This standard specifies the special terms for lightning arresters. This standard is mainly used for the formulation of standards, the preparation of technical documents, the translation of professional manuals, teaching materials, books and periodicals, etc. GB/T 2900.12-1989 Electrical terminology Lightning arrester GB/T2900.12-1989 Standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net

National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Electrical terminology
Lightning arrester
Electrotechnical terminologySurge arrester
GB 2900.12--89
Replaces G 2900.1283
This standard refers to and adopts the international electrotechnical standards IEC99-1 "Lightning arrester Part 1: Valve type lightning arrester for AC system" (1970 edition) and IEC99-2 Lightning arrester Part 2: Exhaust type lightning arrester\ (1962 edition). 1 Subject content and scope of application
This standard specifies the special terms of lightning arrester. This standard is mainly used for formulating standards, compiling technical documents, translating professional manuals, teaching materials, books and periodicals, etc.
2 Basic terms
2.1 Lightning arrester
Overvoltage limiter surge arrester
It is an overvoltage limiter. When overvoltage occurs, the voltage between the two terminals of the arrester does not exceed the specified value, so that the electrical equipment is protected from overvoltage damage; after the overvoltage occurs, the system can quickly return to normal. 2.2 Valve type surge arrester non-linear resistor type surge arrester A surge arrester composed of a non-linear resistor or a non-linear resistor connected in series (or in parallel) with a discharge gap, including silicon carbide and metal oxide arresters.
2.3 Silicon carbide valve type surge arrester siliconcarbidevalvetype surge arrester An arrester composed of a silicon carbide non-linear resistor connected in series with a discharge gap. The arrester composed of silicon carbide nonlinear resistor and non-magnetic blowout gap in series is a common valve arrester, the arrester composed of magnetized silicon nonlinear resistor and magnetic blowout gap in series is a magnetic blowout valve arrester, 2.4 Metal oxide arrester metal oxidc surgc arrester The arrester composed of metal oxide resistors in series and (or) in parallel with or without a discharge gap, including metal oxide arresters without gaps and with series and parallel gaps.
2.5 Surgearresterwithoutgaps The arrester composed of only nonlinear resistors in series and (or) in parallel, without parallel or in series discharge gaps. 2.6 Surgearrester with serieagaps The arrester composed of nonlinear resistors in series with discharge gaps. 2.7 Surgearrester with shuntgaps The arrester composed of nonlinear resistors in parallel with discharge gaps. 2.8 Expulsion-type surge arrester An arrester that uses the gas generated by the contact between the arc in the gray arc chamber and the gas-producing material to cut off the continuous current. Approved by the Ministry of Machinery and Electronics Industry of the People's Republic of China on March 25, 1989 and implemented on January 1, 1990
2.9 Discharge counter GB 2900.12-89
A device that records the number of actions (discharges) of the arrester. 3.1 Basic parts
3.1.1 Unit of an arrester An assembled complete arrester component that can be connected in series and/or in parallel with other components to form an arrester with a higher rated voltage and/or a higher nominal discharge current.
3.1.2 Proportional unit of an arrester A component of an arrester assembled as required. For a specific test, it must be able to represent the characteristics of the entire arrester. Its spark gap and (or) non-linear resistor are proportional to the entire arrester. The proportional unit of an arrester is not necessarily a component of the arrester. 3.1.3 Non-linear resistor of an arrester
A resistor with non-linear volt-ampere characteristics, which has a low resistance when overvoltage occurs, thereby limiting the voltage on the arrester, and a high resistance under normal power frequency voltage, which can limit the current through the arrester. 3:1.4 Series spark gap A single or multiple gaps formed by separating electrodes with an insulator and connected in series with the non-linear resistor of the arrester. 3.1.5 Parallel spark gap A spark gap connected in parallel with the non-linear resistor. 3.1.6 Magnetically blown spark-gap of an ariester A discharge gap that uses electromagnetic force to push the arc to improve the arc extinguishing ability of the arrester. 3.1.7 Internal grading system of an arrester A device that uses a dedicated grading capacitor, resistor and internal grading electrode to properly connect the discharge gap or nonlinear resistor of the arrester to make the voltage distribution on the discharge gap or nonlinear resistor of the arrester uniform. 3.1.8 Grading ring of an arrester A metal part of an arrester, usually in the shape of a ring. Used to improve the potential gradient or voltage distribution of the electrostatic field of the arrester. 3.1.9 Pressure-relief device of an arrester A device used to release the increased internal pressure caused by internal faults of the arrester to prevent the arrester from exploding. 3-1.10 Arrester disconnector of lightning arrester A device that disconnects the arrester lead from the system when the arrester fails to eliminate the continuous system fault and gives a visible sign of the faulty arrester. It does not have the ability to cut off the fault current, so it may not necessarily prevent the arrester from exploding. 3. 1.11 Rated voltage of att arrester The rated voltage of att arrester is the maximum allowable power frequency voltage effective value applied to the arrester terminals. The arrester designed according to this voltage can work correctly under the transient overvoltage determined in the specified action load test. It is an important parameter that indicates the operating characteristics of the arrester, but it is not equal to the rated voltage of the system.
3.1.12 Rated frequency of arrester The frequency of the power system in which the arrester can be used. 3.1.13 Discharge current of an arrester The impulse current passing through the arrester when the arrester is operated. 3.1.14 Nominal discharge current of an arrester The peak value of the discharge current with an 8/20 waveform used to classify the arrester grades (in kA). 3.1.15 Follow turrent of valve type arrester The current flowing through the arrester from the connected power source when or after the arrester is actuated. GB 2900.12—89
3. 1. 16 Residual voitage of an arrester Discharge vultage of an arrester The maximum voltage value between the terminals when the effective current passes through the arrester. 3.1.17 Lightning impuise current An impulse current with an 8/20 waveform. Due to the limitation of equipment adjustment, the actual measured value of the apparent wave front time is 7~~9 μs, and the wave tail half value time is 18~22 μs.
3.1.18 Switching current impulse of an arresting current is an impulse current with an apparent wavefront time greater than 30μs and less than 100μs, and an apparent half-peak time of the wave tail approximately twice the apparent wavefront time.
3.1.19 Rectangular impulse current rises rapidly to a maximum value, remains roughly constant within a specified time, and then rapidly drops to the maximum value. 3.1.20 Steep current impulse is an impulse current with a specified wavefront time of 1 s. 3.1.21 impulse current withstand capacity current impulse withstand discharge capacity impulse current carrying capacity
Under the specified waveform (square wave, lightning and line discharge, etc.), the ability of the nonlinear resistor to withstand the current passing through, expressed in the current amplitude and number.
3.1.22 operating duty test operating duty test is used to determine the ability of the device to reliably and repeatedly operate under specified conditions. The test simulating the action of lightning overvoltage is called the residual current impulse operation load test. The test simulating the action of switching overvoltage is called the operating overvoltage operation load test. 3.1.23 lightning impulse operation load test lightning operating duty test according to the specified test procedures and conditions, the test object is applied with the specified number and amplitude of the reserve power impulse current and the specified amplitude of the power supply voltage to assess the test object's tolerance. 3.1.24 switching impulse operation load test switching impulse operating duty test according to the specified test procedures and conditions, the test object is applied with the specified number and amplitude of the long-duration impulse current and the specified power supply voltage to assess the test object's tolerance. 3.1.25 Non-linear coefficient The volt-ampere characteristic of a non-linear resistor can generally be expressed by the following formula: U-CI or I =KU
Wherein: the voltage (peak value) of the non-linear resistor, V: the non-linear coefficient of the material;
9---1/a,
C——material constant;
K=(1/C)°
I——the current (peak value) through the resistor, kA. 3.1.26 Protective characteristics of lightning arresters Protective characteristics of lightning arresters are the characteristic values ​​that characterize the protective effect of lightning arresters. For lightning arresters with a gap, the following four items are presented: a. the arrester impulse discharge volt-second characteristic curve; b. the arrester residual voltage under the nominal effective current; c. the arrester operating impulse discharge volt-second characteristic curve; d. the arrester residual voltage under the operating impulse discharge current. For gapless metal oxide arresters, the protection characteristics are composed of the following parameters: a.
Residual voltage under steep wave impulse current:
Residual voltage under lightning impulse current:
Residual voltage under operating impulse current.
GB 2900. 12--89
3. 1. 27Protective range of an arresterThe maximum allowable length of the wire from the arrester to the protected equipment, within which the overvoltage on the protected equipment does not exceed the specified value.
3.1.28: Prospective currentThe current flowing through the conductor after the conductor with negligible impedance is short-circuited at a given point in the loop. 3.1.29Short-circuit power factorThe cosine of the phase difference between the prospective current (AC current) and the corresponding voltage (electromotive force) at the moment of the short circuit. ! 3.2 Sparkover voltage of an arrester The quotient obtained by dividing the peak value of the power-frequency voltage by 2 when the power-frequency sparkover voltage of an arrester is applied between the terminals of the arrester to cause all the series gaps of the arrester to break down and discharge.
3.2.3 Impulses sparkover voltage of an arrester The maximum voltage reached before the arrester discharges when an impulse voltage of a given waveform and polarity is applied to the arrester. 3.2.4 Front of wave impulse discharge voltage of lightning arrester When a surge voltage wave with a specified rise rate is applied to a lightning arrester with a series gap, the voltage value measured when the lightning arrester breaks down and discharges at the wave front,
3.2.5 Standard lightning impulse discharge voltage of lightning arrester Standard lightning impulse full wave voltage is applied to a lightning arrester with a series gap, and the minimum expected impulse voltage peak value that can cause the lightning arrester to discharge each time.
3.2.6 Pre-discharge time of lightning arrester Time from the apparent origin to the moment of lightning arrester discharge, expressed in microseconds. 3.2.7 Virtual stcepness of an impulse wave The ratio of the peak value of the impulse wave to its apparent wave front time. 3.2.8 Oblique wave linearly rising front impulse Impulse voltage that rises with an approximately constant steepness from the apparent origin to the test sample before the discharge is cut off. 3.2.9 Impulse spark overvoltage/timecurveof an arrester The relationship between the impulse breakdown discharge voltage and the pre-discharge time of an arrester. 3.2.10 Impulse factor of an arrester The ratio of the impulse discharge voltage of an arrester to the peak value of the power frequency discharge voltage. 3.2.11 Interruptive ratio of an arrester The ratio of the power frequency discharge voltage value of an arrester to its rated voltage. 3.2.12 Conductivity current of an arrester The current flowing through the arrester when a specified DC voltage is applied to an arrester with a series discharge interval and a voltage-equalizing resistor. 3.2.13 Leakage current of an arrester The current flowing through an arrester when a specified voltage is applied to an arrester with a series gap without a parallel resistor. 3.3 Unconnected arresters
3.3.1 Continuous current of an arrester
continuous current of an arrester. The current flowing through an arrester under continuous operating voltage, expressed as peak value or effective value. GB 2900.12-89
Note: The continuous current is composed of resistive and capacitive current components, which vary with the influence of temperature and stray capacitance. 3.3.2 Continuous operating voltage U of an arrester. Continuous operating voltage U of an arrester The effective value of the power-frequency voltage allowed to be permanently applied to the terminals of the arrester during operation. 3.3.3 Power-frequency reference current of an arrester The peak value of the resistive component of the rated current used to determine the power-frequency reference voltage of the arrester. The power-frequency reference current should be large enough so that the influence of stray capacitance on the reference voltage of the measured arrester can be ignored. 3.3.4 Power-frequency reference voltage of an arrester Urer power-frequency relerence yoltage of an arrester The maximum peak power-frequency voltage on the arrester measured under the power-frequency reference current divided by 2. 3.3.5 Direct-current reference current of an arrester The direct-current reference current of an arrester is a current value near the inflection point of its volt-ampere characteristic curve. This value is related to the material and size of the resistor, and its value is approximately 1~20 mA.
3.3.6 Direct-rurrent reference voltage of an arrester The voltage on the arrester measured under the direct-current reference current. 3.3.7 Resistive component of current Resistive component of current The peak value of the resistive component of the power-frequency current passing through the arrester, which is the part of the current determined by the resistance of the nonlinear resistor. 3.3.8 Appliedyoitageratioof anarresterThe ratio of the maximum continuous operating voltage (peak value) of an arrester to its reference voltage (peak value). 3. 3.9 Voltage ratio of a non-linear resistorThe ratio of the residual voltage (peak value) of a non-linear resistor at the nominal current to its reference voltage (peak value). 3.3.10 Accelerated aging testAccording to the provisions, the specified voltage is applied to the test piece at the specified time and temperature to evaluate the aging performance of the non-linear resistor - a simulation test.
3. 3. 11 Power frequency valtage withstand versus time charactcr-istic of an arrester
Under specified conditions, different power frequency voltages are applied to the arrester, and the maximum duration corresponding to the arrester is not damaged and thermal collapse does not occur.
3.3.12 Specific energy
A parameter indicating the energy absorbed by the arrester during the line discharge test, expressed as the number of energies per kV rated voltage. 3. 3.13 Thermal runaway of an arrester “Thermal runaway” describes the process when the power loss of an arrester increases with the temperature of the nonlinear resistor, causing the temperature to rise further, and ultimately leading to damage to the arrester.
3. 3.14 Thermal stability of an arrester “Thermal stability” describes the decrease in the temperature of the nonlinear resistor over time under the specified continuous operating voltage and specified environmental conditions after the arrester causes a temperature rise during the action load test. 3.4 Exhaust arrester
3.4.1 Arcing chamber of expulsion arrester The part of an exhaust arrester that allows the discharge current to pass and can cut off the follow-on current. 3. 4.2 External series gap of expulsion-type arrester The air gap that isolates the extinguishing cavity from the live conductor. 3.4.3 Gap in the arcing chamber of expulsion-type arrester The discharge gap in the arcing chamber.
3.4.4 Power-frequency withstand vultage of an arrester The effective value of the maximum power-frequency voltage that can be withstood between the high-voltage lead and the grounding terminal of the arrester.GB 2900.12—89
3.4.5 Rated interrupting capacity of expulsion-type arrester
The range of the minimum to maximum expected current that the arrester can cut off when the rated voltage of the arrester is applied under the conditions of specified recovery voltage rise rate, amplitude factor and power factor. 3.4.6. Rated discharge capacity The amplitude of the impulse current passing through the expulsion-type arrester under specified waveform and number of times. 3.4.7 Inherent restriking voltage voltageCircuit transient recovery voltagecircuit transient recovery voltagecircuit transient recovery voltagecircuit transient recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit recovery voltagecircuit \.cos2xft)
Warrior:e-
Instantaneous value of voltage:
Em-—Amplitude of power frequency recovery voltage on arrester: Factory-——Oscillation frequency;
Time;
E—2. 718;
Attenuation coefficient,
3. 4. 11 transient recuvery voltage of an arrester Testriking voltage of an arrester The voltage that appears instantaneously at terminal E of exhaust type arrester at the moment of continuous current cut-off, including steady-state component and transient component. 3.4.12 power frequency recovery voltage recoveryvaltage The power frequency component of recovery voltage, expressed as effective value. Rated recovery voltage can also be expressed by rated amplitude factor and rise rate of recovery voltage. 3.4.13 Rise-of-rise of restriking voltage (RRRV) of an arrester transient recovery voltage rate of an arrester, that is, the average rate of increase of the recovery voltage, expressed in V/us. For a recovery voltage with a single-frequency transient component, especially for a rated recovery voltage, it is obtained by dividing the maximum value of the oscillation by the duration of the first half-wave.
3.4.14 Peak value of the recovery voltage (crest) The maximum instantaneous value of the recovery voltage.
3.4.15 Amplitude factor of a restriking voltage (transient recovery voltage) The ratio of the peak value of the recovery voltage to the amplitude of the upper frequency recovery voltage (effective value ratio 2). GB2900.12-89
3.4.16 Maximum current interrupting rating The upper limit of the rated interrupting capacity of a vented arrester. 3.4.17 Minimum current interrupting rating The lower limit of the rated interrupting capacity of the venting type arrester. 3.4.18 Impact mechanical strength The ability of the pipe body of the venting type arrester to withstand impact mechanical loads! 3.4.19 Factor of created gas The amount of gas produced by the gas-producing material per unit time under the specified test conditions and under the action of unit arc power 3.4.20 Residual pressure The pressure in the arc extinguishing chamber of the exhaust type lightning arrester when the power frequency continuous current passes through zero 3.4.21 Maximum zone of expulsion The maximum space occupied by the hot gas discharged when the exhaust type lightning arrester is actuated 34.22 Discharge indicator A device indicating whether the exhaust type lightning arrester has been actuated Lightning arrester (overvoltage limiter)
Lightning arrester proportional unit.
Standard lightning impulse discharge voltage of lightning arrester. Wavefront impulse discharge voltage of lightning arrester
GB 2900.12—B9
Chinese index
Impulse discharge volt-second characteristic curve of lightning arresterImpulse discharge voltage of lightning arrester
Lightning arrester components···
Protection range of lightning arrester
Protection characteristics of lightning arrester
Nominal discharge current of lightning arrester
Residual voltage of lightning arrester
Impulse factor of lightning arrester
Discharge current of lightning arrester…
Rate of recovery voltage rise of lightning arrester
Gap discharge of lightning arrester·
Cut-off ratio of lightning arrester…
Instantaneous recovery voltage of lightning arrester
Recovery voltage of lightning arrester
Pressure release device of lightning arrester
Conductive current of lightning arrester
Rated voltage of lightning arrester
Internal voltage balancing system of lightning arrester
voltage balancing ring of lightning arrester
continuous operating voltage of lightning arrester
continuous current of lightning arrester·
power frequency reference current of lightning arrester
power frequency reference voltage of lightning arrester
DC reference current of lightning arrester
thermal breakdown of lightning arrester
thermal stability of lightning arrester
.1 frequency voltage withstand time characteristics of lightning arrester Rated frequency of lightning arrester
power frequency discharge voltage of lightning arrester
pre-discharge time of lightning arrester…·
parallel micro-electric gap
power frequency withstand voltage of lightning arrester
disconnector of lightning arrester
charge rate of lightning arrester,
++++*+ 3. 2. 5
. 3.2.4
.. 3.2. 9
.3.2.3
. 3.1.27
...3.1.26
.3.1.16
. 3.4.11
.3.1.9
+****.3. 3. 13
3. 3. 11
.....3.1.12
Specific energy
Leakage current of arrester
Gas production rate
Impact mechanical strength
Impact current withstand capability
Impact current carrying capacity
Series discharge gap
Impact wave front steepness·
Operation action load test
Operation impulse current
Magnetic blow discharge gap·
Action load test
Short-circuit power factor
Steep wave impulse current
Resistance component of current·
Rated impulse carrying capacity
Rated interrupting upper limit
Rated Lower limit of current breaking…
Rated transient recovery voltage
Following current of valve type lightning arrester
Broad type lightning arrester…
Square wave impulse current
Discharge counter
Discharge indicator
Non-linear coefficient…
Pressure ratio of non-linear resistor··
Non-linear resistor (valve piece)
Working recovery voltage
Inherent recovery voltage
Amplitude factor of recovery voltage
Recovery voltage peak value
Circuit transient recovery voltage·
Accelerated aging life test
Metal oxide lightning arrester·
Lightning impulse current
GB 2900.12—89
. 3.1.21
* 3. 2. 7
··3.4.16
-...* 3. 4.17
.. 3. 4. 22
.3. 1.25
电+中
.. 3.4.14
Lightning action load test
Vented arrester·
Arc extinguishing chamber of vented arrester
Rated breaking capacity of vented arrester…Isolation (external) gap of vented arrester
Isolation (internal) gap of vented arrester
Residual pressure
Test recovery voltage·
Test transient recovery voltage·
Silicon carbide valve arrester
System recovery voltage·
System transient recovery voltage
Angled waveWww.bzxZ.net
Expected current
Series gap arrester
Parallel gap arrester
Maximum exhaust area
Uninterrupted arrester
Accelerated recovery test
GB.2900. 12-
English index
amplitude factor of restriking voltage (transient recovery voltage)applied voltage ratio of arresterarcing chember of expulsion arresterarrester disconnecton
circuit transient recovery voltageconduction current af an arrestercantinuous operating voltage of an arrestercurrent irnpulse withstand discharge capacitydirect-current reference voltage of an arresterI discharge counter
discharge current of an arrester3.1.23
.. 3. 3. 10
discharge indicator
discharge voltage nf an arresterexpulsion-type surge arrest
external gap of expulsion-type arresterfactor of created gases
follow current of valve type arresterGB 2900.12—89
front of wave impulse sparkover voltage of an arresterG
gap in the arcing chamber of expulsion-type arester grading ring of an arreste:
gap sparkover of an axresterimpact mechanical strength
impulse factor of an arresterimpulse sparkover voltage of an atrester'..impulse sparkover-voltage/time curve of an arresterinherent restriking voltage .internal grading systern of an arresterinterruptive ratio of an arresterL
lcakage current of an arrestelightning impulse currerit .lightning surge operating duty test .linearly rising front impulseM
magnetically blown spark-gapmaxium current interrupting ratingmaximum zonc of expulsion
minimum current interrupting ratingN
naminal discharge current of an arresternan-linear coefficient
na- linear resistor lypesurge arresternon-linear series resistor
apcrating duty test
peak (crest) restriking voltage.
powcr-frcqucncy current interrupting rating of expulsion-type arrestePower-frequency sparkover voltage of an arrester ...power-frequency withstand voltage of an arrester国心
+ 3. 2 13|| tt||GB 2900.12-89
power frequency voltage withstand versus time characteristic of an arresterPower-frequency referchce current of an arresterpower-frequency referencc voltage of an arresterpressure-relief device of an arresterprospective current
protective characteristics of an arresterprotective range of an arreste:rated discharge capacity
rated frequency of an arreste industry electrical products
rate-of-rise of restriking voltage(RRRV) of an arrester ....rated restriking voltage
rated transient recovery voltagerated voltage of an arresterrecovery voltage .
rectangular impulse current ........... residual pressure
Iesidual voltage of an arrester. ---restriking voltage of an arresterresistive component of currentsection of an arrester
series spark-gap
silicon carbide valve type surge arrestershort-circuit power factor
standard lightning impulse sparkover voltage of an arrestersteep current impulse
surge arrester
surge arrester with series gaps .....surge arrester with shunt gapsswitching current impulse of an arresterswitching surge operating duty testsystem restriking voltage
system transient recovery voltageT
test restriking voltage :
test-transient recovery voltagetherrmal stability of an arresterthcrnal runway of an'arrestertime to sparkover of an arrestertransient recovery voltage rate of an arresterU
.unit of an arrester
***** 3. 1. 19
** 3. 1. 16residual pressure
Iesidual voltage of an arrester. ---restriking voltage of an arresterresistive component of currentsection of an arrester
series spark-gap
silicon carbide valve type surge arrestershort-circuit power factor
standard lightning impulse sparkover voltage of an arrestersteep current impulse
surge arrester
surge arrester with series gaps .....surge arrester with shunt gapsswitching current impulse of an arresterswitching surge operating duty testsystem restriking voltage
system transient recovery voltageT
test restriking voltage :
test-transient recovery voltagetherrmal stability of an arresterthcrnal runway of an'arrestertime to sparkover of an arrestertransient recovery voltage rate of an arresterU
.unit of an arrester
***** 3. 1. 19
** 3. 1. 16residual pressure
Iesidual voltage of an arrester. ---restriking voltage of an arresterresistive component of currentsection of an arrester
series spark-gap
silicon carbide valve type surge arrestershort-circuit power factor
standard lightning impulse sparkover voltage of an arrestersteep current impulse
surge arrester
surge arrester with series gaps .....surge arrester with shunt gapsswitching current impulse of an arresterswitching surge operating duty testsystem restriking voltage
system transient recovery voltageT
test restriking voltage :
test-transient recovery voltagetherrmal stability of an arresterthcrnal runway of an'arrestertime to sparkover of an arrestertransient recovery voltage rate of an arresterU
.unit of an arrester
***** 3. 1. 19
** 3. 1. 16
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