Rules of operation for the production technology of conventional rice basic seed
Some standard content:
GB/T17316
In order to standardize the production technology of conventional rice basic seed, maintain the purity and excellent quality of the variety, and enable it to be used in production for a long time, the rice basic seed production technology operation procedures are specially formulated. This standard is proposed and registered by the Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China. Appendix A and Appendix B of this standard are both appendices of the standard. The responsible drafting units of this standard are: National Seed Station, Huisu Provincial Seed Station, Jiangxi Provincial Seed Station. The main drafters of this standard are: Huo Yikuan, Fan Ruijing, Liu Shaoying, Jin Yuxiang, Zhang Yuqing. This standard is entrusted to the National Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center of the Ministry of Agriculture for interpretation. The first release time of this standard was April 1998. 172
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Rice Basic Seed Production Technology Operation Procedures
GB/T17316
Rules of operation for the production technology of conventional rice basic seed1Scope
This standard specifies the production technology requirements of conventional rice basic seed. This standard applies to conventional rice stock production. 2 Referenced standardswww.bzxz.net
The provisions contained in the following standards constitute the provisions of this standard through their use in this standard. The points shown in this standard version are valid. All standards will be revised, and the parties using this standard should explore the possibility of using the latest version of the following standards. GB/13543.1~-3543.71995 Inspection procedures for crop seeds GB4404.11996 Grain crop seeds Cereals 3 Definitions
This standard adopts the following definitions.
Basic seed
Seeds that meet the quality standards of basic seed produced directly from breeder seeds or according to the technical regulations for basic seed production. 4 Basic seed production
4.1 Methods
Adopt the improved mixed selection method, that is, the three-field system (plant-row field, plant-line field, basic seed field) or the two-two system (plant-row field, basic seed field) of single plant selection, line comparison, and mixed propagation, and direct propagation using breeder seeds. 4.2 Selection of individual plants
4.2.1 Seed sources
Select from original seed nurseries, selected strains within the strains, fields with high purity or fields with low-generation seeds. If conditions permit, selection can be set up for selection. The technical regulations for selection are in Appendix B (Appendix to the standard). 4.2.2 Selection criteria
\The following traits of the selected individual plants must conform to the characteristics of the original variety, "three qualities", "four types", "five colors" and "one period". "Three qualities" refer to typicality, efficiency and high yield: "four types" refer to plant type, leaf type, ear type and grain type; "five colors" refer to leaf color, leaf sheath color, lemma color, tip color and awn color; "period" refers to the growing period.
4.2.3 Selection period
Preliminary selection is carried out at the heading stage and well marked. Reselect each plant at the maturity stage, uproot the selected individual plants, dry them in time and hang them for storage to prevent damage by rats and birds. Prevent single plants from being selected in the side rows or around missing plants. 4.2.4 The number of selections
depends on the area of the original seed nursery. The number of preliminary selections should be doubled compared to the number of final selections. Approved by the State Administration of Quality and Technical Supervision on April 3, 1998 and implemented on October 1, 1998
4.2.5 Indoor seed testing and final selection
GB/T17316-1998
Combined with visual inspection, unqualified single plants are eliminated, and then each plant is tested. 4.2.6 Seed testing items
Plant height, number of grains per ear, fruit setting rate, dry grain weight, single plant grain weight, and calculate the average plant height and the average number of grains per ear. 4.2.7 The plant height of the selected single plant should be within the range of the average ± 1 cm, and the number of grains per ear should not be lower than the average, and then the best ones are selected according to the single plant grain weight. 4.2.8 The selected individual plants are numbered, threshed, bagged, re-dried and stored. 4.3 Row nurseries
4.3.1 The individual plants selected last year are planted in zones according to their numbers to establish row nurseries. 4.3.2 Raising seedlings: The seedling fields adopt the local seedling raising method, and each individual plant is sown in a plot (the control seeds are sown in zones with the original seeds of last year). The plot area and sowing amount are required to be consistent. The seeds must be treated with pesticides, and the soaking, germination and sowing of all individual seeds (including control seeds) must be completed separately in…. After sowing, the soil is raked and the plots are raked to prevent mixing. 4.3.3 Field design: Draw a field planting map. When pulling up the seedlings and transplanting, each individual seedling is tied with a label, transported to the field with the seedlings, and cut and planted according to the field design map.
4.3.4 Each single plant shall be cut into a plot, and the single plants shall be cut and planted in order of number and marked with a sign. Each plot shall be planted on the same day. The plot shall be rectangular with a length-to-width ratio of 3:1. The area and planting density of each plot shall be consistent to ensure the same nutrient area. There shall be walkways between the plots, and a control row area shall be set up every 9 rows. Protective rows (not less than 3 rows) shall be set up around the row garden, and isolation measures shall be taken. The spatial isolation distance shall be not less than 20m, and the time isolation flowering period shall be more than 15 days. 4.3.5 All technical measures for room management shall be consistent and completed on the same day. 4.3.6 Please refer to Appendix A (Standard Appendix) for the observation and record items. n) Seed emergence period: sowing period, leaf posture, leaf color, and stress resistance. b) This use period: during the transplanting period and the vine division period, the leaf posture, leaf blade, leaf sheath color, strength, and stress resistance are measured; during the heading period, the heading stage, the heading uniformity, the plant leaf type, and the total number of leaves in the main season are measured; during the maturity period, the plant height, plant type, number of ears, ear grain type, the presence or absence of awns, grain fullness, plant uniformity, stress resistance, maturity period, maturity phase, and visual yield are measured. 4.3.7 A specific person should be appointed to be responsible for the observation and record during use, and the location and plant should be fixed to ensure timely and accurate observation. If there are mutant plants and plants and rows with poor growth, they should be marked for elimination at any time. 4.3.8 Based on the observation and record data during the preparation period, a comprehensive field assessment should be carried out before harvesting. The selected plant and row area must have the typical characteristics of this variety, the consistency between plants and rows, the overall yield is good, the uniformity of plants and ear types is good, and the number of ears is not lower than the control. Compared with the control (mode), the heading stage and maturity stage are within 1d (day) of the soil; compared with the control (average), the plant height is within 1cm of the soil. After the selected plant row area is determined, the protection row, control area and eliminated plant row area will be harvested first. Check the selected row areas one by one, harvest, thresh and check the yield in different areas. If the "two-field system" is used, mixed harvesting can be done.
4.3.9 Before threshing, clean the threshing site, machinery, tools, etc. to prevent mixing. Seeds in each row area should be threshed, dried and stored separately, and labeled to prevent damage and mildew caused by rats, insects, etc. 4.4 Strains
4.4.1 Plant the seeds of each plant area selected in one year in different areas to establish a plant nursery. 4.4.2 The area and cutting density of each plant area must be consistent, and single planting should be adopted. A control area should be set up every 9 plant areas. Other requirements 4.3,
4.4.3 Observation and recording items H and selection period 4.3. The selected strains must have the typicality of the variety, consistency between strains, high uniformity and good productivity. The selected strains are mixed and harvested, threshed and stored. 4.5 Source seed tolerance
4.5.1 Use the seeds of the strains (rows) harvested in the previous year or the seeds of the breeder to expand the reproduction and establish the original seed nursery. 4.52 The original seed nursery should be concentrated and continuous. Isolation requirements 4.3. 4.5.3 Pre-sowing treatment: sparse sowing to cultivate strong seedlings; single planting in the field; increase the application of organic fertilizers, and rationally apply nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers to promote strong stalks and full grains; timely control of diseases, weeds, and weeds 1
GB/T17316
4.5.4 Observe at each growth stage, remove diseased, inferior, and mixed plants in time, and carry them out of the field. 5 Seed harvesting, storage, and inspection
5.1 After harvesting the selected plant rows, plant lines, and original seeds, they should be threshed and dried in a special field in time. 5.2 The threshed seeds are put into seed bags, and labels are attached inside and outside the bags, with the variety name and field number written on them, and they are stored in order. 5.3 The air-drying (hanging storage) room and warehouse should be managed by a dedicated person. Keep the room dry during storage, and pay attention to prevent mixing and insects, frogs, mutations, as well as l, sparrows, etc. to ensure seed quality.
5.4 The unit producing the original seed should do a good job in seed inspection, and the seed inspection department shall conduct re-inspection according to GB/T3543.1~-3543.7, and issue a certificate of conformity for the original seed that meets the standards specified in (G131404.1); for unqualified seeds, put forward treatment opinions. 175
A1 Phenological period
GB/T17316 1998
Appendix A
(Standard Appendix)
Field Recording Items and Indoor Seed Testing Methods
A1.1 Seedling Period, Germination Period, Sowing Period, Transplanting Period (Day/Month, Same Below). A1.2 Heading Period: The date when 10% of the panicles of the plants are exposed to the sword leaf sheath. A1.3 Heading Period: The date when 80% of the panicles of the plants are exposed to the sword leaf sheath. A1.4 Maturity Period: The date when more than 95% of the stalk rice and more than 85% of the glazed rice are yellow and ripe, the rice is firm, and can be harvested. A2 Morphological Characteristics
A2.1Leaf posture: divided into two levels: curved, medium, and straight (curved: the leaves bend from the stem and hang down more than a semicircle; straight: the leaves grow upright; medium: between curved and straight).
A2.2Color: divided into dark green, green, and light green, and recorded once 1 to 2 days before transplanting and at the peak of the harvest. A2.3Sheath color: divided into green, light red, red, purple, etc., and recorded at the peak of the harvest. A2.4Plant type: divided into three levels: compact, loose, and medium. A2.5Spike type: two major classification methods, which refers to the density of spikelets and branches and branches, and divided into three levels: compact, medium, and loose; the second is the degree of bending of the spike, divided into upright, arc, and medium. A2.6Grain type: divided into four types: oval, short round, elliptical, and straight back. A2.7: Divided into four types: no awn, top awn, short awn, and long awn (no awn: no awn or very short awn; top awn: short awn at the top of the spike, awn length less than 10mm; short awn: some or all spikelets have awn, awn length 10~15mm; long awn: some or all spikelets have awn, awn length more than 25mm). A2.8 Glume and glume tip color: divided into yellow, red, purple, etc. A2.9 Plant height: the height from the ground to the top of the spike (excluding awn), expressed in "cm", measured in the field before harvesting. A3 Biological characteristics
A3.1 Cold resistance: Under low temperature conditions, the seedling field period is divided into strong, medium, and weak levels according to the degree of leaf yellowing and wilting, seedling emergence speed, and rot; the heading and fruiting period is divided into heading speed, leaf freezing degree, fruiting rate, ripening color, etc. A3.2 Lodging resistance: record the lodging period, cause, area, and degree. The degree of lodging is divided into straight (the angle between the plant and the ground is 0°~15°), oblique (15°~45°), fallen (45° until the ear touches the ground), and lodging (the plant is close to the ground). A3.3 Disease and insect resistance: self-tested according to different diseases and insect pests, divided into four levels: none, light, medium, and severe. A3.4 Berberis: divided into three levels: strong, medium, and weak. A3.5 Heading uniformity: self-tested during the heading period, divided into three levels: uniform, medium, and irregular. A3.6 Plant and ear position (layer) uniformity: visually observed during the maturity period, divided into three levels: uniform, medium, and irregular. A4 Economic traits
A4.1 Effective ears: ears with more than 5 filled grains per ear are effective ears (white ears are considered effective ears). Field surveys are repeated twice before harvest, with a total of 20 holes. The number of effective ears per ear is calculated according to formula (A1):
Effective ears per ear - number of holes per ear × number of effective ears per hole A4.2Total number of grains per ear: including full grains, half-full grains and empty shelled grains. A4.3Fruit setting rate is calculated according to formula (A2):
Fruit setting rate (%) -
Number of full grains per ear
Total number of grains per ear
GB/T17316-1998
A4.4Thousand-grain weight: the weight of 1000 full grains (including standard moisture content), expressed in "g". A4.5Single-plant grain weight: the weight of total full grains per plant (including standard moisture content), expressed in "g". Appendix B
(Standard Appendix)
Single-plant selection nursery
The range of seed sources selected should be wide and the number should be large. The original seeds produced in the previous year can be used as the main body, and the field seeds with high purity and no diseases and insect pests can be produced, seeds from other places and low-generation seeds stored in low-temperature warehouses. The seeds should be treated with pesticides before sowing, and the seeds should be sparsely sown to cultivate strong seedlings of the right age. B2
B3 Select uniform and strong seedlings, and cut and plant them at equal distances so that each individual plant can grow and develop under good and relatively consistent conditions. Leave 1...1 every 1218 rows as a walkway to facilitate field operations. B4 Careful management and scientific use of fertilizers to ensure uniformity and prevent lodging. B5II Inter-plant observations should be carried out at any time during the entire growth process. If mutant individual plants are found, they should be marked in time. The time, method and standard for selecting individual plants are the same as Article 4.2. B6
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