JB/T 5144-1991 Performance test methods for gasoline engines used in construction machinery
Some standard content:
Mechanical Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
JB/T5144-91
Gasoline Engine for Construction Machinery
Performance Test Methods
Issued on June 26, 1991
Implementation by the Ministry of Machinery and Electronics Industry of the People's Republic of China on July 1, 1992
Mechanical Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
Gasoline Engine for Construction Machinery
Performance Test Methods
Subject Content and Scope of Application
JB/T5144-91
This standard specifies the method for conducting performance tests on the test bench for gasoline engines for construction machinery (hereinafter referred to as gasoline engines). This standard applies to the finalization test, acceptance test, regular quality inspection, factory test and quality inspection test of gasoline engines for construction machinery (such as forklifts, dump trucks, loaders, etc.). Cited standards
GB1859
GB1883
GB3821
Names of internal combustion engine parts
Methods for bench performance test of internal combustion enginesStandard environmental conditions and calibration of power, fuel consumption and oil consumptionMethods for bench performance test of internal combustion enginesTest methodsMethods for bench performance test of internal combustion enginesMeasurement technologyMethods for measuring noise of internal combustion engines
Names and terms of reciprocating piston internal combustion engines
Methods for measuring cleanliness of medium and small power internal combustion enginesTerms, symbols and codes
Measured effective power: the power output by a gasoline engine under actual environmental conditions.Corrected effective power: the power output by the measured effective power corrected to the power under standard environmental conditions.Net power: the corrected effective power output by a gasoline engine with a full set of accessories.Gross power: the corrected effective power output by an engine with only the accessories necessary to maintain operation. Rated power: The power that the gasoline engine should output at the specified rated speed under standard environmental conditions according to the specific purpose of the manufacturer. 4
Standard environmental conditions, power calibration, fuel and oil consumption 4.1 Standard environmental conditions
According to the provisions of GB1105.1:
Atmospheric pressure: P. =100kPa;
Ambient temperature: To=298K or 25℃;
Relative humidity: o=30%.
Power calibration
According to the 1h power specified in GB1105.1 and the use requirements of engineering machinery, the rated power of the gasoline engine is the total power allowed to run continuously for 1h.
3 Power tolerance
The tolerance value of the rated power has a lower limit of -5% in the spot check test and a lower limit of -3% in the finalization or acceptance test, and the upper limit is not specified. Approved by the Ministry of Machinery and Electronics Industry on June 26, 1991 and implemented on July 1, 1992
4.4 Fuel consumption
JB/T5144-91
The fuel consumption and fuel consumption rate shall comply with the provisions of Article 3.1.3.2 of GB1105.1. 4.4.1
4.4.2 The calibration of fuel consumption rate is calculated based on the rated power and shall not exceed the specified value in the technical documents. 4.5 Oil consumption
The oil consumption, oil consumption rate and oil-fuel consumption percentage shall comply with the provisions of Articles 4.1 to 4.3 of GB1105.1. 4.5.2
The calibration of oil consumption rate is based on the operating condition of 90% rated power at the rated speed. 5 Correction of effective power of gasoline engine
5.1 When the gasoline engine is running under non-standard environmental conditions, its effective power should be corrected to the standard environmental conditions. If necessary, it can also be corrected from the standard environmental conditions to the on-site environmental conditions. 5.2 Correction of effective power
Correction formula
Where: Po effective power under standard environmental conditions, kW: P-effective power under on-site environmental conditions, kW: aa-correction coefficient;
ps=p-opsw-dry air pressure under on-site environmental conditions, which is the difference between the total intake pressure and the partial pressure of water vapor, kPa: p-atmospheric pressure under on-site environmental conditions, kPa: psw-saturated steam pressure under on-site environmental conditions, kPa①-relative humidity under on-site environmental conditions; T-on-site ambient temperature, K.
....(2)
Formula (2) is applicable only when 0.93≤a≤1.07 and 288K (15℃)≤T≤308K (35℃) and 80kPa≤P,≤110kPa. Otherwise, the test report shall specify the on-site environmental conditions during the test. aa and Opw. The values can be found in Appendix A (reference). 5.3
The fuel consumption rate of gasoline engines is calculated according to the measured value without correction. 9 yuan = 1000 ×
Where: ge—measured fuel consumption rate, g (kW·h); G—measured fuel consumption, kg/h;
P—measured effective power, kW.
6 Test categories
6.1 Finalization test: A test conducted before a gasoline engine of a new design or major improvement or re-manufactured is put into mass production to comprehensively check whether its performance indicators meet the requirements and to evaluate its reliability and durability. 6.2 Acceptance test: A test conducted to check whether the gasoline engine meets the manufacturer's delivery acceptance technical conditions and relevant contracts. It can also be conducted at the same time as the spot check test.
6.3 Regular quality inspection: In order to assess the stability of the manufacturing quality of gasoline engines produced in mass production, a certain number of products are regularly sampled for performance tests based on the batch size. If necessary, reliability and durability tests can be conducted. 6.4 Factory test: A major performance test conducted on a test bench to check whether the product quality meets the requirements of the specified indicators before the gasoline engine leaves the factory.
Test items
The various test items for gasoline engines shall be as specified in Table 1 and may be increased or decreased according to the test category and the structure of the gasoline engine. Table 1
Article reference
Standard article
Test and inspection items
Starting performance test
Minimum no-load stable speed (idle speed) measurement No-load characteristic test
Rated power inspection
Speed regulation performance test
Minimum working stable speed measurement
Speed characteristic test (external characteristics, partial speed characteristics) Rated power Working stability test
Load characteristic test
Universal characteristic test
Each cylinder working uniformity test||tt ||Determination of mechanical efficiency
Determination of oil consumption
Special performance test
Tilt test
Cleanliness determination
Noise determination
Reliability and durability test
Vibration test
Exhaust emission determination
Test category
Note: ①O—items that should be carried out; ×—items that may not be carried out; △—items that can be selected as needed; ②When there are special requirements for the test items, the manufacturer and the purchaser can negotiate and decide; 8 Main parameter measurement accuracy, instrument precision and requirements for measurement position Spot check
The determined parameter measurement accuracy is applicable to product finalization test, acceptance test and regular spot check test. 8.1 The measurement accuracy of main parameters and the precision of instruments are shown in Table 2. 3
Factory test is carried out at room temperature
The maximum
no-load stable speed
Gasoline engine with governor
This test is carried out
Effective power
Fuel consumption rate
Atmospheric pressure (absolute)
Compression pressure
Maximum explosion pressure
Intake pressure (absolute)
Intake pressure drop
Exhaust pressure (absolute)
Oil pressure
Cooling medium temperature
Oil temperature
Exhaust main pipe temperature
Fuel consumption
Oil consumption rate
Air consumption
Intake temperature
The measurement position shall comply with the provisions of GB1105.3.
Test conditions
JB/T5144-91
g/(kw-h)
g/(kw-h)
Accuracy
Instrument accuracy
±100Pa
±100Pa
±200Pa
±1%, 0.1s
(Timing accuracy)
±IK(±1℃)
The gasoline engine should be equipped with necessary accessories during the test, and the names of the accessories should be recorded in detail on the corresponding test record sheet or test report. If the random parts and accessories that do not belong to the gasoline engine itself (such as hydraulic pumps, brake compressor pumps and air conditioning pumps, etc.) cannot be removed during the test due to structural reasons, the power consumed by them should be included in the effective power of the gasoline engine or deducted from the mechanical efficiency. 9.3 Before the finalization test of a newly designed or significantly improved gasoline engine, a preliminary test should be conducted in advance to determine the adjustment of its mixture quality, ignition advance angle, etc., and a report should be written. The subsequent tests will be carried out according to the selected adjustments. 9.4 Before the test, the gasoline engine can be run-in according to the running-in specifications specified by the manufacturer. During the acceptance test, the manufacturer and the orderer can also negotiate and formulate the running-in specifications. The general running-in time for random inspection tests shall not exceed 30 hours. 9.5 Before the test, the carburetor, ignition advance angle, etc. should be adjusted, and the gap between the breaker contacts, the spark plug electrode gap, the intake and exhaust valve gap, the maximum no-load stable speed, etc. should be adjusted as required. During the test, no adjustments shall be made except those specified in the relevant provisions of this standard.
The fuel and engine oil of the brand specified by the manufacturer shall be used in the test. The engine oil temperature and pressure, the coolant outlet temperature, etc. shall be in accordance with the manufacturer's regulations. When the gasoline engine is tested without a fan, an external fan or corresponding device can be set to blow heat to the gasoline engine. Test method
Starting performance test
To evaluate the general starting performance of gasoline engines, the test is carried out at room temperature. The finalization test must also be carried out at 263K (-10℃). 10.1.1 During the test, the gasoline engine is disconnected from the dynamometer, and the temperature difference between the engine oil, fuel, antifreeze, and battery electrolyte used and the ambient temperature does not exceed 1℃.
The starting test is allowed to be repeated three times, and the starting operation is carried out in accordance with the manufacturer's regulations. The starter motor is dragged for no more than 15S each time. After the engine is fully detonated, it can be started automatically, which is a successful start. If the starter motor fails to run automatically after being dragged for 15s, it is a failed start. The interval between the two starting operations is 2min. If one of the three starts can start and run normally, it is a successful start. 4
JB/T5144-91
10.1.2 Low temperature start, without any auxiliary starting measures, under the condition of ambient temperature of -10℃, start the gasoline engine according to the method in 10.1.1, and allow to drag for 30s. If one of the three starts is successful, it is considered to be a successful start. 10.1.3 Hot engine start
The gasoline engine runs for 1h under the calibrated working conditions, and immediately starts the hot engine after stopping. It is allowed to repeat the start three times. Among them, a successful start is considered to be successful. The starting method shall be in accordance with the provisions of 10.1.1 of this standard. 10.1.4 The starting test shall measure the environmental condition parameters, the specific gravity and temperature of the electrolyte before starting, the temperature of the cooling medium and the engine oil, the working voltage and current of the starter, the working voltage of the battery, the drag speed, the viscosity of the engine oil and the gasoline range. Record the number of successful and failed starts, the starting time, and observe whether there is any leakage or water leakage. 10.2 Determination of the minimum no-load stable speed (rapid speed) This is a test conducted to evaluate the rapid speed stability and rapid emission of gasoline engines. The rapid speed of the gasoline engine reaches the specified value, and the rapid emission and speed change are well matched. During the test, the dynamometer is not connected, the throttle is gradually closed, and the idle mixture adjustment screw and the throttle rapid speed limit screw are adjusted alternately to gradually reduce the speed of the gasoline engine to a speed fluctuation of nearly 10%, and it can run continuously for more than 5 minutes, that is, the gasoline engine reaches the specified no-load minimum stable speed. At the same time, the concentration of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons is measured with an exhaust gas analyzer. The speed and its fluctuation, fuel consumption, oil pressure and intake pipe vacuum are measured, and then the throttle is suddenly opened, and the gasoline engine should not stall. 10.3 No-load characteristic test
Determine the relationship between the fuel consumption and speed change of the gasoline engine when it is empty. During the test, the dynamometer is not connected. The gasoline engine is gradually increased from the lowest no-load stable speed to the highest no-load speed. Several points (not less than 6 points) are evenly distributed during the test. The fuel consumption at each speed is measured and the no-load characteristic curve is drawn.
10.4 Rated power check
Check whether the gasoline engine reaches the rated power. At the rated power speed, gradually increase the throttle opening and increase the load until the rated power is reached. Measure the power, fuel consumption, torque and other parameters at this time.
10.5 Speed regulation performance test
Measure the speed regulation performance of the gasoline engine and conduct a test to evaluate the speed regulation rate. For gasoline engines with pneumatic speed governors, the speed limit test should be carried out according to the highest no-load speed required by the manufacturer. This test can be carried out in combination with the speed characteristic. 10.5.1 During the test, the gasoline engine is stably operated under the rated working conditions. All loads are removed to make the gasoline engine reach the highest no-load stable speed, and record whether the value meets the manufacturer's requirements. Adjustments are allowed to be made in the finalization test to reach the specified value. 10.5.2 When the gasoline engine is running stably under the calibrated working condition, all loads are removed. After reaching the highest no-load stable speed, the load is gradually increased until the above working condition is reached. The stable speed, torque, fuel consumption rate and other parameters are measured under each load, and the speed regulation characteristic curve is drawn.
In the test, 10 or more measurement points can be selected, and more measurement points are distributed at the speed governor setting point, that is, the turning point of the curve. 10.5.3 The stable speed regulation rate α2 of the gasoline engine under the calibrated working condition is calculated according to formula (4): (the average value of three calculations is used to determine the speed regulation rate value) 0×100%
In the formula: nomx is the highest no-load stable speed, r/min; nb is the calibrated speed, r/min.
10.5.4 Speed fluctuation rate or speed change rate of gasoline engine oooitseee
Measure the speed change degree under stable operation condition. During the test, the gasoline engine is operated under the calibrated condition for not less than 2 minutes, and its speed fluctuation rate or speed change rate is measured.
Speed fluctuation rate is calculated according to formula (5):
Speed change rate is calculated according to formula (6).
JB/T5144-91
$mx100%
Where; nemx is the highest speed during the measurement period, r/min; ncmin is the lowest speed during the measurement period, r/min; nm is the average speed during the measurement period, r/min; nm = nema, ncmm, r/min
10.6 Determination of minimum stable working speed
Measure the minimum stable working speed of the gasoline engine. 6
During the test, the throttle is fully open, and the load is gradually changed from the rated speed to reduce the speed so that the gasoline engine reaches the lowest stable working speed and can operate stably at this speed.
This test can be combined with the external characteristic test. 10.7 Speed characteristic test (external characteristics, partial speed characteristics) Determine the law of the change of various main performance parameters of the gasoline engine with the speed. When conducting the external characteristic test, the throttle is fixed in the fully open position. When conducting the partial speed characteristic, the throttle is fixed at the positions of rated power, 90% rated power, 75% rated power, 50% rated power, 25% rated power, etc. at the rated speed. Gradually increase the load and reduce the speed. Select no less than 6 speed points within the speed range that can operate stably (when the throttle is in the fully open position, it should include the rated speed point, the maximum torque speed point and the minimum fuel consumption speed point) for test measurement. The speed, torque, fuel consumption, intake state, cooling medium temperature, oil pressure, oil temperature, exhaust temperature and other parameters should be recorded, the fuel consumption rate should be calculated, and the characteristic curve should be drawn. In the test, abnormal phenomena such as knock, excessive temperature, unstable speed, excessive vibration, etc. should also be recorded. This test is carried out during product finalization and acceptance test. For gasoline engines with pneumatic governors and speed limit requirements, speed characteristic tests with and without governors should be carried out to compare the differences in the main parameters. 10.8 Rated power working stability test
To determine the stability of the main performance parameters of the gasoline engine when it is running under the rated working conditions. During the test, the speed, torque, fuel consumption, oil pressure, oil temperature, cooling medium temperature, intake state and other parameters are measured, and the working stability curve is drawn. Pay attention to the sound, vibration, water leakage, oil leakage, air leakage and other conditions, and make records. For gasoline engines with a rated power of 1h power, all parameters meet the factory's specified values when they are continuously operated for 1h under the rated working conditions during the test. Measure various parameters every 10 minutes as required. 10.9 Load characteristic test
Measure the law of change of various main performance parameters of gasoline engine with load at the specified speed, and evaluate the economy of gasoline engine under partial load. During the test, the gasoline engine is kept at the calibrated speed, maximum torque speed, minimum fuel consumption rate point speed or other specified speed, and the load is gradually increased from small to maximum. A number of measuring points (not less than 6 points) are appropriately distributed to measure its torque, fuel consumption, intake state, cooling medium temperature, oil temperature, exhaust temperature, oil pressure and other parameters, and calculate the fuel consumption rate. And draw the load characteristic curve.
10.10 The load characteristic test
is a comprehensive characteristic test to determine the relationship between various main performance parameters of gasoline engine. It can evaluate the economy of gasoline engine under various working conditions. You can choose one of the following two methods. 10.10.1 Load characteristic method; within the speed range where the gasoline engine can operate stably, select more than 8 speeds (including the rated speed, maximum torque speed, and minimum fuel consumption speed), keep the gasoline engine speed constant, and carry out load characteristic tests at various selected speeds in accordance with the provisions of Article 10.9, and draw load characteristic curves. 10.10.2 Speed characteristic method; according to the percentage of rated power, select more than 8 throttle openings, and carry out speed characteristic tests in accordance with the provisions of Article 10.7, and draw speed characteristic curves. During the test, measure the intake state, speed, torque, fuel consumption, throttle opening, and if necessary, measure the exhaust temperature, intake pipe vacuum and other parameters. According to the measured load characteristic curve or speed characteristic curve, draw a universal characteristic curve. 10.11 Cylinder working uniformity test
A test to determine the uniformity of various working parameters in the cylinder of a multi-cylinder gasoline engine. Generally carried out under the calibrated working conditions. During the test, the gasoline engine should be kept in a normal working hot state. The following two measurement methods can be selected for the test. 10.11.1 Direct determination of working parameters: During the test, the gasoline engine is running stably under the calibrated working conditions, and the compression pressure of each cylinder is measured. The maximum explosion pressure, average indicated pressure and exhaust temperature and other parameters are used to calculate the inequality rate of each parameter according to formula (7). (or Paln)
Where: Pm (or pmin)-the maximum (or minimum) value of each parameter; Pm-the arithmetic mean of the same parameter of each cylinder. 100%
10.11.2 Single cylinder flameout method: When the gasoline engine is running stably under the calibrated working conditions, stop one cylinder in turn, then reduce the load so that the speed quickly returns to the calibrated speed, and measure its effective power. The indicated power of a cylinder is approximately calculated by formula (8): PP.-P
Where: Pi-the indicated power of the i-th cylinder, kW: Pb-the calibrated power, kW:
P. =The effective power of the gasoline engine after the i-th cylinder stops working, kW. The unevenness of the indicated power of each cylinder is determined by formula (9): P (or Pma)-P
x100(%)
or: Pimax (or Pirin) - the maximum (or minimum) value of the indicated power of each cylinder, kW: Pim - the arithmetic mean of the indicated power of each cylinder, kW. 10.12 Determination of mechanical efficiency
(9)
To determine the mechanical efficiency of the gasoline engine under the calibrated working condition or under other specified working conditions, the electric dynamometer drag method or the single cylinder flameout method can be used for determination according to the purpose and structural characteristics of the internal combustion engine. 10.12.1 Electric dynamometer drag method
The gasoline engine runs stably under the calibrated working condition or other specified working conditions, and the thermal state remains stable. Then the oil circuit is cut off to burn out all the fuel in the pipeline, and the ignition power is cut off. Then the gasoline engine is dragged with a DC dynamometer to measure the drag power, which is the mechanical loss power. Starting from the rated speed, gradually reduce the speed to the lowest stable speed, and appropriately distribute more than 8 measurement points. The test should be completed within 3 minutes after the gasoline engine is turned off. During the test, measure the intake state, speed, mechanical loss, torque, intake pipe vacuum and oil temperature. The mechanical efficiency is calculated according to formula (10):
Where: P is the effective power under the specified working condition (Pp under the rated working condition), kW; P. is the mechanical loss power under the specified or rated working condition, kW. 10.12.2 Single cylinder flameout method
（10）
JB/T5144-91
The method is the same as that in Article 10.11.2. The mechanical efficiency is calculated according to formula (11): P
=+Pa++...
Wherein: P is the effective power under specified working conditions (P under the calibrated working conditions), kW: D
Pul, Pa, Pa.....Pi-
is the indicated power of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and kth cylinders under the specified working conditions or calibrated working conditions, kW.
Determination of oil consumption
For gasoline engines with a rated power of 1h power, the rated power is measured at 90% of the rated power at the rated speed. During the test, add new engine oil to the upper limit of the gasoline engine oil dipstick. After starting, adjust the engine to 75% of the rated power at the rated speed as soon as possible. After the engine oil temperature stabilizes, reduce the engine to 50% of the rated power and 80% of the rated speed, and stop the engine after 3 minutes. Slowly turn the crankshaft, rotate the crankshaft clockwise for one circle within 1 minute, and continue to rotate clockwise to the top dead center of the first cylinder. Remove the drain plug and start draining the oil for 15 minutes. Weigh the total mass (m) of the drained oil, container and funnel. Pour the oil back into the gasoline engine, and keep the oil, container and funnel that have not been poured out clean to prevent them from being contaminated.
After pouring the oil back into the gasoline engine, start it immediately. Quickly adjust the engine to 90% of the specified operating conditions and run it continuously for 12 hours. Then reduce the engine to 50% of the rated power and 80% of the rated speed for 3 minutes and stop the engine. Turn the crankshaft and drain the oil (using the original container and funnel) according to the above method, and weigh the total mass of the drained oil, container, and funnel (m). Calculate the oil consumption according to formula (12): mem (mm)/12
Where: m
Total mass of the oil, container, and funnel before the test: -Total mass of the oil, container, and funnel after the test. Calculate the oil consumption rate according to formula (13):
C=1000mg
Where: P—effective power of the test operating condition, kW. Calculate the oil fuel percentage according to formula (14): kg/h
×100%
×100%=
Where: -
—Fuel consumption rate within the test time period. 10.14 Special performance test
. (12)
(13)
The performance test items for gasoline engines to meet special purposes or under special environmental conditions shall be determined by the manufacturer and the user through consultation. 10.15 Tilt test
The test shall be carried out on a tilt test bench or on a drive machine. The engine shall be run at a rated speed in all directions for 15 minutes without load. During the tilt test, the lubrication, cooling and fuel supply systems of the gasoline engine shall be able to operate normally. 10.16 Cleanliness determination
The test shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB3821.
10.17 Noise determination
The test shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB1859.
3 Reliability and durability test
The test shall be carried out in accordance with relevant regulations.
Vibration test
The test shall be carried out in accordance with relevant regulations.
Test report
Recommended format of test report
sheets, etc.
JB/T5144-91
Cover: name of test unit, name of report, reporter, proofreader, approver, date and report number. Contents.
Foreword: Explain the source of the test task and the basis of the test. Purpose.
Test engine: Describe the test engine, explain the main performance parameters and structure of the gasoline engine, and attach graphics and photos. Test conditions: test equipment and instruments used, explain the brand and characteristic parameters of the fuel and oil used, etc. Test method: Explain the test method used. Test results: Process the original test data and express them with curves as much as possible. Important data can be listed. Analyze the data to draw conclusions and make suggestions. 11.2
Drawing of curves
Use a smooth curve to connect the measurement points on the coordinate paper, so that the curve passes through as many points as possible and is as close as possible to those points that fail to pass through, and make the distances between the points above and below the curve and the curve roughly equal, so that the value on the curve is the average value of the measurement points. 11.3 Faults and problems that occurred during the test and the solutions adopted. 11.4 Others.
11.5 Format of the test report
It is recommended to use the size of No. 4 drawing (210mm×297mm) or No. 5 drawing (148mm×210mm). 9
Determination of water vapor partial pressure
JB/T5144-91
Numerical chart for determining effective power and effective torque correction coefficient (reference)
Table A1 gives the water vapor partial pressure dpw (kPa) at different ambient temperatures t (℃) and relative humidity Φ. t
Equal oil volume method gasoline engine effective power conversion coefficient chart A1
dpswkPa
Equal oil volume method gasoline engine effective power conversion coefficient chart is shown in Figure A1. (99,According to the provisions of Article 7, speed characteristic tests are carried out respectively to prepare speed characteristic curves. During the test, the intake state, speed, torque, fuel consumption, throttle valve opening, exhaust temperature, intake pipe vacuum and other parameters can be measured when necessary. According to the measured load characteristic curve or speed characteristic curve, a universal characteristic curve is prepared. 10.11 Cylinder working uniformity test
A test to determine the uniformity of various working parameters in the cylinder of a multi-cylinder gasoline engine. It is generally carried out under the calibration working condition. The gasoline engine should be kept in the normal working thermal state during the test. The following two measurement methods can be selected for the test. 10.11.1 Direct determination of working parameters: During the test, the gasoline engine is operated stably under the calibration working condition, and the compression pressure of each cylinder is measured. The maximum explosion pressure, average indicated pressure and exhaust temperature and other parameters are measured, and the unevenness rate of each parameter is calculated according to formula (7). (or Paln)
Where: Pm (or pmin) is the maximum (or minimum) value of each parameter; Pm is the arithmetic mean of the same parameter of each cylinder. 100%
10.11.2 Single cylinder flameout method: When the gasoline engine is running stably under the calibrated working conditions, stop working one cylinder in turn, then reduce the load so that the speed quickly returns to the calibrated speed, and measure its effective power. The indicated power of a certain cylinder is approximately calculated by formula (8): PP.-P
Where: Pi is the indicated power of the i-th cylinder, kW: Pb is the calibrated power, kW:
P. is the effective power of the gasoline engine after the i-th cylinder stops working, kW. The unevenness of the indicated power of each cylinder is determined by formula (9) P (or Pma)-P
x100(%)
or where: Pimax (or Pirin) is the maximum (or minimum) value of the indicated power of each cylinder, kW: Pim is the arithmetic mean of the indicated power of each cylinder, kW. 10.12 Determination of mechanical efficiency
(9)
To determine the mechanical efficiency of a gasoline engine under the calibrated operating conditions or under other specified operating conditions, the electric dynamometer drag method or the single cylinder flameout method can be used for determination according to the purpose and structural characteristics of the internal combustion engine. 10.12.1 Electric dynamometer drag method
The gasoline engine is operated stably under the calibrated operating conditions or other specified operating conditions, and the thermal state remains stable. Then the oil circuit is cut off to burn out all the fuel in the pipeline, and the ignition power is cut off. Then the gasoline engine is dragged with a DC dynamometer to measure the drag power, which is the mechanical loss power. Starting from the rated speed, gradually reduce the speed to the lowest stable speed, and appropriately distribute more than 8 measurement points. The test should be completed within 3 minutes after the gasoline engine is turned off. During the test, measure the intake state, speed, mechanical loss, torque, intake pipe vacuum and oil temperature. The mechanical efficiency is calculated according to formula (10):
Where: P is the effective power under the specified working condition (Pp under the rated working condition), kW; P. is the mechanical loss power under the specified or rated working condition, kW. 10.12.2 Single cylinder flameout method
（10）
JB/T5144-91
The method is the same as that in Article 10.11.2. The mechanical efficiency is calculated according to formula (11): PbZxz.net
=+Pa++...
Wherein: P is the effective power under specified working conditions (P under the calibrated working conditions), kW: D
Pul, Pa, Pa.....Pi-
is the indicated power of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and kth cylinders under the specified working conditions or calibrated working conditions, kW.
Determination of oil consumption
For gasoline engines with a rated power of 1h power, the rated power is measured at 90% of the rated power at the rated speed. During the test, add new engine oil to the upper limit of the gasoline engine oil dipstick. After starting, adjust the engine to 75% of the rated power at the rated speed as soon as possible. After the engine oil temperature stabilizes, reduce the engine to 50% of the rated power and 80% of the rated speed, and stop the engine after 3 minutes. Slowly turn the crankshaft, rotate the crankshaft clockwise for one circle within 1 minute, and continue to rotate clockwise to the top dead center of the first cylinder. Remove the drain plug and start draining the oil for 15 minutes. Weigh the total mass (m) of the drained oil, container and funnel. Pour the oil back into the gasoline engine, and keep the oil, container and funnel that have not been drained clean to prevent them from being contaminated.
After pouring the oil back into the gasoline engine, start it immediately. Quickly adjust the engine to 90% of the specified operating conditions and run it continuously for 12 hours. Then reduce the engine to 50% of the rated power and 80% of the rated speed for 3 minutes and stop the engine. Turn the crankshaft and drain the oil (using the original container and funnel) according to the above method, and weigh the total mass of the drained oil, container, and funnel (m). Calculate the oil consumption according to formula (12): mem (mm)/12
Where: m
Total mass of the oil, container, and funnel before the test: -Total mass of the oil, container, and funnel after the test. Calculate the oil consumption rate according to formula (13):
C=1000mg
Where: P—effective power of the test operating condition, kW. Calculate the oil fuel percentage according to formula (14): kg/h
×100%
×100%=
Where: -
—Fuel consumption rate within the test time period. 10.14 Special performance test
. (12)
(13)
The performance test items for gasoline engines to meet special purposes or under special environmental conditions shall be determined by the manufacturer and the user through consultation. 10.15 Tilt test
The test shall be carried out on a tilt test bench or on a drive machine. The engine shall be run at a rated speed in all directions for 15 minutes without load. During the tilt test, the lubrication, cooling and fuel supply systems of the gasoline engine shall be able to operate normally. 10.16 Cleanliness determination
The test shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB3821.
10.17 Noise determination
The test shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB1859.
3 Reliability and durability test
The test shall be carried out in accordance with relevant regulations.
Vibration test
The test shall be carried out in accordance with relevant regulations.
Test report
Recommended format of test report
sheets, etc.
JB/T5144-91
Cover: name of test unit, name of report, reporter, proofreader, approver, date and report number. Contents.
Foreword: Explain the source of the test task and the basis of the test. Purpose.
Test engine: Describe the test engine, explain the main performance parameters and structure of the gasoline engine, and attach graphics and photos. Test conditions: test equipment and instruments used, explain the brand and characteristic parameters of the fuel and oil used, etc. Test method: Explain the test method used. Test results: Process the original test data and express them with curves as much as possible. Important data can be listed. Analyze the data to draw conclusions and make suggestions. 11.2
Drawing of curves
Use a smooth curve to connect the measurement points on the coordinate paper, so that the curve passes through as many points as possible and is as close as possible to those points that fail to pass through, and make the distances between the points above and below the curve and the curve roughly equal, so that the value on the curve is the average value of the measurement points. 11.3 Faults and problems that occurred during the test and the solutions adopted. 11.4 Others.
11.5 Format of the test report
It is recommended to use the size of No. 4 drawing (210mm×297mm) or No. 5 drawing (148mm×210mm). 9
Determination of water vapor partial pressure
JB/T5144-91
Numerical chart for determining effective power and effective torque correction coefficient (reference)
Table A1 gives the water vapor partial pressure dpw (kPa) at different ambient temperatures t (℃) and relative humidity Φ. t
Equal oil volume method gasoline engine effective power conversion coefficient chart A1
dpswkPa
Equal oil volume method gasoline engine effective power conversion coefficient chart is shown in Figure A1. (99,According to the provisions of Article 7, speed characteristic tests are carried out respectively to prepare speed characteristic curves. During the test, the intake state, speed, torque, fuel consumption, throttle valve opening, exhaust temperature, intake pipe vacuum and other parameters can be measured when necessary. According to the measured load characteristic curve or speed characteristic curve, a universal characteristic curve is prepared. 10.11 Cylinder working uniformity test
A test to determine the uniformity of various working parameters in the cylinder of a multi-cylinder gasoline engine. It is generally carried out under the calibration working condition. The gasoline engine should be kept in the normal working thermal state during the test. The following two measurement methods can be selected for the test. 10.11.1 Direct determination of working parameters: During the test, the gasoline engine is operated stably under the calibration working condition, and the compression pressure of each cylinder is measured. The maximum explosion pressure, average indicated pressure and exhaust temperature and other parameters are measured, and the unevenness rate of each parameter is calculated according to formula (7). (or Paln)
Where: Pm (or pmin) is the maximum (or minimum) value of each parameter; Pm is the arithmetic mean of the same parameter of each cylinder. 100%
10.11.2 Single cylinder flameout method: When the gasoline engine is running stably under the calibrated working conditions, stop working one cylinder in turn, then reduce the load so that the speed quickly returns to the calibrated speed, and measure its effective power. The indicated power of a certain cylinder is approximately calculated by formula (8): PP.-P
Where: Pi is the indicated power of the i-th cylinder, kW: Pb is the calibrated power, kW:
P. is the effective power of the gasoline engine after the i-th cylinder stops working, kW. The unevenness of the indicated power of each cylinder is determined by formula (9) P (or Pma)-P
x100(%)
or where: Pimax (or Pirin) is the maximum (or minimum) value of the indicated power of each cylinder, kW: Pim is the arithmetic mean of the indicated power of each cylinder, kW. 10.12 Determination of mechanical efficiency
(9)
To determine the mechanical efficiency of a gasoline engine under the calibrated operating conditions or under other specified operating conditions, the electric dynamometer drag method or the single cylinder flameout method can be used for determination according to the purpose and structural characteristics of the internal combustion engine. 10.12.1 Electric dynamometer drag method
The gasoline engine is operated stably under the calibrated operating conditions or other specified operating conditions, and the thermal state remains stable. Then the oil circuit is cut off to burn out all the fuel in the pipeline, and the ignition power is cut off. Then the gasoline engine is dragged with a DC dynamometer to measure the drag power, which is the mechanical loss power. Starting from the rated speed, gradually reduce the speed to the lowest stable speed, and appropriately distribute more than 8 measurement points. The test should be completed within 3 minutes after the gasoline engine is turned off. During the test, measure the intake state, speed, mechanical loss, torque, intake pipe vacuum and oil temperature. The mechanical efficiency is calculated according to formula (10):
Where: P is the effective power under the specified working condition (Pp under the rated working condition), kW; P. is the mechanical loss power under the specified or rated working condition, kW. 10.12.2 Single cylinder flameout method
（10）
JB/T5144-91
The method is the same as that in Article 10.11.2. The mechanical efficiency is calculated according to formula (11): P
=+Pa++...
Wherein: P is the effective power under specified working conditions (P under the calibrated working conditions), kW: D
Pul, Pa, Pa.....Pi-
is the indicated power of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and kth cylinders under the specified working conditions or calibrated working conditions, kW.
Determination of oil consumption
For gasoline engines with a rated power of 1h power, the rated power is measured at 90% of the rated power at the rated speed. During the test, add new engine oil to the upper limit of the gasoline engine oil dipstick. After starting, adjust the engine to 75% of the rated power at the rated speed as soon as possible. After the engine oil temperature stabilizes, reduce the engine to 50% of the rated power and 80% of the rated speed, and stop the engine after 3 minutes. Slowly turn the crankshaft, rotate the crankshaft clockwise for one circle within 1 minute, and continue to rotate clockwise to the top dead center of the first cylinder. Remove the drain plug and start draining the oil for 15 minutes. Weigh the total mass (m) of the drained oil, container and funnel. Pour the oil back into the gasoline engine, and keep the oil, container and funnel that have not been poured out clean to prevent them from being contaminated.
After pouring the oil back into the gasoline engine, start it immediately. Quickly adjust the engine to 90% of the specified operating conditions and run it continuously for 12 hours. Then reduce the engine to 50% of the rated power and 80% of the rated speed for 3 minutes and stop the engine. Turn the crankshaft and drain the oil (using the original container and funnel) according to the above method, and weigh the total mass of the drained oil, container, and funnel (m). Calculate the oil consumption according to formula (12): mem (mm)/12
Where: m
Total mass of the oil, container, and funnel before the test: -Total mass of the oil, container, and funnel after the test. Calculate the oil consumption rate according to formula (13):
C=1000mg
Where: P—effective power of the test operating condition, kW. Calculate the oil fuel percentage according to formula (14): kg/h
×100%
×100%=
Where: -
—Fuel consumption rate within the test time period. 10.14 Special performance test
. (12)
(13)
The performance test items for gasoline engines to meet special purposes or under special environmental conditions shall be determined by the manufacturer and the user through consultation. 10.15 Tilt test
The test shall be carried out on a tilt test bench or on a drive machine. The engine shall be run at a rated speed in all directions for 15 minutes without load. During the tilt test, the lubrication, cooling and fuel supply systems of the gasoline engine shall be able to operate normally. 10.16 Cleanliness determination
The test shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB3821.
10.17 Noise determination
The test shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB1859.
3 Reliability and durability test
The test shall be carried out in accordance with relevant regulations.
Vibration test
The test shall be carried out in accordance with relevant regulations.
Test report
Recommended format of test report
sheets, etc.
JB/T5144-91
Cover: name of test unit, name of report, reporter, proofreader, approver, date and report number. Contents.
Foreword: Explain the source of the test task and the basis of the test. Purpose.
Test engine: Describe the test engine, explain the main performance parameters and structure of the gasoline engine, and attach graphics and photos. Test conditions: test equipment and instruments used, explain the brand and characteristic parameters of the fuel and oil used, etc. Test method: Explain the test method used. Test results: Process the original test data and express them with curves as much as possible. Important data can be listed. Analyze the data to draw conclusions and make suggestions. 11.2
Drawing of curves
Use a smooth curve to connect the measurement points on the coordinate paper, so that the curve passes through as many points as possible and is as close as possible to those points that fail to pass through, and make the distances between the points above and below the curve and the curve roughly equal, so that the value on the curve is the average value of the measurement points. 11.3 Faults and problems that occurred during the test and the solutions adopted. 11.4 Others.
11.5 Format of the test report
It is recommended to use the size of No. 4 drawing (210mm×297mm) or No. 5 drawing (148mm×210mm). 9
Determination of water vapor partial pressure
JB/T5144-91
Numerical chart for determining effective power and effective torque correction coefficient (reference)
Table A1 gives the water vapor partial pressure dpw (kPa) at different ambient temperatures t (℃) and relative humidity Φ. t
Equal oil volume method gasoline engine effective power conversion coefficient chart A1
dpswkPa
Equal oil volume method gasoline engine effective power conversion coefficient chart is shown in Figure A1. (99,2 Single cylinder flameout method: When the gasoline engine is running stably under the calibrated working conditions, stop one cylinder in turn, then reduce the load so that the speed quickly returns to the calibrated speed, and measure its effective power. The indicated power of a certain cylinder is approximately calculated by formula (8): PP.-P
Where: Pi is the indicated power of the i-th cylinder, kW: Pb is the calibrated power, kW:
P. is the effective power of the gasoline engine after the i-th cylinder stops working, kW. The unevenness of the indicated power of each cylinder is determined by formula (9) P (or Pma)-P
x100(%)
or Where: Pimax (or Pirin) is the maximum (or minimum) value of the indicated power of each cylinder, kW: Pim is the arithmetic mean of the indicated power of each cylinder, kW. 10.12 Determination of mechanical efficiency
(9)
To determine the mechanical efficiency of a gasoline engine under the rated operating conditions or under other specified operating conditions, the electric dynamometer drag method or the single-cylinder flameout method may be used for determination according to the purpose and structural characteristics of the internal combustion engine. 10.12.1 Electric dynamometer drag method
The gasoline engine is operated stably under the rated operating conditions or other specified operating conditions, and the thermal state is kept stable. Then the oil circuit is cut off so that all the fuel in the pipeline is burned out, and the ignition power is cut off. The gasoline engine is then dragged with a DC dynamometer to measure the drag power, which is the mechanical loss power. Starting from the rated speed, the speed is gradually reduced to the lowest stable speed, and more than 8 measurement points are appropriately distributed. The test should be completed within 3 minutes after the gasoline engine is turned off. During the test, the intake state, speed, mechanical loss, torque, intake pipe vacuum and oil temperature are measured. The mechanical efficiency is calculated according to formula (10):
Where: P-effective power under specified working conditions (Pp under calibrated working conditions), kW; P.-mechanical loss power under specified or calibrated working conditions, kW. 10.12.2 Single cylinder flameout method
(10)
JB/T5144-91
The method is the same as Article 10.11.2. The mechanical efficiency is calculated according to formula (11): P
=+Pa++...
Where: P-effective power under specified working conditions (P under calibrated working conditions), kW: D
Pul, Pa, Pa.....Pi-
are the indicated powers of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and kth cylinders under specified working conditions or calibrated working conditions, kW respectively.
Determination of oil consumption
A gasoline engine with a rated power of 1h is tested at 90% of the rated power at the rated speed. During the test, add new oil to the upper limit of the gasoline engine oil dipstick. After starting, adjust the engine to 75% of the rated power at the rated speed as soon as possible. After the oil temperature stabilizes, reduce the engine to 50% of the rated power and 80% of the rated speed. Stop the engine after 3 minutes. Slowly turn the crankshaft, rotate the crankshaft clockwise for one circle within 1 minute and continue to rotate clockwise to the top dead center of the first cylinder. Remove the drain plug and start draining the oil for 15 minutes. Weigh the total mass (m) of the drained oil, container and funnel. Pour the oil back into the gasoline engine, and keep the oil, container and funnel that have not been drained clean to prevent them from being contaminated.
After pouring the oil back into the gasoline engine, start it immediately. Quickly adjust the engine to 90% of the specified working conditions and run it continuously for 12 hours. Then reduce to 50% rated power and 80% rated speed and run for 3 minutes before stopping. Turn the crankshaft and drain the oil (using the original container and funnel) according to the above method, and weigh the total mass of the drained oil and the container and funnel (m). Calculate the oil consumption according to formula (12): mem (mm)/12
Where: m
Total mass of the oil, container and funnel before the test: -Total mass of the oil, container and funnel after the test. Calculate the oil consumption rate according to formula (13):
C=1000mg
Where: P—effective power of the test operation condition, kW. Calculate the oil fuel percentage according to formula (14): kg/h
×100%
×100%=
Where: -
—Fuel consumption rate within the test time period. 10.14 Special performance test
. (12)
(13)
The performance test items for gasoline engines to meet special purposes or under special environmental conditions shall be determined by the manufacturer and the user through consultation. 10.15 Tilt test
The test shall be carried out on a tilt test bench or on a drive machine. The engine shall be run at a rated speed in all directions for 15 minutes without load. During the tilt test, the lubrication, cooling and fuel supply systems of the gasoline engine shall be able to operate normally. 10.16 Cleanliness determination
The test shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB3821.
10.17 Noise determination
The test shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB1859.
3 Reliability and durability test
The test shall be carried out in accordance with relevant regulations.
Vibration test
The test shall be carried out in accordance with relevant regulations.
Test report
Recommended format of test report
sheets, etc.
JB/T5144-91
Cover: name of test unit, name of report, reporter, proofreader, approver, date and report number. Contents.
Foreword: Explain the source of the test task and the basis of the test. Purpose.
Test engine: Describe the test engine, explain the main performance parameters and structure of the gasoline engine, and attach graphics and photos. Test conditions: test equipment and instruments used, explain the brand and characteristic parameters of the fuel and oil used, etc. Test method: Explain the test method used. Test results: Process the original test data and express them with curves as much as possible. Important data can be listed. Analyze the data to draw conclusions and make suggestions. 11.2
Drawing of curves
Use a smooth curve to connect the measurement points on the coordinate paper, so that the curve passes through as many points as possible and is as close as possible to those points that fail to pass through, and make the distances between the points above and below the curve and the curve roughly equal, so that the value on the curve is the average value of the measurement points. 11.3 Faults and problems that occurred during the test and the solutions adopted. 11.4 Others.
11.5 Format of the test report
It is recommended to use the size of No. 4 drawing (210mm×297mm) or No. 5 drawing (148mm×210mm). 9
Determination of water vapor partial pressure
JB/T5144-91
Numerical chart for determining effective power and effective torque correction coefficient (reference)
Table A1 gives the water vapor partial pressure dpw (kPa) at different ambient temperatures t (℃) and relative humidity Φ. t
Equal oil volume method gasoline engine effective power conversion coefficient chart A1
dpswkPa
Equal oil volume method gasoline engine effective power conversion coefficient chart is shown in Figure A1. (99,2 Single cylinder flameout method: When the gasoline engine is running stably under the calibrated working conditions, stop one cylinder in turn, then reduce the load so that the speed quickly returns to the calibrated speed, and measure its effective power. The indicated power of a certain cylinder is approximately calculated by formula (8): PP.-P
Where: Pi is the indicated power of the i-th cylinder, kW: Pb is the calibrated power, kW:
P. is the effective power of the gasoline engine after the i-th cylinder stops working, kW. The unevenness of the indicated power of each cylinder is determined by formula (9) P (or Pma)-P
x100(%)
or Where: Pimax (or Pirin) is the maximum (or minimum) value of the indicated power of each cylinder, kW: Pim is the arithmetic mean of the indicated power of each cylinder, kW. 10.12 Determination of mechanical efficiency
(9)
The mechanical efficiency of a gasoline engine under the rated operating conditions or under other specified operating conditions may be determined by the electric dynamometer drag method or the single cylinder flameout method according to the purpose and structural characteristics of the internal combustion engine. 10.12.1 Electric dynamometer drag method
The gasoline engine is operated stably under the rated operating conditions or other specified operating conditions, and the thermal state is kept stable. Then the oil circuit is cut off so that all the fuel in the pipeline is burned out, and the ignition power is cut off. The gasoline engine is then dragged with a DC dynamometer to measure the drag power, which is the mechanical loss power. Starting from the rated speed, the speed is gradually reduced to the lowest stable speed, and more than 8 measurement points are appropriately distributed. The test should be completed within 3 minutes after the gasoline engine is turned off. During the test, the intake state, speed, mechanical loss, torque, intake pipe vacuum and oil temperature are measured. The mechanical efficiency is calculated according to formula (10):
Where: P-effective power under specified working conditions (Pp under calibrated working conditions), kW; P.-mechanical loss power under specified or calibrated working conditions, kW. 10.12.2 Single cylinder flameout method
(10)
JB/T5144-91
The method is the same as Article 10.11.2. The mechanical efficiency is calculated according to formula (11): P
=+Pa++...
Where: P-effective power under specified working conditions (P under calibrated working conditions), kW: D
Pul, Pa, Pa.....Pi-
are the indicated powers of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and kth cylinders under specified working conditions or calibrated working conditions, kW respectively.
Determination of oil consumption
A gasoline engine with a rated power of 1h is tested at 90% of the rated power at the rated speed. During the test, add new oil to the upper limit of the gasoline engine oil dipstick. After starting, adjust the engine to 75% of the rated power at the rated speed as soon as possible. After the oil temperature stabilizes, reduce the engine to 50% of the rated power and 80% of the rated speed. Stop the engine after 3 minutes. Slowly turn the crankshaft, rotate the crankshaft clockwise for one circle within 1 minute and continue to rotate clockwise to the top dead center of the first cylinder. Remove the drain plug and start draining the oil for 15 minutes. Weigh the total mass (m) of the drained oil, container and funnel. Pour the oil back into the gasoline engine, and keep the oil, container and funnel that have not been drained clean to prevent them from being contaminated.
After pouring the oil back into the gasoline engine, start it immediately. Quickly adjust the engine to 90% of the specified working conditions and run it continuously for 12 hours. Then reduce to 50% rated power and 80% rated speed and run for 3 minutes before stopping. Turn the crankshaft and drain the oil (using the original container and funnel) according to the above method, and weigh the total mass of the drained oil and the container and funnel (m). Calculate the oil consumption according to formula (12): mem (mm)/12
Where: m
Total mass of the oil, container and funnel before the test: -Total mass of the oil, container and funnel after the test. Calculate the oil consumption rate according to formula (13):
C=1000mg
Where: P—effective power of the test operation condition, kW. Calculate the oil fuel percentage according to formula (14): kg/h
×100%
×100%=
Where: -
—Fuel consumption rate within the test time period. 10.14 Special performance test
. (12)
(13)
The performance test items for gasoline engines to meet special purposes or under special environmental conditions shall be determined by the manufacturer and the user through consultation. 10.15 Tilt test
The test shall be carried out on a tilt test bench or on a drive machine. The engine shall be run at a rated speed in all directions for 15 minutes without load. During the tilt test, the lubrication, cooling and fuel supply systems of the gasoline engine shall be able to operate normally. 10.16 Cleanliness determination
The test shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB3821.
10.17 Noise determination
The test shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB1859.
3 Reliability and durability test
The test shall be carried out in accordance with relevant regulations.
Vibration test
The test shall be carried out in accordance with relevant regulations.
Test report
Recommended format of test report
sheets, etc.
JB/T5144-91
Cover: name of test unit, name of report, reporter, proofreader, approver, date and report number. Contents.
Foreword: Explain the source of the test task and the basis of the test. Purpose.
Test engine: Describe the test engine, explain the main performance parameters and structure of the gasoline engine, and attach graphics and photos. Test conditions: test equipment and instruments used, explain the brand and characteristic parameters of the fuel and oil used, etc. Test method: Explain the test method used. Test results: Process the original test data and express them with curves as much as possible. Important data can be listed. Analyze the data to draw conclusions and make suggestions. 11.2
Drawing of curves
Use a smooth curve to connect the measurement points on the coordinate paper, so that the curve passes through as many points as possible and is as close as possible to those points that fail to pass through, and make the distances between the points above and below the curve and the curve roughly equal, so that the value on the curve is the average value of the measurement points. 11.3 Faults and problems that occurred during the test and the solutions adopted. 11.4 Others.
11.5 Format of the test report
It is recommended to use the size of No. 4 drawing (210mm×297mm) or No. 5 drawing (148mm×210mm). 9
Determination of water vapor partial pressure
JB/T5144-91
Numerical chart for determining effective power and effective torque correction coefficient (reference)
Table A1 gives the water vapor partial pressure dpw (kPa) at different ambient temperatures t (℃) and relative humidity Φ. t
Equal oil volume method gasoline engine effective power conversion coefficient chart A1
dpswkPa
Equal oil volume method gasoline engine effective power conversion coefficient chart is shown in Figure A1. (99,Pi-
is the indicated power of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and kth cylinders under the specified working conditions or the calibrated working conditions, kW.
Determination of oil consumption
The gasoline engine with a rated power of 1h power is measured at 90% of the rated power at the rated speed. During the test, add new oil to the upper limit of the gasoline oil dipstick. After starting, adjust the engine to 75% of the rated power at the rated speed as soon as possible. After the oil temperature stabilizes, reduce it to 50% of the rated power and 80% of the rated speed, and stop the engine after 3 minutes. Slowly turn the crankshaft, rotate the crankshaft forward one circle within 1 minute and continue to rotate forward to the top dead center of the first cylinder. Remove the drain plug and start draining the oil for 15 minutes. Weigh the total mass (m) of the drained oil, container and funnel. Pour the oil back into the gasoline engine, and keep the oil, container and funnel that have not been drained clean to prevent them from contamination.
After pouring the engine oil back into the gasoline engine, start it imm
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