GB/T 2679.15-1997 Determination of printed surface strength of paper and paperboard (electric acceleration method)
Some standard content:
GB/T 2679. 15 1997
This standard is equivalent to IS03783: 1980 (first edition). Based on the test verification, this standard has made some supplementary provisions, such as the use of rubber pads for offset printing and gravure printing samples; the use of paper pads for lithography printing samples, etc.
This standard will replace GB10341-89 from the date of entry into force. Appendix A of this standard is a reminder appendix.
This standard is proposed by China Light Industry General Association.
This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Paper Industry Standardization Technical Committee. The drafting unit of this standard is Tianjin Daozhi Research Institute, China Pulp and Paper Industry Research Institute. The main drafters of this standard are Zhang Yuanyan, Wang Fang, Zhang Xiaoqi, Zhang Xiaohui, Chen Shuo. GB/T 2679.15-1997
ISO Foreword
ISO (International Organization for Standardization) is a world-class association of national standards organizations (ISO members). The preparation of international standards is usually undertaken by ISO technical committees. Member countries can participate if they are interested in the topics proposed by the technical committees. International organizations, governments and non-governmental organizations related to ISO can participate in the work. ISO) works closely with the International Electrical Commission (IEC) in all electrical standards.
The draft standards passed by the technical committee are sent to all members for voting. International standards that are approved by more than 75% of the votes can be officially published.
International Standard IS3783 was reviewed and approved by ISO/TC6 Paper, Paperboard and Pulp Technical Committee and sent to member countries in October 1978.
The following countries voted in favor of this standard:
India, Poland, Canada, Belgium, Romania, Brazil, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Czechoslovakia, South Africa, Kenya, Spain, Italy, Egypt, Arab representatives, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, Mississippi, Finland, United States, Turkey, Hungary, Netherlands, United Kingdom, Norway, Soviet Union.
The following member states voted against the technical content of this standard: Australia, France, United States.
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Determination of printing surface strength of paper and board
(Electric acceleration method)
Paper and board--Determlaation of printing surface strength-Accelerating speed method (electrtc model)1 Scope
GB/T 2679. 15—1997
eqISo3783.1980
Replaces GE10341-89
This standard specifies the method for determining the printing surface strength of paper and board by accelerated printing using an electric instrument. This standard is applicable to the test of simulated printing of various offset, gravure and letterpress printing papers and boards. 2 Referenced standards
The provisions contained in the following standards constitute the provisions of this standard by reference in this standard. When this standard was published, the versions shown were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties using this standard should explore the possibility of using the latest versions of the following standards. GB45089 Paper and paperboard sample collection
GB/T2679, 16-1997 Paper and paperboard printing surface strength determination (pendulum or spring speed method) GB10739-89 Standard atmosphere for handling and testing of pulp, paper and paperboard samples QB1020-91 Standard ink for paper printability 3 Definitions
This standard adopts the following definitions.
3.1 Picking
During the printing process, when the outward pulling force of the ink applied to the surface of paper or paperboard is greater than the cohesive force of the paper or paperboard surface, it causes the surface to peel. For rice paper or paperboard, this type of shaving is generally based on surface fuzzing or tearing, and for cloth paper or paperboard, it is mainly surface powdering or bubbling, delamination, and tearing of the paper layer.
3.2 Printing surface strength
The printing speed at which the paper surface starts to pick up is expressed in m/: when the paper surface is printed at a continuously increasing speed until the paper surface begins to pick up. 4 Principle
A strip of paper is printed with a standard roughening oil under pressure at a continuously increasing speed. The minimum printing speed at which the roughening of the paper surface begins to occur is used to evaluate the printed surface strength. The higher the speed, the better the printed surface strength. 5 Apparatus and Materials
5.1 The apparatus consists of two independent parts: an inking machine that can impart a roughening oil film of a certain thickness to the printing plate; and a motor-driven printing apparatus, the printing pressure of which is controlled by adjusting the spring load. 5.1.1 Printing apparatus (see Figure A1 in Appendix A) The printing apparatus consists of a semicircular sector wheel (8) with a radius of 85 mm, covered with a standard liner, used as a sector wheel for roughening printing. The sector wheel has a radius of about 15°, and the sector surface contacts the smooth metal printing disk surface and rotates at a gradually increasing speed to complete the printing of the sample. The diameter of the metal surface printing disk is 65 mm and the width is 10 mm. The pressure on the test paper strip is adjusted to (345 ± 10) N for printing. The acceleration printing condition required for the test can only be selected by the speed category selector (14) when the sector wheel is in the starting position. The high and low speed selection switch (23) should be initially placed in the low speed position, and the high and low speeds are selected and adjusted by the speed regulating wheel (5), which shall not exceed 7 m/s.
The instrument is equipped with a chart showing the relationship between printing speed and printing position of the paper strip, so as to find out the printing speed of each point in the printing area of the paper surface. When the fan wheel is wrapped with a pad and the sample strip is clamped, and the printing disc is inserted on the instrument shaft (12) so that it is close to the paper surface, the printing pressure can be adjusted to the set value through the pressure adjustment wheel (9). 5.1.2 Ink punching machine
The large ink roller for distributing ink and the small ink roller for accelerating the distribution on the ink punching machine must be made of polyurethane. Excluding the printing disc, the starting area of the ink distribution system on each side of the ink punching bottle is 1200 m2. Add 1 m. of roughening oil to print 10 samples. The roughening oil film thickness on the printing disc is (7.7±1.5) m2.
5.2 Standard roughening oil: low and medium viscosity roughening oil. Standard roughening oil should meet the requirements of QB1020. 5.3 Standard pad: paper pad is used for letterpress printing samples, rubber pad is used for offset and gravure printing samples. The thickness is (1.5±0.1) mm. 5.4 Ink injection tube; capacity 2 mL, graduation 0.01 tmL5.5 Standard nap observation lamp: source angle of 75°, observation hole observation angle of 30°5.6 Petroleum ether or solvent gasoline, culture nozzle, soft brush, non-linting soft gauze or high-grade toilet paper are used to clean nap oil. 6 Sampling
Sampling shall be carried out according to GB450, and mechanical damage to the sample shall not be caused. 7 Temperature treatment
Test according to G10739 for temperature and humidity treatment.
8 Preparation of samplesbZxz.net
Cut 350mm×35mm samples from the sample, and cut at least 5 samples on the front and back sides, with the long direction being the longitudinal direction of the sample, and mark the front and back sides respectively.
9 Preparation of the instrument
9. 1 Fixing and tensioning the gasket
Turn the two small knurled screws on the left and right clamps of the fan wheel as far as possible in counterclockwise direction. Press the gasket insert (18) on the left side of the fan wheel to insert the selected gasket as far as possible, while ensuring that the gasket is in a very straight position on the fan wheel, and then clamp it with the large knurled nut. Insert the other end of the gasket as far as possible into the gasket clamp (7) on the right side of the fan wheel, and clamp it with the large knurled nut. Tighten the small knurled screws on the left and right clamps of the fan wheel in a clockwise direction to tension the gasket on the fan wheel. The gasket should be replaced if it is damaged. Note that the paper gasket is generally a 5-layer set. The upper two layers on the right end are clamped in the gasket clamp, so tear off the excess parts of the lower three layers before scanning. 9. 2 Adjustment of printing pressure
Fix the sample on the printing wheel so that it is flat on the gasket surface. Turn the upper printing plate lifter (11) of the instrument clockwise to the maximum limit, and insert a printing plate without roughening oil on the axis (12).
Turn the gear wheel to the start position.
Turn the upper printing plate lifter (11) in the counterclockwise direction to the maximum limit as far as possible. Turn the upper tension adjuster (9) of the instrument until the upper printing pressure scale (13) indicates (345±10)N. 10 Test steps
10.1 Test conditions
GB/T 2679. 15—1997
All tests should be carried out under the standard atmospheric conditions specified in G10739, and the instruments and test equipment should be balanced with the standard temperature conditions. In order to achieve higher test accuracy, the temperature conditions in the laboratory should be controlled within the range of (23±0.5)℃. 0.2 Loading the sample
Open the paper clip (18) on the left side of the fan wheel, insert the sample into the clip, and ensure that the paper strip is parallel to the lining. 10.3 Preparation of the printing plate
First, suck the standard push-pull roughening oil into the injection tube, and be careful not to suck in air. If the roughening oil is found to flow out by itself after using the injection tube to inject roughening oil, it means that air is mixed in the ink injection tube. The roughening oil in the metal part of the tube should be cleared and then re-injected. First, use a brush dipped in petroleum aldehyde or solvent gasoline to brush the large and small polyurethane ink rollers and printing plates on the printer, and use sanitary napkins or soft cloth dipped in petroleum ether or solvent gasoline to wipe the metal cylinder on the ink printer. Use an ink injection tool to apply 1mL of roughening sleeve evenly to the front roller along the axial direction of the roller of the plastic molding machine. After inking for at least 10 minutes, put the two printing plates on the urethane roller of the ink printer at the same time. The time for the application is (30 ± 3) $. 10.4 Printing Samples
Turn the instrument speed selector (14) to the acceleration position. Set the speed selector (23) to the low speed position. Turn the upper printing plate lifter (11) of the instrument clockwise as far as possible, and insert the printing plate with roughening oil on the shaft (12) until it closes.
Turn the fan wheel with the sample to the starting position. At this time, the indicator light (15) on the front of the instrument lights up, and turn the upper printing plate lifter (11) in the counterclockwise direction as far as possible. First, press the motor start button (6) on the right side of the instrument with your right hand. After the motor starts, press the fan wheel start button (to) on the left side of the instrument with your left hand. At this time, the fan wheel runs to complete printing. Keep both buttons pressed during printing. When the fan wheel is lowered, remove the sample from the photon bar and observe the starting point. Note: According to the strength of the sample surface, select the maximum speed of accelerated printing, such as 0.5 In/s, 1.0 m/s, 1.5 m/s, 2.0 m/g, 3.0 m/s, 4.0 tm/s, 5.0 m/s, 6.0 m/s or 7.0 m/s. The maximum printing speed is adjusted by the speed adjustment hand wheel (5). 11 Determination of fuzzing
11.1 Mark the center of the initial (static) contact surface of the paper strip print as the starting point of printing (the middle position of the dark print with a width of about 5mm at the end).
11.2 Place the printed sample immediately under the standard fuzzing observation light and observe the fuzzing through the observation hole. The starting point of fuzzing is the beginning of continuous fuzzing on the paper surface, and mark it. Then use the printing speed and printing position ruler to find the printing speed at this point, which is the printed surface strength. For the blistering and delamination of the paperboard, the printed surface can be bent and observed. Note: When the hair pulling appears within 20mm from the starting point of printing, it is impossible to obtain accurate results, so a lower maximum speed or low viscosity hair pulling oil should be used for printing. When some paper samples have slight hair pulling at the beginning, but as the printing speed increases, the hair pulling situation does not tend to be obvious and serious, a higher printing speed or a higher viscosity hair pulling oil should be used for printing in order to find the obvious starting point of the hair pulling. 11.3 Record the type of hair pulling,
11.4 After printing each sample, wipe the printing plate with toilet paper or soft cloth dipped in right oil ether or solvent gasoline, and continue printing on the wall after drying.
5 After printing 10 pieces of hair pulling oil, add 0.16 tbsp of hair pulling oil to the ink injection tube on the upper bag of the baby machine, and continue to ink the printing plate. The time for adding oil is not less than 45s. 11.6 Print at least 5 test strips on each side (only the printed side is tested for single-sided printing paper). After the test is completed, clean the printing plate and the printer. Test report
The test report should include the following items:
a) This standard;
b) The type of roughening oil used;
c) The maximum printing speed used,
GB/T 2679. 151997
d) Report the average value of the test results of the front and back samples respectively, rounded to 0.01m/s! e) The coefficient of variation of the results of repeated tests, rounded to 0.1% t The temperature and humidity conditions of the test;
g) The type of roughening of the paper surface;
h) Any deviation from the procedures specified in this standard or factors that may affect the results. GB/T 2679. 15—1997
Appendix A
(Video recording)
Electric IGT Printability Tester
Electric IGT Printability Tester is shown in Figure A1: 12
1-Fan-shaped wheel start button. This button works only when (6) is pressed and (15) is displayed. 2-Speed indicator; 3-Power supply. Speed adjustment hand wheel with locking button. 6-Motor start switch. 14-Indicator light. This button works only when switch (3) is in the "on" position. When the indicator light is on, press this button to turn on the power of the motor; 7-Clamp for the pad and paper pattern (18). The pad is clamped in the clamp and the paper pattern can be clamped by the clamp alone. 8- The fan-shaped wheel is the stamping roller 9 - the hand wheel for adjusting the printing pressure of the upper printing plate 10 - the pad 11 - the lifting and lowering of the upper printing plate, which can lift the printing plate away from the brush wheel surface, and can also adjust the distance between the axis of the upper printing plate and the fan-shaped wheel 2 - the axis of the upper part, that is, the contact plate: 13 - the scale of the upper printing pressure 14 - the speed category selector; 15 - the indicator light, which is charged only when the fan-shaped wheel is in the starting position; 16 - the brush (removable); 17 - the connection hole for installing accessories, 18 - see (7), 19, 20. 21, 22 - similar to 12, 11, 9, 13, only used for the lower printing plate, not used in the paper pulling test; 23 - the speed selection switch, when accelerating the printing, the maximum speed of the switch in the \low\ position is 4 m/&, means the maximum speed in the "high\" position is 7 m/s124-indicator light, indicating that the device is in the intermittent printing position (not used in the roughening test), 25-timer for intermittent printing (not used in the roughening test); 26-fuse16. Apply the roughening oil, and continue to ink the printing plate. The time for re-adding oil shall not be less than 45s. 11.6 Print at least 5 test strips on both sides (only the printed side is tested for single-sided printing paper). After completing the test, clean the printing plate and the printer. Test report
The test report should include the following items:
a) This standard;
b) The type of roughening oil used;
c) The maximum printing speed used,
GB/T 2679. 151997
d) Report the average value of the test results of the front and back samples respectively, rounded to 0.01m/s!
e) The coefficient of variation of the results of repeated tests, rounded to 0.1% t The temperature and humidity conditions of the test;
g) The type of roughening on the paper surface;
h) Any deviation from the procedures specified in this standard or factors that may affect the results. GB/T 2679. 15—1997
Appendix A
(Video recording)
Electric IGT printability tester
Electric IGT printability tester is shown in Figure A1: 12
1-Fan-shaped wheel start button. This button works only when (6) is pressed and (15) is displayed. 2-Speed indicator; 3-Power supply. Speed adjustment hand wheel with locking button. 6-Motor start switch. 14-Indicator light. This button works only when switch (3) is in the "on" position. When the indicator light is on, press this button to turn on the power of the motor; 7-Clamp for (18) paper pad and paper sample. The paper pad is clamped in the clamp and the paper sample can be clamped by the clamp alone. 8- The fan-shaped wheel is the stamping roller 9 - the hand wheel for adjusting the printing pressure of the upper printing plate 10 - the pad 11 - the lifting and lowering of the upper printing plate, which can lift the printing plate away from the brush wheel surface, and can also adjust the distance between the axis of the upper printing plate and the fan-shaped wheel 2 - the axis of the upper part, that is, the contact plate: 13 - the scale of the upper printing pressure 14 - the speed category selector; 15 - the indicator light, which is charged only when the fan-shaped wheel is in the starting position; 16 - the brush (removable); 17 - the connection hole for installing accessories, 18 - see (7), 19, 20. 21, 22 - similar to 12, 11, 9, 13, only used for the lower printing plate, not used in the paper pulling test; 23 - the speed selection switch, when accelerating the printing, the maximum speed of the switch in the \low\ position is 4 m/&, means the maximum speed in the "high\" position is 7 m/s124-indicator light, indicating that the device is in the intermittent printing position (not used in the roughening test), 25-timer for intermittent printing (not used in the roughening test); 26-fuse16. Apply the roughening oil, and continue to ink the printing plate. The time for re-adding oil shall not be less than 45s. 11.6 Print at least 5 test strips on both sides (only the printed side is tested for single-sided printing paper). After completing the test, clean the printing plate and the printer. Test report
The test report should include the following items:
a) This standard;
b) The type of roughening oil used;
c) The maximum printing speed used,
GB/T 2679. 151997
d) Report the average value of the test results of the front and back samples respectively, rounded to 0.01m/s!
e) The coefficient of variation of the results of repeated tests, rounded to 0.1% t The temperature and humidity conditions of the test;
g) The type of roughening on the paper surface;
h) Any deviation from the procedures specified in this standard or factors that may affect the results. GB/T 2679. 15—1997
Appendix A
(Video recording)
Electric IGT printability tester
Electric IGT printability tester is shown in Figure A1: 12
1-Fan-shaped wheel start button. This button works only when (6) is pressed and (15) is displayed. 2-Speed indicator; 3-Power supply. Speed adjustment hand wheel with locking button. 6-Motor start switch. 14-Indicator light. This button works only when switch (3) is in the "on" position. When the indicator light is on, press this button to turn on the power of the motor; 7-Clamp for (18) paper pad and paper sample. The paper pad is clamped in the clamp and the paper sample can be clamped by the clamp alone. 8- The fan-shaped wheel is the stamping roller 9 - the hand wheel for adjusting the printing pressure of the upper printing plate 10 - the pad 11 - the lifting and lowering of the upper printing plate, which can lift the printing plate away from the brush wheel surface, and can also adjust the distance between the axis of the upper printing plate and the fan-shaped wheel 2 - the axis of the upper part, that is, the contact plate: 13 - the scale of the upper printing pressure 14 - the speed category selector; 15 - the indicator light, which is charged only when the fan-shaped wheel is in the starting position; 16 - the brush (removable); 17 - the connection hole for installing accessories, 18 - see (7), 19, 20. 21, 22 - similar to 12, 11, 9, 13, only used for the lower printing plate, not used in the paper pulling test; 23 - the speed selection switch, when accelerating the printing, the maximum speed of the switch in the \low\ position is 4 m/&, means the maximum speed in the "high\" position is 7 m/s124-indicator light, indicating that the device is in the intermittent printing position (not used in the roughening test), 25-timer for intermittent printing (not used in the roughening test); 26-fuse
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