GB/T 5464-1999 Test method for non-combustibility of building materials
Some standard content:
GB/T 5464—1999
This standard is equivalent to the revision of GB/T5464-1985 by adopting the international standard IS01182:1990 "Fire test - Test for non-combustibility of building materials".
This standard is one of the series of fire reaction test methods developed by the International Organization for Standardization ISO/TC92. It only evaluates the non-combustibility of materials under laboratory test conditions and cannot be used to describe or evaluate the fire hazard of materials under actual fire conditions, nor can it be used as the only basis for effective evaluation of the combustion hazard of materials.
series of fire reaction test methods mainly include the following standards: GB/T14523-1993 (eqvISO5657:1986) ignition test method for building materials, GB/T16172-1996 (neqISO5660:1993) heat release rate test method for building materials; GB/T16173-1996 (neqISO/DIS5924:1991) determination method for the amount of smoke emitted by combustion or pyrolysis of building materials (double chamber method); GB/T5464--1999 (idtISO1182:1990) non-combustibility test method for building materials; GA111-1995 (neqISO9705:1993) solid room fire test method for surface decoration materials. Appendix A of this standard stipulates the evaluation criteria for non-combustibility, which is the internationally recommended criterion and is also the criterion for non-combustibility Class A materials in my country's GB8624-1997 "Classification Method for Combustion Performance of Building Materials". This standard cancels the "2)" note in Chapter 4 of ISO1182:1990 and the "Note 4" in Appendix C. These two notes are notes for requesting test device drawings and test reports.
From the date of entry into force of this standard, it will replace GB/T5464-1985. Appendix A, Appendix B and Appendix C of this standard are indicative appendices. This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Public Security of the People's Republic of China. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the Seventh Subcommittee of the National Fire Protection Standardization Technical Committee. This standard was drafted by the Sichuan Fire Science Research Institute of the Ministry of Public Security. The main drafters of this standard are: Cao Boyin, Bu Aiping, Sun Yuhu, Pei Ying3
GB/T5464-1999
ISO Foreword
The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) is the national standardization organization. ISO is a worldwide federation of standardization groups (ISO group members). The drafting and formulation of international standards is completed through ISO's technical committees, and each group member has the right to participate in the work of the technical committee. Whether it is a governmental or non-governmental international organization, as long as it has established a liaison relationship with ISO, it can participate in ISO's work. ISO and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) have maintained close cooperation in all aspects of electrotechnical standardization. The draft international standards adopted by the technical committee are distributed to each group member for voting, and must be approved by at least 75% of the group members before they can be published as formal international standards. International Standard ISO1182 was drafted by ISO/TC92\Fire Tests on Building Materials, Components and Structures" Technical Committee. This third edition of the standard replaces and abolishes the second edition (ISO1182:1983). Appendix A, Appendix B and Appendix C of this standard are informative appendices. 4
GB/T5464—1999
0.1 It is important to determine whether a material directly promotes fire, and this test method is used for this project. The test results provided will help the regulatory authorities to determine whether the use of a material in certain parts of a building, such as entrances, exits and escape routes, will not be unduly dangerous (see Appendix A1).
0.2 From a technical point of view, this test method does not make an absolute statement about "non-combustibility". When implementing regulations, it may be necessary to carry out additional tests. The concept of the "series of test methods for reaction to fire", including non-combustibility, can be found in Chapter 6 of ISO/TR3814:1989. 0.3 The test method adopted by the International Maritime Organization (IMCO) (IMCO Resolution A.472 (XI)) is similar to the method described in this standard, but is not yet exactly the same.
0.4 This standard proposes more stringent technical indicators for test equipment, test procedures and evaluation of test results. Its basis is more reasonable and solves many problems in the original test method. However, the basic principle of the test has not changed, from the implementation of regulations from the perspective of and other perspectives, in terms of the quality of the test on reaction to fire, it can be generally considered that any material exhibits the same performance as when tested according to the original version.
0.5 The recommended evaluation criteria are listed in Appendix A, and comments on this test are listed in Appendix B. These annexes are not technical requirements that must be followed, but those who use this test must read them carefully in advance. 1 Scope
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Non-combustibility test method of building materials
Non-combustibility test method of building materials This standard specifies the test method for evaluating the combustion performance of building materials under laboratory conditions\. GB/T 5464--1999
idt ISo 1182:1990
Replaces GB/T5464-1985
Safety warning—All personnel involved in the combustion test should note that the sample may release harmful or toxic gases when burning, and appropriate precautions should be taken to benefit health.
This standard applies to testing building materials. It is not applicable to testing products with coatings, facings or multiple layers. For composite products, the component materials that make up the product can be tested separately and explained in the test report. Products with coatings, facings or multiple layers can also be evaluated according to other fire reaction test methods [see B1 of Appendix B (Suggestive Appendix)]. 2 Sampling
The sample should be large enough to represent the material, and special attention should be paid to uneven materials. 3 Sample preparation
3.1 Samples
3.1.1 Five specimens shall be prepared for each material. 3.1.2 The specimen shall be cylindrical, with a diameter of 45_2mm, a height of 50mm±3mm, and a volume of 80cm±5cm. 3.2 Preparation
3.2.1 The specimen shall represent the average properties of the material as much as possible and shall be made according to the dimensions specified in 3.1.2. 3.2.2 If the thickness of the material is less than 50mm, the specimen height specified in 3.1.2 can be ensured by stacking the number of layers of the material and adjusting the thickness of each layer. Before the test, each layer of material shall be placed horizontally in the specimen holder and tightly tied together with two iron wires with a diameter not exceeding 0.5mm to eliminate air gaps between the layers, but no significant pressure shall be applied. The arrangement of the stacked layers shall be such that the hot junction of the thermocouple at the center of the specimen is located inside the material and shall not be located at the interface between the layers. 3.2.3 A hole with a diameter of 2mm shall be reserved in the axial direction at the center of the top of the specimen, and the hole depth shall be such that the hot junction of the thermocouple of the specimen is located at the geometric center of the specimen.
3.3 Conditioning
The sample should be conditioned in a ventilated drying oven at 60℃±5℃ for 20h to 24h, and placed in dry blood to cool to room temperature before testing. Before testing, the mass of each sample should be weighed to an accuracy of 0.1g (see B8 of Appendix B). 4 Test Apparatus
4.1 Overview
1) Important Note: The test method and test results of this standard are only used to describe the flammability or non-flammability of materials under laboratory controlled heating conditions. It should not be used by itself to describe or assess the fire hazard of materials under actual fire conditions, nor should it be used as the sole basis for effective evaluation of hazard in terms of combustion performance.
Approved by the State Administration of Quality and Technical Supervision on May 31, 19996
Implemented on December 1, 1999
GB/T5464—1999
4.1.1 In the following test device, all dimensions are nominal values except for the tolerances specified. 4.1.2 The device is a heating furnace. The heating furnace is a refractory tube with an electric heating coil wound around it, and its exterior is covered with a heat insulation layer. The conical air flow stabilizer is fixed to the bottom of the heating furnace, and the air flow hood is fixed to the top of the heating furnace. The device is shown in Figure 1. 4.1.3 The heating furnace is installed on a bracket and is equipped with a sample rack and a sample rack insertion device. 4.1.4 Thermocouples should be arranged to measure the temperature in the furnace, the center temperature of the sample and the surface temperature of the sample. 4.2 Heating furnace, support and airflow hood
4.2.1 The heating furnace tube shall be made of alumina refractory material with a density of 2800kg/m3 ± 300kg/m3 as specified in Table 1, with a height of 150mm ± 1mm, an inner diameter of 75mm ± 1mm, and a wall thickness of 10mm ± 1mm. Including the refractory cement layer for fixing the electric heating coil, the total wall thickness shall not exceed 15 mm.
Table 1 Composition of alumina refractory material
Alumina (Al2O)
Silicon dioxide and alumina (SiO2, Al,O) Ferrous oxide (Fe; (O,)
Titanium dioxide (TiO2)
Manganese oxide (Mn; O,)
Content of other trace oxides (Na, K, Ca, Mg oxides), % (mass percentage)
4.2.2 The electric heating coil of the heating furnace tube shall be wound with a single layer of 3mm wide and 0.2mm thick nickel 80/chromium 20 resistance band as specified in Figure 2. 4.2.3 The heating furnace tube is placed in the center of a cylindrical tube made of thermal insulation material with an outer diameter of 200mm, a height of 150mm and a wall thickness of 10mm, and is equipped with a top plate and a bottom plate with an inner concave edge to position the heating furnace tube. The annular space between the heating furnace tube and the cylindrical tube is filled with magnesium oxide powder with a density of 140kg/m2 ± 20kg/m2. 4.2.4 The bottom surface of the heating furnace is connected to an inverted cone-shaped air stabilizer with both ends open. It is 500mm long and is evenly reduced from the top with an inner diameter of 75mm±1mm to the bottom with an inner diameter of 10mm±0.5mm. The air stabilizer is made of 1mm thick steel plate, and its inner surface should be smooth. The interface between it and the heating furnace should be tight, airtight, and have a smooth inner surface. The upper half of the air stabilizer is insulated with a layer of 25mm thick mineral wool material. The thermal conductivity of this material at an average temperature of 20℃ is 0.04W/(m·K)±0.01W/(m·K).
4.2.5 The airflow hood is made of the same material as the air stabilizer and is installed at the top of the heating furnace. The airflow hood is 50mm high and has an inner diameter of 75mm±1mm. The inner surface of the interface with the heating furnace should be smooth. The outside of the airflow hood is insulated with a 25mm thick mineral wool material, the thermal conductivity of which is 0.04W/(m·K) ± 0.01W/(m·K) at an average temperature of 20℃. 4.2.6 The combination of the heating furnace, air flow stabilizer and airflow hood is installed on a bracket. The bracket has a base and an airflow screen, which is used to reduce the airflow suction at the bottom of the flow stabilizer. The airflow screen is about 550mm high, and the bottom of the flow stabilizer is about 250mm higher than the bottom of the bracket. 4.3 Sample rack and insertion device
4.3.1 The sample rack is shown in Figure 3 and is made of nickel/chromium or heat-resistant steel wire. A layer of heat-resistant metal wire mesh disk is installed at the bottom of the sample rack. The mass of the sample rack is 15g±2g.
4.3.2 The sample rack is suspended at the bottom of a support made of a stainless steel pipe with an outer diameter of 6mm and an inner diameter of 4mm. 4.3.3 The specimen rack shall be equipped with an appropriate insertion device and can be smoothly lowered along the axis of the heating furnace to ensure that the specimen is accurately located at the geometric center of the heating furnace during the test. The insertion device is a metal sliding rod that can slide freely in the vertical guide groove on the side of the heating furnace (see Figure 1).
4.4 Thermocouple
4.4.1 Insulated nickel-chromium-nickel-aluminum armored thermocouples shall be used, with an outer diameter of 1.5 mm and a wire diameter of 0.3 mm. 4.4.2 New thermocouples shall be artificially aged before use to reduce their reflectivity (see B4 of Appendix B). 4.4.3 The hot junction of the thermocouple in the furnace shall be 10 mm ± 0.5 mm away from the wall of the heating furnace tube and at the midpoint of the height of the heating furnace tube. The position of the thermocouple can be accurately maintained by means of a guide rod fixed to the airflow hood. The position of the thermocouple can be calibrated using the positioning rod shown in Figure 4. 7bzxz.net
GB/T5464—1999
4.4.4 The thermocouple at the center of the specimen shall pass through a hole with a diameter of 2 mm at the top of the specimen, and its hot junction shall be at the geometric center of the specimen (see 3.2.3 and Figure 5).
4.4.5 The thermocouple at the surface of the specimen shall have its hot junction at the middle of the specimen height and in contact with the specimen at the beginning of the test, and opposite to the thermocouple in the furnace in the diameter direction (see Figure 5).
4.4.6 The temperature shall be continuously recorded using the device specified in 5.5. 4.5 Test environment
4.5.1 The test device shall not be located at the air outlet, nor shall it be exposed to any form of strong sunlight or artificial lighting, so as to facilitate the observation of the flame in the furnace.
4.5.2 In order to facilitate the observation of the continuous flame and protect the safety of the operator, a mirror may be set above the test device. The mirror is 300mm square, 30° from the horizontal, and is located 1m above the heating furnace. 5 Additional equipment
5.1 Voltage stabilizer
is a single-phase automatic voltage stabilizer with a rated power of not less than 1.5kVA. The accuracy of its voltage during the output from zero to full load should be within ±1% of the rated value.
5.2 The maximum power controlled by the voltage regulating transformer
should reach 1.5kVA, and the output voltage should change linearly and be adjustable from zero to the input voltage. 5.3 Electrical instruments
should be equipped with ammeters, voltmeters or power meters to quickly set the temperature of the heating furnace. These instruments should be able to meet the requirements of the power specified in 6.5.
5.4 Power controller
It is used to replace the voltage stabilizer, voltage regulating transformer and electrical instrument specified in 5.1, 5.2 and 5.3. It is a phase angle conduction controlled thyristor device with an output of 1.5kVA. Its maximum voltage does not exceed 100V, and the current limit can be adjusted to "100% power", which is equal to the maximum rated value of the resistor band. The stability of the power controller should be close to 1%, the repeatability of the set point is ±1%, and the output power should change linearly within the entire set point range.
5.5 Temperature recorder
It is a recording device that can continuously measure the output signal of the thermocouple, with a resolution of about 1℃ or the corresponding millivolt value, and a recording interval of no more than 0.5s. The applicable instrument can be a digital instrument or a multi-range strip recorder. The recorder can be equipped with a zero adjustment key. When the zero adjustment key is pressed, the range is offset by about 10mV, that is, the zero position of the recorder is set to about 700℃. Note 1: Since the output signals of the three thermocouples need to be recorded during the test, a three-channel recorder or three independent recorders are required. 5.6 The timer
is used to record the test duration, with a resolution of 1 s and an accuracy of 1 s/h. 5.7 The drying class
is used to store the state-conditioned samples (see 3.3). Its size should be able to accommodate samples for one working day, or be determined as needed. 6 Adjustment process
6.1 The location of the test device
should comply with the requirements of 4.5.1.
6.2 Sample rack
Remove the sample rack (4.3) and its support from the furnace (see 4.2). 6.3 Thermocouples in the furnace
Thermocouples in the furnace should be arranged in accordance with the provisions of 4.4.3 and connected to the temperature recorder through compensation wires. 6.4 Power supply
GB/T5464—1999
Connect the electric heating coil of the heating furnace tube to the voltage regulating transformer (5.2) and the electrical instrument (5.3) or the power controller, the voltage stabilizer (see 5.4), see Figure 6. During the test, the automatic constant temperature control of the heating furnace shall not be used. Note 2: Under stable conditions, at about 100V, the heating element passes a current of about 9 to 10A. To avoid overloading the electric heating coil, it is recommended that the maximum current does not exceed 11A. For new heating furnace tubes, they should be heated slowly at the beginning. A suitable procedure for heating the heating furnace is to heat it in sections of about 200℃ and heat each temperature section for 2h.
6.5 Furnace temperature stability
After removing the sample and the inserting device holder from the furnace, adjust the input power of the heating furnace so that the average temperature indicated by the thermocouple in the furnace (see 4.4) is stable at 750℃±5℃ for at least 10 minutes. The temperature drift does not exceed 2℃ within 10 minutes and is recorded continuously. 6.6 Furnace wall temperature
6.6.1 When the furnace temperature is stable (see 6.5), use the thermocouple specified in 4.4.1 and the temperature recorder specified in 5.5 to measure the furnace wall temperature on three mutually equidistant vertical axes of the furnace wall. For each axis, record the wall temperature at the center of the heating furnace tube height and 30mm above and below the center. This measurement process can be completed relatively conveniently using the thermocouple scanning device with thermocouple and thermal insulation sleeve shown in Figure 7. Special attention should be paid to maintaining good contact between the thermocouple and the furnace wall. Before reading the temperature at each measuring point, the displayed temperature value should be stable for at least 5 minutes.
6.6.2 Calculate and record the arithmetic mean of the temperature values measured in accordance with 6.6.1 as the average furnace wall temperature, which should be 835°C ± 10°C. The average temperature should be maintained within this range before the test. 6.6.3 Whenever a new heating furnace is used or the heating furnace tube, electric heating coil, insulation material or power supply is replaced, the procedures specified in 6.6.1 and 6.6.2 should be followed (see B6 and Figure 8 of Appendix B). 7 Test Procedure
7.1 Procedure
7.1.1 The test apparatus should comply with the provisions of 6.2 to 6.4. 7.1.2 Stabilize the furnace temperature in accordance with the provisions of 6.5.
7.1.3 At the beginning of the test, it should be confirmed that the entire apparatus is in good working condition, such as the air flow stabilizer is clean and unobstructed, the insertion device can slide smoothly, and the sample holder is accurately located in the specified position in the furnace. 7.1.4 Place a sample prepared and conditioned according to the provisions of Chapter 3 in the sample holder (see 4.3). The sample holder is suspended on the support and ensure that the sample thermocouple is in the accurate position specified in 4.4.4 and 4.4.5. 7.1.5 Place the sample holder in the specified position in the furnace (see 4.3.3). This operation takes no more than 5 seconds. 7.1.6 As soon as the sample is placed in the furnace, start the timer (see 5.6). 7.1.7 During the entire test, record the temperatures measured by the furnace thermocouple and the sample thermocouple (see 4.4). In some cases, it is considered that the sample center thermocouple does not provide additional information. In this case, it is not necessary to use the sample center thermocouple (see B5 of Appendix B). 7.1.8 The test is usually carried out for 30 minutes. If the three thermocouples have reached the final temperature equilibrium within 30 minutes, the test can be stopped. When the temperature measured by the thermocouple does not change by more than 2°C within 10 minutes, the final temperature equilibrium is considered to have been reached. If one or more thermocouples have not reached the final temperature equilibrium within 30 minutes, the test should be continued; at the same time, the final temperature equilibrium should be checked every 5 minutes. When all thermocouples have reached the final temperature equilibrium, the test is stopped and the duration of the test is recorded. Then, the sample is removed from the furnace. The end of the last 5-minute interval is the end of this test. Note 3: When confirming that the final temperature equilibrium has been reached, the temperature of the thermocouple at the center of the sample should be lower than the temperature of the thermocouple in the furnace. 7.1.9 Collect all carbonized, ash and other debris that have broken or fallen from the sample during and after the test, place them in a desiccating dish together with the sample and cool to ambient temperature, and then weigh the residual mass of the sample. 7.1.10 Test all five samples according to 7.1.3 to 7.1.8. 7.2 Observations during the test
7.2.1 For each specimen tested in accordance with 7.1.8, record its mass before and after the test and make various observations related to the behavior of the specimen during the test.
GB/T 5464--1999
7.2.2 Record the appearance and duration of a sustained flame. A specimen producing a continuous flame lasting 5 s or longer shall be considered a sustained flame (see B9 of Appendix B).
7.2.3 Take the temperature at the end of the test as the final temperature (see 7.1.8) and record the following temperatures measured by the corresponding thermocouples in °C:
a) Initial temperature in the furnace, T(initia);
b) Maximum temperature in the furnace, T(mx);
c) Final temperature in the furnace, T(final);
d) Maximum temperature at the center of the specimen, Te(max); e) Final temperature at the center of the specimen, Te; f) Maximum temperature of the specimen surface, Ts(max); g) Final temperature of the specimen surface, T<(tinal). 8. Test result presentation
8.1 Temperature rise
8.1.1 Calculate the furnace temperature rise and specimen temperature rise of each specimen in C by the following formula: a) Furnace temperature rise △T (=T(max)-Tt(final); b) Specimen center temperature rise AT. =Temax)-Tecrtial); c) Specimen surface temperature rise AT, =Ts(max)-Ts(final) Where, T(max) is the maximum temperature; T(tinal) is the final temperature at the end of the test. 8.1.2 Calculate and record the arithmetic mean of the furnace temperature rise, specimen center temperature rise and specimen surface temperature rise of the five specimens. 8.2 Flame
8.2.1 Record the sum of the duration of flame for each specimen (see 7.2.2) in seconds. 8.2.2 Calculate and record the arithmetic mean of the duration of flame for the five specimens. 8.3 Mass loss
8.3.1 Calculate and record the mass loss of each specimen, expressed as a percentage of the initial mass of the specimen. 8.3.2 Calculate and record the arithmetic mean of the mass loss of the five specimens. 9 Test report
The test report should be as comprehensive as possible. It should provide the individual results of each specimen as required by 7.2 and the calculation results as specified in Chapter 8. It should also give all observations during the test and a comment on the difficulties encountered during the test. It should also include the following: a) Name and address of the test laboratory,
b) Name and address of the commissioning unit;
c) Name and address of the manufacturer or supplier, d) Test date;
e) Overview of the tested material, including the trademark (or other logo), density and structural form of the specimen; f) Note: "This test result only describes the performance of the specimen of the material under the specific conditions of this test, and cannot be used as the sole basis for evaluating the potential fire hazard of the material in actual use", g) The number of this standard.
The test report summary table is shown in Appendix C.
GB/T5464—1999
Unit: mm
1-sample thermocouple; 2-support steel pipe; 3-sample rack; 4-furnace thermocouple; 5-mineral wool insulation layer; 6-top plate; 7-asbestos cement (or similar material) pipe; 8-bottom plate; 9-air flow stabilizer; 10-air flow screen; 11-bracket; 12-mineral wool insulation layer, 13-magnesium oxide powder; 14-refractory tube; 15-heating coil; 16-guide groove; 17-air flow cover; 18-insertion device; 19-positioning block
Figure 1 General diagram of the test device
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GB/T 5464--1999
1-Resistance band: 2-Refractory tube;
"\" indicates no size requirement
Figure 2 Heating coil
Unit: mm
Outer diameter 49
Inner diameter 946
Inner diameter $46
GB/T5464-1999
1Supporting steel tube: 2-Specimen surface thermocouple T., 3- Thermocouple T. at the center of the sample; 4- Mesh plate (mesh size 0.9, wire diameter 0.4)
Figure 3 Sample rack
Outer diameter station
Inner diameter 4
Unit: mm
GB/T5464--1999
1- Handle; 2- Heat-resistant steel rod, 3- Positioning piece, "1" means no size requirement
Figure 4 Positioning rod
Unit: mm
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