Standard number: QX/T 369-2016
Standard name: Specifications for meteorological observation of nuclear power plant
English name: Specifications for meteorological observation of nuclear power plant ||
tt||Standard format: PDF
Release time: 2016-12-12
Implementation time: 2017-05-01
Standard size: 3.68M
Standard introduction: This standard specifies the technical methods such as meteorological observation elements, observation instrument layout, instrument performance and verification, site selection of meteorological observation stations in nuclear power plants, design and construction of meteorological observation stations, collection and recording methods of observation data, and review of observation data.
This standard applies to the meteorological observation settings, operations, data review and processing required by nuclear power plants. ||tt
||This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T1.1-2009.
This standard is proposed and managed by the Wind and Solar Energy Climate Resources Sub-Technical Committee of the National Technical Committee for Climate and Climate Change Standardization (SAC/TC540/SC2). ||
tt||The drafting units of this standard: China Meteorological Administration Public Meteorological Service Center, Guangdong Meteorological Bureau. The main drafters of this standard: Song Lili, Qin Peng, Zhi Shiqun, Wang Binglan, He Jian, Huang Haohui, Liu Aijun.
This standard specifies the technical methods for meteorological observation elements, observation instrument layout, instrument performance and verification, site selection of meteorological observation stations in nuclear power plants, design and construction of meteorological observation stations, collection and recording methods of observation data, and review of observation data. This standard applies to the meteorological observation settings, operations, data review and processing required by nuclear power plants.

ICS07.060
Meteorological Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
QX/T369—2016
Specifications for meteorological observation of nuclear power plants
plant2016-12-12 Release
China Meteorological Administration
2017-05-01 Implementation
Normative reference documents
Terms and definitions
Meteorological observation elements for nuclear power plants
4.1 Principles for setting meteorological observation elements
4.2 Observation elements for ground meteorological observation sites in nuclear power plants4.3 Height and observation elements of meteorological observation towers
5 Layout of observation instruments
Layout of observation instruments for ground meteorological observation sites
5.2 Layout of observation instruments for meteorological observation towers
Instrument performance and verification
6.1 Instrument performance
6.2 Instrument verification
Site selection for meteorological observation stations in nuclear power plants
7.1 Principles for site selection
7.2 On-site investigation for site selection
8 Design and construction of meteorological observation stations
8.1 Design and construction of ground meteorological observation sites
8.2 Design, construction and maintenance of meteorological observation towers 9 Recording and collection of observation data
Collection of observation data
Recording of observation data
9.3 Requirements for completeness of observation data
10 Format of observation data files and reports
11 Review of observation data
Review of data rationality
Review of data integrity
References
QX/T369—2016
This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T1.1-2009. QX/T369—2016
This standard is proposed and managed by the Wind and Solar Energy Climate Resources Sub-Technical Committee of the National Technical Committee for Climate and Climate Change Standardization (SAC/TC540/SC2).
The drafting units of this standard are: China Meteorological Administration Public Meteorological Service Center, Guangdong Meteorological Bureau. The main drafters of this standard are: Song Lili, Qin Peng, Zhi Shiqun, Wang Binglan, He Jian, Huang Haohui, Liu Aijun. 1 Scope
Nuclear power plant meteorological observation specification
QX/T369—2016
This standard specifies the meteorological observation elements of nuclear power plants, the layout of observation instruments, instrument performance and verification, the site selection of meteorological observation stations in nuclear power plants, the design and construction of meteorological observation stations, the collection and recording methods of observation data, the review of observation data and other technical methods. This standard applies to the meteorological observation settings, operations, data review and processing required by nuclear power plants. 2 Normative reference documents
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For any dated referenced document, only the dated version shall apply to this document. For any undated referenced document, the latest version (including all amendments) shall apply to this document. GB50057—2010 Code for Lightning Protection Design of Buildings GB50135-—2006
Code for Design of High-Speed ​​Calculation Structures
QX4—2015
Technical Specification for Lightning Protection of Meteorological Observatories (Stations)
QX/T45-2007
QX/T46-2007
QX/T47—2007
QX/T48-2007
QX/T49--2007
QX/T50—2007
QX/T51—200 7
QX/T52—2007
QX/T53-2007
QX/T542007
QX/T55-2007
QX/T56—2007
QX/T57--2007
QX/T58—2007| |tt||QX/T59--2007
QX/T60—2007
QX/T61—2007
QX/T62—2007
QX/T 63—2007
QX/T64—2007
QX/T65—2007
QX/T66—2007
3 Terms and definitions
Specifications for surface meteorological observations
Specifications for surface meteorological observations
Specifications for surface meteorological observations
Specifications for surface meteorological observations
Specifications for surface meteorological observations
Specifications for surface meteorological observations
Specifications for surface meteorological observations
Specifications for surface meteorological observations
Specifications for surface meteorological observations
Specifications for surface meteorological observations||t t||Specifications for surface meteorological observations
Specifications for surface meteorological observations
Specifications for surface meteorological observations
Specifications for surface meteorological observations
Specifications for surface meteorological observations
Specifications for surface meteorological observations
Specifications for surface meteorological observations
Specifications for surface meteorological observations
Specifications for surface meteorological observations
Specifications for surface meteorological observations
Specifications for surface meteorological observations
Specifications for surface meteorological observations
Specifications for surface meteorological observations
The following terms and definitions apply to this document. Part 1: General
Part 2: Cloud Observation
Part 3: Meteorological Visibility
Part 4: Observation of Weather Phenomena
Part 5: Air Pressure Observation
Part 6: Air Temperature and Humidity Observation
Part 7: Wind Direction and Speed ​​Observation
Part 8: Precipitation Observation
Part 9: Snow Depth and Snow Pressure Observation
Part 10: Evaporation Observation
Part 11: Radiation Observation
Part 12: Sunshine Observation
Part 13: Ground Temperature Observation
Part 14: Frozen Ground Observation
Part 15: Observation of Ice Accretion on Power Lines
Part 16: Ground status observation
Part 17: Automatic weather station observation
Part 18: Monthly surface meteorological record processing and report preparation Part 19: Monthly meteorological radiation record processing and report preparation Part 20: Annual surface meteorological data processing and report preparation Part 21: Processing of missing records and statistics of incomplete records Part 22: Quality control of observation records
QX/T369—2016
Meteorological station of nuclear power plant A special meteorological observation station dedicated to meteorological observation activities at nuclear power plants, including ground meteorological observation sites, meteorological observation towers, and observation instruments and auxiliary facilities.
Surface meteorological site of nuclear power plant
Surface meteorological site of nuclear power plant A meteorological observation site within a specified range of fenced isolation dedicated to meteorological observation activities at nuclear power plants. The observation site is generally specified to be 25m (east-west) × 25m (north-south). It can be appropriately reduced due to objective conditions of the site, but the minimum range is not less than 16m (east-west) X16m (north-south).
meteorological elements
Meteorological elements
Basic physical quantities and basic weather phenomena that characterize the state of the atmosphere. 3.4
Wet-bulb temperaturewet-bulbtemperature
The temperature at which pure liquid water evaporates adiabatically and isobarically in the air to saturate the air. Note: In degrees Celsius (℃).
Dew-point temperaturedew-pointtemperatureThe temperature at which air is reduced to saturation under the condition that the water vapor content and air pressure remain unchanged. Note: In degrees Celsius (℃).
windspeed
The distance that a particle of air moves per unit time. Note: The unit is meters per second (m/s).
instantaneous wind speed
Instantaneous wind speed
The instantaneous speed of a particle of air. In engineering applications, it usually refers to the average wind speed over 3 seconds. Note: The unit is meters per second (m/s).
extreme wind speedwwW.bzxz.Net
Extreme wind speed
The maximum value of the instantaneous wind speed. It usually refers to the maximum value of the average wind speed over 3 seconds. 3.9
Dominant wind direction
dominant wind direction
The wind direction that appears most frequently in a given period of time. 3.10
global radiation
The sum of direct radiation and scattered radiation received by the horizontal plane from the upper 2-dimensional solid angle range. Note: The unit is watts per square meter (W/m3). 3.11
Total radiation
total radiation
The general term for long-wave radiation and short-wave radiation.
Net radiation
QX/T369—2016
The difference in the amount of hemispherical total radiation received by the upper and lower surfaces of the horizontal plane. The difference between the total radiation emitted downward by the sun and the atmosphere and the total radiation emitted upward by the ground.
Note: The unit is watts per square meter (W/m3). 3.13
Air densityairdensity
The weight of air per unit volume.
Note: The unit is grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm2). 3.14
Effective data integrity rateeffectivedataintegrityrateThe percentage of the number of credible data in a certain period of time to the total number of data that should be measured in that period. Note: It can be calculated as follows:
Effective data integrity rate=Number of data to be measured minus the number of missing data minus the number of invalid data × 100%Number of data to be measured
Joint acquisition ratejointacquisitionrateThe percentage of the number of credible data obtained simultaneously by two or more elements in a certain period of time to the total number of data that should be measured in that period. 4 Meteorological observation elements of nuclear power plants
4.1 Principles for setting meteorological observation elements
4.1.1 Meteorological elements to be observed shall be set according to the construction and operation requirements of nuclear power plants. 4.1.2 According to the needs of nuclear power plants and the development of meteorological observation technology, it is advisable to select a combination of automatic observation and theoretical or empirical formula conversion to obtain relevant meteorological element data.
4.2 Observation elements of ground meteorological observation sites of nuclear power plants 4.2.1 Basic observation elements: Meteorological elements that are necessary for nuclear power plant observations and can be fully automatically observed, including: air temperature, air pressure, relative humidity, wind speed, wind direction, evaporation, sunshine, precipitation, ground temperature, total radiation and net radiation. 4.2.2 Meteorological observation elements for regional and special needs: such as the snow depth and frozen soil depth required for the design basis snow pressure and frozen soil calculation of northern nuclear power plants.
4.2.3 Indirect conversion factors: refers to the factors that are not yet mature in automatic observation technology or the cost of manual observation is high, but can be accurately converted through theoretical or empirical formulas specified in relevant specifications, such as wet bulb temperature, dew point temperature, water vapor pressure and other factors. The temperature and relative humidity observation data observed on site can be used to refer to the "Humidity Quick Lookup Table" and QX/T50-2007 for reliable conversion. 4.2.4 Weather phenomena: Previously, the observation items that were not measured manually and heard by the ears, such as cloud cover, fog, snow, sleet, rime, ice, ice buds, thunderstorms, lightning, tornadoes, running lines and other factors and weather phenomena, can be replaced by the observation data of the same period of the national meteorological station in the vicinity or with similar climate background.
4.3 Height of meteorological observation tower and observation factors
4.3.1 The structure of the meteorological observation tower should adopt the rod-type cable design. 4.3.2 The height of the meteorological observation tower should not be less than 100m. 4.3.3 The main observation elements of the meteorological observation tower during the construction phase are gradient wind conditions (including wind speed, wind direction), gradient temperature and humidity: in the operation phase, they are mainly gradient wind conditions (including wind speed, wind direction) and gradient temperature elements. 3
QX/T369—2016
5 Layout of observation instruments
5.1 Layout of observation instruments in ground meteorological observation field 5.1.1 The layout of observation instruments and auxiliary facilities in the ground meteorological observation field should not affect each other, so as to facilitate daily observation operations. 5.1.2 The height of instrument sensors from the ground should be placed according to the principle of "low in the south and high in the north"; various instruments should be arranged in rows from east to west and in columns from north to south, with an interval of not less than 4m from east to west, and an interval of not less than 3m from north to south, and a distance of not less than 3m from the edge fence of the observation field. 5.1.3 Instruments and equipment should be placed on the south side of the east-west observer path to facilitate observation or management personnel to approach the observation instruments from the north side. Radiation and sunshine observation instruments should be placed on the south side of the observation field, and ensure that the sensing surface is not affected by any obstacles. 5.1.4 For automatic weather stations powered by solar power supply systems, the solar panels should be fixed separately on iron poles 1.5m above the ground, which should not affect the layout and observation of the instruments.
5.2 Layout of observation instruments in meteorological observation towers
5.2.1 During the construction phase, wind direction, wind speed and temperature should be observed, and there should be no less than 4 height levels, of which the key observation levels that must be set up are 10m, 30m, 100m and near the effective release point height level: nuclear power plants with cooling towers should increase high-rise humidity observations. 5.2.2 During the operation phase, wind direction, wind speed and temperature observations should be set up at no less than 2 height levels, of which the key observation levels that must be set up are 10m and near the effective release point height level.
5.2.3 Wind speed and direction sensors should be arranged on the side perpendicular to the local dominant wind direction, and the arm length of the wind sensor should not be less than 2.5 times the diameter of the observation tower.
5.2.4 The arm length of the temperature and humidity sensor should not be less than 1.5 times the diameter of the observation tower, and a small shutter box or radiation shield should be installed. Instrument performance and verification
Instrument performance
The performance parameters that the instruments used for meteorological observation in nuclear power plants should meet are shown in Table 1. Table 1 Basic parameters of meteorological instrument performance
Meteorological elements
Precipitation
Total radiation
Measuring range
-40～+80
Accuracy
±(0.3+0.03×actual wind speed)
±2% (<2mm/min)
±4% (<2mm/min~5mm/min)
±10% (>5mm/min)
Resolution
<15s (response time)
Sensitivity
Starting wind speed is less than 0.5m/s
Meteorological elements
Net radiation
Relative humidity
Measurement Range
600~1060
Table 1 Basic performance parameters of meteorological instruments (continued) Accuracy
±2% (10℃~30℃)
±5% (-30℃~60℃)
Resolution
<20s (response time)
QX/T369—2016
Sensitivity
Note: Unless otherwise specified, the unit symbols of all observation items in this standard refer to the symbols specified in my country's legal measurement units and international symbols Instrument verification
6.2.1 Before installation, all observation instruments should be verified or calibrated by a meteorological instrument measurement and verification agency authorized by the state, and obtain equipment verification, test certificate or calibration certificate.
6.2.2 During the observation period of wind and humidity measurement, the instrument shall be verified or calibrated once every 12 months. Other observation instruments may be verified or calibrated once every 2 years. The performance parameters of the reinstalled observation instruments shall meet the indicators specified in Table 1. 6.2.3 If the following situations occur, verification or calibration shall be carried out immediately: extreme meteorological events that may affect the performance of the instrument; dismantled for repair;
damaged by human factors;
doubts about the indication of the instrument.
7 Site selection of meteorological observation station for nuclear power plant
7.1 Principles of site selection
7.1.1 The location selection of meteorological observation station shall be representative of the region, and can better reflect the characteristics of meteorological elements in a larger range of the nuclear power plant site, and can represent the meteorological characteristics of the regional wind field, temperature field and atmospheric dispersion conditions of the nuclear power plant site and its vicinity. 7.1.2 The observation environment of the meteorological observation station should be open and flat on all sides. Steep slopes, depressions, valleys, etc. should not be selected. It should not be close to jungles, railways, roads, industrial and mining areas, smokestacks, tall buildings, and densely populated areas. It should avoid areas with local fog, smoke, etc. 7.1.3 The shadows of obstacles around the ground meteorological observation site should not be projected onto the light-receiving surface of the sunshine and radiation observation instruments. The height angle of obstacles in the sunrise and sunset directions should be less than or equal to 5°, and there should be no strong reflective objects nearby. 7.1.4 The ground elevation of the meteorological observation site should be consistent with the elevation of the nuclear power plant site. 7.1.5 The meteorological observation tower should be close to the ground meteorological observation site, and the tower base altitude should not be lower than the ground meteorological observation site. The underlying surface of the wind tower should be kept relatively uniform within the range of QX/T369-2016
6 times the tower height. 7.1.6 The site selection of meteorological observation stations shall consider the feasibility of construction and construction, and shall consider the plant planning, try not to occupy the location of the permanent buildings of the nuclear power plant, and not affect the construction during the construction of the nuclear power plant; try to avoid locations where the construction is difficult and the lightning protection device is too high. 7.1.7 The site selection of meteorological observation stations shall consider the operability of observation operation management, and shall select a location that is convenient for daily operation management of meteorological observation, safety care of the observation station, and maintenance and repair personnel to reach. 7.2 Site selection on-site investigation
7.2.1 In order to ensure the regional representativeness of the site meteorological station, the reliability of observation data, and the operability of observation operation management, and take into account factors such as the layout of the general plan of the project and the impact of the project construction, the undertaking party and the entrusting party shall jointly participate in the on-site investigation, and the selected meteorological observation station site shall be jointly identified by the undertaking party and the entrusting party.
7.2.2 High-precision topographic maps, traffic maps, and dominant wind directions of nearby national meteorological stations in the nuclear power plant site area shall be collected in advance to provide background conditions for the site selection on-site investigation.
7.2.3 Collect on-site background information for the site survey, and carry a satellite positioning device, a handheld anemometer, a compass and other necessary safety protection tools.
7.2.4 The on-site survey should make relevant records of the surrounding environment of the pre-selected or alternative meteorological observation station, including: measuring and recording the area, longitude and latitude of the observation site and the altitude; taking photos and describing and recording the terrain, landforms and vegetation characteristics of the observation site in all directions; measuring or investigating and recording the shape, distance, size and other obstacles around the proposed observation site. 8 Design and construction of meteorological observation stations
8.1 Design and construction of ground meteorological observation sites
8.1.1 A fully ventilated fence should be set up around the observation site, and the height of the fence should be 1.2m. The fence should be simple and firm; the surface of the fence should be treated with a matte coating; the fence door should be set on the north side of the observation site. 8.1.2 The observation site should be planted and maintained with an even grass layer, the grass height should not exceed 20cm, and the grass layer should be continuous. If the original ground grass layer meets the requirements, the original underlying surface can be maintained.
8.1.3 Lay instrument cables according to the instrument layout in the observation site. It is advisable to build a cable trench (pipe) under the path. The cable trench (pipe) should be waterproof and rodent-proof for easy maintenance.
8.1.4 The lightning protection design and construction of the observation site should comply with the relevant requirements of QX42015. 8.2 Design, construction and maintenance of meteorological observation towers 8.2.1 The design and construction unit of the meteorological observation tower should have a qualification certificate issued by a national authority, and have professional designers, professional engineers and high-altitude installation workers: It should have professional production and processing equipment and professional testing equipment, and have its own production and installation capabilities.
8.2.2 The meteorological observation tower should be a gun-type steel structure tower. The tower structure strength design shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements of GB50135-2006: the overall wind resistance design standard adopts the 10-minute average maximum wind speed with a local recurrence period of 50 years; the icing design standard adopts the standard ice thickness with a local recurrence period of 30 years; the design service life of the meteorological observation tower should be combined with the design life of the nuclear power plant, generally not less than 60 years. 8.2.3 According to GB50057-2010, a special lightning protection system shall be installed, and the grounding resistance of the observation tower shall be less than 4Ω. 9 Recording and collection of observation data
9.1 Collection of observation data
9.1.1 For meteorological observation stations set up for the operation stage of nuclear power plants, the observation data shall be transmitted hourly (or at shorter intervals) in real time.
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