Some standard content:
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Life buoys
Life buoys
UDC 627.95
GB 4302--84
This standard applies to life buoys with closed-cell foam plastics as buoyancy materials. This kind of life buoy can be used for lifesaving of various types of ships in the ocean, coastal areas and inland rivers.
Type A - cloth-wrapped life buoy,
non-cloth-wrapped life buoy
2 Type and main dimensions (according to Figure 1 and Table 1)AA
Marking example
Cloth-wrapped lifebuoy:
Lifebuoy A
Non-cloth-wrapped lifebuoy:
GB 4302—84
National Bureau of Standards1984-04-04 Issued
95 ± 5
Weight kg
1985-01-01 Implementation
Lifebuoy BGB4302—84wwW.bzxz.Net
4 Technical requirements
The lifebuoy shall comply with the requirements of this standard.
4.2 The surface color of the lifebuoy shall be orange.
GB 4302--84
4.3 The outer periphery of the lifebuoy shall be equipped with a handle rope with a diameter of not less than 9.5mm and a length of not less than 4 times the outer diameter of the lifebuoy. The rope shall be fastened at four equidistant positions around the ring body.
The lifebuoy shall be able to withstand high and low temperature cycle tests. 4.4
The lifebuoy shall fall freely into the water from a height of 30m without damage. 4.5
4.6The lifebuoy shall be able to withstand the oil resistance test.
The lifebuoy shall be able to withstand the combustion resistance test.
The lifebuoy shall float in fresh water for at least 24 hours with an iron block of not less than 14.5kg supported by the lifebuoy. 4.8
The lifebuoy shall be able to withstand the strength test.
4.10The lifebuoy shall be able to withstand the damage resistance test. 4.11 A piece of reflective material of at least 70×30 mm should be installed at four and a half evenly distributed positions on each side of the lifebuoy. 4.12 The physical and chemical properties of the closed-cell foam plastics used in the lifebuoy should comply with the requirements of Table 2. Table 2
Chemical stability
Self-extinguishing property
Mixibility resistance
Compressive strength
Tensile strength
Physical and chemical properties
Energy index
No change after soaking in 20% sulfuric acid aqueous solution for 24 hoursNo change after soaking in 45% caustic soda aqueous solution for 24 hoursNo change after soaking in 3% sodium chloride aqueous solution for 24 hoursNo change after soaking in diesel for 24 hours
Self-extinguishing within 2 seconds after leaving the fire source, no smoldering
No stickiness after 8 hours at 65℃
No cracking after 8 hours at -30℃
<0.1kg/m2
1.5kgf /cm2
(≥0.15MPa)
≥2.0kgf /cm2 (>0.20MPa)
4.13 The lifebuoy cover and cloth hoop should be made of canvas or chemical fiber cloth. 4.13.1 Canvas
The weight of the edged cloth is 0.38~0.55kg/m2. The cloth density should be no less than 106 threads per 100mm of warp and weft. 541
GB 4302-84
The tensile strength of the cloth (the cloth sample is 200×50mm) should be no less than 80kgf. 4.13.2 Chemical fiber cloth
The cloth density should be no less than 200 threads per 100mm of warp and weft. The tensile strength of the cloth (the cloth sample is 200×50mm) should be no less than 80kgf. 4.14 The tensile strength of the lifebuoy stitching line
for machine sewing should be no less than 3kgf;
for hand sewing should be no less than 3.25kgf.
4.15 The ring body should be integrally pressed and foamed, with a basically flat appearance, uniform internal pores, no yellow burnt layer and no odor. The ring body can be either cloth-free or cloth-free. 4.15.1 Cloth-free ring body
a. The ring body surface should be smooth. If the number of defects with a raised area of 1 to 5cm2 and a raised height of 0.5 to 1mm does not exceed two, and the distance between the defects is not less than 200mm, no trimming is required. b. If the defects under the ring body have an area of 1 to 1cm2 and a concave depth of 1 to 2mm, and the pits and the ring body surface have a smooth transition and the number does not exceed two, and the distance between the defects is not less than 200mm, no trimming is required. c. The ring body is allowed to have one concave and convex defect each with a distance of not less than 200mm as described in 4.15.1.a and 4.15.1.b. d. The ring body can only allow defects in the above three situations. Defects smaller than the specified ones are not restricted. 4.15.2 Cloth-wrapped ring body
For ring bodies that do not meet the requirements of Article 4.15.1, their defects are allowed to be repaired and filled. The filling material should be the same as the ring body material. The repaired seal should not crack or fall off, and the repaired ring body must be covered with cloth. 4.16 Lifebuoy sewing requirements
The seam edge of the cloth should be folded inward by 10mm, and there should be no less than 20 stitches per 50mm length when sewing by machine. There should be no less than 15 stitches per 50mm length when sewing by hand. The seam edges must be tied with knots.
The stitches should be even, tight and firm, without skipped stitches, and the cloth and the ring body must fit tightly. 5 Accessories of lifebuoys
5.1 According to the requirements of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, a certain number of lifebuoys should be equipped with accessories, which include buoyant lifelines, self-constituted floating lights or self-activated smoke signals. 5.2 Accessories should be approved by the ship inspection bureau.
6 Test method
6.1 High and low temperature cycle test
The lifebuoy should be subjected to -30±2℃ and 65±2℃ environment alternately. This alternation is carried out according to the following procedures: a. On the first day, place the lifebuoy in an environment of 65±2℃, take it out after 8 hours, and place it at room temperature until the next day. b. On the second day, place the lifebuoy in an environment of -30±2℃, take it out after 8 hours, and place it at room temperature until the third day. c. Completion of a and b is a cycle, and a total of five cycles are required. After the test is completed, the appearance of the lifebuoy should not show any obvious changes. Cut open the wrapping cloth to take out the buoyant material, and there should be no obvious signs of expansion, contraction, cracking and stickiness.
6.2 Oil resistance test
Put the lifebuoy 100mm below the surface of diesel at room temperature for 24 hours. After taking it out, check that the lifebuoy should not be damaged, such as shrinkage, cracks, expansion, dissolution or changes in mechanical properties. 6.3 Combustion resistance test
Put a 350×300×60mm test pan in a place with basically free ventilation. Fill the test pan with 10mm deep fresh water, and then pour gasoline to make the total height not less than 40mm. Ignite the gasoline and let it burn freely for 30 seconds. At this time, hang the lifebuoy vertically above the flame, so that the lower end of the lifebuoy is 250mm away from the edge of the test pan. Leave the flame after 2 seconds, and the lifebuoy should not burn or continue to melt. 5.12
6.4 Strength test
GB4302-84
Hang the lifebuoy with a belt of 50mm width, and hang a 90kg weight on the other end of the lifebuoy with a belt of the same width. After 30 minutes, check that the lifebuoy should not be broken, cracked or permanently deformed. 6.5 Anti-damage test
Let the lifebuoy fall freely from a height of 2m to the concrete floor three times, and there should be no breakage or cracks. 7 Acceptance rules
7.1 The manufacturer shall inspect the buoyancy materials, wrapping cloth and sutures according to the requirements of Chapter 4 of this standard, and submit the inspection results to the ship inspection department for weekly review. 7.2 The number of lifebuoys produced continuously with the same process and the same material shall not exceed 500 per batch. After each batch of lifebuoys is manufactured, it shall be reported to the ship inspection bureau for inspection and acceptance by personnel from the technical inspection department in accordance with the provisions of 7.3 to 7.5 of this standard. During the manufacturing period, the Ship Inspection Bureau may also send personnel to the factory for inspection at any time.
7.3 The number of lifebuoys sampled for acceptance shall be 2% of the number of lifebuoys in each batch, but not less than 2. 7.4 The acceptance includes the following items:
Inspect the dimensions according to the requirements of Chapter 2.
7.4.2 Inspect the surface color, handle rope, reflective material and buoyancy according to the requirements of Chapter 4, 4.2, 4.3, 4.11 and 4.8. 7.4.3 Inspect the sewing according to the requirements of 4.16. If necessary, cut open the wrapping cloth to inspect the ring body. 7.4.43
7.5 If the inspection result is unqualified, double the number should be re-inspected. During the re-inspection, if only one item is unqualified, the entire batch will be scrapped. 7.6 The factory shall conduct at least one test each year according to 1.5, 4.9 and 4.10 of this standard. 7.7 Initial production, production change, two-year suspension, and replacement of process and new buoyancy materials shall be inspected in accordance with the requirements of Chapter 4 of this standard. Production can only be put into operation after passing the inspection.
8 Marking, packaging and storage
The lifebuoy should have a nameplate including the logo, model, manufacturer name, product number, manufacturing year and month, and the inspection mark of the Ship Inspection Bureau.
8.2 The packaging of the lifebuoy must ensure that it is not eroded by rain or snow. When packing, care should be taken not to deform the ring body and it should not be damaged during transportation. 8.3 The lifebuoy should be stored in a clean and dry warehouse and should be placed flat without being squeezed. 543
Sample cutting and pretreatment
GB4302-84
Appendix A
Test method for closed-cell foam plastics used for lifebuoys (supplement)
The sample size shall be implemented in accordance with the provisions of the measurement project. The sample cutting should be representative and sampling should not be concentrated on a certain part. After the sample is cut, it should be placed in a test environment of 23±2℃ and relative humidity of 65±5% for 4 hours. A.1.3
Determination of chemical stability
Take 50×50×25mm samples, each group of , respectively, tie weights and immerse in 20% sulfuric acid aqueous solution, 45% caustic soda aqueous solution, 3% sodium chloride aqueous solution and diesel. At 23±2℃, take out after 24 hours and check whether the sample has changed. A.3
Self-extinguishing property determination
Sample size: 200×25×10mm, three pieces in each group. Instruments: stopwatch, candle, steel ruler.
Test steps: Place the sample at a 45° angle to the horizontal direction, burn it with a candle flame for 5 seconds, then remove the fire source, and use a stopwatch to measure the time the sample continues to burn after the flame is removed. It should be extinguished within 2 seconds and not smolder (as shown in Figure A1). A.4
Determination of temperature resistance
A.4.1 Determination of heat resistance
Sample size: 50×50×25mm, three pieces in each group. Instruments: constant temperature box, steel ruler.
Self-imagination limit
Combustion limit
Steps: Place the sample flat on the metal mesh of a thermostatic box at 65±2℃, with a spacing of not less than 25mm. Take it out after 8 hours and check that its appearance is not sticky.
Determination of cold resistance
GB 4302—84
Sample size: 50×50×25mm, three pieces per group. Instrument: low-temperature refrigerator, steel ruler.
Steps: Place the sample in a low-temperature refrigerator at -30±2℃, with a spacing of not less than 25mm. Take it out after 8 hours and check that its appearance is not cracked.
A.5 Determination of water absorption
Sample size: 50×50×25mm; three pieces per group. Instrument: analytical balance (sensitivity 0.0001g), vernier caliper, glass container for water. Steps: a. Measure the size of the sample to an accuracy of 1mm, measure three points each, and take the arithmetic mean. b. Place the sample in a desiccator filled with calcium nitride, take it out after 24 hours and weigh it on a balance, then immerse the sample in a glass container filled with distilled water to a depth of 50mm, the water temperature is 23±2℃, and leave it for 21 hours. Take out the sample, use filter paper to absorb the surface moisture and weigh it. Taking out, absorbing and weighing should be completed within 3 minutes. Calculation formula:
Formula t: W. ——Water absorption per unit area, kg/m2; G1-mass of the sample before immersion, g,
G2-mass of the sample after immersion, g,
G２-G
STotal surface area of the sample, cm2.
The arithmetic mean of the sample is the test result, take two significant figures. A.6 Strength determination
A.6.1 Compression strength determination
Specimen size: 50×50×50mm, 3 pieces per group. Instrument: Testing machine, the indication value is from 1090% of each level dial scale, but not less than 4% of the maximum load of the testing machine. The error of the reading indication should be within ±1%, the no-load speed is 50±5mm/min, and the vernier caliper (reading value 0.05mm). Test steps: Place the sample between the pressure plates, the upper and lower pressure plates should be parallel to each other and perpendicular to the pressure direction, and test at the specified speed. When the sample is compressed by 50%, read the load value. Calculation formula:
Where: (c——compressive strength, kgf/cm2 (MPa), P is the load for 50% compression, kgf,
F——cross-sectional area of the compressive surface of the specimen, cm\. The average value of the specimen is the test result, rounded to three significant figures. A.6.2 Determination of tensile strength
Specimen size: as shown in Figure A2, 3 pieces per group.
Testing instrument: A.6.1.
GB 4302 -84
Test steps: Place the sample vertically in the upper and lower fixtures, and test at a specified speed. After the sample breaks, take the load value (if the sample breaks in the effective position, this sample will be invalid and another sample will be taken to make up for it). Calculation formula:
Formula: ot--Tensile strength, kg/cm2 (MPa)-Maximum load during sample test, kgf
b-Sample width, cm:
dSample thickness, cm.
Additional instructions:
This standard was proposed by the State Shipbuilding Corporation and is under the jurisdiction of Guangzhou Shipbuilding. This standard was drafted by the Tianjin Office of the 15th Plastic Products Bureau and Ship Inspection Bureau of Tianjin. The main drafters of this standard are Gu Songzhen and Xi Xueshi. From the date of implementation of this standard, the original departmental standard CB67-74 "Lifebuoy" will be invalid. 54605mm). Test steps: Place the sample between the pressure plates. The upper and lower pressure plates should be parallel to each other and perpendicular to the pressure direction. Test at the specified speed. When the sample is compressed by 50%, read the load value. Calculation formula:
Where: (c——compression strength, kgf/cm2 (MPa), P is the load for 50% compression, kgf,
F——cross-sectional area of the pressure surface of the sample, cm\. The average value of the sample is the test result, rounded to three significant figures. A.6.2 Determination of tensile strength
Sample size: 3 pieces per group as shown in Figure A2.
Testing instrument: A.6.1.
GB 4302 -84
Test steps: Place the sample vertically in the upper and lower fixtures, and test at a specified speed. After the sample breaks, take the load value (if the sample breaks in the effective position, this sample will be invalid and another sample will be taken to make up for it). Calculation formula:
Formula: ot--Tensile strength, kg/cm2 (MPa)-Maximum load during sample test, kgf
b-Sample width, cm:
dSample thickness, cm.
Additional instructions:
This standard was proposed by the State Shipbuilding Corporation and is under the jurisdiction of Guangzhou Shipbuilding. This standard was drafted by the Tianjin Office of the 15th Plastic Products Bureau and Ship Inspection Bureau of Tianjin. The main drafters of this standard are Gu Songzhen and Xi Xueshi. From the date of implementation of this standard, the original departmental standard CB67-74 "Lifebuoy" will be invalid. 54605mm). Test steps: Place the sample between the pressure plates. The upper and lower pressure plates should be parallel to each other and perpendicular to the pressure direction. Test at the specified speed. When the sample is compressed by 50%, read the load value. Calculation formula:
Where: (c——compression strength, kgf/cm2 (MPa), P is the load for 50% compression, kgf,
F——cross-sectional area of the pressure surface of the sample, cm\. The average value of the sample is the test result, rounded to three significant figures. A.6.2 Determination of tensile strength
Sample size: 3 pieces per group as shown in Figure A2.
Testing instrument: A.6.1.
GB 4302 -84
Test steps: Place the sample vertically in the upper and lower fixtures, and test at a specified speed. After the sample breaks, take the load value (if the sample breaks in the effective position, this sample will be invalid and another sample will be taken to make up for it). Calculation formula:
Formula: ot--Tensile strength, kg/cm2 (MPa)-Maximum load during sample test, kgf
b-Sample width, cm:
dSample thickness, cm.
Additional instructions:
This standard was proposed by the State Shipbuilding Corporation and is under the jurisdiction of Guangzhou Shipbuilding. This standard was drafted by the Tianjin Office of the 15th Plastic Products Bureau and Ship Inspection Bureau of Tianjin. The main drafters of this standard are Gu Songzhen and Xi Xueshi. From the date of implementation of this standard, the original departmental standard CB67-74 "Lifebuoy" will be invalid. 546
Tip: This standard content only shows part of the intercepted content of the complete standard. If you need the complete standard, please go to the top to download the complete standard document for free.