Some standard content:
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Carbon steel covered electrodes Subject content and scope of application
This standard specifies the classification, technical requirements, test methods and inspection rules of carbon steel electrodes. This standard applies to carbon steel electrodes for covered electrode arc welding. 2 Reference standards
GB700 Carbon structural steel
GB/T1591 Low alloy high strength structural steel
GB223.1～223.24 Chemical analysis methods for steel and alloys GB2651 Tensile test method for welded joints
GB2652 Tensile test method for welds and deposited metals Impact test method for welded joints
GB26502 Bending and flattening test method for welded joints
GB2653
GB3323 Radiography and quality classification of steel fusion welded butt joints GB/T3965 Determination of diffusible hydrogen in deposited metal 3 Model classification
GB/T 5117—1995
Replaces GB 5117—85
3.1 The electrode model is classified according to the mechanical properties of the deposited metal, the type of coating, the welding position and the type of welding current (see Table 1). 3.2 The electrode model is compiled as follows: The letter "E" indicates the electrode. The first two digits indicate the minimum tensile strength of the deposited metal. The third digit indicates the welding position of the electrode. "0" and "1" indicate that the electrode is suitable for all-position welding (horizontal, vertical, overhead, horizontal), "2" indicates that the electrode is suitable for horizontal welding and flat corner welding, and "4" indicates that the electrode is suitable for downward vertical welding. The third and fourth digits are combined to indicate the type of welding current and the type of coating. Adding "R" after the fourth digit indicates a moisture-resistant electrode; adding "M" indicates an electrode with special provisions for moisture absorption and mechanical properties, and adding "-1" indicates an electrode with special provisions for impact properties. Table 1
Electrode model
Coating type
Welding position
E43 series-deposited metal tensile strength ≥420MPa (43kgf/mm) Special type
Ilmenite type
Titanium calcium type
High fiber home sodium type
High cellulose potassium type
Approved by the State Bureau of Technical Supervision on July 12, 1995, horizontal, vertical, overhead, horizontal
Current type
AC or DC positive, reverse connection|| tt||DC reverse connection
AC or DC reverse connection
1996-05-01 implementation
Electrode model
E5018M
Coating type
High titanium sodium type
High titanium potassium type
Low hydrogen sodium type
Low hydrogen potassium type
Iron oxide type
Iron powder titanium calcium type
Iron powder titanium type
Iron powder iron oxide type
Iron powder low hydrogen type
GB/T 5117---1995
Continued Table 1
Welding position
Horizontal, vertical, overhead, horizontal
Flat fillet welding
Flat, flat fillet welding
Flat fillet welding
Flat, flat fillet welding
Current type
AC or DC positive connection
AC or DC positive, reverse connection
DC reverse connection
AC or DC reverse connection
AC or DC positive, reverse connection
AC or DC positive connection
AC or DC positive connection
AC or DC positive, reverse connection
AC or DC positive, reverse connection
AC or DC positive, reverse connection
AC or DC positive, reverse connection Forward connection
AC or DC reverse connection
E50 series - deposited metal tensile strength ≥490MPa (50kgf/mm2)Ilmenite type
Titanium calcium type
High cellulose sodium type
High cellulose potassium type
Iron powder titanium type
Low hydrogen sodium type
Low potassium cyanide type
Iron powder low hydrogen potassium type
Iron powder low hydrogen type
Iron powder titanium calcium type
Iron powder titanium type
Iron powder iron oxide type
Iron powder low hydrogen type
Note: ①The meaning of the characters in the welding position column, flat-vertical downward—
-vertical downward welding.
Horizontal, vertical, overhead, horizontal
Horizontal, flat fillet welding
Flat, flat fillet welding
Horizontal, overhead, horizontal, vertical downward
AC or DC positive, reverse connection
"DC reverse connection
AC or DC reverse connection
AC or DC positive, reverse connection
DC reverse connection
AC or DC reverse connection
DC reverse connection
AC or DC positive, reverse connection
AC or DC positive, reverse connection
AC or DC positive connection
AC or DC reverse connection
Flat welding, verticalVertical welding, overhead
Overhead welding, horizontal-horizontal welding, flat fillet weldingHorizontal fillet welding, ②In the welding position column, vertical and overhead refer to the vertical direction applicable to vertical welding and overhead welding. E5014, EXX15.EXX16, E5018 and E5018M welding rods with a diameter not greater than 1.0mm and other types of welding rods with a diameter not greater than 5.0mm. ③ E4322 welding rods are suitable for single-pass welding.
3.3 In addition to E5018M welding rods, which can be included in E5018 welding rods (and meet all the requirements of these two types of welding rods), any welding rod included in one type cannot be included in other types. 3.4 Examples of complete welding rod models in this standard are as follows: 332
4 Technical requirements
4.1 Dimensions
4.1.1 The dimensions of welding rods shall comply with the provisions of Table 2. Welding rod diameter
Basic dimensions
GB/T5117—1995| |tt||Indicates that the electrode coating is low-hydrogen sodium type and DC reverse connection welding is adopted. Indicates that the electrode is suitable for all-position welding.
-Indicates the minimum tensile strength of the deposited metal. -Indicates the electrode.
Table 2 Welding rod size
Welding rod length
Limit deviation
Basic size
200~250
250~350
350~450
450~700
Limit deviation
4.1.1.1 It is allowed to manufacture 2.4mm or 2.6mm diameter welding rod instead of 2.5mm welding rod, 3.0mm diameter welding rod instead of 3.2mm welding rod, 4.8mm diameter welding rod instead of 5.0mm welding rod, and 4.1.1.2 It is allowed to manufacture 2.4mm or 2.6mm diameter welding rod instead of 2.5mm welding rod, 3.0mm diameter welding rod instead of 3.2mm welding rod, 4.8mm diameter welding rod instead of 5.0mm welding rod, and 4.1.1.3 It is allowed to manufacture 2.4mm or 2.6mm diameter welding rod instead of 2.5mm welding rod, 3.0mm diameter welding rod instead of 3.2mm welding rod, 4.8mm diameter welding rod instead of 5.0mm welding rod, and 4.1.1.4 5.8mm welding rod replaces 6.0mm welding rod. 4.1.1.2 According to the requirements of the purchaser, it is allowed to supply welding rods of other sizes through agreement. 4.1.2 The length of the clamping end of the welding rod shall comply with the provisions of Table 3. Rod diameter
Clamping end length
Note: For welding rods used for gravity welding, the clamping end length shall not be less than 25mm, 4.2 Coating
Clamping end length
4.2.1 The welding core and coating shall not have any defects that affect the quality of the welding rod. 4.2.2 The coating at the arc-starting end of the welding rod shall be chamfered, and the end face of the welding core shall be exposed to ensure easy arc starting. The exposed core of the welding rod shall comply with the following provisions: mm
For low-hydrogen welding rods, the exposed core length along the length direction shall not be greater than half of the welding core diameter or 1.6mm, whichever is smaller. b.
For other types of welding rods, the exposed core length along the length direction shall not be greater than two-thirds of the welding core diameter or 2.4mm, whichever is smaller. The exposed core along the circumferential direction of various diameter welding rods shall not be greater than half of the circumference. 333
4.2.3 The eccentricity of welding rods shall comply with the following provisions: a.
GB/T5117—1995
For welding rods with a diameter not greater than 2.5mm, the eccentricity shall not be greater than 7%; for welding rods with a diameter of 3.2mm and 4.0mm, the eccentricity shall not be greater than 5%; b.
For welding rods with a diameter not less than 5.0mm, the eccentricity shall not be greater than 4%. The calculation method of eccentricity is as follows (see Figure 1): Welding rod eccentricity =
Wherein: Ti-
Ti—T2
(T +T3/2 × 100%
The maximum thickness of the coating layer of the welding rod section minus the diameter of the welding core; the minimum thickness of the coating layer of the same section minus the diameter of the welding core. Figure 1
4.3 T-joint fillet weld
4.3.1 The surface of the fillet weld shall be free of cracks, weld bumps, slag inclusions and surface pores after visual inspection. Individual short undercuts with a depth of less than 1mm are allowed.
4.3.2 The leg size of the fillet weld shall comply with the provisions of Table 4. The convexity of the convex fillet weld and the difference in the length of the two legs of the fillet weld shall comply with the provisions of Table 5.
Welding rod model
Welding rod diameter
1.6, 2.0
Test plate size
Plate friction T
(not less than)
: 300, 400
Welding position
Vertical, overhead
Weld leg size
Electrode model
Electrode diameter
6.4, 8.0
5.6, 6.0
5.6, 6.0
6.4, 8.0
GB/T 5117 - 1995
Continued Table 4
Test plate size
Plate thickness·T
(not less than)
300, 400
300, 400
250, 300
Welding position
Vertical, overhead
Vertical, overhead
Vertical, overhead
Vertical, overhead
Weld leg size
Electrode model
Electrode diameter
5.6, 6.0
GB/T5117—1995
Continued Table 4
Plate thickness T
Note: "Xx\" in the electrode model represents 43 or 50. Weld leg size
Convexity (not more than)
Plate length 1
(not less than)
300, 400
300, 400
Welding position
Vertical downward, upward
Horizontal, vertical downward
Difference between two weld legs (not more than)
Weld leg size
4.3.3 The two longitudinal fracture surfaces of the fillet weld should be free of cracks after visual inspection. The total length of the weld root without fusion should not be less than 20% of the total weld length. For fillet welds welded with E4312, E4313 and E5014 electrodes, when the depth of unfused is not greater than 25% of the smallest weld leg, it is allowed to exist continuously; for fillet welds welded with other types of electrodes, when the depth of unfused is not greater than 25% of the smallest weld leg, the length of continuous unfused should not exceed 25mm. Fillet weld tests do not check internal pores. 4.4 Chemical composition of deposited metal
The chemical composition of deposited metal shall comply with the provisions of Table 6. 336
Welding rod model
E4300,E4301
E4303.E4310、
E4311、E4312、
E4313、E4320、
F4322、E4323.
E4324.E4327、
E5001、E5003、
F 5010.E5011
E5015、E5016、
E5018.E5027
E4315、E4316、
E4328、E5014、
E5023、E5024
E5028、E5048
E5018M
Note: The single values in the table are all maximum values.
4.5 Mechanical properties
GB/T 5117 -- 1995
Table 6 Chemical composition of deposited metal
4.5.1 The results of tensile test of molten metal and transverse tensile test of weld of E4322 type electrode shall comply with the provisions of Table 7. 4.5.2 The results of Charpy V-notch impact test of weld metal shall comply with the provisions of Table 8. %
Total amount of MnNiCrMoV
4.5.3 After bending, the longitudinal bending specimen of E4322 electrode weld metal should not have cracks larger than 3.2mm on the weld. 4.6 Radiographic flaw detection of weld seams
Flaw detection of weld metal should comply with the requirements of Table 9.
Welding rod model
E4300, E4301, E4303
E4310, F4311, E4315,
E4316E4320.E4323,
E4327, E4328
F4312, E4313, E4324
E5001, E5003, E5010.E5011
E5015.E5016.F5018
E5027.E5028, E5048
E5014, E5023.E5024
F5018M
Note: ①The single values in the table are all minimum values. Tensile strength
(kgf/mm2)
E43 series
E50 series
Yield point
(kgf/mm2)
Not required
365~500
(37~51)
Elongation%
GB/T 5117—1995
②The minimum elongation of E5024-1 type welding rod is 22%. ③The tensile strength of the deposited metal of E5018M type welding rod is nominally 490MPa (50kgf/mm2), and the yield point of the welding rod with a diameter of 2.5mm is not more than 530MPa (54 kgf/mm*).
Welding rod model
EXX10,EXX11.EXX15
EXX16,EXX18.EXX27,
EXX01.EXX28.E5 024-1
E4300EXX03, EXX23
E5015-1
E5016-1
E5018-1
E5018M
F4 312, E4313, E4320,
E4322.E5014.EXX24
Charpy V-notch impact absorption energy J (not less than) Average value of 3 values in 5 samples
Average value of 5 samples2
Test temperature, ℃
Note: 1) When calculating the average value of 3 values in 5 samples, the maximum and minimum values of the 5 values should be discarded, and the remaining 3 values must have two values not less than 27J and another value not less than 20J.
2) Use the values of 5 samples to calculate the average value, and 4 of the 5 values must be not less than 67J and another value must be not less than 54J. Table 9
Welding rod model
EXX01, EXX15.EXX16.E5018.E5018M.E4320.E5048E4300, EXX03.EXX10, EXX11, E4313, E5014, EXX23, EXX24.EXX27.EXX28
E4312, E4322
4.7 Moisture content of coating, diffusible hydrogen content of deposited metal Requirements for radiographic flaw detection films of weld metal
The moisture content of coating and diffusible hydrogen content of deposited metal of low-hydrogen type welding rod shall comply with the requirements of Table 10. Except for E5018M welding rods, other low-hydrogen welding rod manufacturers can provide users with either the test results of the electrode coating moisture content or the diffusible hydrogen content in the deposited metal. In case of dispute, the test results of the electrode coating moisture content shall prevail. E5018M welding rod manufacturers must provide users with the test results of the coating moisture content and the diffusible cyanide content in the deposited metal.
Welding rod model
EXX15,EXX15-1.
EXX16.EXX16-1.
E5018,E5018-1,
EXX28,E5048
EXX15R.EXX15-1R
EXX16R.EXX16-1R.
E5018RE5018-1R
EXX28R.E5048R
E5018M
5 Test methods
5.1 Test base materials
GB/T5117-1995
Water content of coating, % (not more than)
Normal state
Moisture absorption state
Diffusible hydrogen content of molten metal, ml./100g (not more than)Glycerol method
Chromatography or mercury method
All test base materials shall be Q235A grade, B grade, Q255A grade, B grade in accordance with GB700 or other materials with chemical composition and mechanical properties equivalent to the molten metal of the electrode. EXX15, EXX16, E5018, EXX28 and E5048 electrodes may also be made of 16Mn or other equivalent materials specified in GB/T1591. 5.2 Welding rod drying and welding current types
5.2.1 If low-hydrogen welding rods are not well protected from moisture during storage or transportation, they should be kept at 260~~430℃ for more than 1h before testing or dried according to the baking specifications recommended by the manufacturer. Other types of welding rods can be tested in the as-delivered state. 5.2.2 The type of welding current used in the test should comply with the provisions of Table 11. For electrodes that can be used for AC or DC welding, AC should be used during the test. Table 11 | |tt | 0
5.6, 6.0.6.4
1.6, 2.0, 2.5, 3.2, 4.0.5.0
5. 6.6. 0.6. 4.8. 0
1.6, 2. 0, 2.5, 3. 2, 4. 0, 5. 05.6, 6.0.6.4, 8. 0
Current type
AC or
DC positive,
DC reverse
AC or
DC reverse
AC orwww.bzxz.net
DC positive
AC or DC
Positive, reverse
Welding position
Metal deposition
【Radiographic flaw detection and
Science Analysis test
Tensile test\
Impact test")
Fillet weld
Vertical, vertical
Vertical, vertical
Vertical, vertical
Vertical, vertical
Moisture absorption test"
E5018M
Electrode diameter
2.5, 3.2, 4.0
5. 0, 5. 6, 6. 0, 6.4.8. 0
5.0.5.6, 6.0
2.5, 3.2
5.0.5.6.6.0
3.2, 4.0, 5.0, 5.6,
6.0.6 .4.8.0
3.2, 4.0.5.0, 5.6
2.5.3.2, 4.0, 5.0, 5.6,
3.2, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0
3. 2. 5. 0. 5. 6. 6. 0. 8. 04.0.6.4
GB/T 5117-1995
Continued Table 11
Current types
AC or DC
Forward and reverse connection
DC reverse connection
AC or DC
DC reverse connection
Fillet welding AC or
DC forward connection
Deposited metallization
Chemical analysis test
Flat welding AC or
DC forward and reverse connection
AC or DC
AC or DC
Forward and reverse connection
Fillet welding AC or
DC forward connection
Flat welding AC or
DC forward and reverse connection
AC or DC
Note: 1) There is no radiographic flaw detection test requirement for E4312 and E4322 electrodes. 2) E5024 welding rod is not subjected to impact test. 3) Moisture absorption test refers to the moisture absorption resistant welding rod.
Welding position
Radiographic flaw detection and
Tensile test
Strike test"
Fillet weld
Vertical, upward
Vertical, upward
Transverse tensile test and longitudinal bending test of weld metal: flat
Moisture absorption test3
Upright, vertical downward
Flat, vertical downward
5.3T-joint fillet weld test
GB/T51171995
5.3.1The preparation of the test plate shall comply with the provisions of Figure 2, Figure 3, Table 4, Table 11 and 5.3.2~5.3.4. According to the provisions of Table 4, one set of test plates shall be prepared for each welding position.
5.3.2The test plate consists of a vertical plate and a bottom plate. The joint surface between the vertical plate and the bottom plate shall be machined. The bottom plate shall be straight, Smooth to ensure that there is no obvious gap at the joint of the two plates.
5.3.3 The minimum temperature of the test plate is 16℃. Weld a single-pass weld on one side of the joint. The first welding rod should be welded continuously until the residual head of the welding rod is no more than 50mm, and then the second welding rod is used to complete the welding of the entire joint. When the end of the weld of the first welding rod is less than 100mm from the end of the test plate, an arc-starting plate or a longer test plate can be used. 5.3.4 When welding vertically, E5048 type welding rods should be welded vertically downward, and other types of welding rods should be welded vertically upward. 5.3.5 The weld after welding should first be visually inspected, and then a macro specimen is cut as shown in Figure 2. Any side of the two sections can be used for inspection.
5.3.6 After the section is polished and corroded, mark it as shown in Figure 4, and measure the weld leg size, weld leg and convexity of convex fillet welds. The measurement error is accurate to 0. 1 mm.
Take
Macro specimen
Note: See Table 4 for T and L values in the figure.
(a) Flat fillet weld
(b) Vertical fillet weld
First coal strip
End of weld bead
(c) Willow fillet weld
Weld leg size
Weld leg size
Convex fillet weld
GB/T 5117-1995
Weld foot size
Weld size
Concave fillet weld
5.3.7 The remaining two joints are broken longitudinally along the entire fillet weld in the direction of breaking shown in Figure 5, and the fracture surface is checked. If the fracture occurs on the parent material, the weld metal cannot be considered unqualified and the test should be repeated. 5.3.8 In order to ensure that the fracture occurs on the weld, one or more of the following methods can be used: Weld a reinforcement weld at each weld toe of the weld, as shown in Figure 5 (a); a.||tt| |b. Change the position of the vertical plate on the bottom plate, as shown in Figure 5(b); open a notch on the weld surface, as shown in Figure 5(c). c
Breaking direction
Strengthening the weld
(a) Strengthening the weld
5.4 Chemical analysis of deposited metal
Breaking direction
3/4 bottom plate width
(h) Changing the position of the vertical plate
5.4.1 The deposited metal chemical analysis specimen shall be welded according to the current type and welding position specified in Table 11. Breaking direction
Maximum depth of notch
1/2 weld cover
(c) Opening a notch
5.4.2 The deposited metal chemical analysis specimen shall be welded in multiple layers. The temperature of the specimen before welding shall not be lower than room temperature. After each pass of welding, the specimen shall be cooled in water to control the temperature between passes. The temperature between passes shall not exceed 150℃. Before welding the next pass, clean the weld surface and dry it. Before sampling the chemical analysis sample, the metal on the weld surface should be removed, and the sampling position should be no less than 6.5mm from the surface of the substrate. 5.4.3 The chemical analysis sample of the deposited metal can be prepared from the tensile sample of the deposited metal after breaking, or from the weld of the mechanical properties test plate. When sampling, the arc starting point and arc ending point should be avoided. The sample for the arbitration test is only allowed to be prepared from the cladding metal. 5.4.4 The chemical analysis test of the molten metal can be conducted by any appropriate method agreed upon by both the supplier and the buyer. The arbitration test should be carried out in accordance with GB223.1~223.24.
5.5 Mechanical properties test
5.5.1 The preparation of the test plate for the mechanical properties test shall be carried out in accordance with the following provisions. 5.5.1.1 The test plate shall be prepared in accordance with Figure 6 and Table 11. The E5018M type welding rod test plate shall be prepared in accordance with Figure 7 and Table 11. 3420
Current type
AC or
DC positive,
DC reverse
AC or
DC reverse
AC or
DC positive
AC or DC
Positive, reverse
Welding position
Metal deposition
【Radiographic flaw detection and
Science Analysis test
Tensile test\
Impact test")
Fillet weld
Vertical, vertical
Vertical, vertical
Vertical, vertical
Vertical, horizontal
Moisture absorption test"
E5018M
Electrode diameter
2.5, 3.2, 4.0
5. 0, 5. 6, 6. 0, 6.4.8. 0
5.0.5.6, 6.0
2.5, 3.2
5.0.5.6.6.0
3.2, 4.0, 5.0, 5.6,
6.0.6 .4.8.0
3.2, 4.0.5.0, 5.6
2.5.3.2, 4.0, 5.0, 5.6,
3.2, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0
3. 2. 5. 0. 5. 6. 6. 0. 8. 04.0.6.4
GB/T 5117-1995
Continued Table 11
Current types
AC or DC
Forward and reverse connection
DC reverse connection
AC or DC
DC reverse connection
Fillet welding AC or
DC forward connection
Deposited metallization
Chemical analysis test
Flat welding AC or
DC forward and reverse connection
AC or DC
AC or DC
Forward and reverse connection
Fillet welding AC or
DC forward connection
Flat welding AC or
DC forward and reverse connection
AC or DC
Note: 1) There is no radiographic flaw detection test requirement for E4312 and E4322 electrodes. 2) E5024 welding rod is not subjected to impact test. 3) Moisture absorption test refers to the moisture absorption resistant welding rod.
Welding position
Radiographic flaw detection and
Tensile test
Strike test"
Fillet weld
Vertical, upward
Vertical, upward
Transverse tensile test and longitudinal bending test of weld metal: flat
Moisture absorption test3
Upright, vertical downward
Flat, vertical downward
5.3T-joint fillet weld test
GB/T51171995
5.3.1The preparation of the test plate shall comply with the provisions of Figure 2, Figure 3, Table 4, Table 11 and 5.3.2~5.3.4. According to the provisions of Table 4, one set of test plates shall be prepared for each welding position.
5.3.2The test plate consists of a vertical plate and a bottom plate. The joint surface between the vertical plate and the bottom plate shall be machined. The bottom plate shall be straight, Smooth to ensure that there is no obvious gap at the joint of the two plates.
5.3.3 The minimum temperature of the test plate is 16℃. Weld a single-pass weld on one side of the joint. The first welding rod should be welded continuously until the residual head of the welding rod is no more than 50mm, and then the second welding rod is used to complete the welding of the entire joint. When the end of the weld of the first welding rod is less than 100mm from the end of the test plate, an arc-starting plate or a longer test plate can be used. 5.3.4 When welding vertically, E5048 type welding rods should be welded vertically downward, and other types of welding rods should be welded vertically upward. 5.3.5 The weld after welding should first be visually inspected, and then a macro specimen is cut as shown in Figure 2. Any side of the two sections can be used for inspection.
5.3.6 After the section is polished and corroded, mark it as shown in Figure 4, and measure the weld leg size, weld leg and convexity of convex fillet welds. The measurement error is accurate to 0. 1 mm.
Take
Macro specimen
Note: See Table 4 for T and L values in the figure.
(a) Flat fillet weld
(b) Vertical fillet weld
First coal strip
End of weld bead
(c) Willow fillet weld
Weld leg size
Weld leg size
Convex fillet weld
GB/T 5117-1995
Weld foot size
Weld size
Concave fillet weld
5.3.7 The remaining two joints are broken longitudinally along the entire fillet weld in the direction of breaking shown in Figure 5, and the fracture surface is checked. If the fracture occurs on the parent material, the weld metal cannot be considered unqualified and the test should be repeated. 5.3.8 In order to ensure that the fracture occurs on the weld, one or more of the following methods can be used: Weld a reinforcement weld at each weld toe of the weld, as shown in Figure 5 (a); a.||tt| |b. Change the position of the vertical plate on the bottom plate, as shown in Figure 5(b); open a notch on the weld surface, as shown in Figure 5(c). c
Breaking direction
Strengthening the weld
(a) Strengthening the weld
5.4 Chemical analysis of deposited metal
Breaking direction
3/4 bottom plate width
(h) Changing the position of the vertical plate
5.4.1 The deposited metal chemical analysis specimen shall be welded according to the current type and welding position specified in Table 11. Breaking direction
Maximum depth of notch
1/2 weld cover
(c) Opening a notch
5.4.2 The deposited metal chemical analysis specimen shall be welded in multiple layers. The temperature of the specimen before welding shall not be lower than room temperature. After each pass of welding, the specimen shall be cooled in water to control the temperature between passes. The temperature between passes shall not exceed 150℃. Before welding the next pass, clean the weld surface and dry it. Before sampling the chemical analysis sample, the metal on the weld surface should be removed, and the sampling position should be no less than 6.5mm from the surface of the substrate. 5.4.3 The chemical analysis sample of the deposited metal can be prepared from the tensile sample of the deposited metal after breaking, or from the weld of the mechanical properties test plate. When sampling, the arc starting point and arc ending point should be avoided. The sample for the arbitration test is only allowed to be prepared from the cladding metal. 5.4.4 The chemical analysis test of the molten metal can be conducted by any appropriate method agreed upon by both the supplier and the buyer. The arbitration test should be carried out in accordance with GB223.1~223.24.
5.5 Mechanical properties test
5.5.1 The preparation of the test plate for the mechanical properties test shall be carried out in accordance with the following provisions. 5.5.1.1 The test plate shall be prepared in accordance with Figure 6 and Table 11. The E5018M type welding rod test plate shall be prepared in accordance with Figure 7 and Table 11. 3420
Current type
AC or
DC positive,
DC reverse
AC or
DC reverse
AC or
DC positive
AC or DC
Positive, reverse
Welding position
Metal deposition
【Radiographic flaw detection and
Science Analysis test
Tensile test\
Impact test")
Fillet weld
Vertical, vertical
Vertical, vertical
Vertical, vertical
Vertical, vertical
Moisture absorption test"
E5018M
Electrode diameter
2.5, 3.2, 4.0
5. 0, 5. 6, 6. 0, 6.4.8. 0
5.0.5.6, 6.0
2.5, 3.2
5.0.5.6.6.0
3.2, 4.0, 5.0, 5.6,
6.0.6 .4.8.0
3.2, 4.0.5.0, 5.6
2.5.3.2, 4.0, 5.0, 5.6,
3.2, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0
3. 2. 5. 0. 5. 6. 6. 0. 8. 04.0.6.4
GB/T 5117-1995
Continued Table 11
Current types
AC or DC
Forward and reverse connection
DC reverse connection
AC or DC
DC reverse connection
Fillet welding AC or
DC forward connection
Deposited metallization
Chemical analysis test
Flat welding AC or
DC forward and reverse connection
AC or DC
AC or DC
Forward and reverse connection
Fillet welding AC or
DC forward connection
Flat welding AC or
DC forward and reverse connection
AC or DC
Note: 1) There is no radiographic flaw detection test requirement for E4312 and E4322 electrodes. 2) E5024 welding rod is not subjected to impact test. 3) Moisture absorption test refers to the moisture absorption resistant welding rod.
Welding position
Radiographic flaw detection and
Tensile test
Strike test"
Fillet weld
Vertical, upward
Vertical, upward
Transverse tensile test and longitudinal bending test of weld metal: flat
Moisture absorption test3
Upright, vertical downward
Flat, vertical downward
5.3T-joint fillet weld test
GB/T51171995
5.3.1The preparation of the test plate shall comply with the provisions of Figure 2, Figure 3, Table 4, Table 11 and 5.3.2~5.3.4. According to the provisions of Table 4, one set of test plates shall be prepared for each welding position.
5.3.2The test plate consists of a vertical plate and a bottom plate. The joint surface between the vertical plate and the bottom plate shall be machined. The bottom plate shall be straight, Smooth to ensure that there is no obvious gap at the joint of the two plates.
5.3.3 The minimum temperature of the test plate is 16℃. Weld a single-pass weld on one side of the joint. The first welding rod should be welded continuously until the residual head of the welding rod is no more than 50mm, and then the second welding rod is used to complete the welding of the entire joint. When the end of the weld of the first welding rod is less than 100mm from the end of the test plate, an arc-starting plate or a longer test plate can be used. 5.3.4 When welding vertically, E5048 type welding rods should be welded vertically downward, and other types of welding rods should be welded vertically upward. 5.3.5 The weld after welding should first be visually inspected, and then a macro specimen is cut as shown in Figure 2. Any side of the two sections can be used for inspection.
5.3.6 After the section is polished and corroded, mark it as shown in Figure 4, and measure the weld leg size, weld leg and convexity of convex fillet welds. The measurement error is accurate to 0. 1 mm.
Take
Macro specimen
Note: See Table 4 for T and L values in the figure.
(a) Flat fillet weld
(b) Vertical fillet weld
First coal strip
End of weld bead
(c) Willow fillet weld
Weld leg size
Weld leg size
Convex fillet weld
GB/T 5117-1995
Weld foot size
Weld size
Concave fillet weld
5.3.7 The remaining two joints are broken longitudinally along the entire fillet weld in the direction of breaking shown in Figure 5, and the fracture surface is checked. If the fracture occurs on the parent material, the weld metal cannot be considered unqualified and the test should be repeated. 5.3.8 In order to ensure that the fracture occurs on the weld, one or more of the following methods can be used: Weld a reinforcement weld at each weld toe of the weld, as shown in Figure 5 (a); a.||tt| |b. Change the position of the vertical plate on the bottom plate, as shown in Figure 5(b); open a notch on the weld surface, as shown in Figure 5(c). c
Breaking direction
Strengthening the weld
(a) Strengthening the weld
5.4 Chemical analysis of deposited metal
Breaking direction
3/4 bottom plate width
(h) Changing the position of the vertical plate
5.4.1 The deposited metal chemical analysis specimen shall be welded according to the current type and welding position specified in Table 11. Breaking direction
Maximum depth of notch
1/2 weld cover
(c) Opening a notch
5.4.2 The deposited metal chemical analysis specimen shall be welded in multiple layers. The temperature of the specimen before welding shall not be lower than room temperature. After each pass of welding, the specimen shall be cooled in water to control the temperature between passes. The temperature between passes shall not exceed 150℃. Before welding the next pass, clean the weld surface and dry it. Before sampling the chemical analysis sample, the metal on the weld surface should be removed, and the sampling position should be no less than 6.5mm from the surface of the substrate. 5.4.3 The chemical analysis sample of the deposited metal can be prepared from the tensile sample of the deposited metal after breaking, or from the weld of the mechanical properties test plate. When sampling, the arc starting point and arc ending point should be avoided. The sample for the arbitration test is only allowed to be prepared from the cladding metal. 5.4.4 The chemical analysis test of the molten metal can be conducted by any appropriate method agreed upon by both the supplier and the buyer. The arbitration test should be carried out in accordance with GB223.1~223.24.
5.5 Mechanical properties test
5.5.1 The preparation of the test plate for the mechanical properties test shall be carried out in accordance with the following provisions. 5.5.1.1 The test plate shall be prepared in accordance with Figure 6 and Table 11. The E5018M type welding rod test plate shall be prepared in accordance with Figure 7 and Table 11. 3423T-joint fillet weld test
GB/T51171995
5.3.1 The preparation of the test plate shall comply with the provisions of Figure 2, Figure 3, Table 4, Table 11 and 5.3.2~5.3.4. According to the provisions of Table 4, prepare a set of test plates for each welding position.
5.3.2 The test plate consists of a vertical plate and a bottom plate. The joint surface of the vertical plate and the bottom plate shall be machined. The bottom plate shall be straight and smooth to ensure that there is no obvious gap at the joint of the two plates.
5.3.3 The minimum temperature of the test plate is 16℃. On one side of the joint, weld a single pass weld with one electrode. The first electrode should be welded continuously until the residual end of the electrode is no more than 50mm. Then use the second electrode to complete the welding of the entire joint. When the end of the weld of the first electrode is less than 100mm from the end of the test plate, an arc starter plate or a longer test plate can be used. 5.3.4 When welding vertically, E5048 type welding rods should be welded vertically downward, and other types of welding rods should be welded vertically upward. 5.3.5 The weld after welding should be visually inspected first, and then a macro specimen is cut as shown in Figure 2. Any side of the two sections can be used for inspection.
5.3.6 After the section is polished and etched, mark it as shown in Figure 4 to measure the size of the weld leg, the convexity of the weld leg and the convex fillet weld. The measurement error is accurate to 0.1 mm.
Cut here
Macro specimen
Note: See Table 4 for the T and L values in the figure.
(a) Flat fillet weld
(b) Vertical fillet weld
First coal rod
End of weld bead
(c) Willow fillet weld
Weld leg size
Weld leg size
Convex fillet weld
GB/T 5117-1995
Weld leg size
Weld size
Concave fillet weld
5.3.7 The remaining two joints are broken longitudinally along the entire fillet weld in the direction of breaking shown in Figure 5, and the fracture surface is checked. If the fracture occurs on the parent material, the weld metal cannot be considered unqualified and the test should be repeated. 5.3.8 In order to ensure that the fracture occurs on the weld, one or more of the following methods can be used: Weld a reinforcement weld at each weld toe of the weld, as shown in Figure 5(a); a.
b. Change the position of the vertical plate on the bottom plate, as shown in Figure 5(b); open a notch on the weld surface, as shown in Figure 5(c). c
Breaking direction
Strengthening the weld
(a) Strengthening the weld
5.4 Chemical analysis of deposited metal
Breaking direction
3/4 bottom plate width
(h) Changing the position of the vertical plate
5.4.1 The deposited metal chemical analysis specimen shall be welded according to the current type and welding position specified in Table 11. Breaking direction
Maximum depth of notch
1/2 weld cover
(c) Opening a notch
5.4.2 The deposited metal chemical analysis specimen shall be welded in multiple layers. The temperature of the specimen before welding shall not be lower than room temperature. After each pass of welding, the specimen shall be cooled in water to control the temperature between passes. The temperature between passes shall not exceed 150℃. Before welding the next pass, clean the weld surface and dry it. Before sampling the chemical analysis sample, the metal on the weld surface should be removed, and the sampling position should be no less than 6.5mm from the surface of the substrate. 5.4.3 The chemical analysis sample of the deposited metal can be prepared from the tensile sample of the deposited metal after breaking, or from the weld of the mechanical properties test plate. When sampling, the arc starting point and arc ending point should be avoided. The sample for the arbitration test is only allowed to be prepared from the cladding metal. 5.4.4 The chemical analysis test of the molten metal can be conducted by any appropriate method agreed upon by both the supplier and the buyer. The arbitration test should be carried out in accordance with GB223.1~223.24.
5.5 Mechanical properties test
5.5.1 The preparation of the test plate for the mechanical properties test shall be carried out in accordance with the following provisions. 5.5.1.1 The test plate shall be prepared in accordance with Figure 6 and Table 11. The E5018M type welding rod test plate shall be prepared in accordance with Figure 7 and Table 11. 3423T-joint fillet weld test
GB/T51171995
5.3.1 The preparation of the test plate shall comply with the provisions of Figure 2, Figure 3, Table 4, Table 11 and 5.3.2~5.3.4. According to the provisions of Table 4, prepare a set of test plates for each welding position.
5.3.2 The test plate consists of a vertical plate and a bottom plate. The joint surface of the vertical plate and the bottom plate shall be machined. The bottom plate shall be straight and smooth to ensure that there is no obvious gap at the joint of the two plates.
5.3.3 The minimum temperature of the test plate is 16℃. On one side of the joint, weld a single pass weld with one electrode. The first electrode should be welded continuously until the residual end of the electrode is no more than 50mm. Then use the second electrode to complete the welding of the entire joint. When the end of the weld of the first electrode is less than 100mm from the end of the test plate, an arc starter plate or a longer test plate can be used. 5.3.4 When welding vertically, E5048 type welding rods should be welded vertically downward, and other types of welding rods should be welded vertically upward. 5.3.5 The weld after welding should be visually inspected first, and then a macro specimen is cut as shown in Figure 2. Any side of the two sections can be used for inspection.
5.3.6 After the section is polished and etched, mark it as shown in Figure 4 to measure the size of the weld leg, the convexity of the weld leg and the convex fillet weld. The measurement error is accurate to 0.1 mm.
Cut here
Macro specimen
Note: See Table 4 for the T and L values in the figure.
(a) Flat fillet weld
(b) Vertical fillet weld
First coal rod
End of weld bead
(c) Willow fillet weld
Weld leg size
Weld leg size
Convex fillet weld
GB/T 5117-1995
Weld leg size
Weld size
Concave fillet weld
5.3.7 The remaining two joints are broken longitudinally along the entire fillet weld in the direction of breaking shown in Figure 5, and the fracture surface is checked. If the fracture occurs on the parent material, the weld metal cannot be considered unqualified and the test should be repeated. 5.3.8 In order to ensure that the fracture occurs on the weld, one or more of the following methods can be used: Weld a reinforcement weld at each weld toe of the weld, as shown in Figure 5(a); a.
b. Change the position of the vertical plate on the bottom plate, as shown in Figure 5(b); open a notch on the weld surface, as shown in Figure 5(c). c
Breaking direction
Strengthening the weld
(a) Strengthening the weld
5.4 Chemical analysis of deposited metal
Breaking direction
3/4 bottom plate width
(h) Changing the position of the vertical plate
5.4.1 The deposited metal chemical analysis specimen shall be welded according to the current type and welding position specified in Table 11. Breaking direction
Maximum depth of notch
1/2 weld cover
(c) Opening a notch
5.4.2 The deposited metal chemical analysis specimen shall be welded in multiple layers. The temperature of the specimen before welding shall not be lower than room temperature. After each pass of welding, the specimen shall be cooled in water to control the temperature between passes. The temperature between passes shall not exceed 150℃. Before welding the next pass, clean the weld surface and dry it. Before sampling the chemical analysis sample, the metal on the weld surface should be removed, and the sampling position should be no less than 6.5mm from the surface of the substrate. 5.4.3 The chemical analysis sample of the deposited metal can be prepared from the tensile sample of the deposited metal after breaking, or from the weld of the mechanical properties test plate. When sampling, the arc starting point and arc ending point should be avoided. The sample for the arbitration test is only allowed to be prepared from the cladding metal. 5.4.4 The chemical analysis test of the molten metal can be conducted by any appropriate method agreed upon by both the supplier and the buyer. The arbitration test should be carried out in accordance with GB223.1~223.24.
5.5 Mechanical properties test
5.5.1 The preparation of the test plate for the mechanical properties test shall be carried out in accordance with the following provisions. 5.5.1.1 The test plate shall be prepared in accordance with Figure 6 and Table 11. The E5018M type welding rod test plate shall be prepared in accordance with Figure 7 and Table 11. 342
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