Some standard content:
ICS 65. 020. 20
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T 2930. 1~2930.11—2001
Rules for forage seed testing2001-03-14 Issued
2001-06-01 Implementation
National Quality and Technical Supervision Bureau
GB/T 2930.5—2001
This standard is a revision of GB2930-1982 "Rules for the Inspection of Forage Seeds" based on the International Seed Inspection Rules (1999 Edition) of the International Seed Testing Association (ISTA).
This standard adopts Part VI of the International Rules (ISTA, 1999): Biochemical (tetrazolium) Determination of Vitality in terms of major technical contents such as plant species and their inspection methods. In addition, 21 plant species of 14 genera that are not listed in international regulations but have important economic value in my country and have suitable inspection methods are included, so that the standard has both the advancement and scientificity of international standards and can meet the actual needs of species inspection in my country.
The main changes of this standard to Chapter 6 of GB29301982 are: the number of genera increased from the original 21 to 57. In addition, the inspection methods are greatly modified according to international regulations. This standard is one of the series of standards of GH/12930.1~2930.112001 "Forage Seed Inspection Regulations". This series of standards consists of the following parts:
GB/T 2930.1.-- 2001
GB/T 2930. 2 ---2001
GB/T 2930.3-2001
GB/T 2930. 4-2001
GB/T2930.5—2001
GB/T 2930.62001
GB/T 2930.7--2001
GB/T2930.8—2001
GB/T 2930.9-2001
Inspection procedures for forage seeds
Inspection procedures for forage seeds
Inspection procedures for forage seeds
Inspection procedures for forage seeds
Inspection procedures for forage seeds
Inspection procedures for forage seeds
Inspection procedures for forage seeds
Inspection procedures for forage seeds
GB/T2930.102001 Inspection procedures for forage seedsGH/T293 0.11--2001 Forage grass species-F inspection procedures Sampling
Clarity analysis
Determination of the number of seeds of other plants
Teething test
Biochemical (tetrazolyl) determination of vitality
Health determination
Species and varieties identification
Moisture determination
Weight determination
Coating seed and millet determination
Inspection report
The revised standard is different from the international regulations in terms of writing format. The international regulations put all the annexes after the main text of all the inspection items, and most of the contents of the regulations are in the annexes. When using, they need to be cross-referenced, which is quite inconvenient. In terms of arrangement, this standard treats each item as an independent standard, compiles the main content in the main text, and puts the relevant appendices immediately after the main text of each standard. This standard replaces Chapter 6 of GB29301982 from the date of implementation. This standard is proposed by the Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China. The drafting unit of this standard is: Ministry of Agriculture Pasture and Turf Grass Seed Quality Supervision Inspection and Testing Center (Lanzhou). The main drafter of this standard: Wang Yanrong: Participating drafters: Sun Jianhua, Yu Ling, Nan Zhibiao, Li Tunjie, Wei Dong. 49
GB/T 2930.5—2001
ISTA Before
One of the biggest risks in agriculture is that the seeds of the sown variety cannot show their production capacity. Seed inspection is to evaluate the quality of seeds before sowing to minimize this risk. Seed quality is a concept composed of different characteristics. These characteristics are extremely important to different sectors of the seed industry - producers, processors, stockholders, operators, farmers, certification bodies and government agencies or departments responsible for seed management. In all cases, the most common purpose of testing is to determine the seed value. Seeds are living products and their behavior cannot be predicted as accurately as that of inanimate or non-living products. The methods used must be based on seed science knowledge and the accumulated experience of seed testers. The required accuracy and reproducibility will depend on the purpose of the test. The standard definitions and methods specified in this regulation can be used to assess the quality of seeds in international trade. For this purpose, the high accuracy of the test methods is important. Validity and reproducibility are essential. When seeds are traded across national borders, it is possible that testing will be done in laboratories in different countries. Therefore, it is very important that all testers use consistent standard methods so that consistent test results can be obtained within the permitted range. This procedure is divided into two parts... the main body of the procedure and the appendix. The main body of the procedure sets out the requirements and principles for each test, the definitions adopted, and outlines the methods and procedures used. The appendix references the definitions and details the procedures and methods specified in the procedure. If the results of testing in accordance with this procedure are to be reported on the Association's International Seed Inspection Certificate, then the procedure must be strictly followed and the interpretation of each provision of the procedure should be consistent with the Association's International Seed Inspection Certificate. The relevant details and compliance of the annexes to this chapter. It is recommended that a country should adopt this interpretation and its annexes as far as possible when managing domestic seed trade and implementing national seed quality management regulations. Although it is not necessary to use international seed inspection certificates in this case, it should be recognized that if it does not comply with the provisions of this internationally accepted regulation and annexes, it will hinder the free flow of seeds between countries. Advisory tests are tests that conduct seed evaluation for specific days based on the requirements of the submission. Such tests need to take into account factors such as the season of sowing, soil type and sea level. For this type of inspection, this procedure and annexes only provide a basic Other techniques with different literature may be used as supplementary methods. This practice and its annexes are developed for the major crops in the world. Although not every section, Principle 1 also applies to other crop species not mentioned in this practice.
In addition, in order to provide adequate guidance, it is necessary to mention the instruments and equipment of specific manufacturers. This does not mean that ISTA considers such instruments and equipment to be the best and excludes similar products from other manufacturers. 50
1 Scope
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Rules for forage seed tesling-Biochemical test for viability
Rules for forage seed tesling-Biochemical test for viability This standard specifies the method for the biochemical (tetrazolyl) test for seed viability. GB/T 2930.5—2001
Replaces Chapter 6 of GB 2930—1982
This standard applies to the viability test for quality inspection of forage seeds, lawn grass seeds and forage crop seeds. 2 Referenced standards
The texts contained in the following standards constitute the provisions of this standard through reference in this standard. When this standard was published, the versions shown were valid. All standards will be revised. Parties using this standard should explore the possibility of using the latest versions of the following standards. GB/T2930.2-2001 Inspection procedures for forage seeds GB/T2930.4-2001 Inspection procedures for forage seeds Germination test GB/T8170-1987 Numerical rounding rules
3 Purpose of inspection
The biochemical determination of viability is used to quickly estimate the viability of the sample or the seed batch it represents under normal conditions, especially under dormancy.
4 Definitions
This standard adopts the following definitions.
Seed viability
The potential ability of seeds to germinate or the vitality of the embryo. 5 Apparatus and reagents
5.1 Profit control equipment
Electric thermostatic box or incubator; refrigerator.
5.2 Observation instruments
Stereo microscope or magnifying glass.
5.3 Pre-wetting and staining apparatus and materials
Glassware of different specifications (culture blood, beaker, test tube, etc.) Stained blood of different specifications: filter paper and absorbent paper, etc. 5.4 Cutting and stabbing tools
Scalpel, single-sided blade, dissecting needle, etc. 5.5 Balance
Approved by the State Administration of Quality and Technical Supervision on March 14, 2001 and implemented on June 1, 2001
Balance with a sensitivity of .001.
5.6 Others
GB/T2930.5—2001
Different specifications of liquid adders, pipettes, counting plates, etc. 5.7 Soothing agent
Use 0.1%-1.0% aqueous solution of 2, 3, 5, triphenyl tetrazolium fluoride or tetrazolium bromide. The prepared solution must be stored in a brown bottle in the dark.
If the 1H value of the solution prepared with distilled water cannot be maintained within the range of 6.5-7.5, use phosphate buffer solution to prepare it. The buffer solution is prepared as follows:
Prepare two solutions:
Solution 1: Dissolve 9.078 g potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KHzP0.) in 1 000 mL water Solution II: Dissolve 9.472 g disodium hydrogen phosphate (Na,HP0,) in 1000 mL water, or dissolve 11.876 g disodium hydrogen phosphate (Na,HPO,-2H,O) in 1000 ml water.
Take 12 parts of solution and 13 parts of solution and mix them to obtain a buffer solution. Dissolve the exact amount of tetrazolium salt (chloride or bromide) in the buffer solution to obtain the exact concentration. For example, dissolve 1 part of tetrazolium salt in 100 mL of buffer solution to obtain a 1% tetrazolium solution. 6 Test procedures
6.1 Test samples
Randomly select 100 seeds from the clean seeds that have been thoroughly mixed after the degree analysis (see GB/T2930.2), with 4 replicates: or use only dormant seeds found at the end of the germination test. 6.2 Seed preparation before dyeing
6.2.1 Seed pre-wetting
Generally, seeds should be pre-wetted before dyeing, and some seeds must be pre-wetted. After pre-wetting, the seeds that are absorbed are not easy to break, easy to open or pierce, and the dyed color is uniform, which is conducive to identification. If the seed coat hinders the imbibition, the seed coat must be pierced and pre-wetting can be done by one of the following methods:
6.2. 1. 1 Slow wetting: Place the seeds on paper (TP) or between papers (BP) and imbibe according to the method specified in Table 1 of GB/T 2930, 4-2001 for germination test. This method is suitable for seeds that are easily broken when directly immersed in water, old seeds or dry seeds. For some seeds, slow wetting cannot achieve full imbibition and further immersion in water for a period of time is required. 6.2.1.2 Soaking in water (W): The seeds must be completely immersed in water to allow them to achieve full imbibition. If the immersion time exceeds 24h, the water should be changed. See Table 1 for the time and method of seed prewetting. 6.2.2 Seed staining Many plant species (see Table 1) need to expose their tissues to the outside before chemical staining to facilitate the penetration of tetrazolium solution and identification. After prewetting, the sticky substances produced on the surface of the seeds should be removed. To remove, the surface can be dried, paper can be interlaced, or soaked in 1% to 2% potassium aluminum carbonate (AIK(SO4,>2I2H0) solution for 5 minutes. For seeds whose seed coats hinder staining, the following techniques can be used to pierce, cut or peel off the seed coat: The piercing and cutting methods are shown in Figure 1. The treated seeds should be kept moist until all repeated treatments are completed. 6.2.2.1 Piercing: For prewetted or hard seeds, a needle or scalpel can be used to pierce the non-essential parts of the seed coat. 6.2.2-2 Longitudinal section: Seeds as large as fescue Genus (Festca or larger species of non-endosperm), cut longitudinally from the base of the seed along the midline of the embryonic axis, about two-quarters of the length of the endosperm.
Seeds of non-endosperm broad-leaved plants with straight embryos, cut longitudinally to remove the cotyledons one and a half meters away from the embryonic axis without damaging the embryo. For seeds with embryos surrounded by living tissues, cut longitudinally close to the embryo. 6.2.2.3 Transverse section: Cut transversely along the non-essential tissues of the seed. For seeds of the Gramineae family: Cut transversely close to the upper part of the embryo, and place the end containing the embryo in a tetrazolium braid. 52
GB/T 2930.5200
Seeds of dicotyledons with true embryo and endosperm: remove the cotyledon terminal one-fifth or two-fifths transversely. 6.2.2.4 Transverse sectioning: Transverse sectioning is a treatment method that can be substituted for transverse sectioning, which is a cutting but not cutting. It is applicable to small seeds of Gramineae (such as 4grostis, Phteum and Pna). 6-2.2.5 Embryo separation can be used for barley (Hareunz vutgare) and rye (Secaleerale). Use a dissecting needle to pierce the endosperm slightly off the center of the upper part of the scutellum, and pick out the embryo with the scutellum from the endosperm, and then transfer it to the tetrazolium solution. 6.2.2.6 Peeling the seed coat: For seeds that are not suitable for piercing, the method of peeling off the entire seed coat (and some other covering tissues) can be adopted: 1. Cereals and grasses (Foaae) are cut vertically through the embryo and medicine at three quarters of the endosperm: 2. Avena (4veta) and grass seeds are cut near the embryo: 3. Grass seeds are cut horizontally through the terminal part of the endosperm (variant quasi-cut (--) 4. Non-grass species pierce the endosperm
5. Cut vertically through the terminal half of the cotyledon, such as the genus Actuca (actuca) and other genera in the family (Asieraccar): 6. Lock section indicates longitudinal cutting (5) When cutting, cut the seed or seedlings at the same time. 7. Cut longitudinally along the side of the embryo for species in the Apiaceae family and other species with erect embryos; 8. Cut horizontally at both ends to open the mouth and remove a small part of the gametophyte (gametophyte tissue). Figure 1. Different cutting positions before staining 6.3 Staining
Immerse the prepared seeds or seeds completely in the tetrazolium solution according to the specified staining concentration, temperature and time (see Table 1) and place them in the dark or under weak light. After the seeds are stained, remove the thread and rinse with water for identification. The specified optimal time is not absolute and may vary depending on the conditions of the seeds themselves. With the accumulation of experience, it is possible to identify them in the early or late stages of staining.
If the seeds are not completely stained, the staining time can be extended to confirm that the unsatisfactory staining is due to slow absorption of tetrazolium salts rather than internal defects in the seeds. Overstaining should also be avoided, as this may mask different staining patterns of seeds due to frostbite, weakness, etc.
For small seeds that are difficult to handle, they can be placed on long paper strips for pretreatment, and then the paper can be folded or rolled up and immersed in tetrazolium solution.
GB/I 2930.5—2001
After the seeds are dyed, they should be identified immediately. Before identification, in order to facilitate observation and counting, the stained seeds should be properly treated to make the main structure of the embryo and the living nutrient tissue blurred. The treatment methods of different types of seeds are shown in Table 1. In order to accurately observe and identify, the seeds can be observed using appropriate light and magnifying equipment. During identification, the vitality of the seeds is determined based on the staining of the main structure of the embryo and the relevant living nutrient tissue. The identification principle is: seeds or embryos that are completely stained or partially stained (the maximum area of color is specified in Table 1) are viable seeds; seeds that do not meet the above requirements, have abnormal color or soft main structures are classified as non-viable seeds. Seeds with obviously abnormal embryo or embryo structures are classified as non-viable seeds regardless of whether they are stained or not. When identifying, all structures of the seeds should be considered. Large integral seeds have major and minor structures, the major structures carry meristems and all structures necessary for development into a normal seedling. Well-developed and differentiated seeds or embryos are only capable of reviving to small areas of necrosis. In this case, localized necrosis of the major structures is also viable, and careful identification can also distinguish different types of viable or non-viable seeds. The identification criteria for different genera are shown in Table 1.
Viability is a distinct and unique characteristic of ungerminated seeds in tetrazolium assays. Viability is clearly distinguishable from germination test results, however, there will be no significant difference between viability and germination rate under the following conditions: a) seeds that are not dormant, not hard-shelled or have been properly pretreated to break dormancy and hard-shell. h) seeds that are not infected or have been properly disinfected. c) seeds that have not been sprayed during processing, coated during processing or heated with toxic chemicals during storage. 1) seeds that have not sprouted,
e) seeds that have not rotted during the specified or extended germination test period. 1) Seeds that have germinated under suitable conditions. 7 Calculation and presentation of results
The number of seeds with viability and the number of hard seeds in each batch shall be counted separately and their average values shall be calculated. The maximum allowable difference between replicates shall not exceed the provisions of Table B1 in GB/T 2930.4-2001 (corresponding to the germination test). The average percentage shall be rounded to the nearest integer in accordance with GB/T 8170 and reported.
When presenting the results, hard seeds shall be included in the seeds with viability. More detailed items may be determined by the inspection department according to the requirements of the sample submitter, such as the percentage of empty shells, seeds with larvae, damaged or rotten seeds.
When determining the viability of ungerminated seeds at the end of the germination test, the test results shall be filled in according to the provisions of Chapter 8 in GB/T 2930.4-2001.
l.Agrapurouspp.
2.Agrrostis spp-
3.Aopecurs app.
1.Amaranthus spp-
5nthozanthupp
6. Arteista spp.
7. Astragalas spp.
E Brachiaria spp.
10. Bromars spp.
Il.Caragana spp.
Chinese name
Ice grass screen
Cut stock tool
Amaranthus
Yellow flower grass
Pre-wet at 20℃
Yellow than the genus
Avena: Pre-wet
Time shape leather bureau BP
Bromus
! Caragana
Forehead
Table 1 The tetrazole determination method of the main grass seeds 30℃ dyeing
Preparation before dyeing
1) Remove the seedlings and make a horizontal cut near the embryo
2) Cut the embryo and three-quarters of the endosperm longitudinally
Prick the embryo with a needle
Remove the seeds and make a horizontal cut near the embryo
1) Puncture the seeds with a needle in the center and make a horizontal cut
2) From the white center to the embryo and between the cotyledons
Remove the seeds and make a horizontal cut near the embryo
1) Make a longitudinal cut along the end of the midline to half the length of the seed| |tt||2) Slash obliquely near the embryo axis
3) Cut off the end
1) Cut off the seed coat and nutrient tissue at the top
3) Cut the seed coat and nutrient tissue along the midline of the lower leaf3) Cut off the top
1) Cut horizontally near the embryo
2) Cut the embryo and three-quarters of the endosperm vertically
1) Remove the title, cut horizontally near the embryo
2) Cut the embryo and three-quarters of the endosperm vertically
1) Remove the title, cut horizontally near the embryo
2) Cut the embryo and three-quarters of the endosperm vertically
1) Remove the carboxylation , cross section near the embryo
2) cut the embryo and three quarters of the endosperm
1) cut the seed coat near the middle to remove the vegetative tissue 2) cut the seed coat and vegetative tissue in half lengthwise
18--24
15--24
Preparation and tissue pattern for identification
1) Observe the embryo surface
2) Observe the cut surface
Remove the outer layer
1) Observe; embryo surface
2) Observe: cut surface
1> Cut half or more of the seed coat and separate
2) Peel off the nutrient tissue to expose the embryo and its nutrient tissue
Observe: embryo coat surface
[? Remove the seed coat and nutrient tissue to build the embryo; 2) Press the seeds lightly to expel the embryo from the incision
Remove the nutrient tissue or cut in half or more
the seed coat·expose
1) Observe the embryo surface
2Observe; embryo surface
The back of the scutellum·
11Observe: embryo surface
21Observe: cut surface
1) Observation: embryo surface
2) Observation: cut surface
remove the large seed coat or tear open the mouth or cut the group out of the intestine for identification
(no color, soft or bad north
maximum allowable area
one-third embryo basis
one-third radicle
one-third radicle
one-third visceral root:
seed light wheat
one-third radicle
one-third radicle,
if looking at the table, one-third of the seed end,
if it is covered, one-third of the cotyledon end half of the liver phase;
one-half of the seed is called the end, and or too super One-third of the total area through the cotyledon edge
Radicle other than the original body:.
One-third of the end of the eyebrow
One-third - the visceral root
One-third of the embryonic vessel
Half - radicle:
Half - the end of the leaf, and or the corresponding root
*The center of the shield
unstained tissue, indicating heat injury
GB/T2930.5
12.Chturisapp.
13.Cicerspp.
14.Cichorium spp.
IS.Coroeita spp.
16.Crotatariaspj)
17.Cynpdom spp.
18.Lartylisspp
19. 1r52nodium spp.
20. Echinorhlou spp.
Chinese name
Chloris genus
Hookbill tofu
Chrysanthemum genus
Small Kouhua genus
Pig shit Kezhou
Dog tooth extreme genus
Mountain leech genus
Pre-wet at 20
method!
Preparation before dyeing
3) Cut off the top
6~1811) Cut half of the top seed longitudinally
2] Cut near the embryo
3] Cut off two-thirds of the seed end
1) No need to pierce
2) Cut half of the seed coat and nutrient tissue along the midline1) Cut half of the seed longitudinally along the end of the midline
2) Cut obliquely near the embryonic axis Cut
37Cut off the top
1) Usually cut the seed coat and co-culture tissue near the middle 23Cut the top seed coat and co-culture tissue
3Cut off the top
1) Cut off half of the seed coat at the top
2) Cut the surface seed coat
3) Cut off the top
Table 1 (continued)
At 30℃ Vegetable color
6~-181) 1) Longitudinal cut of the top long-grain seeds, and tear open the part near the embryo. Preparation and tissue observation of identification. Open the incision or remove the outer process, finally remove the embryo. Remove the seed coat or longitudinal cut to expose the liver. 6~21.1) Remove the seed coat and nutritional tissue to expose the embryo: 2) Gently press the seeds to make the embryo come out through the incision. 6~24 ;Remove the seed coat or cut longitudinally to expose the liver
18~24Remove the seed coat or cut longitudinally: expose the embryo
1G~24Cut the nutrient tissue into an incision to expose the embryo18
Observe: embryo surface
Remove the seed coat or make a grade to expose the pressure
Remove the outside, or peel and make a grade to expose the embryo
(not stained, soft or necrotic
Maximum allowable surface rent:
one-third of the radicle
two-thirds of the radicle;
*Measure the hardness of the seeds
one-half of the time, or not more than the leaf edge vitality, the edge can be half of the total surface rent 1
one-quarter Identify the embryo end
One-third of the radicle:Www.bzxZ.net
If on the raft surface, half of the cotyledon end, if diffuse, one-third of the cotyledon end
One-half of the radicle
One-half of the cotyledon end and or the corresponding cotyledon edge of the radicle
One-half of the radicle;
One-half of the cotyledon end, and or the corresponding cotyledon edge of the radicle
Two-thirds of the root
One-third of the radicle
Two-radicle:
One-half of the cotyledon end, and or the corresponding cotyledon edge of the root
One-third of the "embryo pole
The seed coat at the end of the leaf
Cut, soak 4 h
GR/T29305—2001
2L. Eiymns SEE.
22. Etgyirigza spp.
23. Fragyosit Bpp.
24. F'exturr spp.
25. Hedyrarum spP.
26. Hoiews spp.| |tt||27. Hondeum wlgare
28.Laetucaspp.
29. Lespedeza spp.
3n. Lewcaena sPP.
Chinese name
Alpinia
Pseudoceratum
Escutellaria
Fescue
Astragalus
Villus
Lespedeza
Pre-wetting at 20℃
Preparation before dyeing
2) Planting near the embryo
1) Remove the lysate,Cut horizontally near the ovary
2) Cut the embryo and three-quarters of the endosperm longitudinally
1) Remove the granules and cut horizontally near the embryo
2) Cut the embryo and three-quarters of the endosperm longitudinally
1) Remove the granules and cut horizontally near the embryo
2) Cut the embryo and one-quarter of the endosperm longitudinally along the midline of the cotyledons. Cut off the top
1) Remove the title, cut on the plate
2) Cut the embryo and three-quarters of the endosperm longitudinally
1) Cut the embryo with the posterior piece higher
2) Cut the embryo and three-quarters of the endosperm longitudinally
1s1) Cut half of the seed longitudinally along the end of the midline
2) Cut obliquely near the longitudinal axis
3) Cut the top of the cloud
or pierce 1) Remove the surrounding attachments
Leucaena! Cut
2) Cut the top half of the seed coat and nutritional tissue longitudinally Table 1 (continued)
Stain at 30℃
3) Split along the cotyledon line and replace the vegetative tissue 4) Cut off the tip
1 Close to the middle of the tissue to cut the seed coat and nutritional tissue
Preparation and tissue observation for identification
1) Observation: surface
2) Observation: surface
1) Observation: surface
2) Observation: cut surface
Observe; gall: surface
1) Observation: surface
2) Observation: cut surface
Except the nutritional tissue or other half or half of the seed coat 6--24
Exposing the embryo
1 Jump case: facing the surface
2) Next: surface
! ) Observe the surface of the liver
scutellum back·
2) Observation: pig surface
scutellum back
5~24 Remove the seed coat and nutritional tissue or gently press the seeds to reveal the embryo
1.0 6~24
Remove the seed coat and its nutritional tissue or cut longitudinally - expose
(colorless, soft or ring dead
maximum allowable area)
one-third·radicle
one-third·wandering root
one-third·radicle
one-third·radicle
two-thirds·subroot!
Half at the leaf, articular end, and or corresponding to
the leaf edge of the radicle
One third of the toe root
1 root excluding the original root area:
One third of the shield end
One third of the radicle:
Cotyledon shallow coat
One third of the radicle;
One half at the leaf end, and or corresponding to the flat edge of the root
Remove the seed coat and nutritional tissue and make a longitudinal cut to expose half of the radicle!
Avoid
at 7C*
unstained tissue in the center of the scutellum,
indicating heat irritation
GB/T2930.5-2001
31. Lotierm spp.
32.Fatus spp.
34.Medicagns pp.
35.Medilobus spp.
36.Melinis spp.
37.mnbryehis spp.
a8.Pa(umspp.
Chinese name
Black grass
Lotus
Lupinus
Centropy
Treacle
Sainfoin
Pre-wet in 2
Preparation before dyeing
2) Vertically cut the end: half of the seed coat and nutritional tissue 3) Completely remove the end
1) Except for the title, pick and cut near the embryo
[2) Vertically cut the embryo and three-quarters of the endosperm
No need to pierce
No need to pierce:||tt| |[2) Cut off the apical seed coat and vegetative tissue
31 Cut the seed coat and vegetative tissue longitudinally along the midline of the cotyledon 4 Cut away the top
No need to pierce
No need to pierce"
13 The embryo is almost sealed
2) Cut crosswise
Otherwise "pierce"
) Remove the embryo and cut near the embryo
Table 1 (continued)
Preparation and tissue observation for C staining
1) Observe the surface of the embryo
2) Observe the surface of the embryo
Remove the seed coat and extract the embryo
6-24 Remove the seed coat and divide Remove the seed coat and expose the embryo. Remove the seed coat and expose the embryo. (Unstained, soft or necrotic. A large amount is allowed. Half of the end of the cotyledon and the edge of the cotyledon corresponding to the embryo. One third of the embryo. One half of the embryo. One third of the embryo. ：
One quarter of the bud end:
One third of the cotyledon tip, one half of the surface and one third of the root;
One third of the cotyledon end, two half of the surface and two thirds of the radicle
One third of the radicle!
One third of the leaf end, one half of the surface and one third of the radicle;
? If you want to measure the vitality of hard seeds
, you can cut the seed coat at the end of the cotyledon
leaf, set the bubble h
"If you want to measure the vitality of hard seeds
, you can cut the seed coat that has not attached to the cotyledon
leaf, and diffuse the bubble 4 h
"If you want to test the vitality of hard seeds, you can cut the seed coat at the end of the seed leaf and soak it in water for 4h
"If you want to test the vitality of hard seeds, you can cut the seed coat at the end of the seed leaf and soak it in water for 1h
GB/T 2930. 5
5—2001
39.Paspatumupp.
40. Pennisetum kpp.
i41,Photarispp.
42.Phteumspp.
43.Pisumt spp.
44. I'lartago spp.
45. Pmspp.
46. Prlygrmxm spp.
47. Pur7inellig npp.
Chinese name
Sterone
Pennisetum
Timothy
Vea
Plantago
Wet in 20℃
Preparation before dyeing
2) Cut half of the embryo along the end
Lead the middle line and cut half of the seed longitudinally, cut 6~18
separately, squeeze the nutrient tissue around the embryo, and take out the embryo surface 1 (continued)||tt| |Dry at 30℃ and dye
: 6~～181) Cut half of the seed longitudinally along the end of the midline, peel and cut 1.0
surface: separate the nutrient tissue around the embryo and expose the embryo2) Cut the base half longitudinally at the lower part of the seed
1) Remove the forehead and cut just near the embryo
2) Cut half longitudinally along the end of the endosperm
and pierce the cotyledons near the embryo, 1) No need to pierce\
2) Cut half of the seed coat and nutrient tissue along the midline118 --24
1) Rub or use cloth (paper) to peel
2) Cut the end half of the seed along the midline
3> Separate the center and cut the seed coat and nutritional component 4> Cut off the top
Prick the embryo with a needle near the embryo
1) Remove the seed coat and endosperm
2 Cut the end half of the seed along the midline, peel off the surface, separate the embryo and the solid nutritional component
3 ) Cut off a small piece of milk at the end of the neck. Unexpectedly, 2) Preparation for identification and tissue observation near the embryo (unstained, soft or dead ring. The disc is large and the area is allowed to be a quarter of the clear end. Fully peel off the nutritional tissue and record the nutritional tissue of the root and one-third of the root. Fully open the nutritional tissue,Expose the embryo and its adjacent 6- to 24-year-old radicle. Cut open the nutrient tissue and remove the outer layer to expose the embryo. Remove the seed coat and the total axis of the 24-year-old leaf. One-third of the radicle: One-quarter of the end of the shield. One-third of the root. * If the vitality of the cotyledon end and the corresponding root is to be measured, the cotyledon edge can be removed; One-quarter of the bud. 1) Fully open the nutrient tissue to expose the embryo and 18-year-old radicle. 1) Fully open the nutrient tissue to expose the liver and its adjacent nutrient tissue. 2) Cut half of the seed coat and half of the seed coat. Remove the outer layer and expose the embryo. 6--24! 1) Fully open the nutrient tissue to expose the liver and its adjacent nutrient tissue. 2) Cut half of the seed coat longitudinally. Remove the outer layer and expose the embryo. 1) ...
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