its boundary name is specified in Figure 11. JB/T7873-1999
1—top edge line: 2—cavity edge line: 3—joint line; 4—edge line; 5—wing line; 6—wing line Figure 11
4.15 Mould curve Mould curve The curve formed by the intersection of the plane perpendicular to the blade reference line and the body surface. 5 Disc tillage machinery
Disc type
disc plough
A type with a concave disc as the working part, and the disc has a deflection angle and an inclination angle when working (Figure 12) Figure 12
5.2 Vertical disc plough polydisc plough
A polydisc plough with only a deflection angle but no inclination angle. Disc plow body discploughbody
The working part of a disc plow (Figure 13).
Disc harrow
A harrow with multiple concave discs fixed on a horizontal axis as working parts. Opposed disc harrow
symmetricaldischarrow
A disc harrow with symmetrically arranged target groups (Figure 14).4 Combined plough with rotary tiller A plough with a rotary tiller.
4.5 Name of plough body parts The names of the parts of the plough body are as specified in Figure 4. 1-plough zinc: 2-front plough wall: 3-rear plough wall; 4-type support: 5-support rod; 6-type distance: 7--plough side plate; 8-extension plate; 9-type wall: 10-wing; 11-point Figure 4
4.6 plough share
The working part used to cut the soil under the tillage layer (Figure 5). a) Trapezoidal plowshare
b) Chisel plowshare
c) Mouldboard with side glaze
4.7
d) Combined plowshare
mouldboard
JB/T7873-1999
e) Extendable chisel plowshare
Figure 5 (End)
The working part of the plowshare type used to turn over and break the soil (Figure 6). a) Integral
4.8 Coulter
b) Combined
The part installed on the uncultivated side of the plowshare type to cut the soil vertically (Figure 7). a) Straight coulter 4.9 Skimmer b) Ordinary round coulter Notched round coulter A device on a plowshare that assists the plowshare to bury the weed residues in the soil (Figure 8). 4.10 Overload safety release Two-angle plowshare Fence type A device that enables the plowshare to pass over obstacles or to disengage the plowshare from the tractor when encountering obstacles during ploughing. 4.11 Leveling-closer An additional device installed on a plowshare to fill the furrow. Corrugated circular plow force
a) Small plow type
c) Disc type
4.12 Horizontal gap of plough body sidesuction
JB/T7873-1999
b) Angle cutting type
d) Concave plate type
Use a ruler to contact the plough tip and plough bed on the side of the plough body (the side of the mounting side plate), and the gap formed by the middle of the ruler and the side of the plough body is the horizontal gap (Figure 9)
Horizontal plow force
4.13 Vertical gap of plough body downsuction
Use a ruler to contact the plough tip and plough bed on the bottom of the mold, and the gap formed by the middle of the ruler and the bottom of the mold is the vertical gap (Figure 10). Vertical gap
4.14 Working surface of plough body The working surface of the plough body used for turning over and crushing soil. The boundary names are specified in Figure 11. JB/T7873-1999
1—top edge line: 2—cavity edge line: 3—joint line; 4—edge line; 5—plow wing line; 6—wall wing lineFigure 11
4.15 Mould curvemouldcurve
The curve formed by the intersection of the plane perpendicular to the blade reference line and the body curved surface. 5 Disc tillage machinery
Disc type
discplough
A type with a concave disc as the working part, and the disc has a deflection angle and an inclination angle when working (Figure 12)Figure 12
5.2 Vertical disc ploughpolydiscploughwwW.bzxz.Net
A multi-body disc plough with only a deflection angle but no inclination angle. Disc plough bodydiscploughbody
The working part of the disc plough (Figure 13).
Disc harrow
A harrow with multiple concave discs fixed on a horizontal axis as working parts. Opposed disc harrow
symmetricaldischarrow
A harrow with symmetrically arranged target groups (Figure 14).4 Combined plough with rotary tiller A plough with a rotary tiller.
4.5 Name of plough body parts The names of the parts of the plough body are as specified in Figure 4. 1-plough zinc: 2-front plough wall: 3-rear plough wall; 4-type support: 5-support rod; 6-type distance: 7--plough side plate; 8-extension plate; 9-type wall: 10-wing; 11-point Figure 4
4.6 plough share
The working part used to cut the soil under the tillage layer (Figure 5). a) Trapezoidal plowshare
b) Chisel plowshare
c) Mouldboard with side glaze
4.7
d) Combined plowshare
mouldboard
JB/T7873-1999
e) Extendable chisel plowshare
Figure 5 (End)
The working part of the plowshare type used to turn over and break the soil (Figure 6). a) Integral
4.8 Coulter
b) Combined
The part installed on the uncultivated side of the plowshare type to cut the soil vertically (Figure 7). a) Straight coulter 4.9 Skimmer b) Ordinary round coulter Notched round coulter A device on a plowshare that assists the plowshare to bury the weed residues in the soil (Figure 8). 4.10 Overload safety release Two-angle plowshare Fence type A device that enables the plowshare to pass over obstacles or to disengage the plowshare from the tractor when encountering obstacles during ploughing. 4.11 Leveling-closer An additional device installed on a plowshare to fill the furrow. Corrugated circular plow force
a) Small plow type
c) Disc type
4.12 Horizontal gap of plough body sidesuction
JB/T7873-1999
b) Angle cutting type
d) Concave plate type
Use a ruler to contact the plough tip and plough bed on the side of the plough body (the side of the mounting side plate), and the gap formed by the middle of the ruler and the side of the plough body is the horizontal gap (Figure 9)
Horizontal plow force
4.13 Vertical gap of plough body downsuction
Use a ruler to contact the plough tip and plough bed on the bottom of the mold, and the gap formed by the middle of the ruler and the bottom of the mold is the vertical gap (Figure 10). Vertical gap
4.14 Working surface of plough body The working surface of the plough body used for turning over and crushing soil. The boundary names are specified in Figure 11. JB/T7873-1999
1—top edge line: 2—cavity edge line: 3—joint line; 4—edge line; 5—plow wing line; 6—wall wing lineFigure 11
4.15 Mould curvemouldcurve
The curve formed by the intersection of the plane perpendicular to the blade reference line and the body curved surface. 5 Disc tillage machinery
Disc type
discplough
A type with a concave disc as the working part, and the disc has a deflection angle and an inclination angle when working (Figure 12)Figure 12
5.2 Vertical disc ploughpolydiscplough
A multi-body disc plough with only a deflection angle but no inclination angle. Disc plough bodydiscploughbody
The working part of the disc plough (Figure 13).
Disc harrow
A harrow with multiple concave discs fixed on a horizontal axis as working parts. Opposed disc harrow
symmetricaldischarrow
A harrow with symmetrically arranged target groups (Figure 14).
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