QB/T 2532-2001 Performance test method for household electric shavers
Some standard content:
QH/T2532--2001
This standard is equivalent to the International Electric 1. ... a) Change the expressions such as M, ya, n; r in the original text to the expressions such as Man, M, 0) Change the expressions of 1/2(+1) and /2(月-) in Appendix C to (十1)/2 and (元--1)/2, c) Change the "E........· Your own razor" in Table C3 of Appendix C to "E Your own razor", 101·....108\ to "101～08\, and so on.
This standard is proposed by the General Business Department of China Light Industry Federation. This standard is under the jurisdiction of Quanrun Household Appliances Standardization Center. Drafting list of this standard: Guangzhou Electric Science Research Institute, Zhuhai Philips Home Appliances Co., Ltd., Panasonic Electric Wanbao Electric (Guangzhou) Co., Ltd. Boqi (Shanghai ) Co., Ltd.: The drafters of this standard: Huang Wenxiu, Peng Weihui, Chen Yuliang, Bie Chuye, Chu Haiping, Hui Peihong. QB/T2532--2001
IEC Standards
1) IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) is a worldwide standardization organization composed of national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The purpose of IEC is to promote international cooperation on issues related to standardization in the fields of electrotechnical and electrical engineering. To this end, IEC publishes international standards in addition to other activities. The formulation of these standards is entrusted to various technical committees. Member national committees of IEC can participate in the formulation of the standards as long as they are interested in them. International, government and non-governmental organizations affiliated with IEC may also participate in the formulation of the standards. 1) The IEC and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) cooperate closely under the terms of the relevant agreement. 2) Formal resolutions or agreements of the IEC on technical issues, drawn up by technical committees in which all national committees with special concerns about the issue participate, express, as far as possible, the international consensus on the issues involved. 3) These formal resolutions or agreements are published in the form of standards, technical reports or guidelines and recommended for international use, and in this sense are accepted by the national committees.
4) In order to promote international unification, IEC national committees should clearly and to the greatest extent possible convert IFC international standards into national or regional standards. [IEC standards are accompanied by corresponding national or regional standards. If there are any differences, they should be included in the national standards or The regional standards are clearly indicated.
TEC 61254 was prepared by IFCTC 59 Technical Committee on Performance of Household Appliances. The text of this standard is based on the following documents: Draft International Standard
59(CO)33
For detailed information on the voting of this standard, please see the voting report listed in the table above. Appendixes A, B, C and D are an integral part of this standard. Appendix E and F are used as reminders:
TiKAoNiKAca=
Decision Report
59(CO)35
QB/12532-2001
The performance characteristics of razors are usually determined by the complete analysis of a test group. The results of such tests may be affected by the following two factors: long-term use of a certain type of razor before the test; and subsequent use of a specific razor series during the test. The influence of the user may also be affected. In the test methods of this standard, such problems are mainly solved by taking the following measures: a) Care is taken to ensure that the shaving pairs of the commercial series (transformation and replication) are represented by the same number of users. b) Each tester uses his own razor before using each test razor to maintain the balance between the razor series throughout the test period. c) Conclusions on differences between razors are based on statistical analysis and take into account possible user influences (see a)). Method: The performance data are determined on a non-comparative basis and the results should be evaluated by comparison. 1 Scope
Light Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
Methods for testing the performance of household electric shavers
QB/T 2532-2001
idt EC 61254:1993
This standard describes and specifies the main performance characteristics of electric shavers for men, which are of interest to the user, and describes the standard method for testing these characteristics.
This standard does not include safety or performance requirements.
2 Definitions
2.1 AC shavers
Shavers powered directly from the mains
Note: This type of shaver may also be suitable for use with an additional power source. 2.2 Rechargeable shavers Rechargeable shavers powered by rechargeable batteries that have an inherent shaving power. Note: Rechargeable shavers may also be powered directly from the mains. 2.3 Battery shaver: A shaver powered by a battery. 2.4 Car shaver: A shaver powered by a car or a book battery. 2.5 Rotary shaver: A shaver with a shaped head, usually with a rotating blade. 2.6 Reciprocating shaver: A shaver with a linear head, usually with a reciprocating blade. 2.7 Rimmer: A built-in trimmer for trimming special facial hair, such as beards and leg beards. 3 Test items
The performance is determined by performing the following tests: Overall dimensions (5.T):
Material (5.2)
- Length of power cord (5.3);
Operating time of rechargeable shaver after each charge (6.1);
Operating time of battery shaver after each battery replacement (G.2); Shaving performance (7);
Trimmer performance (8) +
Re-evaluation of the difference in shaving performance (9). 4 General conditions for the test
Unless otherwise specified, the test is performed under the following conditions. Approved by China National Light Industry Federation on November 15, 2001 TKA0NTKAa=
Implementation on May 1, 2002
- Ambient temperature: (205)℃:
- Power supply voltage Rated voltage.
5 Dimension Traceability
5.1 External Dimensions
QB/T2532200T
Measure the maximum external dimensions of the razor, such as height, length, width or diameter, and express them in grams. Any protruding parts of the razor itself, including the control button and the power supply cover, should be taken into account. Movable parts such as trimmers should be measured in the closed position. The external dimensions of the razor storage case (or tray) should also be measured. 5.2 Quality
Measure the quality of the razor in use and express it in grams, rounded to 5. ; "The cord in use refers to the cord without protective cover but with light (if it is suitable for the host! 5.3 Length of the power cord
The distance between the power cord and the plug, including all cord protection covers, shall be 0.06m. The spiral cord shall be straightened with a pulling force of about 1rlaN. 6 Determination of working time after each charge
6.1 Rechargeable battery The working time after each charge shall be fully charged and discharged, and then the battery shall be fully charged according to the instructions for use. It shall be 5 hours per working day. min, 24h interval, when the shaver is idling in the air and the voltage of a single battery drops below 1.05V, the test ends. The working time is expressed in minutes. Note: The working time determined by this test sequence will be longer than the time obtained in actual use. 6.2 Working time of battery-powered shaver after each battery replacement The shaver is operated according to 6.1 with a new battery. When the voltage of a single battery of the shaver drops to about .9V while idling in the air, the test cable is tested. The working time is expressed in minutes.
Note: The working time determined by this test procedure will be longer than the time obtained in actual use. 7 Shaving performance
7.1 Composition of the test groups
Each test group shall be composed of subjects who are reasonably representative of the adult population of the country in which the test is to be carried out. Special attention shall be paid to beard density, beard growth rate, beard toughness, sensitivity to skin discomfort and time spent on shaving. The composition of the test group should not be influenced by prior knowledge. Several sub-test groups of varying size may be formed, each representing one of the two basic razor families: Rotary razor users (ROTA group): Reciprocating razor users (VIBRA group!). For statistical reasons, the number of subjects in each sub-test group shall be at least 12.
1. In order to ensure that the composition of the test group is not significantly affected by the actual situation in a particular country, the sub-test groups shall have comparable composition. 2. A test group or sub-test group consisting of subjects who use a different type of razor (VIBRA group) may be considered. 7.2 Test time and test procedure
|7.2.1 Test time
Before the test cycle, there is a familiarization period for two-way use, so that the test subjects of the test group can be familiar with the other single razor series, namely: the magic razor is used to familiarize the subjects with the reciprocating razor, and the subjects who have used the reciprocating razor are familiar with the shaving with the shaving blade. The test period of each shaving cycle should start within 20 days after the familiarization period, and there are 3 days in total. On the first day of each test cycle, the subjects use their own razor (see Appendix [). Note:
QB/T 25322001
1. If there are not many types of razors to be tested, the three weeks of testing can be extended to a shaving day, and the subjects can use their own razors after seven days (see Appendix D).
2. The subjects with sparse or light beards are not included in the test group. One new frequency can be added each test day. See Appendix. 7.2.2 Test procedure
Day 1
After the first shave, each subject in the test group uses his own shaving as a reference. Fill in the following table immediately after shaving The questionnaire (see Appendix A) was not required to be completed during the first two test sessions. Note that the questionnaire 1 is not included in the final analysis. It can be used by the test department to illustrate the characteristics of the entire test group, especially with regard to the level of judgment scores.
Day 2 and Day 3
On the second and third days, the test group subjects shaved with one of the test razors. During both shaving sessions, the subjects used a stopwatch to record the shaving time and immediately filled out Questionnaire 2 (see Appendix A) regarding shaving time, residual cleanliness, and skin comfort. 2. Appendix P gives the possible variations of the test plan. 7.2.3 Operation, convenience and storage issues For each test period, the operation, convenience and storage of the test razors should be evaluated and Part 3 (see Appendix A) should be completed on the last day of the test period.
The test continues until each tester in the test group has tried each test razor once. Appendix B gives the requirements for the testers in the test group. 7.3 Distribution of razors
The distribution of razors should ensure that each tester in the test group. Shave with each razor in turn:
Use each test razor the same number of times (once in a row), and the following rules should be followed as much as possible.
"For each tester in the test group, the order of distribution of razors should be different. 1. This procedure avoids possible interactions between razors. The first razor blade to be tested should not be the same as the remaining razor blade used during the familiarization period. If a particular shaving force system (reciprocating or rotary) is largely underrepresented, all shaving knives for that system should be tested sequentially.
Note: 2. This sequence limits the effect of over-representation of another system. The number of knives of each type should be kept as small as possible. Note: 3. Each shaving machine is judged individually. However, the method described by Kraitch (1953) may be used as a useful tool to generate a distribution plan. An example of the method is given in Appendix C. 7.4 Statistical Analysis
The results were analyzed by analysis of variance using the 1C scoring system shown in Appendix A. The following sources of variables are included:
- variables generated by the test group force surface;
- variables generated by the user in the test group P); - variables generated by the shaving surface;
- variables generated by the interaction effect;
- variables generated by the interaction effect (p)X; - variables generated by experimental error (residual). Example: Table 1 shows the sources of variables and the number of degrees of freedom (dF) associated with them. For this example: =2t(p)=18, n=9 (number of replicates)=2.
-TKIKAca-
variable source
total mean
divided into test groups p
QH/T2532-2001
Table 1 Variable source and related self-degree
Messenger test group
Shaver model"
Interaction n
Interaction)
white degree
F test age can be used to evaluate the quality of the model. If a large difference is given between the models, it is possible to establish a model cluster (see E)
7. 5 Final Score
If the statistical analysis shows a significant interaction between the sub-group and the razor model (pXn), the results for each sub-group should be presented separately.
For each outcome, such as the cleanliness of the cheeks, chin, and nose (see Appendix A), the results of the analysis can be presented graphically. The following is an example of the results for nine razors X to ,.
The levels below the symbols X, ... Gravimetric performance
Evaluation of trimmer performance is covered in Volume 3 (Appendix A). 9 Quantitative analysis of shave differences
In this analytical method, the relative shaves produced by different types of razors are determined by determining the total amount of hair and skin produced and by mathematically processing and statistically analyzing the data. This method is a quantitative characterization. The test subject shaves the beard on one side of the face with a razor of one true size and shaves the beard on the other side with a razor of another size. Therefore, the analysis results are always related to differences in beard mass rather than absolute values. Gravimetric quantitative analysis should be carried out in the laboratory.
Note: The appendix gives a detailed reference to the research and background of this method. 9.1 Composition of test groups
The composition of each test group shall be as specified above. The number of subjects in each sub-test group shall be at least 6 and preferably 12.9.2 Test procedure and allocation scheme
The test cycle of this method is four days, divided into two groups. The day before the first test day, the subjects shaved at home as usual (see Figure 1).
During the test period, the subjects shaved each time until they thought they were 100% clean.
Day 1
QB/T2532—2001
On the first shaving day, the subjects arrived at the laboratory with a beard that had grown for days. The subjects shaved the left side of the face with a personal razor and the left side of the face with a razor that had been shaved. The time for each test was recorded separately. On the second day
(24 ± 1), the subjects returned to the laboratory without shaving. Although the beard had grown, the difference in the cleanness of the shaving produced by using the A razor and the B razor on the first shaving day can still be seen from the difference in the length of the root of the left and right sides of the test. Each participant is tested with a reference razor for 5 days. The shaving time is recorded. The amount of beard and skin removed and collected, M, is determined by weighing the weight of the basic shaving force before and after the test. Note: 1. The reference razor can be a razor of the same model, as long as the shaved beard is retained. 2. M can be accurately determined using an analytical balance. 3. The temperature of the beard should be similar after the test. Repeat this test procedure on the right side.
Note 4. When using different reference razors of different models, the difference in the amount of shave (expressed in g) before and after the first shaving day using A and B razors is the difference in shave quality between the left and right sides (M-M).
Note: 5. In general, the total weight of the shaving line is about 50 mR. The difference in the amount of hair removed between the left and right sides is 1 mg to 10 mg. f. Because using fingers to pick up the auxiliary razor can cause impurities to stick to the razor, laboratory staff and testers should use more protective gloves. The test can be performed in a room with controlled temperature and humidity to improve the accuracy of the test. Note: 7. If the tester waits for 5 minutes in the room before cutting the target,One benefit is that the subject's scalp condition can be standardized. This is particularly important in the summer, when subjects may sweat excessively. 9.2.1 Left-right effect
To eliminate the difference in the amount of beard between the left and right faces, repeat the steps using the razors in the reverse order. The next step is similar to the first test day, this time using razor B on the left side of the face and razor A on the right side of the face. The fourth test is similar to the second test, this time obtaining the difference in the quality of shaving between the right and left sides of the face (Mu - M). Note: There may be a period of time between the second and third tests, during which the test subjects use their own shaving habits. 9.2.2 Testing of more than two types of shaving razors If more than two types of shaving razors are to be tested, each test subject uses a reference razor with which the test razor blade is compared. In this case, if n types of razors (n to 1) are to be evaluated, the first test subject uses a razor of type 2 as the reference shaving force (n.) and shaves in the following order: The second test subject uses a razor of type 3 as the reference razor (n:) and shaves in the following order: Each tester always starts the test with the same type of front blade combination (i.e. n=2, n=n, etc.), and the other combinations are tested in numerical order.
Each type of shaving is performed the same number of times with the standard razor. 9.3 Conversion of mass to average root length The mass of the beard is converted to average root length, which is the difference in mass of the beard on the left and right sides of the face divided by the product of the total number of hairs on the face (n), the beard density (p) and the average cross-sectional area of the beard (F). Note 1: In the process of developing the quantitative analysis method, the average F of the large test group was established. It was found that the beard piece accounted for 75% of the total mass of the hair removed, and the average growth length of the missing beard within 24 hours was about 400 μm. Thus,
-TTKAONTKAca-
QB/T 2532~-2001
-975(M + M.) -1. 875 × J0(M +M.)nF
In order to calculate the average residual beard root length of the whole face, multiply the worst value of the beard quality between the left and right faces by 2, and the average residual beard root length of the whole face is:
2(Mg -- Mr)
1.875×10=(M,+M.)
- 1 067
Note 2. For example, if M,=40.12ng, M. =38.6rE, the average residual beard length is - (40. + -- 38. 6)
740.4—38,65
9.4 Statistical analysis
Statistical analysis is performed based on all individual Mu-M and MM data or on all individual data. 067
(M--Man)
(Mn+Mw)
If more than two models of razors are tested, the analysis of variance should be carried out as described in 7.4, with the addition of the following variables. Variables arising from the figure:
one variable arising from the interaction P × :; one variable arising from the interaction (P × ):; one variable arising from the interaction (P × ):; one variable arising from the interaction (P × ):. Notes:
1. If only two models of razors are compared, a significance test should be carried out on the basis of the data (each experimenter eliminates the "left-hand" effect), (Main - Mr ++ Mi - Ma)
(Mn+M + Mn+Mw)
2. The conversion from mass to mean residual beard root length can be omitted and the statistical analysis carried out on the basis of the mass values. The knife models are graded as described in 7.5. Before
Model S
Day 2 Shave
QB/T2532~-2001
Model S
Model A
Day 1 Shave
Model S
Model B
Model A
Shave No. B
Day 3 Shave
Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the test procedure
-TTKAONIKACa-
Circle the applicable mathematical
Shaving time (with stopwatch)
OB/T 2532-2001
Attached to the Appendix of the Standard)
Title 1
Give the total time for shaving the face (including the time for shaving if using soap) Shave degree
{) Cheeks, chin, under the nose
very clean
not clean at all
11215141516171r10]
2) Neck
not clean at all
Skin discomfort
[】Does the skin feel burning or painful after shaving?
Not clean at all
1234567510
2) Do you still feel any discomfort? (skin scratches or beard resistance, etc.) If yes, please explain below,
Overall judgment on shaving performance
1) How do you rate the overall shaving quality (time, shaving cleanliness, skin comfort) of the razor you compare? Very good
Very bad
1i34lia
QB/T2532--2001
Questionnaire 2
Note the position of any adjustable controls, regardless of the position of the "()N/O)FF\ switch or voltage selector. Fill in the applicable number in each item
Time for shaving (using a stopwatch)
Record the total time you spend shaving your face.
Clearance
1) Cheeks, chin, under the cheeks
Not clean
21345617
2) Neck
Not clean| |tt||1123456
3) Do you need to use a trimmer to shave some long beards? For example, the neck area? Skin discomfort
1) Does your skin feel burning or painful after shaving? Very
2) Do you feel any other discomfort? (Skin scratches or beard pulling, etc.) If so, please tell us below:
Overall judgment on shaving performance
1) How would you rate the overall performance of the tested razor (time, cleanliness, skin comfort)? Good
TTKANTKAca=
Clean
Clean
Not painful at all)nF
To calculate the average residual beard root length on the whole face, multiply the worst value of beard quality between the left and right faces by 2, and the average residual beard root length on the whole face is:
2(Mg -- Mr)
1.875×10=(M,+M.)
- 1 067
Note 2. For example, if M,=40.12ng, M.=38.6rE, the average residual beard length is- (40. + -- 38. 6)
740.4—38.65
9.4Statistical analysis
Statistical analysis is performed based on all individual Mu-M and MM data or on all individual data. (Man-M1 067
(M--Man)
（M car M）
If more than two models of razors are tested, the analysis of variance should be carried out as described in 7.4, and the following variables should be added. The variables generated by the figure are:
one variable generated by the interaction P×:; one variable generated by the interaction force)×; one variable generated by the interaction ×. Note:
1. If only two models of razors are compared, in order to estimate whether the mean difference in beard root length is significantly different from the required value, a significance test should be carried out on the basis of the data (each experimenter eliminates the "left-hand\ effect", (Main - Mr ++ Mi - Ma )
(Mn+M + Mn+Mw)
2. The transition from mass to mean residual beard root length can be simplified and statistical analysis can be performed on the basis of mass values. The razor model is graded as described in 7.5, before
Model S
Day 2 Shave
QB/T2532~-2001
Model S
Model A
Day 1 Shave
Model S
Model B
Model A
Shave B
Day 3 Shave
Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the test procedure
-TTKAONIKACa-
Circle the applicable mathematical
Shaving time (with stopwatch)
OB/T 2532-2001
Attached to the Appendix of the Standard)
Title 1
Give the total time for shaving the face (including the time for shaving if using soap) Shave degree
{) Cheeks, chin, under the nose
very clean
not clean at all
11215141516171r10]
2) Neck
not clean at all
Skin discomfort
[】Does the skin feel burning or painful after shaving?
Not clean at all
1234567510
2) Do you still feel any discomfort? (skin scratches or beard resistance, etc.) If yes, please explain below,
Overall judgment on shaving performance
1) How do you rate the overall shaving quality (time, shaving cleanliness, skin comfort) of the razor you compare? Very good
Very bad
1i34lia
QB/T2532--2001
Questionnaire 2
Note the position of any adjustable controls, regardless of the position of the "()N/O)FF\ switch or voltage selector. Fill in the applicable number in each item
Time for shaving (using a stopwatch)
Record the total time you spend shaving your face.
Clearance
1) Cheeks, chin, under the cheeks
Not clean
21345617
2) Neck
Not clean| |tt||1123456
3) Do you need to use a trimmer to shave some long beards? For example, the neck area? Skin discomfort
1) Does your skin feel burning or painful after shaving? Very
2) Do you feel any other discomfort? (Skin scratches or beard pulling, etc.) If so, please tell us below:
Overall judgment on shaving performance
1) How would you rate the overall performance of the tested razor (time, cleanliness, skin comfort)? Good
TTKANTKAca=
Clean
Clean
Not painful at all)nF
To calculate the average residual beard root length on the whole face, multiply the worst value of beard quality between the left and right faces by 2, and the average residual beard root length on the whole face is:
2(Mg -- Mr)
1.875×10=(M,+M.)
- 1 067
Note 2. For example, if M,=40.12ng, M.=38.6rE, the average residual beard length is- (40. + -- 38. 6)
740.4—38.65
9.4Statistical analysis
Statistical analysis is performed based on all individual Mu-M and MM data or on all individual data. (Man-M1 067
(M--Man)
（M car M）
If more than two models of razors are tested, the analysis of variance should be carried out as described in 7.4, and the following variables should be added. The variables generated by the figure are:
one variable generated by the interaction P×:; one variable generated by the interaction force)×; one variable generated by the interaction ×. Note: wwW.bzxz.Net
1. If only two models of razors are compared, in order to estimate whether the mean difference in beard root length is significantly different from the required value, a significance test should be carried out on the basis of the data (each experimenter eliminates the "left-hand\ effect", (Main - Mr ++ Mi - Ma )
(Mn+M + Mn+Mw)
2. The transition from mass to mean residual beard root length can be simplified and statistical analysis can be performed on the basis of mass values. The razor model is graded as described in 7.5, before
Model S
Day 2 Shave
QB/T2532~-2001
Model S
Model A
Day 1 Shave
Model S
Model B
Model A
Shave B
Day 3 Shave
Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the test procedure
-TTKAONIKACa-
Circle the applicable mathematical
Shaving time (with stopwatch)
OB/T 2532-2001
Attached to the Appendix of the Standard)
Title 1
Give the total time for shaving the face (including the time for shaving if using soap) Shave degree
{) Cheeks, chin, under the nose
very clean
not clean at all
11215141516171r10]
2) Neck
not clean at all
Skin discomfort
[】Does the skin feel burning or painful after shaving?
Not clean at all
1234567510
2) Do you still feel any discomfort? (skin scratches or beard resistance, etc.) If yes, please explain below,
Overall judgment on shaving performance
1) How do you rate the overall shaving quality (time, shaving cleanliness, skin comfort) of the razor you compare? Very good
Very bad
1i34lia
QB/T2532--2001
Questionnaire 2
Note the position of any adjustable controls, regardless of the position of the "()N/O)FF\ switch or voltage selector. Fill in the applicable number in each item
Time for shaving (using a stopwatch)
Record the total time you spend shaving your face.
Clearance
1) Cheeks, chin, under the cheeks
Not clean
21345617
2) Neck
Not clean| |tt||1123456
3) Do you need to use a trimmer to shave some long beards? For example, the neck area? Skin discomfort
1) Does your skin feel burning or painful after shaving? Very
2) Do you feel any other discomfort? (Skin scratches or beard pulling, etc.) If so, please tell us below:
Overall judgment on shaving performance
1) How would you rate the overall performance of the tested razor (time, cleanliness, skin comfort)? Good
TTKANTKAca=
Clean
Clean
Not painful at allSkin Comfort)? Very good
Very bad
1i34lia
QB/T2532--2001
Questionnaire 2
Note the position of any adjustable controls, regardless of the position of the "()N/O)FF\ switch or voltage selector. Fill in the applicable number in each item
Time for shaving (using a stopwatch)
Record the total time you spend shaving your face.
Clearance
1) Cheeks, chin, under the chin
Not clean
21345617
2) Neck
Not clean| |tt||1123456
3) Do you need to use a trimmer to shave some long beards? For example, the neck area? Skin discomfort
1) Does your skin feel burning or painful after shaving? Very
2) Do you feel any other discomfort? (Skin scratches or beard pulling, etc.) If so, please tell us below:
Overall judgment on shaving performance
1) How would you rate the overall performance of the tested razor (time, cleanliness, skin comfort)? Good
TTKANTKAca=
Clean
Clean
Not painful at allSkin Comfort)? Very good
Very bad
1i34lia
QB/T2532--2001
Questionnaire 2
Note the position of any adjustable controls, regardless of the position of the "()N/O)FF\ switch or voltage selector. Fill in the applicable number in each item
Time for shaving (using a stopwatch)
Record the total time you spend shaving your face.
Clearance
1) Cheeks, chin, under the chin
Not clean
21345617
2) Neck
Not clean| |tt||1123456
3) Do you need to use a trimmer to shave some long beards? For example, the neck area? Skin discomfort
1) Does your skin feel burning or painful after shaving? Very
2) Do you feel any other discomfort? (Skin scratches or beard pulling, etc.) If so, please tell us below:
Overall judgment on shaving performance
1) How would you rate the overall performance of the tested razor (time, cleanliness, skin comfort)? Good
TTKANTKAca=
Clean
Clean
Not painful at all
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