GBJ 102-1987 Industrial circulating water cooling design specification GBJ102-87
Some standard content:
Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Design Code for Industrial Circulating Water Cooling
GBJ102—87
1988Beijing
Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
W Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Design Code for Industrial Circulating Water Cooling
GBJ102—87
Editor Department: Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power of the People's Republic of China Approval Department: State Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China Date of implementation: October 1, 1987
Engineering Construction Standards Full Text Information System
Engineering Construction Standards Full Text Information System
Notice on the Release of "Design Specifications for Industrial Circulating Water Cooling" Jibiao [1987] No. 384
According to the requirements of the former State Construction Commission (81) Jianfa Shezi No. 546, the "Design Specifications for Industrial Circulating Water Cooling" jointly formulated by the Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power and relevant departments has been reviewed by relevant departments and is now approved as the "Design Specifications for Industrial Circulating Water Cooling" GBJ102-87 as a national standard to be implemented on October 1, 1987. The Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power is responsible for the management of this standard, and its specific interpretation and other work is the responsibility of the Northeast Electric Power Design Institute of the Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power. The publication and distribution is organized by the Basic Construction Standards and Quotas Research Institute of our Commission.
State Planning Commission
March 5, 1987
Engineering Construction Standards Full Text Information System
Engineering Construction Standards Full Text Information System
Preparation Instructions
This specification is compiled by the Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power in accordance with the requirements of the Notice No. 546 of the former State Construction Commission (81) Jianfashezi, and is specifically compiled by the Northeast Electric Power Design Institute of the Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power in conjunction with relevant units.
During the compilation process, the specification compilation team followed the relevant national policies and conducted a relatively extensive investigation and research, carefully summarized the practical experience of the construction and use of industrial circulating water cooling facilities in my country, absorbed the latest scientific and technological achievements in industrial circulating water cooling in recent years at home and abroad, and referred to similar foreign standards and specifications. After widely soliciting opinions from relevant units across the country, the revision was discussed repeatedly, and finally the Ministry and relevant departments reviewed and finalized it.
This specification is divided into four chapters with 120 articles and one appendix. The main contents are: general provisions, cooling towers, fountains, water surface cooling, etc.
Since this specification is newly compiled, we hope that all units will combine engineering practice and scientific research, carefully summarize experience, and pay attention to accumulating data during the implementation process. If you find that there are areas that need to be modified or supplemented, please send your opinions and relevant information to the Northeast Electric Power Design Institute of the Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power (Changchun, Jilin) for reference in future modifications. Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power
December 31, 1986
Engineering Construction Standards Full Text Information System
W. Engineering Construction Standards Full Text Information System
Chapter 1 General
Chapter 2 Cooling
Section 1
Section 2
Section 3
General Provisions
Mechanical Ventilation Cooling Tower
Cylinder Cooling Tower
Section 4
Open Cooling Tower·
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Water Surface Cooling
Section 1
General Provisions
Section 2 Cooling
Section 3
River Cooling
Terms of Use in This Code
Additional Notes List of the Editor-in-Chief, Participating Units and Main Drafters of This Code
Engineering Construction Standards Full-text Information System
·(18)
Engineering Construction Standards Full-text Information System
Chapter 1 General Provisions
Article 1.0.1 This code applies to the design of new and expanded decentralized industrial circulating water cooling facilities.
Article 1.0.2 The design of industrial circulating water cooling facilities shall comply with the requirements of safe production, economic rationality, environmental protection, energy conservation, water conservation and land conservation, as well as convenience for construction, operation and maintenance. Article 1.0.3 The design of industrial circulating water cooling facilities shall actively develop and conscientiously adopt advanced technologies based on continuous summarization of production practice experience and scientific experiments. Article 1.0.4 The type of industrial circulating water cooling facilities shall be selected based on the production process's requirements for the amount, temperature, quality and operation mode of the circulating water and the water supply system, and shall be determined through technical and economic comparisons in combination with the following factors: 1. Local natural conditions such as hydrology, meteorology, topography and geology; 2. The supply of materials, equipment, electricity and make-up water; 3. Site layout and construction conditions; 4. The mutual influence between the industrial circulating water cooling facilities and the surrounding environment. Article 1.0.5 Industrial circulating water cooling facilities shall be located near the main water-using workshops; and the construction of excessively long water supply and drainage pipes, ditches and complex hydraulic structures shall be avoided. Article 1.0.6 In addition to complying with this specification, the design of industrial circulating water cooling facilities shall also comply with the provisions of the current relevant national standards and specifications. Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
W Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
Chapter 2 Cooling Tower
Section 1 General Provisions
Article 2.1.1 The location of the cooling tower in the general layout of the plant shall comply with the following provisions:
1. The cooling tower should be arranged on the leeward side of the dominant wind direction in winter for the main buildings and open-air distribution devices in the plant;
2. The cooling tower should be arranged on the upwind side of the dominant wind direction throughout the year for dust pollution sources such as coal storage yards;
3. The cooling tower should be away from the open-air heat sources in the plant; 4. The distance between cooling towers or between cooling towers and other buildings shall not only meet the ventilation requirements of cooling towers, but also meet the fire and explosion prevention requirements of pipes, trenches, roads, and buildings, as well as the construction and maintenance site requirements of cooling towers and other buildings; 5. The location of the cooling tower should not hinder the expansion of industrial enterprises. Article 2.1.2 When the environment has restrictions on the noise of cooling towers, the following measures should be taken:
1. Mechanical ventilation cooling towers should use low-noise fan equipment; 2. Silencing facilities should be installed around cooling towers; 3. The location of cooling towers should be far away from noise-sensitive areas. Article 2.1.3 The selection of centralized or decentralized layout of cooling towers should be determined after technical and economic comparison based on the number of workshops using circulating water, distribution locations and water requirements of each workshop.
Article 2.1.4 Cooling towers can generally be used without equipment. Measures that do not affect production should be taken during the maintenance of cooling towers.
Article 2.1.5 The thermal calculation of cooling towers should adopt the exact difference method or empirical method. Article 2.1.6 The heat exchange characteristics of cooling towers should adopt the measured data of prototype towers. When there is a lack of measured data for the prototype tower, the test data for the simulation tower can be used, and the test data for the simulation tower should be corrected based on the difference between the test conditions of the simulation tower and the operating conditions of the designed cooling tower. Article 2.1.7 The ventilation resistance coefficient of the cooling tower should adopt the measured data of the prototype tower. When there is a lack of measured data, it can be calculated by empirical methods. Article 2.1.8 The maximum cooling water temperature of the cooling tower should not exceed the maximum value allowed by the production process; the meteorological conditions for calculating the maximum cooling water temperature of the cooling tower should meet the following provisions: First, according to the requirements of the production process, it is advisable to use the daily average meteorological conditions with a frequency of 5% to 10% calculated by the wet bulb temperature frequency statistical method; Second, the meteorological data should use the daily average value of the three hottest months of each year for a period of not less than five consecutive years.
Article 2.1.9 When calculating the monthly average cooling water temperature of the cooling tower, the monthly average meteorological conditions of the corresponding months for no less than five consecutive years should be used. Article 2.1.10 Meteorological data should be selected from the meteorological station that can represent the meteorological characteristics of the cooling tower location. If necessary, a meteorological observation station should be set up at the location of the cooling tower. Article 2.1.11 The water loss of the cooling tower should be determined based on the water loss of evaporation, wind blowing and sewage discharge.
Article 2.1.12 The percentage of the evaporation loss of the cooling tower to the circulating water entering the cooling tower can be calculated as follows:
P. =K·At
Where: P. —Evaporation loss rate (%); At——The temperature difference between the inlet and outlet water of the cooling tower (℃); (2.1.12)
K——Coefficient (1/℃), which can be adopted according to Table 2.1.12; When the ambient temperature is an intermediate value, the interpolation method can be used for calculation.
Coefficient K
Ambient temperature (C)
K(1/℃)
Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
Table 2.2.12
Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
Article 2.1.13 The percentage of wind loss water in the cooling tower to the circulating water entering the cooling tower can be calculated according to Table 2.1.13. Wind loss rate (%)
With dehumidifier
Without dehumidifier
Mechanical ventilation cooling tower
Article 2.1.14
Calculated and determined.
Article 2.1.15
Factors shall be determined by comprehensive consideration:
1. Tower type;
Wind-type cooling tower
Table 2.1.13
Open cooling towerwwW.bzxz.Net
The amount of water loss from sewage discharge shall be calculated according to the requirements for the quality of circulating water. The type and material of the water-sprinkling filler shall be selected according to the following factors: 2. The water temperature and water quality of circulating water;
3. The thermal characteristics and resistance performance of the filler; 4. The physical and mechanical properties, chemical properties and stability of the filler (resistance to temperature changes, anti-aging and anti-corrosion, etc.);
5. The price and supply of the filler;
6. Convenient construction and maintenance;
7. The support method and structure of the filler.
Article 2.1.16 Mechanical ventilation cooling towers and wind tube cooling towers shall generally be equipped with dewatering devices. Depending on the specific conditions of the project, after demonstration, the fan-type cooling tower may not be equipped with a dehumidifier.
Dehumidifiers should be selected with high dehumidification efficiency, small ventilation resistance, economical and durable types.
Article 2.1.17 The water distribution system of the cooling tower should meet the requirements of uniform water distribution, small ventilation resistance, low energy consumption and easy maintenance: and should be selected according to the following provisions based on the tower type, circulating water quality and other conditions:
Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
W Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
1. Counterflow cooling towers should adopt tubular, trough or a combination of tubular and trough types. When the circulating water contains more suspended matter and mud and sand, trough type should be used; 2. Crossflow cooling towers should adopt pool type; 3. Small mechanical ventilation counterflow cooling towers should adopt tubular or rotary water distributors. Article 2.1.18 The design flow rate of the starting section of the water distribution main pipe of the tubular water distribution system should be 1.0~1.5m/s.
Article 2.1.19 The trough type water distribution system shall meet the following requirements: 1. The design flow velocity of the starting section of the main water trough should be 0.8~1.2m/s; 2. The design flow velocity of the starting section of the distribution trough should be 0.5~0.8m/s; 3. The design water depth of the distribution trough should be greater than 6 times the inner diameter of the splash nozzle and should not be less than 0.15m; 4. The super height of the distribution trough should not be less than 0.1m; 5. The net width of the distribution trough section should not be less than 0.1m; 6. The net width of the distribution trough section should not be less than 0.1m; 7. The net width of the distribution trough section should not be less than 0.1m; 8. The net width of the distribution trough section should not be less than 0.1m; 9. The net width of the distribution trough section should not be less than 0.1m; 10. The net width of the distribution trough section should not be less than 0.1m; 11. The net width of the distribution trough section should not be less than 0.1m; 12. The net width of the distribution trough section should not be less than 0.1m; 13. The net width of the distribution trough section should not be less than 0.1m; 14. The net width of the distribution trough section should not be less than 0.1m; 15. The net width of the distribution trough section should not be less than 0.1m; 16. The net width of the distribution trough section should not be less than 0.1m; 17. The net width of the distribution trough section should not be less than 0.1m; 18. The net width of the distribution trough section should not be less than 0.1m; 19. The net width of the distribution .12m; 5. The main and distribution troughs should be set horizontally, the connection of the trough should be smooth, and the water flow turning angle should not be greater than 90°
Article 2.1.20 The distribution tank should meet the following requirements: 1. The water flow in the pool is stable, and the water depth should be greater than 6 times the inner diameter of the splash nozzle or the diameter of the bottom hole of the water distribution;
2. The super height of the pool wall should not be less than 0.1m; it should not overflow under the condition that the designed water volume may exceed the working condition;
3. The bottom of the pool should be set horizontally; the top of the pool should be covered or measures should be taken to prevent the growth of microorganisms and moss under light.
Article 2.1.21 The splash nozzle should be of a reasonable structure, large flow coefficient, uniform splashing and not easy to clog.
Article 2.1.22 The water distribution shaft or vertical pipe should have emptying measures. The water flow in the water distribution shaft of the trough water distribution system should be stable and no vortex flow should be generated. Article 2.1.23 The ratio of the air inlet area to the watering area of the counterflow cooling tower should adopt the following values:
Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
1. Mechanical ventilation cooling tower shall not be less than 0.5; 2. Fan-type cooling tower shall not be less than 0.4.
Article 2.1.24 The height and diameter depth of the watering filler of the cross-flow cooling tower shall be determined through technical and economic comparison based on the process requirements for cooling water temperature, the ventilation measures of the cooling tower, the type of watering filler, the investment and operation costs of the tower, etc. The ratio of the height and diameter depth of the watering filler should generally adopt the following values: mechanical ventilation cooling tower should be 2 to 2.5;
When the watering area of the fan-type cooling tower is greater than 1000m2, it should be 1 to 1.5; when the watering area is equal to and less than 1000m2, it should be 1.5 to 2.0. Article 2.1.25 The water collection tank of the cooling tower shall meet the following requirements: 1. The depth of the water collection tank should not be greater than 2.0m. When the circulating water is treated with scale inhibitors and corrosion inhibitors, the volume of the water collection tank should meet the requirements of the allowable residence time of the water treatment agent in the circulating water system;
2. The water collection tank should have overflow, emptying and mud discharge measures. The bottom of the pool should have an appropriate slope for drainage and mud discharge
3. The super height of the pool wall should be 0.20.3m; small mechanical ventilation cooling towers should not be less than 0.1m;
4. The water outlet should have a sewage interception facility. The outlet of large and medium-sized cooling towers should be equipped with a safety fence;
5. A return water platform should be set around the water collection tank, and its width should be 1.5~2.0m, and the slope should be 3%-5%. The periphery of the return water platform should have measures to prevent the surrounding surface water from flowing into the pool;
Sixth, railings should be set up around the water collection pool. Article 2.1.26 The components of the air flow part in the cooling tower should adopt the section and type with small air flow resistance.
Article 2.1.27 Metal components, pipelines and mechanical equipment inside and outside the cooling tower that are in contact with water vapor should take anti-corrosion measures. Article 2.1.28 Depending on the different tower types and specific conditions, the cooling tower should have the following facilities:
工6建设标准全文信息系统
W.bzsoso.coI工程建设标准全文信息系统
1. Manhole leading to the tower
2. Escalator or ladder leading from the ground to the tower and the top of the tower; 3. Sidewalks and railings at the top of the water distribution system; 4. Lightning protection devices and indicator lights at the top of the tower; 5. Instruments for operation monitoring,
6. Installation location and facilities of instruments and meters used for acceptance testing. Article 2.1.29 For cooling towers in cold and severe cold regions, the following antifreeze measures should be adopted according to specific conditions:
1. A water spray pipe for spraying hot water to the bottom of the tower should be installed along the inner wall of the tower at the upper edge of the air inlet of the cooling tower. The total amount of hot water sprayed should be 20% to 40% of the total water volume entering the tower; 2. A bypass water pipe that can pass part or all of the circulating water should be installed on the water inlet main pipe of the cooling tower;
3. The inner and outer peripheries of the water-spraying filler should adopt zoned water distribution; 4. Mechanical ventilation cooling towers can take measures such as stopping the operation of the fan, reducing the installation angle of the fan blades, or selecting variable speed motors and fan equipment that allows reversal. Wind shielding facilities can be installed at the air inlet of the fan-type cooling tower; 5. When the number of towers is large, the number of operating towers can be reduced. The water collection pool of the tower that has stopped operating should maintain a certain amount of hot water circulation or take other insulation measures; 6. The inner wall of the upper edge of the air inlet of the wind tube countercurrent cooling tower should be equipped with a water retaining eaves, and the eaves width should be 0.3~0.4m;
7. When the fan reducer has a lubricating oil circulation system, there should be facilities for heating the lubricating oil;
8. The water inlet valve and pipeline of the tower should have anti-freeze drain pipes or other insulation measures. Article 2.1.30 The operation and management of the cooling tower should be assigned to a dedicated person. The design of the cooling tower should put forward requirements for construction, operation and maintenance, and be accompanied by the thermal characteristic curve of the cooling tower. Section 2 Mechanical ventilation cooling tower
Article 2.2.1 Mechanical ventilation cooling towers should generally use exhaust towers. When the circulating water is highly corrosive to the fan, a blast tower can be used. Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
W.bzsoso.cOmArticle 17 The water distribution system of the cooling tower shall meet the requirements of uniform water distribution, small ventilation resistance, low energy consumption and easy maintenance, and shall be selected according to the following provisions based on the tower type, circulating water quality and other conditions:
Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
W Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
1. Counterflow cooling towers should adopt tubular, trough or a combination of tubular and trough types. When the circulating water contains more suspended matter and mud and sand, trough type should be adopted; 2. Crossflow cooling towers should adopt pool type; 3. Small mechanical ventilation counterflow cooling towers should adopt tubular or rotary water distributors. Article 2.1.18 The design flow rate of the starting section of the water distribution main pipe of the tubular water distribution system should be 1.0~1.5m/s.
Article 2.1.19 The trough type water distribution system shall meet the following requirements: 1. The design flow velocity of the starting section of the main water trough should be 0.8~1.2m/s; 2. The design flow velocity of the starting section of the distribution trough should be 0.5~0.8m/s; 3. The design water depth of the distribution trough should be greater than 6 times the inner diameter of the splash nozzle and should not be less than 0.15m; 4. The super height of the distribution trough should not be less than 0.1m; 5. The net width of the distribution trough section should not be less than 0.1m; 6. The net width of the distribution trough section should not be less than 0.1m; 7. The net width of the distribution trough section should not be less than 0.1m; 8. The net width of the distribution trough section should not be less than 0.1m; 9. The net width of the distribution trough section should not be less than 0.1m; 10. The net width of the distribution trough section should not be less than 0.1m; 11. The net width of the distribution trough section should not be less than 0.1m; 12. The net width of the distribution trough section should not be less than 0.1m; 13. The net width of the distribution trough section should not be less than 0.1m; 14. The net width of the distribution trough section should not be less than 0.1m; 15. The net width of the distribution trough section should not be less than 0.1m; 16. The net width of the distribution trough section should not be less than 0.1m; 17. The net width of the distribution trough section should not be less than 0.1m; 18. The net width of the distribution trough section should not be less than 0.1m; 19. The net width of the distribution .12m; 5. The main and distribution troughs should be set horizontally, the connection of the trough should be smooth, and the water flow turning angle should not be greater than 90°
Article 2.1.20 The distribution tank should meet the following requirements: 1. The water flow in the pool is stable, and the water depth should be greater than 6 times the inner diameter of the splash nozzle or the diameter of the bottom hole of the water distribution;
2. The super height of the pool wall should not be less than 0.1m; it should not overflow under the condition that the designed water volume may exceed the working condition;
3. The bottom of the pool should be set horizontally; the top of the pool should be covered or measures should be taken to prevent the growth of microorganisms and moss under light.
Article 2.1.21 The splash nozzle should be of a reasonable structure, large flow coefficient, uniform splashing and not easy to clog.
Article 2.1.22 The water distribution shaft or vertical pipe should have emptying measures. The water flow in the water distribution shaft of the trough water distribution system should be stable and no vortex flow should be generated. Article 2.1.23 The ratio of the air inlet area to the watering area of the counterflow cooling tower should adopt the following values:
Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
1. Mechanical ventilation cooling tower shall not be less than 0.5; 2. Fan-type cooling tower shall not be less than 0.4.
Article 2.1.24 The height and diameter depth of the watering filler of the cross-flow cooling tower shall be determined through technical and economic comparison based on the process requirements for cooling water temperature, the ventilation measures of the cooling tower, the type of watering filler, the investment and operation costs of the tower, etc. The ratio of the height and diameter depth of the watering filler should generally adopt the following values: mechanical ventilation cooling tower should be 2 to 2.5;
When the watering area of the fan-type cooling tower is greater than 1000m2, it should be 1 to 1.5; when the watering area is equal to and less than 1000m2, it should be 1.5 to 2.0. Article 2.1.25 The water collection tank of the cooling tower shall meet the following requirements: 1. The depth of the water collection tank should not be greater than 2.0m. When the circulating water is treated with scale inhibitors and corrosion inhibitors, the volume of the water collection tank should meet the requirements of the allowable residence time of the water treatment agent in the circulating water system;
2. The water collection tank should have overflow, emptying and mud discharge measures. The bottom of the pool should have an appropriate slope for drainage and mud discharge
3. The super height of the pool wall should be 0.20.3m; small mechanical ventilation cooling towers should not be less than 0.1m;
4. The water outlet should have a sewage interception facility. The outlet of large and medium-sized cooling towers should be equipped with a safety fence;
5. A return water platform should be set around the water collection tank, and its width should be 1.5~2.0m, and the slope should be 3%-5%. The periphery of the return water platform should have measures to prevent the surrounding surface water from flowing into the pool;
Sixth, railings should be set up around the water collection pool. Article 2.1.26 The components of the air flow part in the cooling tower should adopt the section and type with small air flow resistance.
Article 2.1.27 Metal components, pipelines and mechanical equipment inside and outside the cooling tower that are in contact with water vapor should take anti-corrosion measures. Article 2.1.28 Depending on the different tower types and specific conditions, the cooling tower should have the following facilities:
工6建设标准全文信息系统
W.bzsoso.coI工程建设标准全文信息系统
1. Manhole leading to the tower
2. Escalator or ladder leading from the ground to the tower and the top of the tower; 3. Sidewalks and railings at the top of the water distribution system; 4. Lightning protection devices and indicator lights at the top of the tower; 5. Instruments for operation monitoring,
6. Installation location and facilities of instruments and meters used for acceptance testing. Article 2.1.29 For cooling towers in cold and severe cold regions, the following antifreeze measures should be adopted according to specific conditions:
1. A water spray pipe for spraying hot water to the bottom of the tower should be installed along the inner wall of the tower at the upper edge of the air inlet of the cooling tower. The total amount of hot water sprayed should be 20% to 40% of the total water volume entering the tower; 2. A bypass water pipe that can pass part or all of the circulating water should be installed on the water inlet main pipe of the cooling tower;
3. The inner and outer peripheries of the water-spraying filler should adopt zoned water distribution; 4. Mechanical ventilation cooling towers can take measures such as stopping the operation of the fan, reducing the installation angle of the fan blades, or selecting variable speed motors and fan equipment that allows reversal. Wind shielding facilities can be installed at the air inlet of the fan-type cooling tower; 5. When the number of towers is large, the number of operating towers can be reduced. The water collection pool of the tower that has stopped operating should maintain a certain amount of hot water circulation or take other insulation measures; 6. The inner wall of the upper edge of the air inlet of the wind tube countercurrent cooling tower should be equipped with a water retaining eaves, and the eaves width should be 0.3~0.4m;
7. When the fan reducer has a lubricating oil circulation system, there should be facilities for heating the lubricating oil;
8. The water inlet valve and pipeline of the tower should have anti-freeze drain pipes or other insulation measures. Article 2.1.30 The operation and management of the cooling tower should be assigned to a dedicated person. The design of the cooling tower should put forward requirements for construction, operation and maintenance, and be accompanied by the thermal characteristic curve of the cooling tower. Section 2 Mechanical ventilation cooling tower
Article 2.2.1 Mechanical ventilation cooling towers should generally use exhaust towers. When the circulating water is highly corrosive to the fan, a blast tower can be used. Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
W.bzsoso.cOmArticle 17 The water distribution system of the cooling tower shall meet the requirements of uniform water distribution, small ventilation resistance, low energy consumption and easy maintenance, and shall be selected according to the following provisions based on the tower type, circulating water quality and other conditions:
Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
W Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
1. Counterflow cooling towers should adopt tubular, trough or a combination of tubular and trough types. When the circulating water contains more suspended matter and mud and sand, trough type should be adopted; 2. Crossflow cooling towers should adopt pool type; 3. Small mechanical ventilation counterflow cooling towers should adopt tubular or rotary water distributors. Article 2.1.18 The design flow rate of the starting section of the water distribution main pipe of the tubular water distribution system should be 1.0~1.5m/s.
Article 2.1.19 The trough type water distribution system shall meet the following requirements: 1. The design flow velocity of the starting section of the main water trough should be 0.8~1.2m/s; 2. The design flow velocity of the starting section of the distribution trough should be 0.5~0.8m/s; 3. The design water depth of the distribution trough should be greater than 6 times the inner diameter of the splash nozzle and should not be less than 0.15m; 4. The super height of the distribution trough should not be less than 0.1m; 5. The net width of the distribution trough section should not be less than 0.1m; 6. The net width of the distribution trough section should not be less than 0.1m; 7. The net width of the distribution trough section should not be less than 0.1m; 8. The net width of the distribution trough section should not be less than 0.1m; 9. The net width of the distribution trough section should not be less than 0.1m; 10. The net width of the distribution trough section should not be less than 0.1m; 11. The net width of the distribution trough section should not be less than 0.1m; 12. The net width of the distribution trough section should not be less than 0.1m; 13. The net width of the distribution trough section should not be less than 0.1m; 14. The net width of the distribution trough section should not be less than 0.1m; 15. The net width of the distribution trough section should not be less than 0.1m; 16. The net width of the distribution trough section should not be less than 0.1m; 17. The net width of the distribution trough section should not be less than 0.1m; 18. The net width of the distribution trough section should not be less than 0.1m; 19. The net width of the distribution .12m; 5. The main and distribution troughs should be set horizontally, the connection of the trough should be smooth, and the water flow turning angle should not be greater than 90°
Article 2.1.20 The distribution tank should meet the following requirements: 1. The water flow in the pool is stable, and the water depth should be greater than 6 times the inner diameter of the splash nozzle or the diameter of the bottom hole of the water distribution;
2. The super height of the pool wall should not be less than 0.1m; it should not overflow under the condition that the designed water volume may exceed the working condition;
3. The bottom of the pool should be set horizontally; the top of the pool should be covered or measures should be taken to prevent the growth of microorganisms and moss under light.
Article 2.1.21 The splash nozzle should be of a reasonable structure, large flow coefficient, uniform splashing and not easy to clog.
Article 2.1.22 The water distribution shaft or vertical pipe should have emptying measures. The water flow in the water distribution shaft of the trough water distribution system should be stable and no vortex flow should be generated. Article 2.1.23 The ratio of the air inlet area to the watering area of the counterflow cooling tower should adopt the following values:
Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
1. Mechanical ventilation cooling tower shall not be less than 0.5; 2. Fan-type cooling tower shall not be less than 0.4.
Article 2.1.24 The height and diameter depth of the watering filler of the cross-flow cooling tower shall be determined through technical and economic comparison based on the process requirements for cooling water temperature, the ventilation measures of the cooling tower, the type of watering filler, the investment and operation costs of the tower, etc. The ratio of the height and diameter depth of the watering filler should generally adopt the following values: mechanical ventilation cooling tower should be 2 to 2.5;
When the watering area of the fan-type cooling tower is greater than 1000m2, it should be 1 to 1.5; when the watering area is equal to and less than 1000m2, it should be 1.5 to 2.0. Article 2.1.25 The water collection tank of the cooling tower shall meet the following requirements: 1. The depth of the water collection tank should not be greater than 2.0m. When the circulating water is treated with scale inhibitors and corrosion inhibitors, the volume of the water collection tank should meet the requirements of the allowable residence time of the water treatment agent in the circulating water system;
2. The water collection tank should have overflow, emptying and mud discharge measures. The bottom of the pool should have an appropriate slope for drainage and mud discharge
3. The super height of the pool wall should be 0.20.3m; small mechanical ventilation cooling towers should not be less than 0.1m;
4. The water outlet should have a sewage interception facility. The outlet of large and medium-sized cooling towers should be equipped with a safety fence;
5. A return water platform should be set around the water collection tank, and its width should be 1.5~2.0m, and the slope should be 3%-5%. The periphery of the return water platform should have measures to prevent the surrounding surface water from flowing into the pool;
Sixth, railings should be set up around the water collection pool. Article 2.1.26 The components of the air flow part in the cooling tower should adopt the section and type with small air flow resistance.
Article 2.1.27 Metal components, pipelines and mechanical equipment inside and outside the cooling tower that are in contact with water vapor should take anti-corrosion measures. Article 2.1.28 Depending on the different tower types and specific conditions, the cooling tower should have the following facilities:
工6建设标准全文信息系统
W.bzsoso.coI工程建设标准全文信息系统
1. Manhole leading to the tower
2. Escalator or ladder leading from the ground to the tower and the top of the tower; 3. Sidewalks and railings at the top of the water distribution system; 4. Lightning protection devices and indicator lights at the top of the tower; 5. Instruments for operation monitoring,
6. Installation location and facilities of instruments and meters used for acceptance testing. Article 2.1.29 For cooling towers in cold and severe cold regions, the following antifreeze measures should be adopted according to specific conditions:
1. A water spray pipe for spraying hot water to the bottom of the tower should be installed along the inner wall of the tower at the upper edge of the air inlet of the cooling tower. The total amount of hot water sprayed should be 20% to 40% of the total water volume entering the tower; 2. A bypass water pipe that can pass part or all of the circulating water should be installed on the water inlet main pipe of the cooling tower;
3. The inner and outer peripheries of the water-spraying filler should adopt zoned water distribution; 4. Mechanical ventilation cooling towers can take measures such as stopping the operation of the fan, reducing the installation angle of the fan blades, or selecting variable speed motors and fan equipment that allows reversal. Wind shielding facilities can be installed at the air inlet of the fan-type cooling tower; 5. When the number of towers is large, the number of operating towers can be reduced. The water collection pool of the tower that has stopped operating should maintain a certain amount of hot water circulation or take other insulation measures; 6. The inner wall of the upper edge of the air inlet of the wind tube countercurrent cooling tower should be equipped with a water retaining eaves, and the eaves width should be 0.3~0.4m;
7. When the fan reducer has a lubricating oil circulation system, there should be facilities for heating the lubricating oil;
8. The water inlet valve and pipeline of the tower should have anti-freeze drain pipes or other insulation measures. Article 2.1.30 The operation and management of the cooling tower should be assigned to a dedicated person. The design of the cooling tower should put forward requirements for construction, operation and maintenance, and be accompanied by the thermal characteristic curve of the cooling tower. Section 2 Mechanical ventilation cooling tower
Article 2.2.1 Mechanical ventilation cooling towers should generally use exhaust towers. When the circulating water is highly corrosive to the fan, a blast tower can be used. Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
W.bzsoso.cOm0m. When the circulating water is treated with scale inhibitors and corrosion inhibitors, the volume of the water collection tank should meet the requirements of the allowable residence time of the water treatment agent in the circulating water system;
2. The water collection tank should have overflow, emptying and mud discharge measures. The bottom of the pool should have an appropriate slope for drainage and mud discharge
3. The super height of the pool wall should be 0.20.3m; small mechanical ventilation cooling towers should not be less than 0.1m;
4. The water outlet should have pollution interception facilities. The outlet of large and medium-sized cooling towers should be equipped with safety protection fences;
5. A return water platform should be set around the water collection tank, the width of which should be 1.5~2.0m, and the slope should be 3%5%. Measures should be taken around the return water platform to prevent the surrounding surface water from flowing into the pool;
6. Railings should be set around the water collection tank. Article 2.1.26 The components of the air flow parts in the cooling tower should adopt the cross-section and type with small air flow resistance.
Article 2.1.27 Metal components, pipelines and mechanical equipment inside and outside the cooling tower that are in contact with water vapor should take anti-corrosion measures. Article 2.1.28 Depending on the different tower types and specific conditions, the cooling tower should have the following facilities:
工6建设标准全文信息系统
W.bzsoso.coI工程建设标准全文信息系统
1. Manhole leading to the tower
2. Escalator or ladder leading from the ground to the tower and the top of the tower; 3. Sidewalks and railings at the top of the water distribution system; 4. Lightning protection devices and indicator lights at the top of the tower; 5. Instruments for operation monitoring,
6. Installation location and facilities of instruments and meters used for acceptance testing. Article 2.1.29 For cooling towers in cold and extremely cold areas, the following anti-freeze measures should be adopted according to specific conditions:
1. A water spray pipe that sprays hot water to the bottom of the tower should be installed along the inner wall of the tower at the upper edge of the air inlet of the cooling tower. The total amount of hot water sprayed should be 20% to 40% of the total water volume entering the tower; 2. A bypass water pipe that can pass part or all of the circulating water should be installed on the water inlet main pipe of the cooling tower;
3. Zoned water distribution should be adopted for the inner and outer peripheries of the sprinkler filler; 4. Mechanical ventilation cooling towers can adopt measures such as stopping the operation of the fan, reducing the installation angle of the fan blades, or selecting variable speed motors and fan equipment that allows reversal. Wind shielding facilities can be installed at the air inlet of the fan-type cooling tower; 5. When the number of towers is large, the number of operating towers can be reduced. The water collection pool of the tower that has stopped operating should maintain a certain amount of hot water circulation or take other insulation measures; 6. The inner wall of the upper edge of the air inlet of the wind tube countercurrent cooling tower should be equipped with a water retaining eaves, and the eaves width should be 0.3~0.4m;
7. When the fan reducer has a lubricating oil circulation system, there should be facilities for heating the lubricating oil;
8. The water inlet valve and pipeline of the tower should have anti-freeze drain pipes or other insulation measures. Article 2.1.30 The operation and management of the cooling tower should be assigned to a dedicated person. The design of the cooling tower should put forward requirements for construction, operation and maintenance, and be accompanied by the thermal characteristic curve of the cooling tower. Section 2 Mechanical ventilation cooling tower
Article 2.2.1 Mechanical ventilation cooling towers should generally use exhaust towers. When the circulating water is highly corrosive to the fan, a blast tower can be used. Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
W.bzsoso.cOm0m. When the circulating water is treated with scale inhibitors and corrosion inhibitors, the volume of the water collection tank should meet the requirements of the allowable residence time of the water treatment agent in the circulating water system;
2. The water collection tank should have overflow, emptying and mud discharge measures. The bottom of the pool should have an appropriate slope for drainage and mud discharge
3. The super height of the pool wall should be 0.20.3m; small mechanical ventilation cooling towers should not be less than 0.1m;
4. The water outlet should have pollution interception facilities. The outlet of large and medium-sized cooling towers should be equipped with safety protection fences;
5. A return water platform should be set around the water collection tank, the width of which should be 1.5~2.0m, and the slope should be 3%5%. Measures should be taken around the return water platform to prevent the surrounding surface water from flowing into the pool;
6. Railings should be set around the water collection tank. Article 2.1.26 The components of the air flow parts in the cooling tower should adopt the cross-section and type with small air flow resistance.
Article 2.1.27 Metal components, pipelines and mechanical equipment inside and outside the cooling tower that are in contact with water vapor should take anti-corrosion measures. Article 2.1.28 Depending on the different tower types and specific conditions, the cooling tower should have the following facilities:
工6建设标准全文信息系统
W.bzsoso.coI工程建设标准全文信息系统
1. Manhole leading to the tower
2. Escalator or ladder leading from the ground to the tower and the top of the tower; 3. Sidewalks and railings at the top of the water distribution system; 4. Lightning protection devices and indicator lights at the top of the tower; 5. Instruments for operation monitoring,
6. Installation location and facilities of instruments and meters used for acceptance testing. Article 2.1.29 For cooling towers in cold and extremely cold areas, the following anti-freeze measures should be adopted according to specific conditions:
1. A water spray pipe that sprays hot water to the bottom of the tower should be installed along the inner wall of the tower at the upper edge of the air inlet of the cooling tower. The total amount of hot water sprayed should be 20% to 40% of the total water volume entering the tower; 2. A bypass water pipe that can pass part or all of the circulating water should be installed on the water inlet main pipe of the cooling tower;
3. Zoned water distribution should be adopted for the inner and outer peripheries of the sprinkler filler; 4. Mechanical ventilation cooling towers can adopt measures such as stopping the operation of the fan, reducing the installation angle of the fan blades, or selecting variable speed motors and fan equipment that allows reversal. Wind shielding facilities can be installed at the air inlet of the fan-type cooling tower; 5. When the number of towers is large, the number of operating towers can be reduced. The water collection pool of the tower that has stopped operating should maintain a certain amount of hot water circulation or take other insulation measures; 6. The inner wall of the upper edge of the air inlet of the wind tube countercurrent cooling tower should be equipped with a water retaining eaves, and the eaves width should be 0.3~0.4m;
7. When the fan reducer has a lubricating oil circulation system, there should be facilities for heating the lubricating oil;
8. The water inlet valve and pipeline of the tower should have anti-freeze drain pipes or other insulation measures. Article 2.1.30 The operation and management of the cooling tower should be assigned to a dedicated person. The design of the cooling tower should put forward requirements for construction, operation and maintenance, and be accompanied by the thermal characteristic curve of the cooling tower. Section 2 Mechanical ventilation cooling tower
Article 2.2.1 Mechanical ventilation cooling towers should generally use exhaust towers. When the circulating water is highly corrosive to the fan, a blast tower can be used. Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
W.bzsoso.cOm
Tip: This standard content only shows part of the intercepted content of the complete standard. If you need the complete standard, please go to the top to download the complete standard document for free.