GB/T 14824-1993 General technical requirements for generator circuit breakers
Some standard content:
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Common technical requirements for generator circuit-breaker
Common technical requirements for generator circuit-breaker1 Subject content and scope of application
GB/T 14824-93
This standard specifies the general requirements for the use environment conditions, terminology, basic classification, rated parameters, design and structure, type test and factory test, as well as transportation, storage, installation and maintenance rules of indoor three-pole AC generator circuit breakers and their operating mechanisms and auxiliary equipment. This standard is applicable to indoor three-pole generator circuit breakers and their operating mechanisms and auxiliary equipment connected to the main circuit of the generator with a maximum voltage of 12 to 36 kV and a frequency of 50 Hz.
Certain specific requirements not specified in this standard shall be specified by the corresponding product standards: Special requirements beyond this standard shall be determined by negotiation between the user and the manufacturer.
Note: Certain requirements for generator circuit breakers used in phase-shifting and pumped hydropower stations shall be considered as special requirements. 2 Reference standards
GR2900.1 Basic terms and terms for electrical engineering GB2900.19 Electrical 1. Terms High voltage test technology and insulation coordination GB2900.20 Electrical terms and terms
High voltage switchgear
GB1984 AC high voltage circuit breaker
GB11022 General technical conditions for high voltage switchgear GB7674 Sulfur hexafluoride enclosed combination electrical appliances GB311.1 Insulation coordination of high voltage transmission and transformation equipment GB311.2~311.6 High voltage test technology
GB7354 Partial discharge test
Heat generation of AC high voltage electrical appliances during long-term operation GB 763
GB2706 Dynamic and thermal stability test methods for AC high voltage electrical appliances GB3309
Mechanical test of high voltage switchgear at room temperature GB 4473
Synthetic test of AC high-voltage circuit breaker
3 Normal use conditions
Ambient air temperature
Upper limit: +40℃
Lower limit: -General area: -10℃ (15℃); High and cold area: 25℃; Storage and transportation are allowed at not less than -35℃. Note: The values in brackets are for users and manufacturers to negotiate and select. b Altitude
1000;2000:3000m.
Approved by the State Administration of Technical Supervision on December 30, 1993 and implemented on October 1, 1994
GB/T 14824-93
Relative humidity: daily average value is not more than 95%, monthly average value is not more than 90%: water vapor pressure: daily average value is not more than 2.2×10-\MPa: monthly average value is not more than 11.8×10-\MPa; condensation may occur when the temperature drops sharply during the high humidity period. Earthquake intensity 8 degrees.
The surrounding air should not be obviously polluted by corrosive or flammable gases, water vapor, etc. f. No frequent severe vibration.
4 Terms
In addition to the terms specified in GB2900.19 and GB2900.20, the following terms are added to the terms used in this standard. 4.1 Generator circuit breaker
A circuit breaker directly connected to the main circuit of the generator. 4.2 System source expected transient recovery voltage
When the generator circuit breaker interrupts the short-circuit current supplied by the power system through the transformer, under ideal conditions, the recovery voltage with significant transient characteristics appears on the contacts of the circuit breaker. 4.3 Generator source expected transient recovery voltage
When the generator circuit breaker interrupts the short-circuit current supplied only by the generator (without passing through the transformer), under ideal conditions, the recovery voltage with significant transient characteristics appears on the contacts of the circuit breaker. 4.4 Current delayed zero crossing
When the DC component of the short-circuit current is large and the AC component decays faster than the primary component, the short-circuit current may appear at the current zero point after several cycles or even longer. 5 Basic classification
The basic classification of generator circuit breakers is shown in Table 1. Table 1 Basic classification of generator circuit breakers
By medium
By operating mechanism type
By body layout
By cooling method
By operation method
By operation frequency
Rated number
Highest voltage;
Rated current:
Rated frequency;
Low oil, compressed air, sulfur hexafluoride, vacuum electromagnetic, pneumatic, hydraulic, spring
Vertical, horizontal
Natural air cooling, forced air cooling, forced water cooling, forced water cooling and forced air cooling three-pole mechanical linkage, three-pole electrical linkage
General, frequency climbing|| tt||Rated insulation level:
Rated short-circuit breaking current,
Rated short-circuit closing current;
Rated out-of-step breaking current;
GB/T14824-93
Rated load breaking current and opening and closing times; Rated peak withstand current;
Rated short-time withstand current;
Rated short-circuit duration;
Rated operating voltage of closing and opening operating mechanisms and rated voltage and frequency of auxiliary circuits; Rated pressure of operating and arc-extinguishing medium: Specified value of expected transient recovery voltage:
Rated operating sequence,
Rated time parameter.
6.1 Maximum voltage
The maximum voltage is shown in Table 2.
Table 2 Maximum voltage
Maximum voltage
Note: The values in brackets should not be used for newly designed products. 1) Provisional value.
6.2 Rated current
The rated current is selected from the following values.
24(23)
1. 6,2.0,2.5,3.15,4.0.5,0,6.3,8.0,10.0(11.0),12. 5(14.0),16.0(18.0),20.0(22.0),25.0,31.5,40.0,50.0kA.
Characteristic: The values in brackets should not be used for new designed products. 6.3 Rated frequency
The rated frequency is 50Hz.
4 Rated insulation level
The rated insulation level is shown in Table 3.
Table 3 Rated insulation level
Lightning impulse withstand voltage
(peak value)
Inin power frequency withstand voltage
(effective value)
To ground and between phases
Between breaks
To ground and between phases
Between breaks
Note: The values in brackets are for negotiation between users and manufacturers1. 6.5 Rated short-circuit breaking current
38(42)
45(60)
46(53)
56(63)
24(23)
55(65)
70(80)
The rated short-circuit breaking current is the maximum short-circuit current that the generator circuit breaker can break under the corresponding power frequency recovery voltage and transient recovery voltage specified in this standard. It is expressed by two characteristic values: the effective value of the AC component, referred to as "rated short-circuit current"; and the percentage of the DC component.
GB/T14824----93
Note: If the percentage of the DC component does not exceed 20%, the rated short-circuit breaking current is expressed only in terms of the effective value of the DC component. 6.5.1 Effective value of AC component of rated short-circuit breaking current The effective value of AC component of rated short-circuit breaking current is selected from the following values: 8.0, 10.0 (11.0), 12.5, 16.0, 20.0, 31.5, 40.0, 50.0, 63.0, 80.0, 100.0, 125.0 (135.0), 160.0 (180.0), 200.0 (225.0), 250.0 (240.0), 315.0 (300.0) kA. Note: The values in brackets should not be used for new designed products. 6.5.2 Percentage of DC component of rated short-circuit breaking current The percentage of DC component is taken from Figure 1. The value of "\" in Figure 1 is the opening time of the generator circuit breaker plus 0.01s. 6.6 Rated short-circuit making current
The peak value of the rated short-circuit making current is 2.74 times the effective value of the AC component of the rated short-circuit breaking current. 6.7 Rated out-of-step breaking current
The effective value of the AC component of the rated out-of-step symmetrical breaking current is 50% of the effective value of the AC component of the rated short-circuit breaking current, and the DC component should not be greater than 20%; the AC component effective value of the rated out-of-step asymmetrical breaking current is the same as the rated out-of-step symmetrical breaking current, and the percentage of the DC component should be the specified value in Table 10 Test Method 6. 6.8 Rated load opening and closing current and opening and closing times Rated load opening and closing current is rated current: continuous opening and closing times are specified as 50 times. Note: The recommended opening and closing times of pre-operated generator circuit breakers are 100 times. 6.9 Rated peak withstand current
The rated peak withstand current is equal to the rated short-circuit closing current. 100
要县要好雅耳
60708090100110120mS
Time interval calculated from the rough current start Pa Figure 1 Relationship between the percentage of the DC component and the time interval Note: The curve in Figure 1 is made based on a time constant of 150ms. 6. 10 Rated short-time withstand current
The rated short-time withstand current is equal to the effective value of the AC component of the rated short-circuit breaking current. 6.11 Rated short-circuit duration
The rated short-circuit duration is 1s.
Note: When the short circuit duration is required to exceed 1s, 3s is recommended. 6.12 The rated operating voltage of the closing and opening operating mechanisms and the rated voltage of the auxiliary circuits shall comply with Article 5.8 of GB 1984.
6.13 The rated power supply frequency of the AC closing and opening operating mechanisms and the auxiliary circuits shall be 50Hz.
GB/T 14824---93
6.14 The rated pressure (gauge pressure) of the operating and arc extinguishing medium shall comply with Article 5.10 of GB1984.
6.15 Expected transient recovery voltage
6.15.1 Representation of the waveform of the expected transient recovery voltage The waveform of the expected transient recovery voltage is specified as a damped single-frequency oscillation wave, which is represented by the two-parameter method. 6.15.2 Specified value of expected transient recovery voltage when the end is short-circuited The expected transient recovery voltage when the generator breaker breaks the end short circuit is the expected transient recovery voltage of the system source, and its specified values are listed in Table 4. When it is necessary to verify the breaking capacity of the circuit breaker with short-circuit current supplied by the generator, such as the circuit breaker in the main circuit of the direct-connected generator and the short-circuit breaking test with a delayed current zero point, the expected transient recovery voltage of the generator source should be used, and its specified values are listed in Table 5. Table 4
Specified values of expected transient recovery voltage of system sources Circuit breaker
Transformer
Rated capacity
100 and below
101--200
201-400
401~~600
601~1 000
1 001 and above
100 and below
101-~200
201~400
401~500
601~1 000
1 001 Above
100 and below
101~200
201~~400
401~600
601~~1000
1001 and above
100 and below
101~-200
201~-400
401~-600
601---1 000
1001 and above
circuit breaker rated
short-circuit breaking current1
100~125
160~-250
250~-315
40-~63
100~1603
160(180)~
80~100
125315
20～31.5
50~-80
100~315
section opening
.up rate
spare parameters
radiation coefficient equivalent frequency
Note: μo=Kc×Kt× V2/3Uo=0. 75 27
The values in brackets should not be used for new design products. GB/T 14824—93
1) The rated short-circuit breaking current of the circuit breaker is calculated based on the maximum voltage of the circuit breaker and the rated capacity of the transformer. This conversion assumes that the impedance voltage of the transformer is 15%, the ratio of the rated short-circuit capacity of the system to the rated capacity of the transformer is not less than 20 times, and is based on the single-machine-single-transformer wiring method. Table 5 Expected transient recovery voltage backup parameters of generator source
Circuit breaker
Highest voltage
Generator
Rated capacity
100 and below
101400
401~800
801 and above
100 and below
101~400
401~800
801 and above
100 and Below
101~400
401~800
801 and above
100 and below
101~400
401800
801 and above
The short-circuit current supplied by the generator source
supplied by the station breaker\
80~125
160~200
6.3~12. 5
63--100
125~200
10～31.5
80~200
31.5~～50
63~200
Note, u=K,×KX V2/3U;f,=0. 75 24
The value in the brackets of the time delay column is the lower limit allowed during the test. First open pole
Rise rate
Amplitude coefficient equivalent frequency
1) The short-circuit current supplied by the generator source that the circuit breaker should interrupt is converted according to the maximum voltage of the breaker and the rated capacity of the generator. This conversion is determined under the condition of considering the priority value, assuming that the secondary reactance of the generator is 25%, and based on the single machine-single transformer connection mode. 6.15.3 Expected transient recovery voltage specification values for out-of-step interruption The expected transient recovery voltage specification values for out-of-step interruption are listed in Table 6. Circuit breaker
Highest voltage
Generator
Rated capacity
100 and below
101~400
401~800
801 and above
100 and below
101~~400
401-~800
801 and above
100 and below
101~400
401~800
801 and above
100 and below
101~400
401~800
801 and above
GB/T 14824—93
Table 6 Expected transient recovery voltage specification for out-of-step breaking First-open
Power frequency recovery
Rated current of circuit breaker
(14)~25
10～16
(14)50
Note u,= /2 × /2 X1.5XK,X
Recovery voltage
(effective value)
① u specification is based on 90 electrical degrees out-of-step angle. ② The value in brackets in the time delay column is the upper limit allowed during the test. Peak
Rise rate
kV/μs
Backup parameters
Amplitude coefficient equivalent cheek rate
fo,kHz
1) The rated current of the circuit breaker is converted according to the maximum voltage of the circuit breaker and the rated capacity of the generator. This conversion assumes that the rated current of the circuit breaker and the generator are equal and is based on the single machine-single transformer wiring method. 6.15.4 Expected transient recovery voltage specifications when load current is interrupted The expected transient recovery voltage specifications when load current is interrupted are listed in Table 7. Circuit breaker
Highest voltage
Generator
Rated capacity
100 and below
101~-400
401~800
801 and above
100 and below
101--400
401~800
801 and above
100 and below
101400
401800
B01 and above
100 and below
101~~400
401~800
801 and above
GB/T 14824-93
Prescribed values of expected transient recovery voltage when load current is interrupted
First-opening
Rated current of circuit breaker1)
40～50
1. 6~3. 15
(14)~25
20--50
(14)~50
Note: u0.5×/2×1.5XK. ×-
Working recovery
Recovery voltage
Esfu—0. 75
The value in brackets in the time delay column is the upper limit allowed during the test. 1) Same as Note 1) of Table 6
6.16 Rated operation sequence
The rated operation sequence is: close-open-15min-close-open. 6.17 Rated time parameters
Rated time parameters include:
opening time;
closing-opening time,
closing time.
Rated time parameters are determined based on the following conditions: Peak
Rated voltage at rated frequency applied to closing and opening operating mechanisms and their auxiliary circuits: at
b. Rated air pressure provided to arc extinguishing chambers and pneumatic mechanisms; c. Rated hydraulic pressure provided to hydraulic operating mechanisms. 7
Design and structure.
In addition to the relevant provisions of GB1984, the following supplements are made. Time
Rise rate
Spare parameters
Amplitude coefficient equivalent frequency
Jo, kHz
7.1 Structural form
GB/T 14824-93
According to the main body layout form, it can be divided into vertical type and horizontal type. Regardless of the form adopted, the magnetic field interference to the external environment should be reduced as much as possible from the structure.
7.2 Arc extinguishing medium
The arc extinguishing medium includes oil, compressed air, sulfur hexafluoride and vacuum. The specific requirements for the arc extinguishing medium shall be in accordance with Article 6.16.2 of GB11022 and the requirements specified in relevant standards.
7.3 Connection structure between circuit breaker and busbar
Open type;
Enclosed type.
7.4 Cooling method
When water cooling is adopted, the manufacturer shall specify the maximum allowable temperature of the inlet water. When forced cooling is adopted, the manufacturer shall provide the temperature-time curve shown in Figure 2 in the installation and operation manual for the circuit breaker to continue to operate at rated load and at reduced load after the cooling system stops operating due to a fault. 7.5 Thermal capacity of parallel resistors
The thermal capacity of the parallel resistors of the generator circuit breaker shall be based on the power frequency recovery voltage value during large-step breaking, and shall meet the requirements of the operating sequence and current-carrying time specified in the technical conditions. The resistance value of the parallel resistor shall be measured in the cold state before and after the thermal capacity test, and the allowable deviation of the resistance value shall be 5% to 10% of the specified value.
7.6 Synchronicity requirements for each pole
When the synchronous operation of each pole is not specially specified, the maximum difference in the contact moment of each contact when the gate is closed shall not exceed 10tIIS; the maximum difference in the separation moment of each contact when the gate is opened shall not exceed 5ms. 7.7 Sub-coil of the operating mechanism
The operating mechanism shall have two opening circuit diagrams. 7.8 Surge protection capacitor
If the surge protection capacitor is part of the overall structure of the generator circuit breaker, it must be brought in during the insulation test and breaking capacity test. During the lightning impulse withstand voltage test, due to the presence of impulse protection capacitors, the test equipment may not be able to produce a wavefront time as short as 1.2us. In this case, the peak voltage specified in Table 3 should be guaranteed while using the fastest possible rise time. When conducting the breaking capacity test, the impact of the impulse protection capacitor on the recovery voltage and the test circuit should be considered. 7.9 Nameplate
In addition to the provisions of Article 6.13 of GB11022, the following supplementary provisions are made: In the normal working position, the nameplate should be clearly visible. The generator breaker filled with sulfur hexafluoride gas should have a curve label showing the change of sulfur hexafluoride gas pressure with temperature. The nameplate should be marked according to the contents of Table 8.
Table 8 Nameplate content
Manufacturer name
Product model and name
Maximum voltage
Rated current
Rated impulse transient voltage
Circuit breaker
Operating mechanism
Rated short-circuit breaking current AC splitter effective value DC splitter percentage
Rated operating pressure
Rated air pressure in polarization chamber
Closing and opening operating mechanism Rated power supply voltage (AC or DC)
Weight (when greater than 300kg)
Rated operating sequence
Manufacture year and month
Factory number
Note: X
8 Type test
GB/T 14824—93
Continued Table 8
Marking these values is mandatory: blank space means no marking is required; marking is only required when required.
Circuit Breaker
Operating Mechanism
Type test refers to the test conducted to determine whether a certain product complies with this standard and whether it can be produced in type. The product undergoing type test should be consistent with the technical conditions and drawings of the test product. Type test should be carried out in the following cases. a.
New products:
Products for trial production in the factory:
When the model or specification of the operating mechanism of the generator circuit breaker is changed, corresponding tests shall be carried out; c.
When the product is significantly changed in design, process or materials used, corresponding tests shall be carried out. d.
For mass-produced products, temperature rise, mechanical life and 100% rated short-circuit current breaking and closing tests shall be carried out every 8 to 10 years, and other items may also be carried out when necessary.
Type test items:
Insulation test (including pressure test, partial discharge test and withstand voltage test of operating mechanism and auxiliary circuit) temperature rise test;
Main circuit resistance measurement;
Mechanical test;
Short-time withstand current test;
Short-circuit breaking and closing capacity test;
Out-of-step breaking and closing test
Opening and closing load current test:
Sealing test:
Noise level test.
8. 1 Insulation test
8. 1.1 Withstand voltage test
The withstand voltage value is shown in Table 3.
In addition to the corresponding provisions of GB11022, the following supplements are made for the pressurized parts and withstand voltage methods. GB/T 14824-93
When conducting the withstand voltage test, the internal gas pressure of the generator circuit breaker is the lower limit of the allowable value. When the internal gas is at zero gauge pressure, the insulation of the circuit breaker to ground shall be able to withstand 1.3 times the maximum phase voltage for 5 minutes. 8.1.2 Partial discharge test
When the generator circuit breaker has components that should be subjected to partial discharge test, these components shall be subjected to this test. The test method shall be carried out in accordance with GB7354, and the qualification criteria shall be specified by the product technical conditions. 8.1.3 The operating mechanism and auxiliary circuit withstand voltage test shall be carried out in accordance with Article 7.1.10 of GR 11022. 8.2 Temperature rise test
In addition to being carried out in accordance with the relevant provisions of GB763, the following supplementary instructions are given. And. When the ambient air temperature is 40C, the maximum allowable temperature rise of the casing and frame shall comply with 3.5 of GB7674.2. The specified values in Table 2 of Article 2;
When the temperature rise test of the breaker connected to the closed bus is carried out, it should be connected with the closed bus or H equivalent components. The influence of the operating temperature of the closed bus in the hot state on the temperature rise of the generator circuit breaker should be considered; when the forced cooling method is adopted, various fault conditions of the cooling system should be tested. The cooling system fault conditions are divided into: 1. Circuit breaker cooling medium flow failure;
Closed bus cooling medium flow failure:
Circuit breaker and closed bus cooling medium flow failure at the same time. The manufacturer should provide the temperature-time curve shown in Figure 2 through the test, after the cooling system stops operating due to a fault, the circuit breaker can continue to operate at rated load and at reduced load. Figure 2 shows the temperature-time curve of the cooling system that can continue to operate under rated load and reduced load after it stops operating due to a fault: {,----The rated current I required for normal cooling conditions. --- Allowable load current when the cooling medium of the circuit breaker fails to flow; --- Allowable load current when the cooling medium of the closed bus fails to flow; --- Allowable load current when both the circuit breaker and the closed bus fail to flow, Hm
ti.t2, ts
Maximum allowable temperature:
Time for a constant current to pass without exceeding the maximum allowable temperature under the corresponding fault conditions; RI.R>.R:
Rate of load current drop under the corresponding fault conditions, expressed in kA/min. 8.3 Main line resistance measurement
Carry out as specified in Article 7.4 of GB1984,
8.4. Short-time withstand current and peak withstand current test GB/T 14824-93
Test current value shall be in accordance with Articles 6.9 and 6.10. Short circuit duration shall be in accordance with Article 6.11. The test method shall be carried out in accordance with the relevant provisions of GB2706:
8.5 Mechanical test
In addition to the relevant provisions of GB1984 and GB3309, the mechanical life test operation sequence, operation times and operation cycles shall be tested in accordance with the provisions of Table 9. Table 9 Mechanical life test operation sequence, operation times and operation cycle number Operation sequence
Close--.-Open-
Close-Opent.
Operation voltage
and operation pressure
Maximum value
Rated value
Minimum valuewwW.bzxz.Net
Rated value
Number of operations per cycle
Number of operation cycles
Less oil, narrow gas type
Note: ①In the table, it is the interval time between two operations, which is specified in the product technical conditions. During the closing and opening operation, the closing operation shall be opened immediately after completion, and there shall be no intentional delay. Operation times
Sulfur hexafluoride type
750,1 250
750,1250
750,1250
750,1250
3 000,5 000
Vacuum type
③The energy storage motor of the spring mechanism can store energy according to the rated voltage. In each cycle, it is allowed to add lubricant, but no adjustment or repair is allowed. Between two cycles, it is allowed to add lubricant, replace the predetermined parts, and make necessary adjustments, such as tightening bolts, etc. The test times and test procedures of the circuit breakers for the operation of the title, such as the generator circuit breakers used in the bee regulating and pumped storage power stations, shall be determined by the user and the manufacturer through consultation.
8.6 Opening and Closing Tests
8.6.1 Test Methods
Three-pole circuit breakers shall be subjected to a series of opening and closing tests according to the basic test methods specified in Table 10. All opening and closing tests of three-pole circuit breakers require direct three-phase tests of three-pole circuit breakers. If limited by the test equipment, the following methods can be used according to the type of circuit breaker: a. Single-phase test; b. Unit test; e. Multi-part test; d. Synthetic test. Table 10 Basic test methods for generator circuit breakers (parameters listed in this table correspond to the conditions for first opening the pole in three-phase test or single-phase test) Applied voltage and first
Operation sequence
Close-open-15min-close-open
Close-open-15min-close-open
Open-15min-open
First open pole
Recovery voltage "
Breaking current
AC component
DC component
Percentage, %
First largest
Half-wave peak
Value Closing
Expected transient recovery
Peak value
0. 87×1.5 V2 U
Operating voltage
(liquid, gas)Synthetic test.
Table 10 Basic test mode of generator circuit breaker (the parameters listed in this table correspond to the conditions for first opening the pole in three-phase test or single-phase test) Applied voltage and first
Operation sequence
Close-open-15min-close-open
Close-open-15min-close-open
Open-15min-open
First open pole Working color
Recovery voltage "
Breaking current
AC component
DC component
Percentage, %
First largest
Half-wave peak
Value Closing
Expected transient recovery
Peak value
0. 87×1.5 V2 U
Operating voltage
(liquid, gas)Synthetic test.
Table 10 Basic test mode of generator circuit breaker (the parameters listed in this table correspond to the conditions for first opening the pole in three-phase test or single-phase test) Applied voltage and first
Operation sequence
Close-open-15min-close-open
Close-open-15min-close-open
Open-15min-open
First open pole Working color
Recovery voltage "
Breaking current
AC component
DC component
Percentage, %
First largest
Half-wave peak
Value Closing
Expected transient recovery
Peak value
0. 87×1.5 V2 U
Operating voltage
(liquid, gas)
Tip: This standard content only shows part of the intercepted content of the complete standard. If you need the complete standard, please go to the top to download the complete standard document for free.