Some standard content:
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Cold brawn heat-resisting superalloy bars
Cold brawn heat-resisting superalloy barsGB/T 14994-94
Replaces G3n 178-82
This standard applies to cold-drawn bars of high-temperature alloys, which can be used to manufacture fasteners and other parts for aviation and other industries. 1 Appearance, dimensions and allowable deviations
1.1 Round bars, with a supply diameter of 8~45mm, the allowable deviation of the dimensions shall be in accordance with Grade 11 or 12 in GB905-82 "Dimensions, shape, weight and allowable deviations of cold-drawn steel", which shall be specified in the contract. 1.2 Square bars, with a supply side length of 8~30mm, the allowable deviation of the dimensions shall be in accordance with Grade 11 or 12 in GB906-82 "Dimensions, shape, weight and allowable deviations of cold-drawn square steel", which shall be specified in the contract. 1.3 Hexagonal bars, the diameter of the inscribed circle is 8-36mm, and the size tolerance is in accordance with Grade 12 in GB907-82 "Dimensions, Shape, Weight and Tolerance of Cold-drawn Hexagonal Steel". 1.4 The length of the bar should be greater than 2m, but for the length of 1-2m, the allowable quantity per batch shall not exceed 20% of the number of bars, and for the length of less than 1m but not less than 0.5m, the allowable quantity per batch shall not exceed 5 bars. 2 Technical requirements
2.1 Grade and chemical composition
2.1.1 The grade and chemical composition (melting analysis) of the alloy shall comply with the provisions of Table 1. 2.1.2 According to the special requirements of the purchaser and the agreement between the supply and demand parties, alloys with stricter composition ranges than those specified in Table 1 can be supplied. Table 1
Taiwan Gold Monument NumberbzxZ.net
New Brand
Original Brand
GH1040GH40
GH2036GH36
GH2132GHI320.08
AH3030GH30
GH4033GH33
National Technical Supervision Week 1994-04-04 approved 20,40
0.0100.00
Heart, 10
1994-05-01 implementation
Joint enterprise brand
New brand
Original brand
GH1040GH411
GH2036GH
GH2132GH132
GH3030GH30
GH33GH33
o.0300.020
0.035.0.08n
1.00 <0. 0300. 020:
GB/T 14994—94
Continued Table 1
n.030.0200.2n
0.65≤0.015≤0.007<0.007
：B，Ce is calculated according to the product
0.001c.0,0025k0.00
2.1.3 Permissible deviation of chemical composition of finished bars 2.1.3.1 The maximum permissible deviation of the chemical composition of the finished bars shall not exceed the provisions of Table 2. 2
Alloy monument number
New brand
GH2036
GH2132
Original brand
Permissible deviation of chemical composition,
±0.20!
.0.601
2.1.3.2 With the consent of the purchaser, the maximum allowable deviation of the chemical composition of the war product bar shall be in accordance with the provisions of Table 4 of GB/T14992 "High Temperature Alloy Grades".
2.2 Refining Method
The alloy can be produced by the following smelting methods, which shall be selected by the purchaser and specified in the contract. If not specified, the supplier shall select it. Other smelting methods that meet the requirements of this standard may also be adopted after consultation between the supply and demand parties. GH1040 non-vacuum induction, non-vacuum induction + electroslag remelting, arc, arc + electroslag remelting. GH2036 non-vacuum induction + electroslag remelting, arc, arc + electroslag remelting. GH2132 non-vacuum induction + electroslag remelting, arc + electroslag remelting, arc + vacuum waste. GH3030 non-vacuum induction, vacuum induction, arc. GB/T14994-94
Non-vacuum induction + electroslag remelting, vacuum induction + electroslag remelting, vacuum induction + vacuum white consumption, arc, arc + GH3033
Electroslag remelting, arc + vacuum white consumption.
2.8 Delivery status
2.3.1 The bars shall be delivered in the state of solid rolling, pickling or cold drawing after solution treatment, and it shall be indicated in the contract. In the delivery state, the requirements for the diameter of the alloy bars are as follows: HB (indentation diameter d) 3.5mm
GH2036 (GH36)
GH2132 (GH132)
Other alloys
HB (indentation diameter d) 4.25mm
HB (indentation diameter d) For reference
2.4 Mechanical properties
2.4.1 The mechanical properties of the bars are determined by heat-treated specimens. The heat treatment system of the specimens and the mechanical property requirements of the alloys shall comply with the specifications in Table 3.
GB/T 14994--94
986/086
（P) H
urm/jey
91 ×01 002 +
200801
GB/T 14994--94
2.4.1.1When the carbon content of GH206 alloy is not more than 0.36%, it is recommended that the first stage of aging be carried out at 770~780℃, and when the carbon content is more than 0.36%, it is recommended to carry out aging at 790~800℃. 2.4.1.2If the heat treatment performance of GH2132 alloy is unqualified according to Table 3, the aging temperature can be adjusted to no more than 760℃, and the temperature can be kept for 16 hours. After passing the test, it can be delivered.
2.4.1.3 If the sample does not break after 23 hours of high temperature endurance test of GH2132 alloy, the stress can be increased until it breaks. The increase should be 3.5kgf/mm2. If the sample breaks within 48 hours, the stress should not be less than 5%. If the sample breaks within 48 hours, the stress should not be less than 3%.
2.4.2 According to the special requirements of the buyer, the mechanical properties of the alloy not specified in Table 3 can be measured. The test conditions and performance requirements shall be agreed upon by the supplier and buyer.
2.5 Cold forging test
According to the special requirements of the buyer (specified in the contract), the alloy bar can be subjected to cold forging test. There shall be no cracks on the surface of the sample after forging.
2.6 Macro inspection
2.6.1 Transverse macro inspection
When inspecting the macro structure on the transverse sample after acid leaching, the alloy bar shall not have shrinkage marks, bubbles, cavities, cracks and inclusions visible to the naked eye.
2.6.2 Tower test
For alloy bars (diameter not less than 16mm) smelted in electric arc furnace, a tower test shall be carried out, and the number and length of the inspection lines shall comply with the provisions of Table 4.
Total number of lines, bars
Maximum length of lines, mm
Total length of lines on the entire sample, mm
Maximum number of lines on each step, barsTotal length of lines on each step, mm
2.7 Ultrasonic flaw detection
Bars with a diameter of not less than 16mm shall be subjected to ultrasonic flaw detection one by one, and the inspection method and test requirements shall be determined by negotiation between the supply and demand parties. Bars with a diameter of less than 16mm and non-round bars can be inspected on semi-finished products. 2,8 Surface quality
The surface of the bar shall not have cracks, folds, slag inclusions, oxide scale and dark brown color. Small pits, abrasions, bruises, black spots and scratches with a depth not exceeding the negative deviation of the nominal size are allowed, but non-rough oxide scale is allowed on the surface of the bar delivered in the solid solution state. 3 Test method
3.1 Dimension measurement method
The bar shall be measured for size one by one using universal calipers, micrometers, steel tape measures and other measuring tools. 8.2 Surface quality inspection method
The surface of the bar shall be inspected by naked eyes one by one. GH/T 14994—94
3.3 Chemical analysis method
3.3.1 Chemical analysis sampling method of alloy According to the relevant provisions of GB222—63 "Method for sampling samples for chemical analysis of steel", one sample shall be taken from each furnace. The alloy finally produced by electroslag shall be sampled and analyzed for C, AI and Ti elements from the head and tail of the ingot. 3.3.2 The chemical analysis of alloys shall be conducted in accordance with YB790-75 "Chemical Analysis Methods for High-Temperature Alloys". The purchaser may conduct retests in accordance with the current test methods.
8.4 Low-power, tower-shaped, cold-forging and mechanical properties test methods 9.4.1 The number of specimens per batch, sampling locations and test methods for low magnification, tower-shaped, cold upsetting and mechanical properties of bars shall comply with the provisions of Table 5.
Test items
Transverse low magnification
High temperature tensile
High temperature tensile
Commercial temperature endurance
3.4.2 High temperature tensile and endurance tests may adopt test methods used by other bands. 8.4.3 When measuring hardness, the surface grinding depth shall not be less than 1.5mm. Sampling Department
Take 2 pieces of supporting materials
Take 2 pieces of supporting materials
Take 2 pieces of beech materials
Take 2 pieces of rod materials
Take 2 pieces of bang materials
Take 2 pieces of falling materials
Take 2 supporting materials
Test method
GB/T11999.2—94
YB 47—64
GB233—82
YB941-78
GB228-76
YB 899--77
GE231-63
For bars with a diameter not exceeding 16mm, a steel ball with a diameter of 5mm shall be used to test the bars under a load of 750kg; for bars with a diameter greater than 16mm, a steel ball with a diameter of 10mm shall be used to test the bars under a load of 3000kg. 3.4.4 For bars with a size not exceeding 15mm, only room temperature tensile tests shall be conducted without the use of ductile strength. Non-standard specimens may be used. 1 Specimens with a diameter of 5mm or cut from the middle of the bar shall be used to determine the mechanical properties. 4 Inspection Rules
4.1 Acceptance
The acceptance of bars shall be conducted by the technical supervision department of the supplier. The purchaser has the right to inspect the bars in accordance with the provisions of this standard. 4.2 Batches
Bars shall be inspected in batches. Each batch shall consist of bars of the same brand, the same smelting furnace number, the same heat treatment batch, the same specification, and the same processing method.
4.8 Re-test
4.8.1 When a test fails, double the number of specimens shall be cut from the material (including specimens cut from the original unqualified material; if specimens are not cut from the original unqualified bar, the original unqualified material shall be scrapped) for re-test of the item. If the re-test still fails, the bar shall be scrapped.
B/T14994--94
4.3.2 For bars that fail the re-test (excluding bars that fail the mechanical properties), the supplier may conduct a further inspection and re-batch the qualified bars for acceptance.
4.3.3 For bars that fail the mechanical properties re-test, the supplier has the right to re-roll them into other specifications and then submit them as a new batch for acceptance. 4.4 Quality objection
After receiving the materials from the supplier, the purchaser shall accept the materials as soon as possible in accordance with the provisions of this standard. If it is found during inspection that the materials do not meet the requirements of this standard, the supplier should raise the issue immediately. When the supplier receives a quality objection from the purchaser, the supplier should also negotiate with the purchaser in a timely manner. 4.5 Arbitration test
When the supplier and the buyer disagree on a test result (including chemical analysis), an arbitration test shall be conducted by an arbitration unit agreed by both parties or designated by the competent department.
4.6 Treatment of metallurgical defects
When the buyer finds metallurgical defects in the finished product or flat product and the defects are confirmed by the supplier and the buyer, the product shall be returned and remade upon the request of the buyer. If the supplier and the buyer are unable to determine the nature of the defect, they may request arbitration by an arbitration unit designated by the superior department or agreed by both parties in order to make a final conclusion.
5 Packaging, marking and quality certificate
5.1 Bars shall be supplied in bundles, and each bundle shall be attached with no less than 2 labels, which shall indicate the alloy grade, furnace number, specification and supplier name.
5.2 When loading and unloading by workers, each bundle shall not exceed 80kg and shall be handled by the buyer. The weight of each bundle may be increased appropriately if the parties agree. 6.3 Each batch of bars shall be accompanied by a quality certificate, which shall include the supplier's name, the buyer's name, contract number, standard number, alloy grade, smelting method, furnace number, heat treatment furnace batch number, specifications, quantity, weight and various test results specified in this standard and the contract or agreement (if re-testing is carried out, it shall include two test results), and shall be stamped with the seal of the technical supervision department. 5.4 In addition to the provisions of this standard, other requirements for packaging, marking and quality certificates shall be in accordance with the relevant provisions of GB2101-80 Type Steel Acceptance, Packaging, Marking and Quality Certificates. Note:
This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Metallurgical Industry of the People's Republic of China. This standard was drafted by Shanghai No. 5 Iron and Steel Plant. The main drafters of this standard were Xu Huizhen and Shi Bin. This standard was entrusted to the Standardization Research Institute of the Ministry of Metallurgical Industry for interpretation.
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