JB/T 9197-1999 Heat treatment of stainless steel and heat-resistant steel
Some standard content:
ICS25.200
Machinery Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
JB/T9197-1999
Heat treating for stainless steel and heat-resisting steel
1999-06-24 Issued
National Bureau of Machinery Industry
2000-01-01 Implemented
JB/T9197-19
This standard is an editorial revision of the revised provisions of J3601790 "Heat treatment of stainless steel and heat-resisting steel". The technical content has been changed. This standard replaces ZB/TJ3G017-90 from the date of implementation. This standard was proposed and submitted by the National Standardization Technical Committee. The responsible units for this standard are: General Aviation Research Institute, Chengdu Engine Company. The drafters of this standard are Ge Yun, Ze Lanmei, Cai, Jian, Xue Ji, and Zhao Zhen. The standard was first issued on January 19, 1990. 1 Scope
Machinery Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
Heat treatment of stainless steel and heat-resistant steel
lleat treatlyg for g1athless steel and heat-resisting steel JB/T 9197-1999
Generation 2HT J36 017. .90
This standard specifies the heat treatment of stainless steel and heat-resisting steel and the methods and equipment, processes, process materials, quality inspection and complete technology used.
This standard is used for heat treatment of stainless steel and heat-resisting steel. 1 Referenced Standards
The provisions contained in the following standards: The provisions of this standard are constituted by reference in this standard. When this standard is published, the version shown is valid. All standards will be subscribed. Parties using this standard should consider the feasibility of using the latest version of the following standards: GB/T 22)—1979
GB:T 394.1-1994
GB 443-—1989
GB536—1988
GB/T 1220—1992
GB/T 1221—1992
GB 3101[993]
GB/T 4237-.1992
GB/T 4238:1992
GB/T 4842-1995
GB/T 9452- 1988
GB15735-1995
JB/T 9202-1999
3 Standards
Method for indicating grades of iron and steel products
1 Industrial alcohol
L-AN Total consumption system oil
Ammonia in water
Stainless steel
Heat-resistant rod
Principles of relevant potential, units and symbols Hot-rolled stainless steel plate
Heat-resistant chopping board
Method for determining the effective heating area of heat treatment furnace
Safety and sanitation requirements for heat treatment production process Salt for heat treatment
The following definitions are adopted in this standard.
3.1 Steels that cannot be strengthened by heat treatment
Steels that cannot be strengthened by changing their organizational structure through heat treatment: 3.2 Steels that can be strengthened by heat treatment
Steels that can be strengthened by changing their organizational structure through heat treatment. 3.1 Heat treatment
Solidification treatment for changing the martensitic transformation point of precipitation hardening stainless steel Approved by the State Bureau of Machinery Industry on June 24, 1999 and implemented on January 1, 2000
4 Classification of stainless steel and heat-resistant steel
JB/T9197—1999
4. [The designation and chemical composition of stainless steel and heat-resistant steel shall comply with the provisions of GB/T221, GB/T1220, GB/1221, GB3101, GB/T4237 and GB/T4238 bZxz.net
4.1 Stainless steel and heat-resistant steel are divided into steel that cannot be heat-treated and steel that can be strengthened by heat treatment according to heat treatment. The commonly used steel grades are shown in Table 1 Table Commonly used stainless steel and heat-resistant steel grades
Strengthened steel
C:rIRNi9
ICrtaNi9
2C:EAN79
1CIBN9T
2C:13i4Mn9
4C:14N14W2Mo
[C2INiST
1CISMNS
1Cr19Ni11912Al1s
I14Mn14i
IC:14Mn14Ni3Ti
5 Heat treatment method and selection
5.1 Heat treatment of stainless steel that cannot be heat treated and heat treatment that can be heat treated
ICr13.2Cr13.3Cr13
4Cr13. 1CrITNi2
2Cr13Ni2 9Crl8
9CrlBMoV, 2C3WMoy
ICrl1Ni2wZMo
1Cr12Ni2WMuVNb
3L13Ni781z
4CEtSi2Mu
1C-14Ni3W2VH
(CrITNiAl
OCT17Ni4CMNd
C15NiTMo2A1
3C113Mo
5.1.! In order to improve the corrosion resistance and plasticity and eliminate the workpiece of cold work hardening, the shop shall carry out solid treatment. 5.12 For the parts with complex shapes that are not suitable for solid treatment, stress relief annealing can be carried out. 5.1.3 Diamond For stainless steel that has been cut or sawn, in order to obtain certain corrosion resistance, stabilization annealing can be performed. 5.2 Heat treatment can strengthen stainless steel and heat-resistant steel 5.2.1 For parts that require improved hardness and corrosion resistance, high-temperature annealing and low-temperature tempering should be performed. 5.2.2 For parts that require higher temperature and elastic limit, but lower resistance, high-temperature annealing and tempering should be performed. 5.2.3 For parts that require good mechanical properties and certain resistance, high-temperature annealing and tempering should be performed. 5.2.4 For parts that need to eliminate processing stress, reduce hardness and improve elasticity, annealing can be performed. 3.2.5 For parts that require the original organization, normalizing and high-temperature tempering can be performed as a preparatory heat treatment. 3.2.6 For precipitation-type stainless steel parts that need to obtain good mechanical properties and corrosion resistance, solution aging, solidification and tempering treatment or cold deformation and aging can be performed. 5.3 Welded Assemblies
5.3.1 For welded assemblies composed of heat-treated and heat-resistant stainless steels that can be strengthened, solution treatment or stress relief annealing can be performed according to the requirements of the parts:
JB/T9197-1999
5.3.1 For welded assemblies composed of heat-resistant stainless steels that cannot be strengthened, solution treatment or stress relief annealing can be performed when the welded assemblies are required to improve the weldability and corrosion resistance and to relieve stress. For welded assemblies with complex shapes that are not suitable for solidification treatment, solidification annealing can be performed.
5.3.3 For welded assemblies composed of heat-resistant stainless steels that can be strengthened and cannot be strengthened, solution treatment and low-temperature annealing should be performed when the main requirement is the defect resistance, and low-temperature annealing and medium-temperature annealing should be performed when the main requirement is the mechanical properties. For welding combinations with different shapes, high stress annealing or high temperature tempering should be performed. 6 Equipment
6. Equipment
1.1 Stainless steel and preheating workpieces can be heated in protective gas furnaces, salt protection furnaces, air-proof furnaces, etc. For workpieces with finished dimensions, thin workpieces, bolts, etc., they should be heated in protective gas furnaces, air-proof furnaces, or coating protection furnaces:
i.1.2 All types of heating equipment should be equipped with temperature control devices that can automatically adjust, record and adjust the temperature. 6.1.3 The classification and technical requirements of sealing furnaces should comply with the provisions of Class-2 equipment in Table 2. Classification of heating furnaces No technical requirements
The accuracy of the effective hot zone is not less than the table. The maximum value is not less than 6.1.4 The determination method, inspection cycle and technical requirements of the effective hot zone of the heat protection shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of GRT9152: 6.1.5 The oxygen release of the protective gas in the protective gas furnace shall be adjusted and controlled. The protective gas cannot directly impact the workpiece. 6.1.6 The increase rate of the air temperature at the hot spot shall be less than 1.33 Pa when the temperature is higher than 0.13 Pa. The air density and air density in the furnace shall be adjusted according to the requirements of the heat treatment process. 6.2 Cooling equipment
6.2.1 The capacity of the cooling device should ensure sufficient cooling capacity under continuous production conditions, and should be equipped with protection. 6.2.2 The cooling device should have a cooling circulation system and heating device, and a heating device when necessary, but compressed air mixing is not recommended: 6.2.1 A sensing element should be installed in the heat generating grid, and the resolution of the temperature measuring instrument should be less than or equal to 5. 6.2.4 The temperature of the high-efficiency oil should be maintained between 20 and 100°C. Unless otherwise specified, the temperature of the heat generating water should be maintained between 10 and 40°C. 1.7.5 The water used for heating and cooling should be replaced regularly. 6. Cleaning equipment 3.1 The washing tank or washing machine should be able to meet the requirements of the washing quality. 3 JB/T9197-1999 6.3.2 When using deodorizing agents or other chemical deodorizing agents that pollute the environment for washing, the washing tank or washing machine shall be equipped with exhaust and sewage discharge devices. Process materials The commonly used process materials shall meet the technical requirements of Table 3. Table 3 Technical requirements for commonly used process materials Chemical chemistry Chlorination pipe Detergent Cooling oil Organic fire type Wood pulp GBT 4842
Pure 99.995%, oxygen 15×10**, water 30×1UGB53G
JB/T9202
GBIT394.E
NIS, N32
Baojia replacement and cooling
Baojia and mouse gas are mixed and used
Baojia heat
Pinghuo: Cooling with fire
7. 2. Heat treatment should not have adverse effects on the workpiece, and should be easily removed after heat treatment and not pollute the environment. Process
White. 1. Cleaning
8.1.11. Before heat treatment, the parts and fixtures should be cleaned of foreign matter such as oil, residual salt, paint, etc. .1.2 The fire tools used for the first time in the vacuum furnace should be degassed and purified in advance at a vacuum not lower than that required by the workpiece. B.2 Furnace loading
8.2.1 Workpieces that are prone to deformation during heat treatment should be heated on special fixtures. 8.2.2 The workpiece should be placed in the effective heat zone.
8.3 Preheating
8.3.1 For workpieces with complex shapes or sharp changes in cutting and large effective thickness, preheating should be performed. 8.3.2 The preheating methods are:
a) Preheating once at 800:
b) Preheating twice at 500~650 and 850%;
c) Computer-controlled continuous heating,
4 Heating
8.4.1 According to the material of the workpiece and the requirements for the surface quality, the heating equipment, heating medium and heating method should be selected correctly.
2 Workpieces with grooves, holes, rotating parts and welded parts, and stainless steel saw workpieces with added shape are generally not suitable for heating in salt baths. B.4.3 The workpiece should have sufficient holding time after combustion. The time can be calculated according to the workpiece's effective thickness and strip thickness (the actual thickness multiplied by the workpiece shape coefficient 4) according to Table 4 and Table 5. JB/0197-1999 Table 4 Holding time calculation Workpiece, fire or solid metal, source of electric heat, air electric heat 5-10: min- (0.5-1) min.mm*$mm 【Insulation ~ Recording
Benefit
True Learning Lu
3-5 / mo+ (0.3-1) min/mm* 8 mm
Body, final heat treatment
(10h--0) min+ ( 2-3 )
minrmms cum
( 5~10 ) mir- ( .5-
mln.tum* 8 mm
(1-15)min13.4/min/mm>8mm
( 10-15) min+ (1-2) min'nmx5 mm regardless of metal fire, virtual force retreat or high fire
life, talk about joint parts, probe, general parts
>30jt: (6l)--80 1min+( 1. 3 Jmuin/mmx
$300℃.120~180min
( 1520 )minit 0 5~l ;mlr/rm* 5 mT.o-80i.m.+:31mismmxsmm
! The calculation formula for the heating time in the vacuum furnace refers to the internal heating vacuum furnace: the external heating vacuum furnace heating time can be appropriately extended. 2 Ten: Point is the effective time for the workpiece to be re-exposed or to be expanded, mm. Table 5 T shape coefficient
cube
network terminal opening specification
2.0KI1.6)
long two tubes
8.5 risk
JR/T9197-1999
8.5.1 martensitic stainless steel and heat-resistant silk 1 piece of air cooling, the product is scattered in the T medium: 85.2 martensitic stainless steel and heat-resistant steel rate after cooling to full temperature can be Cleaning, deep cryogenic treatment or annealing. 8.5.7 Martensitic stainless steel and refractory steel workpieces should be tempered in time after annealing, and the time interval should not exceed 4 hours: 7. For workpieces with low content of gum and simple shape, it should not exceed 16 hours.
8.5.4 For welded assemblies composed of martensitic stainless steel and refractory steel, the time interval between welding and subsequent heat treatment should not exceed 4 hours. 86 Clearing the lake
61 After heat treatment, according to the requirements and surface conditions of the workpiece, use reducing liquid, water-soluble lubricant, oxygen-removing agent spray, blowtorch, etc. to clean and
6.2 Stainless steel and refractory steel workpieces, especially welded assemblies, should not be cleaned by pickling after the whole treatment. 8.7 Calibration
7.1 The following parts should be calibrated with static negative core, without local impact. 7.2 For stainless steel and heat-resistant steel, the stress should be calibrated under the condition of lower than the original tempering temperature. 8.7.3 For parts with complex shapes or strict size requirements, the shaping fire tool should be used in combination with tempering for calibration during tempering. 7.4 Austenitic stainless steel workpieces should be annealed below 300℃ after calibration. B Heat treatment specification
Heat treatment specifications for stainless steel and mild steel refer to Table 6 and Table 7 Table 6 Heat treatment specifications for non-steam full annealing, descaling or high temperature tempering and normal heat treatment wire
2Cr3N2
CrlaN2
1CTI1Ni2W2MoV
1Or12NMoN3
1Cr14N32V
9C13aV
3Ce13Ni7Si2
4Cr50si2Mo
2Cr3WMoV
3Cri3Ma
Non-light fire
Non-heating plate
|730~780
650-900
870~900
840-86G
880-920
：229
206-285
90-5010
t40-1160
930-556
City touch
Jade power to send fire or business to steal fire
Heating source degree
736-780
670-640
7341-.759
K-·77
670-66X
Ye Minde
! 193-269
[2232]
197-285
Rate annealing and normalizing: 1040--1070: water cooling, 8-889:Insulation 6, with the furnace cooling part 300 shop air cooling, 6601-6809: home cooling and other benefits - fire
follow the fire: [000-1040'℃
keep resistance 1n, with expansion cooling to 750%, keep plate 3-4h, air cooling 1040-1054
870-90
let: keep the insurance to the following net
740-764
T30-780
197-269
187-269
Introduction to textile treatment
Category number
JB/T9197-1999
table? Ping fire or immediate fall treatment. National fire or aging super treatment standard rate fire play welcome treatment
Specific heat
Cooling medium
1000-1050
98(~)050
480-10511
1000-1055
1000~1020
Oil becomes air
Control strength selection! Light or aging specifications according to the new sitting to wash the back of the big or aging specifications can resist strong control
sa0-1080
980-5180
LD80-1270
650880
880-1080
1080-1270
[-18IF-1370
980-1:80
Oil research gas
Oil or gas
10(~127
1180-1370
: At the same time
Effective texture!
580-650
569 -620
50-580
523--560
640--690
560-640
540--590
$2n~5tit
560--620
r0-610
Bruchner's broken order||t t||285-341
354-3 52 | | tt | | 229-269 | tt||30-650
285--341 574- 600
546--57u
388 -445510-#40
>443
254~285
285-341
550-60u injection or water 341-388
540-590
1270-1470
1536-.570
≤350
980-1180240-64 0
570-62G
[081--127
118D-1370
50-600
1270-1470
137D~1570
880- 10.80
Oil or holy air 11080-1270
1180-1370
1370-1170
540-580
388-44
285-341
630-6RO
559-600||t t | | 520-570 | | tt | | 600-650 |
540-639
120581
300-370
269302 58(--680
285--142 + 3--6111
[12--388 $2--580
362-44550Kc--5 40
-: 360 | | tt | ICriSNig
ICrl8Mi9Ti+?
2Cr:3Ni4Mn9
4Cr14Ni4W2Mo
2Cr18Mi8W2
I C2INiSL
JB/T9197—1999
Table【Continued】
The most solid place of potential fire buried
Heating edge
9501040
90--E010
Oil or width 4
0-1160Oil or bend
10401060
1010~1070
1050-1070
790-810
1010~1050
1030-1080
1050--11(K)
1 0501150
1100~1150
[050-1150
E120--1150
1040-1060
3020-1060
950-1050
Oil or air point
Inverter air
Air water
Air or water
Air or this
Air or this
Air or ice
Strength selected tempering or aging specification According to the hardness selected tempering or aging current range long resistance strength
G9D~ -8.80 | t||300~360
680740
550--59
680-T40
880~1080640--680
570-600
6KA680
:500-60
660-7D0
Butian Lidu
229-269
254-302
You or Ben
285- 341
320--375
241~285
269--330
311-388
241-285
269- 320
320~-401| |tt||285-341
330-388
Tongda or Shi
Follow the Ancestor Degree
580-700
600-680|| tt||520-580
48[-10
680-740
650-710
686--740
689-740|| tt||570~600
60k-6 80
O-5SHRC
S0-5SHRC
>SSHRC
341-40]
302-341
285341||tt ||197-285
179285
234--276
250-380
16%-250
260--320||tt| |700-760| |tt||660-7D0
620-680
810-830
640~660
810-830
Oil turns into water||tt ||JCrI8MngNSN
ICe19N:1IS4A
1Cr14M14Ni
ICr14M:14N13Ti
LC23Nii8
DCr17Ni4C u4Nb*5
OCrINi7A:
JR.T9197—1999
Table (end)
Ping Huo or mass solution treatment
Thermal magnetic properties|| tt||940-960
1060-1080
3(KK--1150
1050-1100
[OS(~5
1030- 1050
J：1050~1070
L: 1030-1070
C15N17Mo2A/e?
Air or water
Air or water
Air or water
Air-water connection
Room air or water
Air standard water
Air variable water
According to the selected tempering or aging specification according to the matching degree, the tempering aging plan is selected according to the market resistance research|| tt||>1 LBO
> 1320
1) Under the premise of low temperature and iodine content: tempering humidity can be adjusted appropriately. 2! When using the upper limit tempering humidity, Carry out deep cryogenic treatment and low temperature annealing (930~00℃ or 850℃) for heat treatment. Can be used at fire or time
580-620
55--58u
500-550
Shi Changban
Same as big or time||tt| |Mosquito Degree
600-620
30-35HRC
550-380
35--4UHKE3
38-43HRC
4)-45RC
240HRC
00--550
460100
41 fire level 1010-1070, water cooling, 60-probe 6, follow to Kongzhen ,660-air cooling,5! If the parts are deformed by cold, they should be treated with heat treatment in the room with high quality, and then treated with fire treatment. Heat treatment process: 5~1070℃ air water) + 760℃ 90min (air + 565℃ return × 90min (air span cooling
1050.100 (air water! 1910m [air cooling place rebound ×, until the test after 10Ekx130-60! m, to.
Quality Inspection
101 During the heat treatment process, the heat treatment process specifications of the parts and the implementation of relevant quality control should be checked. 1 0.2 "Inspect according to the items and requirements specified in the corresponding technical documents 10.3 When the mechanical properties are not compatible, repeated heat treatment can be carried out. However, the number of repetitions or cycles is generally not more than two times: the workpiece is repaired 4||tt ||Re-tempering is not considered repeated treatment.
JB/T919-1999
10.4 Low-temperature annealed stainless steel and heat-contacted workpieces should be annealed before re-annealing. Preheating, annealing or high temperature annealing shall be carried out.
10.5 The original records of heat treatment shall be properly kept for future reference. 11 Safety Technology
1 When heat treating parts, follow the relevant provisions of GB15735.
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