SY/T 0325-2001 Recommended Practice for Steel Pipelines Crossing Railways and Highways
Some standard content:
523.40.1 row: 75.200
Registration number: 9591-2001
Petroleum and natural gas industry standard of the People's Republic of China SY325--201
Recommended practice for steel pipelines crossing railrouds and highways2001-09-24 Issued
State Economic and Trade Commission
2002-01-01 Implementation
SY/T0325—2001
API Foreword
Introduction to Standards
Symbols, Formulas and Definitions
Safety Clauses
No Esophageal Crossing
Settings for Crossings·
Installation··
K Drinking Water and Highways Crossing Standard Pipelines..
Appendix A (Appendix for Exploration)
Appendix (Appendix for Implementation)
Record (Record for Standardization)
Supplementary Materials Energy Specific Energy and Light Path Crossing Design: Esophageal Crossing Sensitivity Calculation Example
Tube Wall Shop
S0325 -2001
This standard is a standardized version of A[1102 National Railway and Highway Quality Pipeline Control Part 3 (with 6th edition), in accordance with the requirements of (B/11.1 Standardization Guidelines: The first part of the standard and the table of some regulations, this standard is compiled as a national natural gas industry standard. This standard is narrower in terms of technology. It is equivalent to AIRP1. When writing rules: Equal to it, AP『RIn is converted into the equivalent of my country's large thermal gas industry standard. It is completed with GT1.1. Therefore, there is a change in the original standard chapter, and it is listed as "standard". It starts with 112 Part 2, Appendix 1, Zheng A1[0 2. The cost of the barrel 2. The single cost is changed to 3. The number and the customer remain unchanged or the sales volume is changed: According to the actual situation of the Shantou natural industry standard in my country, Chapter 9 of PLPI2 "Special Documents" will be eliminated, and the attached A and the environmental record will be kept as the standard record, and the record will be used as the appendix. According to the safety requirements of T1: This standard only lists the title of the AHRP02 chapter, cancels the special instructions in APRF112, retains the previous A1102, and adds the "previous limit according to 1" of this standard. It does not standardize the legal measurement units of the quality. This standard follows the standards proposed by the China Automobile Group Corporation. This standard is entrusted to Sichuan Petroleum Pipeline Engineering Bureau and Sichuan Petroleum Construction Engineering Corporation as the responsible person for the construction part: SY/T0325—2001 API Foreword 1. The pipeline installation process of the pipeline passing through the railway was first recognized by the publication of Petroleum Science (A1) No. 26 in November 1934. This standard embodies the mutual management of the pipeline industry and the railway industry on the more common problems of pipeline installation at that time.
After 194G, the use of large-diameter pipelines in the pipeline system was reversed: the A version 26 or new evaluation and supervision, the pipeline planning standards were included in the period: from 1919 to 1952: 1 series of revisions, the last piece in 1952 to 1APR102: ARF (192) includes the cost of highway crossings, this book mainly saves the use of the upstream wall of the national public defense system. APTRP1102 (1068) incorporates the knowledge gained from the design of uncased transmission pipelines and the design of pipelines under load, load, and internal pressure. The use of g's Iw formula to conduct a large-scale computer analysis to determine the operation of the transmission pipe without checking the age of the pipe and the case sequence of the casing installed in the war. Since the end of 1A, the straight line installed in accordance with 4 regulations 26 and 12 without load and light reverse bends has been very good. In the Shishan industry, the price of the transmission pipe in the end of the expressway has been reversed or signed: there has been no structural damage due to the action of the dynamic load. Regarding this point, the general line can be reported to the relevant [National Transportation Department in accordance with the 49th Federal Transportation Regulations, Part 15, to confirm:
The necessary good operation of the transmission pipe and casing can be said to be partly due to the design process. The reason is that the general line is suitable for the use of the previous AR11 to promote the actual design and the actual combination of pipes and transmission pipes. After the large amount of proof, The research scope includes the evaluation of railway and highway through-the-wire operation and operation conditions, and a set of experimental models for monitoring the operation of railway and highway through-the-wire transmission lines with a gold-surface instrument. These research results will provide a new method for the design of through-the-wire transmission lines specified in this edition of AP102. The summary report (R&D) of this paper includes the results of mathematical models, a comprehensive derivation of the internal flow data of this line, and field tests on the line. The deduction method includes the key points of the casing installation method and the numerical value of the casing wall thickness. , the load used is preferably xer positive, 175% of the impact or load: the highway is each axle wheel stack 0024.5%, 15% of the impact load, the amount of proof of the external load on the tube can cause non-bending damage: when the total vertical load is subjected to 1R, -22% deformation will occur when the compression buckling, although the metal sheet to bear the force far exceeds its elastic limit, but the damage caused by the internal will not lead to the villa rupture, and the compression wall series of the opposite, A1 [1121993] recognized that proper installation can reach the pipe and practice: its design criterion is the maximum multiplication of the deformation equal to 30 of the diameter in the tight direction as the main column: the measurement of the casing installed using the APERP1102 (1981) stock standard shows that the 10% formula is very conservative, and in most cases In this case, the vertical deformation of the measured core period has always been .65% of the vertical diameter or less.
A102 has now undergone many revisions and improvements. In the process, it has fully utilized the latest and most comprehensive evaluation of the actual performance of uncased pipes under various environmental conditions and the latest materials and new construction technologies developed by AIRP since the last revision. The current A102 (193) is the sixth edition. It reflects the latest design standards and construction techniques of APIRP1102 (1993). The API Pipe Transportation Center Committee and its Design and Communication Committee revised it based on the rich training and experience of the national petroleum pipeline design, construction, operation and maintenance engineers. I would like to express my sincere gratitude to them for their outstanding work. A We hereby acknowledge the significant contributions made by the Institute in promoting this practice and would like to thank the Institute for its cooperation in providing the latest in line design technology. This publication may be used by anyone who wishes to implement it. The Institute's sole responsibility is to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the data used in this recommended practice. However, the Institute makes no representations or warranties regarding this publication and expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting from the use of this publication or for any violation of any federal, state, or municipal law or regulation that may be inconsistent with this publication. We welcome suggestions for improvements to this recommended practice and will submit them to the Institute for the manufacture, distribution, and marketing of the United States Petroleum Institute (1229 Street, N. W. Washington, D.C. 2uous?. 1 Scope 1.1 Overview 1.1 General 1.2 Petroleum and Natural Gas Industry Standards of the People's Republic of China Recommended Practice for Steel Pipeline Crossings over Railroads and Highways Steel Pipelines crnssing SYT0325-2001
This practice mainly stipulates the safety clauses of highways and roads. It includes the design, installation, inspection and supervision requirements for the safe crossing of highways and roads, and is mainly applicable to the design and construction of steel platforms crossing highways: The clauses of this practice are formulated to protect the facilities crossed by pipelines and to provide facilities that meet the safety requirements for the equipment and equipment:
1.2 This practice is used for the construction of pipelines crossing railways and roads, and is also suitable for the adjustment of railway or highway foundation to the ground. This practice cannot be used retroactively and cannot be used to exclude the application of this recommended practice! Pipeline projects signed before or after the entry into force of this version: Pipeline structures installed in directional crossings and tunnels are not applicable. 1.3 Types of alternative roads
Recommended methods for welding and general construction
1.4 Public safety clauses
This batch of recommended works mainly implements public safety. The clauses mentioned in the recommended technical price are sufficient to ensure the safety of the pipeline facilities under the conditions of the belt. There is no specific regulation for the requirements under non-high or high conditions, and the regulations do not allow all the details of the construction: in the pipeline, the national, local and industry regulations that complement the construction results, as well as the existing regulations and systems for the facilities being crossed. 1.5 Before the micro-line is crossed, the main department of the device to be crossed should reach an agreement. 2. The referenced standard is included in the standard. When the technical standard is used in the technical standard book, the version shown is valid. All standards will be revised. The customer of this standard may not use the latest version of the following standards: 0) (B9711.1-1997 and the oil and gas industry pipeline transportation Technical specifications for the design of gas pipelines Part 1: GR50251-1 Gas Transmission Provincial Highway Design Specifications 253-4 Transmission Shantou Engineering Bank Design Specifications 40SY0401-08 Oil and Gas Pipeline Reverse Line Construction and Acceptance Specifications Y/11103-1995 Design and Acceptance Specifications 4-94 Pipeline Trunk Line Marking Design Technical Regulations 3APTRP1117 Effective Non-stop Transmission Line (1995 Edition? 4Pper5T. Pipeline Steel pipe specification (2 car collection)) A1151d1104 pipe suitable for brand connection with American design (1999 edition API RFI mark liquid oil line design (cow version) adopts: 1: the original standard effect four foreign management report, this standard table fourteen pipe analysis piece reverse administration action State Economic and Trade Commission 2001-09-24 approved 20201 implementation
SY/T0325-201
ASMEH31.4 downgrade: no oil and gas, no water Nitrogen to alcohol, liquid transport pipeline system (12 dry version 2ASMT131.8 Shizhou pipeline heat transmission and gas pipeline system (19W version) Note: The above is free, 3, (3,, total source, can be used as a reference when in this standard city. 3 Symbols, formulas and definitions
A! Wheel load action surface, n;
several, penetration,
size: soil load load factor: depth of burial: all sub-diameter, mm;
above: Longitudinal continuity coefficient:
E: Three-dimensional anti-vibration modulus, M
: Shock coefficient caused by soil load; E: Soil modulus, MPA:
A: Yang modulus, a
F: Design coefficient selected according to the requirements of the marking method:: Impact coefficient:
(mountain): Cyclic stress coefficient caused by highway vehicle load:: Cyclic stress coefficient caused by railway load: G: Highway vehicle street intercept The geometric coefficient of the axial stress caused by the road load: H: The geometric coefficient of the axial stress caused by the road load; VL: The rigid coefficient of the hoop stress caused by the soil load; K: The rigid coefficient of the cyclic axial stress caused by the road load; K: The rigid coefficient of the cyclic axial stress caused by the road load; K: The rigid coefficient of the cyclic axial stress caused by the road load Safety coefficient: L: Highway axle correction coefficient:
L: Pipeline ring welding chain high track center distance, mMA: Gas single allowable pressure,
MP: Liquid maximum operating pressure PA
VH: State period annular double load coefficient:
N.: Longitudinal double track coefficient;
N: Soft track number at the set crossing point;
; Wheel load, kN:
P: Single extraction load, kV ;
P.: Biaxial wheel load, kV;
: Pipeline internal service, k;
R: Highway road type coefficient:
: Effective force reduction factor:
Sur: Total effective force, kPa;
Sa: Girth weld stress, kPas
Sr: Longitudinal stress resistance, kPu:
: Hoop stress caused by + load, a:
$y/T 03252001
SL: Circumferential stress caused by internal pressure calculated by average diameter, 1P; 5H (1arlow): Circumferential stress caused by internal pressure calculated by 1arlw formula, kPa; S, S, S are general, kP:
,——maximum stress
S2——maximum axial stress reduction;
Maximum radial stress:
: Specified minimum stress, Pa
T: Flow expansion coefficient:
: Temperature, t
2w, mm:
W: External design surface pressure, kPa:
αT: Thermal expansion coefficient,
r: Decimal unit mass, KV/;||tt| |SH: service life annular stress, kPa
: road vehicle load caused by the purchase of the annular stress,
: money price can cause the service life annular stress, a: S.: cyclic flow stress, ratio a;
2: optional vehicle load caused by the cyclic axial stress, ka: S.: railway load caused by the cyclic axial stress, PE:: copper Poisson's ratio:
3.2 Formula
Method: All of the following are kan
+ load:
variable load:
internal load:
natural gas:
liquid:
small stress limit:
SKnBED
W=P/A,
ASH= KHGHN,F,W
ASt.=KI.G1.NF,W
AS.= KHGMRLF;W
ASu.- Ku,G-hREF;W
Su=p (D-tw) 2tw
SHi (Barlow) -fD2r-. FET-SMYSSH(Harl)=P/2FESMYS
To:
Special machine:
Silk direction:
3.3 Baoyi
SY/T 0325—2001
S,=S-ASuSHi
S.-4S. -Ra (TF) +* (SS)
=MA into-
en 4st-s-(s2-s.+(ss-s
sssmrs-+
astas-h
AS./N3 Sr1.
Rsi..S.-
AS/NnSiP
The following provisions are not allowed to be adopted
3.31 Delivery: Vehicle 2 generation or night body quality pipeline, 3.3.2 With branch bend treatment: Use the pipe to reduce the sensitivity of the pipeline or the public drop, in the pipe close fitting clamp delivery pipe, 3.3.3 3.3.4 elastic sleeve: the pipe can be installed in it, the pipe wall is not deformed for a long time, and the pipe is not dangerous. Steel is forbidden. 3.3.5 road surface: the road surface of the road with adhesive materials, 3.3. No welding: the whole circumference of the joints must be butt welded according to the head (9)
3.3.7 HVL: the steam generated by the impulse is more than 27GP at 37.8℃.
3.3.8 highway: as a full-frequency road, it is a road for vehicles to travel. 3.3.9 Simulated coal preparation: The pipe is too light and the pipe is completed. After the length is shallow, the groove is opened and the source seam is fully welded. 3.3.10 Maximum allowable working pressure (M4) (MP): It refers to the maximum pressure that can be maintained in the effective item or production section under the appropriate design specifications and the current limits. 3.31 Chongshan Xuanque method: A kind of construction method, that is, using Chongshan excavation to control the hole forward, and at the same time, the top section follows closely.
3.3.12 Pin hole jacking: It is a kind of working method, that is, the text also exposes the H station, and the subsequent leakage is limited to the destruction of welding and toilet progress
3.3.13 piece for trial acceptance: In Under the conditions of force and duration, the installed road, pipeline system or pipe system shall be tested continuously to obtain the qualification of production in Beiqi County. 3.3.4 Iron I: refers to the installation of the heat-insulated rail on the width of the rail, the speed of the locomotive and the vehicle driven by the vehicle:
3.3.15 Rigid road business: also known as the shallow length of the road without cement and the shallow length of the road. 3.3.16 is called a pipe. The process is cut into two parts in the longitudinal direction, and then the two parts are pulled together to replace the shrinkage of the delivery surface. 3.3.17 Over-under: refers to the method of not digging the pipe hook: only the underground control hole can be installed under any method, 3.3.18. Safety clauses: No matter whether you have to cross the road or highway, you must comply with the relevant provisions of the management department of the road crossing construction. 4.2. You must prevent dangerous accidents, set up police (with guidance), and maintain temporary sidewalks, roadblocks or obstacles with warning lights, lights or reading lights. 4.3. When operating a motor vehicle through a road, you must obtain permission from the competent road department in advance. 4.4. When crossing the highway, all equipment, materials and people should strictly follow the regulations of the management department, and take preventive and precautionary measures, such as dispatching capable personnel to direct traffic and equipment transportation to prevent the road surface or highway structure from being damaged. The public should not use objects, stones, concrete, and other debris that may cause safety hazards. 4.5 The equipment and methods used in the construction of the road should not cause frequent loops or make it unsafe to cross the long structure at the crossing point or near the crossing point.
4. The road-highway should be kept single-track to avoid the occurrence of disguised production of road modification: S No Pipeline penetration questions
5.1 Types of penetrations
Determining whether to use uncased pipelines requires careful consideration of the stresses to which uncased pipelines are subjected and the difficulties associated with preventing back deformation. This chapter is dedicated to the design and construction of uncased pipelines to minimize the number of seat and deformations experienced by roads and highways: This clause applies to the design and construction of welded steel pipes for crossing roads and highways. 5.2 Overview
5.2.1 The conveying pipe height can be as high as possible, and the three supports of 5 are available throughout the entire penetration section. 5.2.2 Pipeline penetration 5.2.3 The welding width of the towing pipe is recommended to be API1114, and the standard of $Y/41 is A31.4 or AM:31.8. 5.3 Positioning and
5.31 The crossing pipeline and the railway or highway being crossed must be as close as possible to 9:130. In any case, the crossing position must be less than 130, and it is necessary to avoid crossing in sensitive areas and places requiring deep rescue. 5.3.2
and the horizontal clearance range between the line and the adjacent objects or facilities must meet the requirements of the world and objects! Facilities maintenance requires,
5.4 Rat cover layer
5.4.1 Scattered road penetration
The minimum micro-cover width (from the top of the pipe to the distance from the road: 1 listening technique) meets the requirements of the table.
Table 1 Pipeline window strong road cover thickness
Minimum Wu City will base
1a. Under the sleeper
1, within the limit of the single month above the Ning table or above the drainage ditch structure, the environment delivery rate of the juice battle body's business line
Cai Yang said: 21 The original standard of the public passage proposed by the person living 1 our area A situation, did not adopt the original standard 110-, 103 is equivalent, standard month/415.4.2 Highway crossing
SY 0325—2001
The pipeline that crosses the highway has been fully defined (from the top of the pipe to the road surface, as shown in Figure 1), and meets the requirements of Table 2. The pipeline has a complete coverage of the highway. a. Below the road surface of the highway. c. The pipeline is used to transport liquids. The amount of liquid is small ... Installation diagram
5.4.3 Mechanical protection
Minimum benefit If the requirements of 5.4.1 and 5.4.2 cannot be met, the pipeline should be mechanically reduced and expanded. 5.5 Design
To ensure the safe operation of the pipeline, all stresses affecting the width of the pipeline with or without a casing must be fully calculated, including hoop stress and longitudinal stress: Figure 2 is a graphical representation of the design procedure, including the following steps; a) First, replace the screen thickness with a given pipe diameter close to the pipeline cabinet, and determine the soil, construction and operating characteristics; b) Use Earkew's formula to calculate the new hoop stress S (sarlow) caused by the internal pressure, and then check it against the maximum allowable value SEerkrw
c) Calculate the hoop stress S caused by the ten loads on the pipe: d) Calculate the external variable stress W , but the impact coefficient F will be determined in addition to the arm width, operation, installation and current characteristics! Tip.T.1.2 Calculate P, and calculate according to Figure [3] and Figure 10 or Figure 14, Figure 15 according to the potential economic standard generated by the circumferential stress S according to formula 1 and Figure 5, Figure 4 uses the calculation of the damage produced by 1 load reduction formula (4) formula (6), Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 13 minus Figure 17 calculation in the teaching and produce about the use of the use of stress 5, formula (9), formula (10) use 12) calculation effect use formula (13) according to the test stress 5% four (16 Public (8),
Figure limit AD (17) light whole rate that is, the agreed labor shop
table, public (J9) or public (20)
specification test to control the labor oil degree
cite other extreme 2
design completed
lo public (public
Wu ((8) calculate the mountain produced
Sarlo)
S1) according to the
divided into (7 calculate the
rate axial stress 5.
Figure 2 No casing crossing railway and public outline design procedure said the calculation of the bottom caused by the variable load annular blood science cycle axial F] [calculate the annular sense S from the internal pressure [) according to the following steps to check the effective stress S
) bucket body main stress: annular stress axial stress S: longitudinal stress 52 Highway Crossing
SY 0325—2001
The transmission pipe that crosses the highway has been fully determined (from the top of the pipe to the highway pavement, as shown in Figure 1), and it meets the requirements of Table 2. a. Below the road surface of the highway, within the public boundary, all the following tables are required: c. The pipeline is used to transport vulnerable liquids. The amount of small additions is small. The small course is small. The road is small and dangerous. The government guards the highway. The highway is comprehensive and the small coverage is small. Some of the expected small courses should be drainage ditches. The price of variable pipe transportation is small. The material of the variable pipe is Ruijian. Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the installation without sleeves. 5.4.3 Mechanical protection. If the minimum benefit degree cannot meet the requirements of 5.4.1 and 5.4.2, the road should be mechanically protected. 5.5 Design
To ensure the safe operation of the pipeline, all stresses affecting the width of the pipeline must be fully calculated, including hoop stress and longitudinal stress: Figure 2 is a graphical representation of the design procedure, including the following steps: a) First, replace the screen thickness with a given pipe diameter that is close to the pipe cabinet, determine the screen thickness, soil, construction and operation characteristics: b) Use Earkew's formula to calculate the new hoop stress S (sarlow) caused by the internal pressure, and check SEerkrw against the maximum allowable value
c) Calculate the hoop stress S caused by the load:
$Y/10325——2001
Arm width, operation, installation and current characteristics
Active! Tip.T.1.2 Calculate P, and according to Figure? Calculate the circumferential stress S
generated by the potential economic standard according to [3
and Figure 10 or Figure 14, Figure 15 according to formula 1 and Figure 5, Figure 4 uses
to calculate the damage produced by 1 load
root formula (4) formula (6), Figure 1
Figure 2 minus Figure 13 Figure 17 calculation
how to generate the approximate stress 5,
use formula (9), formula (10)
use 12) calculate the effective
use formula (13) according to the test stress 5%
four (16 into public (8),
figure limit AD (17) light rate that is, the agreed labor store
use table, public (J9) or (20)
standard test to control the oil degree
and other extreme 2
design completed
lo public (public
Wu ((8) calculate the mountain produced
Sarlo)
S1) Xu
according to (7 calculate the internal produced
rate stress 5.
Figure 2 No casing crossing railway and the public outline design procedure said the calculation of the bottom caused by the variable load annular blood science cycle axial stress F] [calculate the annular stress caused by the internal pressure S
) according to the following steps to check the effective stress S
) bucket body main stress: annular stress axial stress S: meridian stress 52 Highway Crossing
SY 0325—2001
The transmission pipe that crosses the highway has been fully determined (from the top of the pipe to the highway pavement, as shown in Figure 1), and it meets the requirements of Table 2. a. Below the road surface of the highway, within the public boundary, all the following tables are required: c. The pipeline is used to transport vulnerable liquids. The amount of small additions is small. The small course is small. The road is small and dangerous. The government guards the highway. The highway is comprehensive and the small coverage is small. Some of the expected small courses should be drainage ditches. The price of variable pipe transportation is small. The material of the variable pipe is Ruijian. Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the installation without sleeves. 5.4.3 Mechanical protection. If the minimum benefit degree cannot meet the requirements of 5.4.1 and 5.4.2, the road should be mechanically protected. 5.5 Design
To ensure the safe operation of the pipeline, all stresses affecting the width of the pipeline must be fully calculated, including hoop stress and longitudinal stress: Figure 2 is a graphical representation of the design procedure, including the following steps: a) First, replace the screen thickness with a given pipe diameter that is close to the pipe cabinet, determine the screen thickness, soil, construction and operation characteristics: b) Use Earkew's formula to calculate the new hoop stress S (sarlow) caused by the internal pressure, and check SEerkrw against the maximum allowable value
c) Calculate the hoop stress S caused by the load:
$Y/10325——2001
Arm width, operation, installation and current characteristics
Active! Tip.T.1.2 Calculate P, and according to Figure? Calculate the circumferential stress S
generated by the potential economic standard according to [3
and Figure 10 or Figure 14, Figure 15 according to formula 1 and Figure 5, Figure 4 uses
to calculate the damage produced by 1 load
root formula (4) formula (6), Figure 1
Figure 2 minus Figure 13 Figure 17 calculation
how to generate the approximate stress 5,
use formula (9), formula (10)
use 12) calculate the effective bzxZ.net
use formula (13) according to the test stress 5%
four (16 into public (8),
figure limit AD (17) light rate that is, the agreed labor store
use table, public (J9) or (20)
standard test to control the oil degree
and other extreme 2
design completed
lo public (public
Wu ((8) calculate the mountain produced
Sarlo)
S1) Xu
according to (7 calculate the internal produced
rate stress 5.
Figure 2 No casing crossing railway and the public outline design procedure said the calculation of the bottom caused by the variable load annular blood science cycle axial stress F] [calculate the annular stress caused by the internal pressure S
) according to the following steps to check the effective stress S
) bucket body main stress: annular stress axial stress S: meridian stress 5
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