Some standard content:
ICS07.060;17.040.30
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T20524—2006
Agriculture and forest microclimate measuring instrument
Agriculture and forest microclimate measuring instrument2006-10-16 Issued
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China Standardization Administration of China
Microcode anti-counterfeiting
2007-04-01 Implementation
GB/T20524—2006
The technical parameters of the temperature, humidity, wind speed and radiation of the agriculture and forest microclimate measuring instrument specified in this standard are basically consistent with the relevant technical parameters in the "Guide to Meteorological Instruments and Observation Methods" (6th edition) issued by the Commission for Instruments and Methods of Observation (CIMO) of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). The maximum allowable errors of temperature and wind speed are stricter than the "achievable operational accuracy requirements" of the World Meteorological Organization. This standard is proposed and managed by the China Meteorological Administration. The drafting unit of this standard is Changchun Meteorological Instrument Research Institute. The main drafters of this standard are Ma Fengchun, Ding Haifang, Tian Yan, Guo Zuojun and Jia Mingshu. This standard is published for the first time.
1 Scope
Agricultural and forestry microclimate observation instrument
This standard specifies the requirements, test methods, inspection rules, packaging and marking of agricultural and forestry microclimate observation instruments. This standard applies to agricultural and forestry microclimate observation instruments (hereinafter referred to as microclimate instruments). 2 Normative references
GB/T20524—2006
The clauses in the following documents become the clauses of this standard through reference in this standard. For any dated referenced document, all subsequent amendments (excluding errata) or revisions are not applicable to this standard. However, the parties who reach an agreement based on this standard are encouraged to study whether the latest versions of these documents can be used. For any undated referenced document, the latest version shall apply to this standard. GB/T191 Pictorial symbols for packaging, storage and transportation (GB/T191-2000, eqvISO780:1997) GB/T4857.3-1992 Test method for static load stacking of packaging and transportation packages (eqvISO2234:1985) GB/T6587.4-1986
GB/T6587.5-1986
GB/T6587.6-1986
Vibration test for electronic measuring instruments
Impact test for electronic measuring instruments
Electronic measuring instruments
Transportation test
GB/T6587.7--1986 Basic safety test for electronic measuring instruments||t t||GB/T6587.8—1986
Electronic measuring instruments
Power frequency and voltage test
GB/T6833.4Electronic measuring instrumentsElectromagnetic compatibility test specificationPower transient sensitivity testGB/T6833.6
Electronic measuring instrumentsElectromagnetic compatibility test specificationConduction sensitivity testGB/T11463Electronic measuring instrumentsReliability testGB/T13264—1991Small batch counting sampling inspection procedure and sampling table for defective product rateGeneral technical conditions for instrument packaging
GB/T15464-1995
3Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this standard. 3.1
Gradient observation
Gradient observation
Synchronous and real-time observation of the distribution of temperature, humidity, wind speed and optical radiation with height (depth) in the near-surface layer. 3.2
Photosynthetically active radiation photosynthetically active radiation The part of solar radiation that can be absorbed by green plants and participate in photosynthesis. 3.3
Microclimate
The climate characteristics in a small area in the near-ground atmosphere and the upper soil layer caused by the heterogeneity of the underlying surface and human activities.
4 Requirements
4.1 Composition
Sensors for air temperature, relative air humidity, soil temperature, wind speed, rainfall, photosynthetically active radiation and total radiation; a)
Data acquisition and processing device;
GB/T20524—-2006
c) Brackets, cables and connectors,
d) Power supply.
4.2 Structure and appearance
4.2.1 Structure
The number of layers and the distance between layers for gradient observation of each meteorological element should be set according to user needs and the distance between layers above the ground should be adjustable; the connecting cables between components should be soft and shielded, and the interface should be waterproofed: all parts, brackets and complete machines should be installed correctly, firmly and reliably, and the operating parts should not be delayed, stuck or loose; the bracket should be stable and there should be no swaying.
4.2.2 Appearance
The appearance geometry and size of the complete machine should meet the requirements of the drawings, and the surface should be smooth, without damage, deformation or coating shedding: the surface of each mechanical component and part should be free of pollution, burrs and rust, and there should be no cracks or wrinkles at the bending part: the product trademark imprint, characters and codes should be complete, clear and firm. 4.3 System Functions
a) Collect, process and display data such as air temperature, soil temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, rainfall, photosynthetically active radiation and total radiation.
The sampling step can be set. When the sampling step is 1h, it should be able to store data for no less than 90 days; the stored data will not be lost when the power is off, the clock will not stop running and save the time setting, c)
Each element will be measured and displayed in turn in a cycle and the measurement and display of single element selection; d)
Two-way real-time communication.
4.4 Performance
4.4.1 Air temperature
Measurement range: -20℃~50℃;
Resolution: 0.1℃;
Maximum allowable error: ±0.15℃.
4.4.2Relative humidity
Measurement range: 10%RH~100%RH(>0℃); resolution: 1%RH;
Maximum allowable error: ±4%RH.
4.4.3Soil temperature
Measurement range: -20℃~80℃;
Resolution: 0.1℃;
Maximum allowable error: ±0.2℃;
Unless otherwise specified, the gradient observation shall be in 5 layers: at the surface and at depths of 5cm, 10cm, 15cm and 20cm from the ground. 4.4.4 Wind speed
Measurement range: 0m/s~15m/s;
Resolution: 0.1m/s;
Maximum allowable error: ±(0.25+0.03v)m/s (v is the actual wind speed); Starting wind speed: ≤0.25m/s;
Wind resistance: 25m/s.
4.4.5 Rainfall
Rainfall intensity: (0~4)mm/min;
Resolution: 0.1mm;
Maximum allowable error:
±0.4mm (rainfall ≤10mm);
±4% (rainfall>10mm).
4.4.6 Photosynthetically active radiation
Measurement range: 0W/m2~700W/m
Maximum allowable error: ±5%.
4.4.7 Total radiation
Measurement range: 0W/m2~1400W/m,
Maximum allowable error: ±5%.
4.5 Electrical safety
4.5.1 Insulation resistance
GB/T20524—2006
a) Tested under indoor working environment conditions, the insulation resistance between the power input end and the metal component or casing should be greater than or equal to 20MQ;
Tested under temperature and humidity environment conditions of 25℃～35℃ and 95%RH, the insulation resistance between the power input end and the metal component or casing should be greater than or equal to 2Ma.
4.5.2 Dielectric Strength
Apply 50Hz, 1500V AC RMS between the power input terminal and the metal component or housing and maintain for 1 minute. There should be no arcing or breakdown.
4.5.3 Leakage Current
When the maximum rated voltage is supplied, <5mA.
4.6 Maximum allowable error of clock
Monthly cumulative: up to 30s.
4.7 Power Supply Adaptability
4.7.1 AC power supply
Should be able to work normally under the conditions of 50 (1 ± 2%) Hz and 220 (1 ± 10%) V. 4.7.2 DC power supply
When the power outage time is less than or equal to 120h, the battery pack should be able to supply power normally. 4.8 Electromagnetic compatibility
4.8.1 Power supply transient sensitivity
a) When a spike signal (amplitude: 220V~440V, rise time: 0.5μs, duration: 10μs) is added to the power line of the microclimate instrument, the microclimate instrument should not fail; 30S after the voltage transient (242V~264V, 198V~176V) process ends, the microclimate instrument should be able to automatically restore to the working b)
state; 30S after the frequency transient (52Hz~55Hz, 48Hz~45Hz) process ends, the microclimate instrument should be able to automatically restore to the working c)
state.
4.8.2 Conducted sensitivity
a) Low-frequency interference: When a signal with a frequency of 30Hz~5kHz and a voltage of 3V is added to the power line of the microclimate instrument, the microclimate instrument should be able to work normally;
b) High-frequency interference: When a signal with a frequency of 50kHz~400MHz and an output impedance of 50α is added to the power line of the microclimate instrument and generates an effective voltage value of 1V, the microclimate instrument should be able to work normally. 4.9 Environmental adaptability
4.9.1 Working environment
a) Indoor part
Temperature: 5℃~40℃
GB/T20524—2006
Humidity: ≤90%RH.
b) Outdoor part
Temperature: -20℃~50℃;
Humidity: ≤100%RH.
4.9.2 Storage and transportation environment
Temperature: -55℃~60℃
Humidity: ≤95%RH.
4.9.3 Vibration
Should meet the requirements of Group II of Chapter 1 "Vibration test of instruments" of GB/T6587.4-1986 4.9.4 ShockwwW.bzxz.Net
Should meet the requirements of Group II of Chapter 1 "Vibration test of instruments" of GB/T6587.5-1986 4.9.5 Transportation
Should meet the requirements of circulation condition level 2 in Table 1 of GB/T6587.6-1986. 4.10 Reliability
Mean time between failures (MTBF) ≥2500h. 5 Test method
5.1 Composition
Visual inspection.
5.2 Structure and appearance
Through actual operation, visual inspection or instrument measurement inspection and design verification. 5.3 System function
Inspect by visual inspection or actual operation when the microclimate instrument is in normal operation. 5.4 Performance
5.4.1 Air temperature
5.4.1.1 Test equipment
Standard instrument: standard thermometer, measuring range: 20℃~80℃, maximum allowable error: main 0.06℃; a)
Low-temperature bath, measuring range: -20℃～15℃, temperature fluctuation: ±0.01℃ (15min), temperature uniformity: b) ≤0.01℃ in horizontal direction and ≤0.02℃ in vertical direction; standard water bath, measuring range: 10℃～80℃, temperature fluctuation: ±0.01℃ (15min), temperature uniformity: c) ≤0.01℃ in horizontal direction and ≤0.02℃ in vertical direction. 5.4.1.2 Test method
The test points of the air temperature sensor are -20℃, -10℃, 0℃, 10℃, 20℃, 30℃, 40℃ and 50℃. The reading can be taken only after the temperature in the tank reaches the test point and stabilizes for 10 minutes; at each test point, read the corresponding temperature display value on the standard instrument and the data logger every 1 minute, and read four times in succession. The average value of the four indications of the standard instrument plus the correction value is used as the standard value, and the average value of the four indications of the temperature sensor under test minus the standard value is used as the indication error at the test point; give the indication error value at each test point, and take the maximum value as the evaluation basis. 5.4.2 Relative humidity
5.4.2.1 Test equipment
Second-class digital standard ventilation psychrometer, measuring range: 10%RH~100%RH, maximum allowable error: ±2%RH; a) Humidity calibration box, humidity adjustment range: 20%RH~100%RH, humidity field non-uniformity: ≤1%RH, b) Instability of humidity control: ≤1.5%RH.
5.4.2.2 Test method
GB/T20524—2006
a) The test point of the humidity sensor is humidified during 20%RH, 30%RH, 50%RH, 70%RH, 90%RH, 98%RH, and dehumidified during 98%RH, 90%RH, 70%RH, 50%RH, 30%RH, 20%RH; each test point is allowed to have a difference of ±2%RH. b) There should be no dehumidification trend during the humidification process, and there should be no humidification trend during the dehumidification process. c) Under indoor working environment conditions, read the humidity test points after stabilization for 10 minutes, subtract the standard instrument's indication from the humidity indication on the data logger to obtain the indication difference, and calculate the average of the indication difference at each test point during the forward and reverse travel. The maximum value of the average of the indication difference at each test point in the full range is used as the evaluation basis. 5.4.3 Soil temperature
The test points of soil temperature sensor are -20℃, -10℃, 0℃, 10℃, 20℃, 30℃, 50℃ and 80℃. The test equipment and test method are the same as 5.4.1.
5.4.4 Wind speed
Test equipment
Second-class standard micro (differential) manometer, maximum allowable error: ±0.8Pa; b)
Pitot tube, 1.005;
Electronic micro anemometer;
d) Wind tunnel;
Barometer, temperature gauge and relative humidity gauge. 5.4.4.2
Test method
Starting wind speed test: install the wind speed sensor in the wind tunnel according to the use status. When the wind cup is in any static state, start the wind tunnel fan control switch to increase the wind speed at a speed of 0.1m/min. The lowest wind speed value when the wind cup starts to start and rotates continuously is the starting wind speed. Repeat the test 3 times according to the above method, and take the maximum value and compare it with the electronic micro wind meter indication as the evaluation basis.
b) Test 1m/s, 2m/s, 5m/s, 10m/s, 15m/s 5 calibration points in sequence. Read each calibration point after it stabilizes for 2 minutes. Repeat 3 times and calculate the arithmetic mean. Compare its value with the actual wind speed value of the wind tunnel. The calculated difference should meet the requirements of 4.4.4. Wind resistance test, the wind speed sensor is fixed in the wind tunnel, the wind speed gradually rises to 25m/s, and stabilizes for 1min. The wind speed sensor is constantly cracked and not damaged.
5.4.5 Rainfall test
5.4.5.1 Tester
313.16mL standard ball, maximum allowable error: ±0.05mL; a)
942.48mL standard ball, maximum allowable error: ±0.16mL; c) Timer.
5.4.5.2 Test method
The test is carried out on a rainfall of 10mm: the rainfall intensity is 0.5mm/min and 4mm/min respectively. A 314.16mL standard ball is used to inject water into the water receiving port of the rain sensor. The injection speed is carried out according to the rainfall intensity of 0.5mm/min and 4mm/min respectively. The rainfall indication on the data logger is recorded; each rainfall intensity is tested three times, and the average value of the three indications minus the standard value of the standard ball is used as the indication difference of the rainfall intensity. The larger value of the difference between the two rainfall intensity indications is used as the maximum allowable error. b) The test is carried out on a rainfall of 30mm: the rainfall intensity is 1mm/min and 4mm/min respectively. The test method is the same as a) of this clause. 5.4.6 Photosynthetically Active Radiation
5.4.6.1 Test Equipment
a) Light source;
b) Digital voltmeter (5.5 digits or more). 5.4.6.2 Test method
Use a light source to illuminate the photosynthetically active radiation sensor at different distances, use a digital voltmeter to measure the output voltage value, then divide this voltage value by 5
GB/T20524—2006
The sensitivity given by each meter to obtain its radiation value, and compare this value with the instrument display value to obtain the difference. 5.4.7 Total radiation
5.4.7.1 Test equipment
a) Light source:
b) Digital voltmeter (5 and a half digits or more). 5.4.7.2 Test method
Use a light source to illuminate the total radiation sensor at different distances, use a digital voltmeter to measure the output voltage value, and then divide this voltage value by the sensitivity given by each meter to obtain its radiation value, and compare this value with the instrument display value to obtain the difference. 5.5 Electrical safety
Perform the test method specified in Chapter 3 of GB/T6587.7--1986. 5.6 Maximum allowable error of clock
Use the central time broadcasting station or satellite navigation astronomical time as the standard. After the microclimate instrument has been running continuously for 30 days, check the maximum allowable error of clock timing.
5.7 Power supply adaptability
5.7.1 AC power supply
Perform the test method specified in Chapter 2 of GB/T6587.8-1986. 5.7.2 DC power supply
Isolate the AC power for 120 hours and check the power supply of the battery pack. 5.8 Electromagnetic compatibility
a) Power supply transient sensitivity: Perform in accordance with the relevant provisions of GB/T6833.4; b) Conducted sensitivity: Perform in accordance with the relevant provisions of GB/T6833.6. 5.9 Environmental adaptability
5.9.1 High temperature test
5.9.1.1 Test equipment
High and low temperature test chambers.
5.9.1.2 Test method
Place the microclimate instrument in the high and low temperature test chambers and make it in normal operation. Raise the temperature to 40℃ at a rate not exceeding 1℃/min and keep the constant temperature for 8 hours (during which the microclimate instrument is in normal operation). Close the test chamber and the microclimate instrument. After 8 hours of natural recovery, re-check the operation of the microclimate instrument.
5.9.2 Low temperature test
5.9.2.1 Test equipment
High and low temperature test chambers.
5.9.2.2 Test method
Place the main unit of the microclimate instrument in test chamber A, and place the sensor part of the microclimate instrument in test chamber B. Lower the temperature of test chamber A to 5°C at a rate not exceeding 1°C/min, and lower the temperature of test chamber B to -20°C at a rate not exceeding 1°C/min. Keep the two test chambers at a constant temperature for 8 hours respectively. Close test chambers A and B. After 8 hours of natural recovery, re-inspect the operation of the microclimate instrument. 5.9.3 Humidity test
5.9.3.1 Test equipment
High and low temperature humidity test equipment.
5.9.3.2 Test method
Place the microclimate instrument in the high and low temperature and hot and humid environment test equipment and make it in normal operation. Raise the temperature to 35℃ at a rate not exceeding 1℃/min, and the humidity to 90%RH, and maintain constant temperature and humidity for 8 hours; lower the temperature to room temperature, and the humidity to 70%RH, close the test box and the microclimate instrument, and after natural recovery for 8 hours, re-inspect the operation of the microclimate instrument. 6
5.9.4 Vibration test
Perform the test in accordance with the requirements of 3.1~3.5 of GB/T6587.4-1986. 5.9.5 Impact test
Perform the test in accordance with the requirements of 3.1~3.3 of GB/T6587.5-1986. 5.10 Reliability test
Perform the test in accordance with the timed tail test plan 1-2 of GB/T11463. 5.11 Packaging and marking
GB/T20524-—2006
The inner packaging shall be tested and determined according to the test procedures in Chapter 5 of GB/T4857.3-1992, and the rest shall be inspected by visual inspection or instruments. 6 Inspection rules
6.1 Inspection categories
The inspection categories specified in this standard are as follows:
a) Identification inspection:
Quality consistency inspection.
6.2 Inspection items
See Table 1 for the inspection items.
Inspection items
Structure and appearance
System function
Electrical safety
Maximum allowable error of clock
Power adaptability
Electromagnetic compatibility
Environmental adaptability
Reliability
Packaging and marking
Requirement chapter number
Inspection items
Test method chapter number
Note: Indicates mandatory inspection items; ○ indicates inspection items negotiated by the manufacturer and the user. 6.3
Identification inspection
Inspection timing
Identification inspection is conducted in the following cases:
When a new product is finalized;
Identification inspection
Quality consistency inspection
When the structure, manufacturing process, materials and components of the finalized product have undergone major changes that may affect the performance of the product; when the product is re-produced after being discontinued for more than two years;
When the quality consistency inspection result is significantly different from the last identification inspection; when the national quality supervision agency proposes the requirement for identification inspection. Group C
GB/T20524—2006
6.3.2 Inspection items and sequence
Inspection items and inspection sequence shall be conducted in the order of Table 1 unless there is a special agreement between the user and the manufacturer. 6.3.3 The number of samples to be inspected
shall be determined by negotiation between the manufacturer and the user, and generally shall not exceed 3 sets. 6.3.4 Qualification judgment
When all the inspected samples are qualified, the product identification inspection shall be judged to be qualified, otherwise it shall be judged to be unqualified. If unqualified items appear, they can also be judged to be qualified after being repaired and re-inspected. Otherwise, it shall be judged to be unqualified. 6.4 Quality consistency inspection
6.4.1 Inspection grouping
a) Group A inspection: non-destructive inspection of all products in an inspection batch to confirm whether the product meets the standard requirements; b) Group B inspection: a non-destructive inspection that is more complicated or time-consuming than Group A inspection; c) Group C inspection: a periodic destructive inspection of product design and material-related characteristics under simulated conditions. 6.4.2 Inspection items
See Table 1 for inspection items.
6.4.3 Group Batch Rules
An inspection batch can be composed of one production batch or several production batches that meet the following conditions: a) These production batches are manufactured under basically the same conditions of materials, processes, equipment, etc.; b) The time for several production batches to form an inspection batch should generally not exceed one month. 6.4.4 Group A Inspection
6.4.4.1 Number of samples to be inspected
All samples shall be inspected.
6.4.4.2 Qualification Judgment
Carry out Group A inspection according to the items specified in Table 1, and those without defects shall be judged as qualified. If any item of the inspected product fails to meet the requirements, the product shall be judged as a defective product. ,
6.4.5 Group B Inspection
6.4.5.1 Sample size
a) When an inspection batch is less than or equal to 10 units, the sample is 3 units; 3 units or less shall be inspected in full. b) When an inspection lot is larger than 10 units, a sampling inspection is conducted. 6.4.5.2 Sampling plan and qualification judgment
From the qualified products of group A, a group B counting sampling inspection is conducted. Its sampling plan and inspection samples shall comply with the requirements of GB/T13264-1991. Its producer risk quality, user risk quality and sampling plan shall be determined by negotiation between the producer and the user. 6.4.6 Group C inspection
6.4.6.1 Group C inspection is a destructive test, which shall be determined by negotiation between the producer and the user. When the user makes an inspection request, the inspection may be conducted through negotiation with the producer. Generally, no more than 3 units. 6.4.6.2 Sampling plan and qualification judgment
Same as group B.
7 Packaging and marking
7.1 Packaging
7.1.1 General requirements
Should comply with the requirements of 4.1 of GB/T15464--1995. 7.1.2 Anti-rust packaging
GB/T20524—2006
Before packaging, the rust-prone parts of the product should be coated with anti-rust grease and wrapped with anti-rust paper. The anti-rust period should be no less than one year. 7.1.3 Inner packaging
7.1.3.1 Except for a few parts (such as brackets) that use simple packaging, all other parts of the microclimate instrument should use protective packaging. 7.1.3.2 The ground temperature sensor should use comprehensive cushioning packaging. The placement of parts in its special packaging box (box) should be consistent with its structural shape. After packaging, it should be ensured that it cannot move freely, is not squeezed, and does not collide. 7.1.3.3 The host system should use partial cushioning packaging. 7.1.4 Outer packaging
7.1.4.1 The outer packaging box should be made into a special packaging box according to the size and quantity of the inner packaging box. 7.1.4.2 When the inner packaging box (box) with completed inner packaging is loaded into the outer packaging box, the partial cushioning method of corner pads or side pads should be used. 7.1.4.3 The number of inner packaging boxes that each outer packaging box can accommodate should be determined according to the number of layers and size of the inner packaging. The number of stacking layers of inner packaging boxes should be determined after testing according to the test procedures in Chapter 5 of GB/T4857.3-1992. 7.1.5 Packaging of random spare parts and documents
7.1.5.1 Random spare parts should be protected differently according to their different properties and shapes; random documents should be packed in moisture-proof bags: cables should not come into contact with greasy substances.
7.1.5.2 After the protective packaging is completed, the spare parts and documents should be packed into the remaining space in the outer packaging box. When a set of instruments has multiple packaging boxes, the random documents should be packed into the main box.
7.1.5.3 The random documents should generally include the following items: Packing list;
Product factory acceptance certificate:
Product instruction manual;
Other documents stipulated in the product order contract. 7.2 Marking
7.2.1 Packing marking
Product model, name and quality;
Box size;
c) Quality;
Packing date;
Arrival station (port) and receiving unit and person;
f) Others.
7.2.2 Product marking
a) Product model and name;
Manufacturing unit or trademark;
Manufacturing date or batch number;
d) Others.
7.2.3 Pictorial marking
Packaging, storage and transportation Pictorial marking shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB/T191. 7.2.4 National production license marking
For microclimate instruments that have obtained national production licenses, the number of the production license and other markings shall be indicated on the accompanying documents or packaging boxes. 9
GB/T20524—2006
8 Transportation, storage and stacking
8.1 Transportation
The packaged microclimate instrument can be transported by conventional means of transportation, and should be protected from direct rain and snow during transportation. 2 Purchase and storage
The microclimate instrument should be stored in an environment better than that specified in 4.9.2, and no corrosive volatiles should be present. Stacking
The number of stacking layers of the microclimate instrument outer packaging should be determined after testing according to the test procedures in Chapter 5 of GB/T4857.3-1992. 10
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