GB 18209.3-2002 Safety instructions, signs and operations of machinery Part 3: Requirements for the location and operation of operating parts
Some standard content:
ICS 13. 110
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB18209.3-2002/IEC61310-3:1999 Safety of machinery--Indication, marking and actuationPart 3:Requirements for the location and operation of actuators(IEC 61310-3:1999,IDT）
Published on October 1, 2002
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China
Implementation on October 1, 2003
Chapter 4 and Chapter 5 of this part are mandatory provisions, and the rest are recommended provisions. GB18209.3-2002/IEC61310-3:1999 This part is equivalent to the international standard IEC61310-3:1999 "Machinery Safety Instructions, Signs and Operations Part 3: Requirements for the Location and Operation of Operating Parts". The technical content is equivalent to the international standard and the writing rules are basically the same. GB18209, under the general title of "Machinery Safety Instructions, Signs and Operations", includes the following three parts: - Part 1: Requirements for visual, auditory and tactile signals (GB18209.1-2000); Part 2: Sign requirements (GB18209.2-2000); Part 3: Requirements for the location and operation of operating parts (GB18209.3-2002). Appendix A and Appendix B of this part are informative appendices. This part was proposed by the China Machinery Industry Federation. This part is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Industrial Machinery Electrical Systems. Drafting unit of this part: Beijing Machine Tool Research Institute. The main drafters of this part are: Sun Juan, Huang Lin, Huang Zuguang. 123
GB 18209. 3—2002/IEC 61310-3:1999IEC Foreword
1) IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) is a world standardization organization composed of national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The purpose of IEC is to promote international cooperation on all issues related to standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. For this purpose and other activities, IFC publishes international standards. The formulation of standards is entrusted to technical committees, and any IEC National Committee that is interested in the subject may participate in its formulation. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations that have ties with IEC may also participate in the formulation of standards. IEC and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) work closely together under the terms agreed upon by the two organizations. 2) IFC resolutions or agreements on technical issues are formulated by technical committees attended by representatives of all national committees that are particularly concerned with these issues, and express international consensus on the issues as much as possible. 3) The document is published in the form of a standard, technical report or guide for international use in a recommended manner and is accepted by the National Committees in this sense.
4) In order to promote international unification, IEC National Committees have the responsibility to apply IEC International Standards to their national and regional standards to the greatest extent possible. Any differences between IEC standards and their corresponding national or regional standards should be clearly stated in the national or regional standards.
5) IEC does not provide a marking method to indicate approval for any equipment claiming to comply with IEC standards, nor is it responsible for it. 6) It should be noted that some elements in this international standard may be subject to patent conditions. IFC will not be responsible for confirming any or all such patents.
International Standard IEC601310-3 was prepared by IFC/TC44: Machinery Safety Electrotechnical Technical Committee. It originated from the document PrEN50099-3 initiated by Technical Committee 44X of CENELEC (European Committee for Standardization) and developed in cooperation with Technical Committee 114 of CEN (European Committee for Standardization).
This part can be used as a reference standard for mechanical product series standards or special product standards specified by ISO and 1EC technical committees. For machinery without product series standards or special product standards, machinery suppliers can also adopt the technical requirements of this part. Where there are product series standards or special product standards, they shall be adopted first. The text of this part is based on the following documents:
44/246/FDIS
Voting report
44/249/RVD
Full information on the approval of this part can be found in the voting report shown in the table above. IEC61310 has the general title "Safety of machinery - Indications, marking and operation" and consists of the following parts under the general title: Part 1: Requirements for visual, auditory and tactile signals; Part 2: Marking requirements;
Part 3: Requirements for the location and operation of operating parts. Annexes 2 and B are provided for information only. 124
1 Scope
GB18209.3---2002/IEC61310-3:1999 Safety of machinery - Indications, marking and operation
Part 3: Requirements for the location and operation of operating parts
This part specifies the requirements for the use of hands or human hands at the human-machine interface. Safety requirements for operating parts that operate other parts of the body. This part specifies the following general requirements:
General orientation of the movement of operating parts:
--Arrangement of an operating part relative to other operating parts; Correlation between the action and its final effect. This part is based on IEC60447, but is also applicable to non-electrotechnical processes, such as machinery and fluid power systems. This part applies to single operating parts and groups of operating parts that constitute component parts. 2 Normative references
The provisions in the following documents become the provisions of this part through reference to this part of GB18209. For any dated referenced document, all subsequent amendments (excluding errata) or revisions are not applicable to this part, however, parties to an agreement based on this part are encouraged to study whether the latest versions of these documents can be used. For any undated referenced document, the latest version applies to this part.
GB/T 5226.1 #
Machinery safety - Electrical equipment of machinery - Part 1: General technical requirements (GB5226.1--2002, IEC 60204-1:2000, IDT)
GB/T15706.1---1995
TR 12100-1:1992)
GB/T 15706. 2-1995
TR 12100-2:1992)
Machinery safety basic concepts and general principles for design - Part 1: Basic terms and methodology (eqvIS()/Machinery safety
Basic concepts and general principles for design - Part 2: Technical principles and specifications (eqvISO/GB 18209. 1—2000
Safety of machinery - Instructions, signs and operations - Part 1: Requirements for visual, auditory and tactile signals (idt 1EC 61310-1:1995)
GB18209.2—2000 Safety of machinery - Instructions, signs and operations - Part 2: Signing requirements (idtIEC61310-2:1995) 1EC60073:1996 General principles for basic safety of human-machine interfaces, signs and indications - Principles for coding of indicators and operating elements IEC60447:1993 Principles of operation of human-machine interfaces (MMI) EN894-2:1997 Safety of machinery - Ergonomic requirements for the design of displays and operating elements - Part 2: Displays 3 Definitions
In addition to the definitions adopted in GB18209.1--2000 and GB18209.2--2000, the following definitions apply to this part. Action action
The movement of a part of the human body (e.g. finger, hand, foot) required to manipulate an operating element. 125
GB 18209. 3--2002/IEC 61310-3: 1999 Final effect final effect
The intended result required to be achieved by the operator when performing an operation. 4 General requirements
This standard should be considered in the early stages of mechanical design and should be applied in an explicit manner throughout the mechanical assembly process. Consideration should be given to the intended application of the machine and to the constraints imposed by the machine's geometric orientation and the operator's position, skills, posture and viewing direction (see 4.2.2 of GB18209.1-2000). See GB/T14777. Operating elements should be:
clearly identifiable (see GB18209.1-2000 and IEC60073); - appropriately marked (see GB18209.2-2000); designed to ensure safe and timely operation (see IEC60447); - selected and designed in accordance with relevant ergonomic principles (see EN894-2); designed and selected to withstand the expected environment and conditions of use; designed to avoid foreseeable wear and tear during use. The layout of the operating parts should be such that:
they are outside the danger zone, with the exception of those operating parts that must be placed in the danger zone, such as emergency stop, teaching pendant devices, etc. (see 3.7.8 in GB/T 15706.2--1995); the operation cannot cause additional danger;
the operator can determine that the final effect has been achieved (directly or through feedback/response devices); according to Chapter 5, the action of the operating part is consistent with its final effect (see IEC60447 for more detailed information); - avoid mirror-symmetric layout of the panel.
In any case, the position of the start operating element should be such that the operator can see the control element when operating it (see 3.7.8 in GB/T 15706.2-1995). Note: For the machine or process to be started, pay attention to the audible and/or visual warning signals, see 3.6.7 in GB/T15706.1-1995. The stop operating element should be placed close to each start operating element. Where the start/stop function is performed by a hold-to-run operating device. If the failure of the hold-to-run operating element to transmit the stop command when the hand is released may cause danger, a separate stop operating element should be configured (see 3.7.8 in GB/T15706.2-1995). The operating elements should be logically combined according to their operational or functional relationship to control a process, a machine or a set of equipment (see IEC60447).
When operated, the operating element should not cause the equipment to enter an uncertain or dangerous state. Accidental operation of the operating element may cause dangerous situations and should be avoided as much as possible. If necessary, one or more of the following structural measures should be adopted: - recessed or covered operating parts;
- increase the operating force of the operating parts;
use locking devices;
operating parts are placed in places where they cannot be accidentally bumped; - use a group of operating parts that need to be acted in sequence; - use a two-hand control device (see ISO13851); use enabling devices.
When the action is indirectly triggered (for example, using a keyboard), the operation to be performed should be clearly displayed and the operator should be given clear operation confirmation (visual and auditory feedback) (see 3.6.6 in GB/T15706.2-1995). When it comes to high-demand safety functions, when the operator's vision is completely occupied or the visibility conditions are limited, the position of the operating parts should be easy to identify by touch (see GB18209.1-2000 for specific requirements on touch). 126
5 Actions and effects
NOTE: For additional information see FN 894-2. 5.1 Principles
GB 18209.3--2002/1EC 61310-3:1999 For a machine intended for a user, the correlation between the action applied to the operator and the final effect is significant. This correlation is divided into two categories based on the action and the final effect. Intermediate results leading to final effects are not considered in this standard. NOTE: As an example, for a variable speed drive, the final effect caused by the action is the speed of operation, which is caused by the action, not by the output command of the data processing unit, nor by the change of the field regulator. 5.2 Final effects
The final effects caused by the action can generally be divided into two relative categories. For final effects that cannot be divided according to the increase/decrease effect, such as test, assistance, enabling devices, etc., the arrangement recommendations for these operators should still follow the general requirements given in clause 4. The different types of effects shown in Table 1 (derived from Table A.2 of IEC 60447:1993) can be divided into two groups. Table 1 Classification of final effects
Nature of effect
Change of physical quantity (voltage, current, power, speed, frequency, temperature, light intensity, pressure, flow, force, sound level, etc.) Change of condition
Motion of controlled object relative to
its cardinal axis
Operator
5.3 Action
Value-added
Put into operation
Open valve
Forward (away from operator)
Actions (see Table 2 and Appendix A) can also be divided into two categories based on the following two points: Final effect caused
Value-added
Out of operation
Close valve
Backward (toward operator)
Direction of movement when an operator has two operating directions, then the action is the related movement of a part of the body; a group of operators with only a single operating direction (such as rising) produces only one final effect, and any given operator has a fixed position in the group. Then the action is the movement of a part of the human body towards a given operating element. The classification into Class 1 and Class 2 (see Table 2) by the nature of the action is based on: the direction of the action; the point of application of the action. Table 2 (equivalent to Table A.1 in IEC60447:1993) shows how the actions are classified according to the different types and arrangements of operating elements, and Appendix A (equivalent to Appendix B in IEC60447:1993) gives examples of single-function operating elements. 127 GB 18209. 3—2002/IEC 61310-3: 1999 Types of operating parts
Handwheels, handles, knobs
Handles with basically linear motion,
Joysticks, push-pull buttons, etc.
Types of operating parts groups
Having opposite effects
Handles, push buttons, pull rods, pull rods
One on top of the other,
One beside the other
Types of operating parts
Nature of action
Vertical motion
Front-to-backb
Nature of action
|Pressing, pulling, etc.
Nature of action
Table 2 Classification of action
Clockwise
Away from the operator
Operating element acting above
Operating element acting to the right
Direction of action
Counterclockwise
Towards the operator
Point of action
Classification of action
Movement and controller of VIDT (buttons) with XY-VIDU
Sensitive (surface) area
Type of key
For additional information, see IEC 60447.
Direction and point of application of action:
Not classified
As far as the scope of application is concerned, the provisions given in Table 2 apply to other groups of operating elements. b
Correlation between action and final effect
A Category 1 operation should result in a Category 1 final effect.
A Category 2 operation should result in a Category 2 final effect.
For example:
a) Clockwise rotation of the handwheel results in an increase in speed; b) Leftward movement of the joystick results in leftward movement of the object; c) The movement of the joystick is in the same direction as the intended movement of the controlled object Category 2
Operating element acting below
Operating element acting to the left
When the relative position of the operator to the machine changes (particularly in the case of moving machines and/or remotely controlled portable operating element groups), the direction of movement of the machine may become unclear. Appropriate signs corresponding to the symbols and/or colors on or near the operating elements should be affixed to or near the moving parts of the machine.
When the established practice does not conform to the above principles due to special reasons (see Notes 1 and 2), then: the direction of movement of the human body part and the resulting final effect should be given on or near the operating part; - In order to make this practice conform to the requirements of (standard), it should be achieved by changing the type of operating part used (for example, changing from a joystick to a button). If the type of operating part is not suitable for change, the operator should receive special training. Note 1: Such special reasons may include these situations: there is already a very real expectation from the user that this type of special operating part should continue to be effective. Special reasons also include these situations: it is technically difficult to maintain the correlation between operation and final effect. For example, fluid control valves usually rotate clockwise to reduce flow. Note 2: For technical requirements for special types and special uses of operating parts, see IFC60447, for example: - Raise and lower with a joystick;
Push-pull button;
Foot-operated operating parts.
GB 18209. 3-2002/IEC 61310-3:1999Many types of operators have a special position reserved for the stop effect. This position should be set as follows:For an operator that continuously controls a linear or angular motion from a stop, the stop position should be at the leftmost, bottom a)
end of the motion, or the end of the counterclockwise motion.
For an operator that continuously controls two opposite linear or angular motions from a stop, the stop position should be placed in the middle of the stroke b)
.
For a group of operators, each of which is given a final effect and has the same operating direction, the stop device should be placed at the leftmost, bottom end of the group of operators.
When a group of operating parts triggers opposite effects, the stop operating part should be placed in the middle of the group of operating parts. Note: The requirements for emergency stop operating parts are shown in GB/T5226.1, 1EC60947-5-5 and GB16754-1997.129
GB18209.3-2002/IEC61310-3:1999 Appendix A
(Informative Appendix)
Typical examples of single-function operating parts
A.1 Types of operating parts
A.1.1 Overview
Table A.1 shows typical examples of operating parts. The arrows in each figure indicate the classification of the role that causes the final effect (refer to Table 2). The operating direction is determined by the person standing at the operating position facing the operating part. The operating position of each figure in the table is indicated by the position of the figure number. A.1.2 Rotation
If a rotary handle is provided with an angle indicator, its movement is always considered as a rotational movement (see Figure 15 of Table A.1). Movement from one of the three principal axes to another is a rotational movement as shown in Figure 13 of Table A.1. A.1.3 Linear movement
Movement nearly parallel to a principal axis, i.e. a movement equally distributed at both ends of another axis, is considered as a linear movement when the total permissible angular movement does not exceed 120° (see Figures 22, 23, 24, 32, 33, 34, 42, 43 and 44 of Table A.1). When the angular displacement is small (see Figures 21, 31, 41 and 51 of Table A.1), or when only a small part of the outer circumference of the rotary operating part is accessible, such as a handwheel with a housing or a knob resting in a groove (see Figures 25 and 35 of Table A.1), the operating part is considered to have a linear movement. Table A.1 Examples of directions of movement of some types of operating parts The operator is considered to be in the position of the figure number. In each figure, the arrow corresponds to a Class 1 operation. Rotation
Vertical movement
Horizontal movement
Right--left
Combinations of different directions
Operation component groups
See A.1.3 for the permissible movement angle of the handle.
Appendix BwwW.bzxz.Net
(Informative Appendix)
Art Examination Documents
GB18209.3-2002/IEC61310-3:1999GB/T14777-—1993
3Geometric orientation and direction of movement (neqIS01503:1977)GB16754—1997 Design principles for emergency stop for mechanical safety (eqvISO/IEC13850:1995)IEC60947-5-5:1997 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear Part 5: Electronic emergency stop device with mechanical locking function for control circuit devices and switching elements
ISO13851 Safety of machinery
Two-hand control device
Functional characteristics and design principles
With mechanical
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