Some standard content:
ICS65.020.20
Agricultural Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
NY/T 1607—2008
Technical Specification of Broadcasting Seedlings on Rice
Practice Specification of Broadcasting Seedlings on Rice2008-05-16 Issued
Implemented on 2008-07-01
Issued by the Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China
This standard is proposed and managed by the Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China and the Plant Industry Administration. The main drafting unit of this standard is Sichuan Agricultural Technology Promotion Center, and the main drafters are Liu Daiyin, Liang Nanshan, Tan Yuanfeng, etc. NY/T1607-2008
1 Scope
Technical Specifications for Rice Seedling Broadcasting
NY/T1607—2008
This standard specifies the technical specifications for seedling raising, broadcasting, field management, etc. of water broadcasting technology. This standard is applicable to all kinds of rice-growing areas in China with good drainage and irrigation conditions. The paddy field with no-tillage broadcasting should have sufficient water source, convenient drainage and irrigation, flat field surface, deep tillage layer, strong water and fertilizer retention capacity, and not prone to drought and sandy land. 2 Normative References
The provisions of the following documents become the provisions of this standard through reference in this standard: For all dated referenced documents, all subsequent amendments (excluding errata) or revisions are not applicable to this standard. However, the parties to the agreement based on this standard are encouraged to study whether the latest versions of these documents can be used. For all undated referenced documents, the latest versions shall apply to this standard. GB4405 Grain crop seeds
GB8246 Rice chemical prevention and control standard
GB/T15790 Specification for the detection and investigation of blast disease
GB/T15791 Specification for the detection and investigation of sheath blight
GB/T15792 Specification for the detection and adjustment of water-repellent film (NY/T3%) rice autumn plastic pot body soft disk 3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this standard. 3.1
The practices of broateasting seedlings on riceThe practice of broateasting seedlings on rice is to use plastic trays with holes to raise seedlings, or to cultivate seedlings in the ground without trays through special coating agents or bed conditioners, so that the root system of the seedlings can grow in a directional manner or grow relatively concentrated, forming a root ball with soil, and then to move to the nodes manually or mechanically, and rely on the weight of the soil to scatter in the field, so as to achieve free planting, and cooperate with the corresponding fertilizer and water and the use of integrated pipes for water cultivation. 3.2
The practices of rice seedlings throwing seedlings with plastic traysPlastic trays are used as a carrier of a certain specification of plastic trays, and the prepared nutrient soil is put into the holes of the plastic trays, and then the seeds are sown in them, so that the root system of the seedlings can grow in a directional manner to form a root ball with soil, and cultivate the seedling raising technology of throwing seedlings. 3.3
seedling-growingwithoutplasticplate seedling-growingwithoutplasticplate seedling-growingwithoutplasticplate is a seedling-growing technology that uses special seed dressing agents or other soil conditioners instead of plastic plates to directly cultivate seedlings on dry land with suitable soil pH and partial viscosity. 3.4
the standards of sturdy seedlingleaf age: small seedlings 2.5 leaves to 3.5 leaves, medium seedlings 3.6 leaves to 45 leaves, seedlings 4.6 leaves to 6.0 leaves. Seedling height: small seedlings 10cm to 12cm; medium seedlings 12.1cm to 16cm, large seedlings 16.1cm to 22cm. Division: medium seedlings have some sub-plants; large seedlings have more than 3 divisions per plant. NY/T 1607--2008
4 Seedling raising technology
4.1 Plastic pot body soft disk seedling raising
4.1.1 Seedbed land selection Choose loose, fertile, breathable, high-lying, flat, soil pH value 4.5~5 (pH value 6 needs to be adjusted), unpolluted water source, convenient drainage, groundwater level above 50cm, less weeds, and no livestock trampling (the seedbed soil without disk throwing should be sticky) as the seedbed: the seedlings of the old rice seedlings should be sheltered from the wind and facing the sun, and the late rice seedlings should be ventilated and cool. The ratio of seedbed to soil should be 1:70~80 for small rice seedlings, 1:60~70 for seedlings, and 1:50~60 for large seedlings. 4.1.2 Fertilization of Seedbed
4.1.2.1 Standard Fertilization: Apply 3kg/m2 of fine dry grass and 3kg/m2~5kg/m2 of high-quality farmyard manure in the previous year. Mix 100g/m2~200g/m2 of superphosphate evenly into the 10cm~15cm upper layer. This method is suitable for early and late rice seedlings. 4.1.2.2 Improved Fertilization: Apply 5kg/m2~10kg/m2 of pre-cured organic fertilizer and 150g/m2~200g/m2 of superphosphate evenly into the 10cm~15cm soil layer 10d~15d before sowing in spring. This method is suitable for early, mid and late rice seedlings. 4.1.3 Soil Acidification: Adjust the soil pH below 5.0 10d~30d before sowing. The method is: for every H value unit to be reduced, apply 100 milliliters/m3 of sulfur powder, turn over the soil layer of 10cm-15cm after application, and then fully wet the bed with clean manure water: 4.1.4 Disinfection of bed soil 3d-5d before sowing Combined with fertilization, apply modified pine (dosage is 100&/m~-150g/m) and other agents to prevent bacterial wilt and damping-off.
4.1.5 Fertilization before sowing 3d-5d before sowing. Depending on the fertility of the bed, apply 30g/m2-40g/m3 of ammonium sulfate, 100g/m2-150g/m2 of superphosphate, and 30%/m2-40g/m2 of potassium chloride. After application, tidal tillage three times to make it evenly distributed in 10cm-~15mm: 1 It is strictly forbidden to use urea and alkaline fertilizers with excessive diamine. 4.1.6 The width of the seedling box is 1.3m, the length is 10m-15m, the ditch width is 0.25m, and the ditch depth is 0.1m-0.15m. It is better to face east to get sunlight and windproof. The surface of the box should be flat and the soil should be fine. 4.1.7 Select the standard seedling tray according to 1Y/T390% Rice Autumn Plastic Pot Soft Tray. The number of seedling trays required per 656.7m2 is 30-40 in the north and 0-60 in the south. Select different types of seedling trays according to the age of the seedlings. The seedling trays with 561 holes and a volume of 3ml are used for small seedlings, 451 or 434 holes with a volume of 4ml for medium seedlings, 353 holes with a volume of 5ml for large seedlings, and D450 series trays are used for rotary seedlings. 4.1.8 Seeding technology
4.1.8.1 The sowing period should be determined according to the local climatic conditions, planting system, and seedling age. For the double-season early rice in the south and the spring rice in the north, the sowing period should be normal. If the seedlings are large, the sowing period should be postponed by more than 5 days. However, the sowing and seedling raising should be carried out at a local average temperature of 10℃.
4.1.8.2 The daily seeding rate for hybrid rice is 12kg/hm~30kg/hrn. The conventional seed is 30kg/hm~80kg/hm. The seed quality is the best for the second-level or above seeds specified in GB1405: 4.1.8.3 Seed treatment: Dry the seeds for 2d~3d before sowing. After drying, select the seeds once or twice with natural water or yellow mud water with a specific gravity of 1.13, and wash them twice with clean water.
4.1.8.4 Seed soaking and disinfection: Use 35% Shibaoke (or other agents>200ml) to add 50kg water to the selected seeds, soak 40kg seeds, keep the water temperature at 11℃~12℃, soak for 2d~7d, turn the seeds frequently during the period to make the seeds spread and disinfect evenly. 4.1.8.5 Keep warm for germination at 30℃~32℃ for breast breaking, and 25%~30℃ for germination to prevent germination from being too long and burning. 4.1.8.6 Preparation of nutrient soil: Select light saline-alkali, slightly acidic, with few grass seeds and organic matter content above 3.5%. After crushing, sieve it with a sieve with an aperture of 5mrn--7mu, add a certain amount of rice seedling strengthening agent (determine the dosage according to the product manual, the same below) to make nutrient soil, or add per 100kg of bed soil Add 0.5kg ammonium sulfate and 0.4kg diammonium phosphate, mix with motherwort, and then simmer for more than 12 hours. 4.1.8.7 Before sowing, fill the nutrient mother 1 into 1/2~2/3 of the holes of the body soft disk, scrape off the excess mud, and then use a seeder or manual sowing to sow, sow 1 or 2 hybrid rice seeds in each hole, usually 3 to 1 with a regular diameter. 2
NY/T1607-2008
4.1.8.8 Pour enough water on the bottom of the seedling bed until it is saturated, then pour a small amount of mud, scrape the surface of the bed flat and place the seedling tray. The seedling tray should be close together and lightly pressed with a non-stick board to make the bottom of the seedling tray fully contact with the seedling bed soil, and the total autumn tray should be suspended. 4.1.8.9 Cover the seeds with nutrient soil that does not contain chemical fertilizers and autumn agents.Clean the soil outside the tray and keep the holes of the seedling tray visible to avoid cross-reporting.
4.1.8.10 During the film-covered seedling raising period, depending on the temperature, in the northern rice-growing areas and the southern rice-sowing areas with lower temperatures during the rice-sowing period, a layer of film should be laid flat on the tray before covering the arch film. Other areas can only cover a layer of arch film. 4.1.8.11 Anti-rat, set up bait stations around the seedbed, or throw Zhengtai bait at 3 to 1 place: 4.2 Seedling raising without trays
Refer to the relevant provisions in 4.1. to select the seedbed and fertilize the seedbed (no acid adjustment or disinfection is required on the bed), determine the sowing period, seed dosage, and process the selected seeds.
4.2.1 Selection of pesticides Use a slow-release high-absorbent seed coating agent (early nursery nanny throwing type), select a special type for pesticide hunting products and grain vinegar, and a special type for stems.
4.2.2 Dosage of the agent: 3kg per 1kg of the agent for coating. 4.2.3 Seed coating adopts the method of "packing and sowing immediately", that is, before coating, soak the seeds in clean water for 2h~12h until the seeds absorb enough water, take out the seeds, and drain the excess water. Then pour the agent into a round-bottom container, first pack 2/3 of the total amount of seeds, stir while adding seeds. After packing, sieve out the packed rice seeds, and then put the remaining 1/3 of the seeds into the remaining seed coating agent for coating to ensure uniform coating. After the seeds are coated, they are sown immediately.
4.2.4 Wash the bottom water thoroughly before sowing. Filter the seedbed and water it thoroughly before sowing, so that the water content of the upper layer of 0cm~10cm of the seedbed reaches saturation. 4.2.5 Seeding: Sow the packed seeds evenly on the seedbed by seeding with a seeding machine or by mixing with mud and broadcasting. After sowing, cover with fine soil, then irrigate with water, and finally spray with special herbicides for early nursery fields. Refer to the relevant provisions in 4.1 for film covering and rodent prevention. 4.3 Seedling cultivation with special seedling strengthening agent
Refer to the relevant provisions in 4.1 to select the seedbed, determine the sowing period, seed dosage, and select seeds. Use special seedling strengthening agent to complete the disinfection, acidification, chemical control, and fertilization of the seedbed at one time. Add 50% to 60% of the total amount of seed strengthening agent to the bottom soil of the seedbed, and mix the remaining 40% to 50% of the seedling strengthening agent with nutrient soil and put it in the plastic pot body soft: Other operations are reversed according to the relevant provisions in 4.1. 4.4 Plastic pot body soft disk slurry sowing and raising seedlings
4.4.1 Selection of narrow fields Select soil with good drainage and irrigation, deep upper layer, fertile quality, few weeds and close to the main field for slurry sowing and raising seedlings:
4.4.2 Preparation before sowing, determine the amount of rice seedling-strengthening agent according to the daily area, and refer to the relevant provisions of 4.1 for the selection of plastic pot body soft disk and the determination of sowing period, seed treatment, seed soaking and stimulating penetration.
4.4.3 Preparation of seedling bed Select a moist rice field as autumn bed, ensure that there is water in the furrow and the bed soil is moist. Shovel the bed surface before placing the plate, remove weeds and frost piles from the previous crop, spread the repeatedly pounded furrow mud on the seedling bed, then place the plate, and gently press the furrow bottom to press 0.3cm0.5cm of mud. 4.4.4 Mud beach preparation Repeatedly pound the furrow mud in the furrow into mud. If the soil is too sandy or the soil is of poor quality, fertile pond mud can be added to make a slurry. www.bzxz.net
4.4.5 Spread the strong accumulation agent and the special Jiangqiu agent for the sowing water tank and mix them with the fine mud repeatedly and evenly spread them in the holes of the plastic body, then use a float or a knife to inject the prepared mud into the holes. After filling, use a water board or hand to scrape and spread it, and then sow. Sowing by manual broadcasting or precision seeder: After sowing, use hands, a roller, etc. to gently press and bury the buds. After early sowing, cover the agricultural film, cover the disease-free frost grass and corn leaves to prevent rain erosion.
5 Seedbed management technology
5.1 Seedling period
NY/T 1607—2008
Early and late, cover the film to keep warm and moisturize according to the temperature, to ensure that the seedlings grow quickly and neatly, and the temperature inside the film cannot exceed 35℃. After the seedlings stand upright, the film should be opened at both ends to cool down. The temperature inside the film should not exceed 25℃: When the early, medium and late rice have 1.5 leaves, 100kg-200kg of 300rg/kg paclobutrazol solution is used for spraying seedlings on each 66671m° seedling bed. The bed surface should be kept dry without accumulating liquid to avoid drug damage (the bed where seedlings are raised on CDs and the bed where the growth enhancer is applied is no longer subject to chemical control). 5.2 Two to three leaf stage
The temperature inside the film of early and medium rice generally does not exceed 20℃. Ventilation and refinement are required to control soil agitation and promote root growth. When the seedlings are 2.5 leaves, 23 grams of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane is used per square meter of seedling bed to spray seedlings to prevent and control sticky diseases. When the leaf age reaches 1.5 leaves, the film can be completely removed. For early, medium and late rice, weaning fertilizer should be applied when the seedlings are 2.5 strong, and 15g/m urea should be used. -20g/m2, or ammonium sulfate 50g/m2 Fan water 3kg/2~~5kg/m2 spray, after spraying water to wash the seedlings, stop fertilizer damage. When the soil is dry and white, add water moderately, 5.3 Four to seven leaf stage
Control the seedlings from growing too long, promote the growth of the underground root system and the aboveground part: the soil does not turn white, the leaves do not curl up, do not water, on the contrary, add water moderately in the evening. During this period, various places should prevent and control 2 to 3 times according to the local pests and diseases. Apply topdressing 1 to 2 times according to the seedling conditions, 6.1 Field preparation and seedling throwing
6.1.1 Tillage and seedling throwing requirements for tillage are flat, with fluff, mud, and sticky stalks without male phenomena, 6.1.2 No-tillage and seedling throwing do not need to be plowed for rice, but the paste is properly pounded to prevent water from everywhere, low injection, mountain pit fields, cold Drainage ditches must be opened inside the mud soaking. 71-15 days before transplanting, use chemical weed control such as Baicao Ni and Gramoxone on sunny days. After weeding for 11-day, irrigate the field for 3-5 days, wait for the water layer to dry up naturally or keep the water layer shallow and prepare for transplanting. If there are many grains sprouting after the first weeding in the late rice plots after the early rice is harvested, you can drain the water 14 days before transplanting, and use herbicides such as "Nongminle" to kill them. 6.2 Fertilization
All regions should adopt a combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers according to the local water variety type and soil fertility level, and implement formula fertilization. The application of nitrogen fertilizer should be mainly in the early stage, with an application rate of (V) 120kg/hm~150kg/hm2, of which 70% of the base fertilizer should be applied 12 days before transplanting and phosphorus (P,0>75 kg/hm2-90kg/hm2, potassium (K.0) 90kg/hm2-150kg/hm2-applied at the same time. The remaining 30% of nitrogen fertilizer is used for topdressing at different times.
6.3.1 Determination of the period of sowing The appropriate sowing period should be reasonably determined according to the local climatic conditions, tillage system and seedling age. The northern single-season rice, spring rice and southern early rice should be sown when the local daily average temperature is stable above 13℃～15℃ (rice can be planted earlier appropriately). Late rice should be sown after 4 pm to avoid death by the strong sun in midsummer. 6.3.2, Determination of the seedling age The seedlings should be sown when the early frost is 20d～23d and the leaves are 3.5-4.5, the late frost is 20d~~25d and the leaves are 4.0-5.0, and the mid-season is 20d～45d and the leaves are 3.5-6.0. 6.3.3 Preparation before transplanting 3-5 days before transplanting, appropriate pesticides should be sprayed for prevention according to the occurrence of diseases and insect pests in various places. One day before transplanting, the soil in the plastic potted tray is too wet. Before transplanting, the plastic potted tray should be lifted to reduce moisture appropriately; the shade bed soil and tray of the plastic potted tray are too wet, and the seedlings in the non-tray dry transplanting should be watered appropriately to avoid temporary watering during transplanting. 6.3.4 Transplanting density For hybrid early rice and late rice, 225,000 holes/hm2~300,000 holes/hm2 for hybrid medium rice and 300,000 holes/hm2~400,000 holes/hm2 for conventional rice.
6.3.5 Sowing method: machine sowing or manual sowing can be used. Sowing should be done in batches, that is, 70% of the seedlings are sown first, and the remaining 30% are used for supplementary sowing. After sowing, the width of the compartment should be 3m5m, and the management path with a width of 0.25m~0.3m should be picked manually. The dense filling should be made with a spoon and the floating autumn should be pressed. 6.3.6 Disposal of the tray: Wash, cool, and store or regenerate in the field: 7 Field management
7.1 Weeding after sowing
NY/T1607-2008
5d~7d after sowing for early rice, 41~5d after sowing for medium and late rice, and weeding with chemical herbicides such as Kexing WP and Nongdeshi in combination with fertilization, and keep the water layer for appropriate days according to the requirements of the use of the agent. 7.2 Water management
7.2.1 Keep a 1cm water layer between the rooting and sowing of large seedlings and no-till fields. Keep shallow water between the tilling days. Do not irrigate within 3 days after sowing, and irrigate with shallow water after the seedlings take root. To prevent heavy rain and wind, the water shortage should be leveled immediately after sowing. 7.2.2 Intermittent irrigation in stages, shallow water for germination, deep water for heading. When the total number of seedlings in the tillage reaches 80% of the expected number of ears, drain and dry them out. For no-till fields, it can be pushed out for 2-3 days. Take multiple light sun days. 7.2.3 Drain during heading stage and ensure shallow water layer during flowering stage. 7.2.4 Intermittent tidal irrigation during grain filling stage to keep moisture: 7.2.5 Alternate dry and wet irrigation during yellow ripening stage. Drain and dry after wax ripening. The field with rice can keep shallow water. 7.2.6 Topdressing After the rice has survived, topdressing should be carried out as appropriate during heading stage. 7.3. Pest and disease control
All localities should strengthen the monitoring and reporting of local common pests and diseases, adhere to the principle of prevention first and comprehensive control, and take good care of the prevention and control of diseases at all stages. Rice cancer: According to the provisions of GB/T15790, when the central disease group of rice blast appears, use tricyclazole wettable powder or other high-efficiency, low-toxicity, low-residue pesticides that meet national regulations for control: Rice blight: According to the provisions of GB/T13791, when the incidence rate is 15% to 20% in different stages and more than 30% in the booting stage, use Jinggangsuo or other high-efficiency, low-toxicity, low-residue pesticides that meet national regulations for 1-2 times. Two-color stalks: According to the provisions of GB/T15792 and GB8216, during the peak period of sheathing of skirt seedlings, use cypermethrin, tea insect pill, triazophos emulsifiable concentrate or other high-efficiency, low-toxicity, low-residue pesticides that meet national regulations for control. 8 Harvest
When the rice ears are yellow and ripe with more than 95 rings, harvest them in time: mechanical harvesting is recommended in places with conditions.
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