GB/T 5169.5-1997 Fire hazard testing for electric and electronic products Part 2: Test methods Part 2: Needle flame test
Some standard content:
GB/T5169.5
This standard is equivalent to the International Electrotechnical Commission standard IEC695-2-2 (1991-04 2nd Edition) Fire hazard test Part 2: Test method Part 2: Needle melting test and IEC695-2-2 No. 1 amendment (1994~03). In order to adapt to the development of new technical standards and facilitate international trade, technology and economic exchanges, the corresponding national standards are revised and international standards are adopted to meet the needs of electrical and household electrical product safety certification. Compared with GB5169.585, the technical content of this standard mainly differs from that of GB5169.585. Scope of application: Electrical products, parts and components are filled with solid electrical insulating materials and other combustible materials. - Pretreatment of white pine boards and silk paper is added. More specific requirements are given for the adjustment of flames and the installation of burners, and Appendix A is added for this purpose. This standard replaces GB5169-5-85% Needle flame test method for fire hazard test of electrical and electronic products. This standard is proposed by the Ministry of Machinery Industry of the People's Republic of China. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Environmental Technology Standardization of Electrical and Electronic Products. This standard was drafted by the Guangzhou Electric Science Research Institute, and the National Quality Supervision and Inspection Center for Daily Electrical Appliances participated in the drafting. The main drafters of this standard are Dai Yue, Liu Yao, and Zhao Shijie. GB/r5169.5—1997
IEC Foreword
(1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)'s final resolutions or agreements on technical issues are formulated by technical committees represented by representatives of national committees that are particularly concerned with the issue. They express the international political opinion on the issue as much as possible. (2) These resolutions or agreements are used internationally in the form of recommended standards and are accepted by national committees in this sense. (3) In order to promote international unification, IEC expresses the hope that national committees will adopt the contents of IEC standards as their national regulations within the scope permitted by their domestic conditions. Any inconsistencies between IEC standards and corresponding national regulations should be pointed out in the national standards as much as possible.
This International Standard IEC 695-2-2 Amendment 1 was prepared by IEC TC 89: Technical Committee on Fire Hazard Testing. This second edition of IEC 695-2-2 replaces the first edition issued in 1980. The text of this standard is based on the following documents: June French version
89(C0)5
The text of Amendment 1 to this standard is based on the following documents. International Standard Draft
89(C0)26
Voting Report
89(C0)12
Voting Report
890)35
Full information on the votes for this standard and its Amendment 1 can be found in the voting report in the table above. GB/T 5169.51997
The best way to test the fire hazard of electric and electronic products is to completely replicate the conditions that occur in reality. However, in most cases, this is not possible. Therefore, according to the actual situation, the fire hazard test of electrical and electronic products is best to simulate the effects that occur in reality as much as possible. The components of electrical and electronic equipment may produce overheat stress due to the effect of electricity, and their degradation may reduce the safety performance of the equipment. These parts should not be excessively affected by the heat and fire generated inside the equipment. Insulating materials or other combustible materials that are easy to spread flames inside the equipment may ignite due to the flames generated by the components. Under certain conditions, such as friction current flowing through the leakage path, overload of components or parts, poor contact, etc., may cause melting, and such fire may spread to nearby combustible parts. National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Fire hazard test for electric and electronic products
Part 2: Test methods
Section 2. Nccdle-flamctest
1 Scope
GB/T 5169-5—1997
idt IEC. 695-2-2:1991
Replaces GB 5169. 5 ---85
The needle flame test specified in this standard uses simulation technology to assess the ignition hazard of a small flame caused by a fault condition inside the equipment. This standard is applicable to electric and electronic equipment and their components and elements. This standard is not applicable to solid electrical insulating materials or other combustible materials. 2 Referenced Standards
The following standards contain clauses which, through reference in this standard, constitute clauses of this standard. At the time of publication of this standard, the editions indicated are valid. All standards are subject to revision and parties using this standard should investigate the possibility of using the latest editions of the following standards. IS04016:1978 Paper, paperboard, pulp and related terms - Vocabulary 3 General instructions for testing
3.1 If possible, the test sample should be a complete device, component or element. If necessary, part of the casing should be removed or a suitable section should be cut for testing, but care must be taken to ensure that the test conditions are not significantly different from those occurring during normal use in terms of shape, air circulation, thermal stress effects and possible flames, and the effects of burning or hot particles falling into the vicinity of the test sample. If the test cannot be carried out on a complete test sample, a suitable section can be cut as the test sample. If the test sample is a suitable section cut from a large machine, care must be taken to ensure that the test flame is applied correctly in this special case, for example, the test flame should not be applied to the edge of the cutting process. If the test cannot be carried out on the parts or components in the equipment, the test may be carried out on a separate test sample under the conditions specified in Chapter 3.
3.2 This test is to ensure that:
Under the specified conditions, the test flame will not ignite the parts, or under the specified conditions, the test flame will ignite the combustible parts, the duration or length of the burning is limited, and the flames and the burning or glowing particles falling from the test sample will not prolong the combustion. Note: In order to explore the possibility of fire hazards caused by the test sample, other ignition sources can be used to carry out the initial test. Usually, the flame is not the initial ignition source in the electrical equipment. In this case, the flame intensity and the duration of the fire growth are particularly important for determining the effect and severity of the test flame. 3.3 Since this test is to evaluate the influence of small flames that may be generated by other ignition parts on the test sample, it is required that the relevant standards should specify the duration of the flame application and the acceptance criteria conditions. Approved by the State Administration of Technical Supervision on July 3, 1997 and implemented on May 1, 1998
4 Test Equipment Description
GB/T5169.51997
4.1 The burner producing the test flame is composed of a tube with a length of at least 351m, an inner hole of 0.5mm±0.1mm and an outer diameter not exceeding 0.9mm. An injection needle tube with the taper part cut off may also be used. The purity of the butane gas used in the burner shall not be less than 95%, and air shall not be allowed to enter the burner tube. Proof: The burner can also use alkane gas, but alkane gas should be used as the reference gas. The burner is placed vertically and observed under soft weak light against a dark background. Under the condition that no artificial air enters the burner tube, the gas supply is adjusted to make the flame height 12mm±1mm (see Figure 1). In controversial cases or when relevant standards require it, the flame should be fixed by equipment. The detailed process is shown in Appendix A. The test time when the temperature rises from 100℃±2℃ to 700℃-3℃ should be 23.5s±I.Ds.
Note: The relevant regulations on gas flow rate instead of flame height are under consideration. Maximum outer diameter 0.9
inner ±1
a. Flame adjustment
test sample
b. Example of test position avoidance
Test sample
c. Example of test position acceptance
Figure 1 Needle burner
4.2 In order to evaluate the ductility of combustion, such as the spread of combustion caused by burning or hot particles falling from the test sample, a layer of paving layer is placed under the test sample. The paving layer is generally composed of materials or components around or under the test sample during normal use. The distance between the test sample and the paving layer should be the same as that of the test sample installed under normal other conditions. If the test sample is a component or part of the equipment and is tested separately, unless otherwise specified in the relevant standards, a layer of silk paper is tightly wrapped on a smooth white pine board with a thickness of about 10mm as the paving layer, and placed 200mm ± 5mm below the test sample position where the needle flame is applied. If other materials are verified to have the same function as the white pine board or group paper, they can also be used as substitutes. GB/T 5169.5 --1997
If the test sample is a complete independent device, it shall be placed in the normal use position and the white pine board covered with silk paper shall be 100mm long around the base of the device.
If the test sample is a complete wall-mounted device, it shall be fixed in the normal use position 200mm±5mm above the white pine board covered with silk paper.
Some methods can be used to fix the test sample and the burner in the appropriate position. Note: According to the provisions of 6.86 of ISO4046, packaging silk paper is a soft and strong light packaging paper with a maximum gram weight between 12g/m2 and 30g/m2, mainly used as protective packaging for sensitive makeup devices and product packaging. 5 Severity level
The preferred value of the duration of the test flame (t,) is: 5s.10s, 20s.30s.60s.120s-1s
Unless otherwise specified in the relevant standards, other severity levels may also be used, but repeated application time is not recommended. Note: The choice of duration of the test flame is related to the characteristics of the test sample and should be considered when drafting the relevant standards. In some standards, the duration of the test chamber fire can be repeatedly applied, and the appropriate steps are under consideration. 6 Pretreatment
Unless otherwise specified in the relevant standards, before the test begins, the test sample, white pine board and paper should be placed in an atmosphere with a temperature of 15℃～35℃ and a relative humidity of 45%～75% for 24h
7 Initial inspection
The test sample should be inspected daily. When specified in the relevant standards, the physical and electrical parameters should be measured. 8 Test Procedure
Notes:
When conducting the test, personal safety protection measures should be taken to prevent: - Danger of combustion or explosion:
- Inhalation of smoke and (or) toxic products: - Toxic residues.
8.1 The test room or room should have sufficient space to ensure that the test is carried out under conditions of basically no air circulation but sufficient air supply.
8.2 Unless otherwise specified in the relevant standards, the test sample should be placed in the most unfavorable position during normal use for testing. The fixing method of the test sample should not affect the test flame or flame extension effect, and should be consistent with the situation under normal use conditions. 8.3 During the adjustment of the test flame, the influence of heat or radiation on the accompanying products should be avoided. In case of dispute or when required by the relevant standards, the flame will be further determined.
8.4 The test flame should be applied to the surface of the test sample that is easily affected by fire. This flame can be caused by normal use, fault conditions or accidental ignition sources.
In order to apply the test flame in the most unfavorable way, the burner tube can be bent. The position and duration of the test flame application are specified in the relevant standards. Once the test flame touches the surface of the test sample with at least its top, the burner cannot be moved. After the specified test time, the test flame is removed. An example of the test setting is shown in Figure 1. 8.5 Unless otherwise specified in the relevant standards, the test is carried out on three test samples. 8.6 When the relevant standard requires that more than one test point be tested on the same test sample, care must be taken to ensure that the fatigue caused by the previous test does not affect the test results of the subsequent tests. 9 Observation and measurement
GB/T 5169.5-1997
9.7 During the test, the test sample, the surrounding parts and the underlying substrate should be observed. 9.2 If the test sample and the surrounding parts, or the underlying substrate ignites, the burning duration (b) should be measured and recorded. The burning duration is the time interval from the moment the test flame is removed until the flame is extinguished, or until the test sample or the parts nearby or the test substrate are no longer visible. 9.3 If the relevant standard stipulates that the burning length of the sample is measured, the test sample should be cooled to near air temperature and cleaned with a clean cloth before measurement can be carried out.
The burning length refers to the distance from the center of the test flame application area to the farthest burning mark. Burn marks refer to the areas on the surface of the test sample that are damaged by the influence of combustion, including the charred parts. When judging the burn marks, the color change of the test sample, the formation of soot, and the deformation of the test sample surface caused by ten heat, melting and charring are not considered.
9.4 Observe the characteristics of combustion
9.5 Inspect the physical damage of the test sample and test the mechanical/gas parameters according to the provisions of the relevant standards. 10 Evaluation of test results
Unless otherwise specified in the relevant standards, if the test sample meets one of the following conditions, it can be considered to withstand the needle flame test. a) The test sample does not produce flames or burning phenomena, and when the packaging tissue paper and white pine board are opened, the packaging tissue paper does not burn or the white pine board does not char.
b) After removing the flame seal, the flame embrittlement and burning duration of the test sample, surrounding parts and the bottom layer should be less than 30s, that is, within ti30s, the parts and bottom layer around the test sample will not continue to burn, and when using packaging tissue paper or white pine board, the packaging tissue paper will not burn and the white pine board will not char.
11 Information to be given in the relevant standards
a) If necessary, give the pretreatment conditions (according to Chapter 6); b) If the test sample is not two pieces, give its number (according to 8.5); c) Test sample Placement of the product (according to 8.2);
d) Test surface and flame application point (according to 8.4 and 8.6);
Auxiliary substrate used to evaluate the burning fall response (according to 4.2);
Duration of applying the test flame (t) (according to 3.3 and Chapter 5);
Requirements (according to Chapters 9 and 10);
The allowable burning duration and burning length considering the design and arrangement of various components and protective covers and barriers in the equipment:
Whether the specified standards meet the safety requirements, or whether other standards are referenced;
h) Preliminary inspection (according to Chapter 1);
i) The allowable degree of degradation of mechanical and electrical properties (according to 9.5). GB/T 5169.5
(Annex to the standard)bzxZ.net
Supplementary test method for confirming the flame
In the case of dispute, or when the relevant standards have requirements, the supplementary provisions for the confirmation flame test method should be adopted. A1 Confirmation
A1.1 Principle
When the flame test arrangement of Figure A2 is used, the time required for the block temperature in Figure A1 to rise from 100°C to 700°C should be 23.5s11.0s.
A1.2 Procedure
A3 gives an example of a suitable fixture for adjusting the initial flame height. The fixture should neither be fixed at the end of the burner tube nor affect the end flame of the burner.
In an airless environment, install the arrangement of Figure A2 and ensure that there is no gas leakage at the connection. Move the burner away from the copper block at the same time to avoid the flame affecting the pot block during the initial adjustment of the gas flow. Ignite the gas and adjust the gas flow while observing under soft light against a dark background so that the flame height is 12mm|1mm. If necessary, wait at least 5 minutes for the burner to reach equilibrium and then readjust the flame height. When using a temperature and time indicating recording device, reposition the burner under the copper block. The time required for the copper block temperature to rise from 100 ± 2°C to 700 ± 3°C shall be measured three times, and the copper block temperature shall be allowed to cool naturally in the atmosphere to below 50°C before each measurement. If the copper block has never been used, an initial run shall be performed to treat the copper block surface, and the result shall be ignored. A1.3 Calculate the average time: the result is in seconds. A1.4 If the result is within 23.5 s ± 1.0 s, the flame is confirmed. A2 Test Equipment
A2.1 Burner
The burner shall comply with the requirements of Section 4.
A2.2 Control Valve
A control valve is required to adjust the gas flow. 42.3 Copper Block
Undrilled but fully machined, the copper block has a diameter of 4 mm and a mass of 0.58 g 1 0.01 g, see Figure A1. A2.4 thermocouple
machined about 1um,
GB/T 5169.5-1997
new hole depth 4urml. Its hole diameter is tightly matched with the thermoelectric valve with a diameter of 0.5mm
to be matched with the same calibration quality
54. ± 10.01
Material: Commercial conductive (electrolytic) copper, the surface of which is polished. Before drilling, the weight: 0.58g=0.0g
Dimensions are in mm
Figure A1 Surface polished copper column
Armored K-type filament (NiCr/NiA1), its sheath diameter is 0.5mm+ is suitable for long-term operation under temperature conditions of 1050°C.
Fix the thermocouple to the copper block. The preferred method is to squeeze the copper block around the thermocouple, see Figure A2, change the point
system measuring device
squeeze the block to cover the thermocouple
old do not report the thermocouple
combustion time
dimensions in mm
Figure A2 verification test arrangement
A2.5 Temperature indication, recording and timing device When the copper block is heated from 100℃±2℃ to 700℃±3℃, the measurement time error is 0.1sA2.6 Fuel gas
Butane gas purity is at least 95%.
GB/T 5169. 5—1997
If the purity of butane gas is less than 95%, the gas supply should be changed each time or alternative gas should be used to confirm the flame according to the provisions of this appendix. Flame of the burner tube
Wax installed Standard central block
Bojin Zhou piece
Fuel filter tube
Dimensions in mm
Example of clamping county for adjusting height
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