GB/T 8845-1988 Die Terminology GB/T8845-1988 Standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net

National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Terminology for dies
UDC 01.7t6.2
GB 4845-$8
This standard specifies the basic types of dies, common die parts, structural elements of round punches and round concave dies, and some main technical proofs and definitions used in die design.
dies (stamping and punching dies) are process equipment for separating, forming and joining metal or metal sheets or profiles under pressure to obtain parts. 1.1 Single operation dies
single operation dies
A die that completes only one stamping operation in one stroke of the press. 1.2 Compound dies
Compound dies
A die that has only one position and completes two or more stamping sequences at the same time in one stroke of the press. 1.a Progressive dies
Progressive dies
A die that has more than two positions in the feeding direction of the strip and completes two or more stamping sequences at different positions in one stroke of the press.
1.4 Opening dies
A die that has no guide device between the upper and lower dies. 1.5 Guide plate dies
Guide plate dies
A die that is guided by a guide plate between the upper and lower dies. 1.6 Guide pillar dies
Guide pillar dies
A die that is guided by a guide pillar or guide sleeve between the upper and lower dies. 1.7 Universal dies
Universal dies
Through adjustment, a die of the same type can be used to produce different parts within a certain range. 1.8 Special purpose dies
dies for special purpose
A die used specifically for punching a specified part and completing a specific process. Automatic dies
automatic dies
A die whose feeding, discharging and waste removal are all completed by automatic devices. 1.10 Combined dies
combined dies
Approved by the National Bureau of Standards on February 29, 1988
Implementation on September 1, 1988
GB8846—88
When working, it is only used to punch a certain part, but after the parts on the die are disassembled and assembled, different dies can be formed, which can be used for different processes or for punching different parts.
1.11 Simple die
low-cost dies
It has simple structure, short manufacturing cycle, low cost, and is suitable for small batch production or trial production. Rubber die
rubber-dies
It is a simple die whose working part is made of rubber. 1.11.2 Steel rule dies
It is a simple die whose cutting edge is made of hardened steel strip and embedded in the die body made of birch laminate, low melting point alloy or plastic. 1.11.3 Low-melting point alloys dies
Low-'melting point alloys dies The working part is a simple die made of low-melting point alloy. 1.11.4 Zinc based dies
zinc based dies
It is a simple die whose working part is made of zinc-based alloy. 1.11.5 Laminated dies
It is a simple die made of thin steel plate for the concave die, fixing plate and unloading plate. 1.12 Blanking dies
Blanking dies
A die used to separate sheet metal to obtain a flat blank or product of the desired shape and size. 1.12.1 Blanking dies
Blanking dies
A die used to separate a product or blank from sheet metal along a closed wheel. 1.12.2 Piercing dies
Piercing dies
A die used to separate waste material from a blank or sheet metal along a closed contour to obtain a product with a hole. Trimming dies
Trimming dies
A die used to cut off the excess edge material of a formed product. 1.12.4 Notching dies
A die used to separate waste material from the inner and outer edges of a blank or semi-finished product along an open wheel. 1.12.5 Lancing dies A die that cuts part of a sheet along an open contour and bends it downward. 1.12.6 Parting dies A die that cuts a semi-finished product into two or more parts along an open wheel. 1.12.7 Shaving dies A die that cuts off a layer of material along the outer edge or inner hole of a semi-finished product to improve the dimensional accuracy of the product and the smoothness of the blanked section. 1.12.8 Fine blanking dies GB 8845--88 A die that blanks the sheet under three-dimensional pressure to produce a product with no cracks or tears on the blanked surface and high dimensional accuracy. 1.12.9 Cutting-off dies
cutting-off dies
die to separate sheet metal along an open contour. 1.13 Bending dies
bending dies
die to bend a rough piece or semi-finished product along a bending line into a certain angle and shape. 1.13.1 Curling dies
curling dies
die to bend the end of a sheet metal into a nearly closed circle. 1.19.2 Twisting dies
twisting dies
die to give a rough piece a torque to twist it into a product or semi-finished product at a certain angle. 1.14 Drawing dies
die to draw and press a rough piece into a hollow body, or to draw and press a hollow body into a hollow body with a smaller shape without obvious changes in the sheet metal. 1.14.1 Reverse redrawing dies
Reverse redrawing dies
The punch applies reverse pressure from the bottom of the hollow blank obtained by initial drawing to complete the redrawing in the opposite direction of the initial drawing, so that the inner surface of the blank is turned into the outer surface, thereby forming a drawing die with a deeper part. 1.14.2 Ironing dies
The gap between the punch and the die is smaller than the wall thickness of the hollow blank, and the hollow blank is processed into a drawing die with a side wall thickness smaller than the wall thickness of the blank.
1.15 Forming dies
Forming dies
The die that causes local plastic deformation of the sheet metal and directly copies the forming shape of the punch and the die. 1.15.1 Bulging dies: A die that causes the inside of a hollow blank to undergo plastic deformation under biaxial tensile stress to obtain a convex-shaped product. 1.15.2 Sizing dies: A die that corrects a product to an accurate shape and size. 1.15.3 Necking dies: A die that reduces the radial size of the end of a hollow blank or a tubular blank. 1.15.4 Flaring dies: A die that expands the radial size of the end of a hollow blank or a tubular blank. 1.15.5 Flanging dies
flanging dies
GB 884560
A forming die that turns up the edge of the flat or curved part of the rough along a certain curve to form a vertical straight edge. 1.15.6 Burring dies
A forming die that punches out the edge of a vertical hole on a semi-finished product with a pre-made hole or a sheet material without a hole. 1.16 Cold extrusion dies
cold extruding dies
A die that causes the metal rough to undergo plastic deformation under the pressure of the punch through the die at room temperature, causing the metal material to undergo volume transfer and be extruded.
1.16.1 Forward extrusion dies
Forward extruding dies
An extrusion die in which the flow direction of the metal is the same as the movement direction of the punch during extrusion. 1.16.2 Backward extruding dies
Backward extruding dies
During extrusion, the metal flows in the opposite direction to the direction of the punch. 1.16.3 Compound extruding dies
Compound extruding dies
During extrusion, the metal flows in the same direction as the punch, while the other part flows in the opposite direction.
Radial extruding dies
Radial extruding dies
During extrusion, the metal flows in the radial direction under the pressure of the punch. 2 Die parts
2.1 Die sets
Die sets
A combination of upper and lower die bases, guide pins and guide sleeves. Die sets with spring guide plate
Die sets with upper and lower dies guided by guide plates. 2.1.2 Back pillar (post) sets
Back pillar (post) sets
Two guide pillars and guide sleeves are installed on the back side of the upper and lower die bases. 2.1.3 Diagonal pillar (post) sets
Dia gonal pillar (post) sets
Two guide pillars and guide sleeves are installed on the diagonal center lines of the upper and lower die bases. 2.1.4 Center pillar (post) sets
Two guide pillars and guide sleeves are installed on the left and right center lines of the upper and lower die bases. 2.1.5 Fine blanking die sets
Fine blanking die sets with good rigidity and high guiding accuracy for fine blanking. 2.1.6 Sliding guide die sets
Sliding guide die sets
The lower die is guided by the relative sliding of the guide pillars and guide sleeves. 2.1:7 Rolling guide die sets
GB 8845—88
Anti-friction bearing die sets Dies with steel balls (or rollers) rolling along the cylindrical surface installed between the guide column and the guide sleeve. 2.1.8 Universal die sets
Universal die sets
Dies with different orders can be completed by replacing the punch, die and positioning parts to punch a variety of parts. 2.2 Working elements
Working elements
Parts of the die that directly punch the rough and sheet materials. 2.2.1 Punch
Working parts in the die that are contained by the parts or materials during the punching process. 2.2.2 Matrix
Matrix
Working parts that cooperate with the punch to directly separate or form the parts during the punching process. 2.2.3 Punch-matrix A working part that has both the functions of a punch and a die in a compound die. 2.2.4 Insert A local working part that is manufactured separately from the main body and is embedded in the main body working part. 2.2.5 Section A part that is manufactured separately to form a die or a punch. 2.2.6 Flexible dies Flexible dies A die that uses a flexible material such as liquid, gas, rubber, etc. as a punch (die). 2.3 Locating elements Locating elements Parts that determine the correct position of a strip or rough part in the die. 2.3.1 Locating pin Locating pin (gauge pin) A pin that blocks the side of the strip, rough part, and the periphery of the semi-finished product to ensure its correct positioning. 2.3.2 Lucating plate Lucating plate Blocks the side of the strip, rough and the periphery of the semi-finished product to ensure the correct positioning of the plate-like parts. 2.3.3 Stop pin Stop pin Positioning pin that limits the feeding distance of the strip or coil. 2.3.4 Pilot pin During punching, it is inserted into the pre-punched hole to guide the position of the sheet, ensure the relative position of the hole and the shape, and eliminate the feeding error. 2.3.5 Stock guide rail Stock guide rail GB8845-88 Guides the side of the strip or coil to ensure the correct feeding direction of the plate. 2.8.6 Pitch punch In the progressive die, it is used to limit the feeding distance of the strip. A punch that punches a notch of a certain shape on the side of the strip. 2.8.7 Stop block for piteh punch
A plate component that bears the lateral pressure of the strip on the fixed-distance side blade and acts as a stopper. 2.3.8 Die stop
(side key)
A key embedded in the die base to support the punch, die or cutting edge that is subjected to lateral force during punching. 2.3.9 Finger stop pin (block)
In a progressive die, a stopper pin (block) is used when the strip starts to feed. 2.3,.10 Side - push plate
Side - push plate
A side - push plate that presses the strip between the two guide plates to the guide plate on one side, eliminates the gap between the guide plate and the strip, and ensures that the strip is fed correctly.
2.3.11 Limit block (post)
Limited block (post)
A block (column) part that limits the stamping stroke and depth during the stamping process. 2.4 Elements for clamping and stripping 2.4.1 Stripper plate
Stripper plate
A plate part used to remove the workpiece or waste material from the clamp on the punch or the punch and die. 2.4.2 Ejector
A block part that pushes the workpiece or waste material out of the die (mounted on the upper die). 2.4.3 Ejector pin
A rod part used to push out the workpiece or waste material.
2.4.4Ejector plate
Ejector plate
A plate that transmits thrust between the punch rod and the tie rod. 2.4.5Tie rod
Ejector tie rod
A rod that connects the ejector plate and the ejector block and transmits thrust. 2.4.6Knock out pin
A rod that passes through the die handle hole and transmits the force of the punch rod crossbeam on the press slide to the ejector plate. 2.4.7Kicker
A block that ejects the workpiece or waste from the die (mounted on the lower die). 2.4.8Kicker pin
A rod that transmits force to the ejector block.
2.4.9 Stripper bolt
Stripper bolt.
GB 8845—88
A screw that connects the stripper plate and adjusts the stripper plate's stripper stroke. 2.4.10 Tie rod
Tie rod
In cold extrusion dies and drawing dies, a rod fixed to the upper die seat that transmits the die opening force to the rod through the support plate. 2.4.11 Pressure pin (cushion pin)
A rod connected to the ejector that transmits force and motion to the pressure plate, blank holder or stripper plate. 2.4.12 Supporting plate
Supporting plate (pressure plate)A plate installed under the lower die seat that transmits the elastic force of the ejector or the tension of the tie rod to the ejector and the support rod. 2.4.13 Scrap cutter
A part that cuts the material during the pressing process. 2.4.14 Cushion
A device that is installed below the lower die or the lower die seat and uses air pressure, oil pressure, spring, rubber to apply upward force to the blank holder or the ejector block through the supporting plate, supporting rod, and ejector rod. 2.4.15 Stock supporting plate
A plate that is connected to the die or the guide plate and supports the strip material before it enters the die. 2.4.16Pressure plate
Pressure plate
A movable plate that presses the sheet material against the punch or die during blanking, bending and forming. 2.4.17Blank holder
A part that presses the rough edge in a drawing die or forming die to adjust the resistance to material flow and prevent wrinkling. 2.4.18Serrated ring
Serrated ring
In a fine stamping die, a toothed strong pressure ring is used to create a strong three-dimensional compressive stress state to prevent the sheet material from sliding away from the punching layer and tearing on the punching surface.
2.5Guide elements
Guide elements
Parts used to determine the relative position of the upper and lower dies and ensure the accuracy of motion guidance. 2.5.1 Guide pillars (guide posts) Coordinated with guide sleeves (or holes) installed on the other die base to determine the relative position of the upper and lower dies and ensure the cylindrical zero of the motion guide accuracy.
2.5.2 Guide hushes
GB B845—88
A round sleeve-shaped part that cooperates with guide pillars installed on the other die base to determine the relative position of the upper and lower dies and ensure the motion guide accuracy.
Guide plate
A plate that slides with the punch and guides the punch movement during the stamping process. 2.5.4 Slide plate
Slide plate
A hardened plate or a plate embedded with lubricating material used to correct the relative position relationship between the components inside the upper die or the lower die in large forming and drawing dies.
2.5.5 Wear plate
wear plate
A hardened plate or a plate with lubricating material embedded in the sliding surface of the parts that produce relative movement in the die. 2.5.6 Spring guide plate
spring guide plate
In the spring guide plate die, it protects and guides the punch, and uses elastic parts to unload and press the material. Ball retainer
It is a sleeve with multiple through holes. Steel balls or rollers are installed at the through holes of the sleeve, and the steel balls or rollers are located between the guide post and the guide sleeve.
2.5.8 Stopper
retainer
A part that limits the retainer to the guide post or in the guide sleeve. 2.6 Retaining elements
Retaining elements
Parts that fix the punch and die to the upper and lower dies, and the upper and lower dies to the press. 2.6.1 Punch halder (upper shoe)
Part of the die base used to support all parts of the upper die. 2.6.2 Die holder (low shoe)
Part of the die base used to support all parts of the lower die. 2.6.3 Punch plate
Punch plate
Plate used to mount and fix the punch.
2.6.4 Matrix plate
Plate used to mount and fix the matrix.
2.6.5 Backing plate
Backing plate
A plate added between the punch, die and die base to bear and distribute the stamping load. 2.6.6 Shank
A connecting part that makes the center line of the die coincide with the center line of the press and fixes the upper die to the slide of the press. Floating shank
Self-centering shank
A shank that can automatically center.
2.7 Other parts
2.7.1 Oblique die
Cam driver
Parts used to change the direction of movement.
2.7.2 Slide block
Slide block
GB 8845-88
Parts that change the direction of movement by matching with the oblique fit and reciprocating along the changed direction. 3 Die design terms
9.1 Blanking clearance
Blanking clearance
The distance between the cutting edges of the male and female dies.
3.2 Die shut height
Die shut height.
When the die is closed in the working position, the distance from the lower surface of the lower die seat to the upper surface of the upper die seat. 3.3 Shut height of press machine
When the press slide is at the bottom dead center, the distance from the lower end surface of the slide to the upper surface of the press workbench is called the shut height of the press. The shut height when the connecting rod is adjusted to the shortest is the maximum shut height of the press. The shut height when the connecting rod is adjusted to the longest is the minimum shut height of the press. 3.4 Die life
Die life
The total number of parts that can be processed by the die from the beginning of use to the scrapping is called the die life. The number of parts that can be processed from the time of sharpening to the next sharpening of the die edge is called the sharpening life. 8.5 Center of pressure
center of load
The point of action of the resultant force of the punching pressure.
3.6 Center of die
center of die
The geometric center of the die.
9.7 Pressing direction
pressing direction
The direction of the punching pressure.
3.8 Feeding direction
feed direction
The direction in which the blank or strip enters the die.
3.9 Blank layout
The arrangement of parts on the sheet or strip. 3.10 Overlap
GB 8846--88
The excess material between parts and between parts and strip (plate) edges during layout. 8.11 Feed pitch
The distance that the processed strip or part moves in the feeding direction in each process in a progressive die. 8.12
Trimming allawance
The size of the excess material to be removed from the edge of a semi-finished part after stretching or forming. 3.18 BurrwwW.bzxz.Net
The vertical pointed protrusion produced on the shear section. 8.14 Blanking force
The pressure required for blanking.
3.15 Bending force
bending force
The pressure required for bending.
8.16 Drawing force
drawing force
The pressure used during drawing.
9.17 Extruding force
extruding force
The pressure required during extrusion.
8.18 Stripping force
stripping force
The force required to remove the workpiece or waste from the punch or punch-die. 3.19 Ejection force
ejectink force
The force required to push the workpiece or waste out of the die in the direction of blanking. 3.20 Kicking force
kicking force
The force used to push the workpiece out of the die hole in the opposite direction of blanking. Pressure-plate force
pressure-plate-force
The force required to press the material.
3.22 Blank hoider force
blank hoider force
The force exerted by the blank holder on the sheet or blank. 3.28 Blank
Sheet (rod) material that has been blanked or cut for further processing. 3.24 Neutral plane
Neutral plane
Metal layer with zero tangential stress or zero tangential strain in the bending deformation zone. 3.25 Bending angle
bending angle
GB 8845—88
The angle at which the blank is bent at the end of the bending process, that is, the supplementary angle of the straight edge angle of the bent workpiece. 3.26 Bend line
bending line
The bending deformation of the blank of the sheet metal occurs along the base straight line or curve, which is called the bending line. 3.27 Springback
spring back
The elastic recovery phenomenon of the workpiece after the bending and forming process is completed and the external load is removed and the workpiece leaves the mold. 3.28 Relative bending radius
relative bending radius
The ratio of the bending radius of the bent workpiece to the thickness of the sheet. 3.29 Bending radius
hending radius
The radius of curvature on the inside of the bent part.
8.80 Minimum bending radius
minimtmbendingradius
The bending radius when the outermost fiber of the sheet material is pulled apart during bending. Blank length of bends
The sum of the length of the straight part of the bent part and the length of the strain neutral layer of the bent part. 3.32 Drawing coefficient
The ratio of the diameter of the drawn part to its rough diameter. The minimum tensile coefficient that ensures that the dangerous section is not torn is called the limit tensile coefficient. 3.33 Drawing ratio
drawing ratio
The reciprocal of the drawing coefficient.
3.34 Drawing times
drawing numbers
The number of times the part is stretched and formed due to the limitation of the limit tensile coefficient. 3.35
Extruding ratio
extruding ratio
The ratio of the rough cross-sectional area of ​​the extruded part to the cross-sectional area of ​​the part. 3. 36 Necking coefficient
necking coefficient
Indicates the value of the degree of deformation of the pipe mouth after the diameter is reduced to the diameter before the diameter is reduced. 3.37 Flaring coefficient
Flaring coefficient
Indicates the value of the degree of deformation of the pipe mouth after the diameter is reduced to the diameter before the diameter is reduced. 3.38 Bulging coefficient
bulging coefficient
indicates the value of the deformation degree of the sheet during bulging, that is, the ratio of the maximum true diameter after bulging to the rough diameter. 3. 39
burring coefficient
GB 8845-88
indicates the deformation degree during burring, that is, the ratio of the hole diameter before and after burring. Minimum diameter of piercing
minimum diameter of piercingThe diameter of the smallest hole that can be punched out of a sheet of a certain thickness. Corner radius
radius
The corner radius on the cross section of a box-shaped part
3.42 Relative corner radius
relative radius
The ratio of the corner radius of a box-shaped part to its width. 3. 43 Relative height
relative height
Ratio of the height to the width of a box-shaped part.
3.44 Relative thickness
relative thickness
Ratio of the thickness of the blank to its diameter.
4 Structural elements of circular punches
4.1 Head
punch head
The cylindrical part of the punch that is larger than the diameter of the rod (see ① in Figure 1). 4.2 Rod
The part of the punch that matches the hole on the fixed plate (see ③ in Figure 1) 4.3 Cutting edge
The front end of the punch that directly processes the blank or sheet material to form a hole of the desired shape and size (see Figure 1). 4.4 Punch head thickness
The thickness of the head (see ② in Figure 1).
.5 Head diameter
punch head diameter
The maximum diameter of the cylindrical head or the conical head (see ③ in Figure 1). 4.6 Connection radius
radius
The radius of the arc used to connect the rod diameter and the head diameter in order to prevent stress concentration at the sharp corners (see ④ in Figure 1). 4.7 Punch corner radius
punch radius
The radius of the corner transition from the working end face of the punch (bending die and drawing die) to the side face. 4.8 Shank diameter
shank diameter
The diameter of the shank that matches the hole of the punch fixing plate (see ③ in Figure 1).7 Punch corner radius
punch radius
The radius of the corner transition from the working end face of the punch (bending die and drawing die) to the side face. 4.8 Shank diameter
shank diameter
The diameter of the shank that matches the hole of the punch fixing plate (see ③ in Figure 1).7 Punch corner radius
punch radius
The radius of the corner transition from the working end face of the punch (bending die and drawing die) to the side face. 4.8 Shank diameter
shank diameter
The diameter of the shank that matches the hole of the punch fixing plate (see ③ in Figure 1).
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