Some standard content:
ICS07.060
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T336662017
Identification method for El Nino/La Nina events2017-05-12Published
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of ChinaStandardization Administration of the People's Republic of China
2017-12-01Implementation
GB/T33666—2017
Terms and Definitions
Main Sea Surface Temperature Monitoring Key Areas and Indices
Key Monitoring Areas
NINO3 Index
NINO4 Index
NIN O3.4 Index
Eastern El Nino/La Nina Index
Central El Nino/La Nina Index
Discrimination Method
4.2 Event Duration
4.3 Event Intensity
Event Type
Appendix A (Informative Appendix)
References
Statistical Items of El Nino/La Nina Events
This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T1.1-2009. This standard was proposed by the China Meteorological Administration.
This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Climate and Climate Change Standardization (SAC/TC540). Drafting units of this standard: National Climate Center, China Meteorological Science Research Institute. GB/T33666-—2017
The main drafters of this standard are Ren Hongli, Sun Chenghu, Ren Fumin, Yuan Yuan, Lu Bo, Tian Ben, Zuo Jinqing, Liu Ke, Cao Lu, Han Rongqing, Jia Xiaolong, and Liu Changzheng.
GB/T33666—2017
El Nino/La Nina refers to the phenomenon of abnormally warm/cold sea surface in a large area of the equatorial central and eastern Pacific Ocean, which is the strongest signal in the interannual climate change of the climate system. The occurrence of El Nino/La Nina events will not only directly cause disastrous extreme weather and climate events such as drought and heavy rain in the tropical Pacific and its surrounding areas, but will also indirectly affect the weather and climate in other parts of the world in the form of teleconnections and cause meteorological disasters. In particular, the extremely strong El Nino event similar to that in 1998 will cause serious floods and waterlogging disasters in the Yangtze River Basin of my country, which will have a huge impact on the safety of people's lives and property and the economic development of my country. In view of the current situation that there is still a lack of unified El Nino/La Nina event discrimination standards in China, in order to standardize the discrimination standards for El Nino/La Nina events and promote the development of climate business and related research, this standard is formulated by summarizing the existing event monitoring indices at home and abroad and absorbing the latest research results in this field. 1 Scope
El Nino/La Nina event discrimination method
GB/T33666—2017
This standard specifies the discrimination method for El Nino/La Nina events, including concepts related to events, definitions of monitoring indices, and determination of intensity and type
This standard is applicable to the operational monitoring of El Nino/La Nina events by meteorological and oceanographic departments and the use of relevant departments such as scientific research institutes and universities.
2 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document. 2.1
sea surface temperature, SST
Sea surface temperature
The numerical value of sea surface temperature.
Note: The unit is degrees Celsius (℃).
Sea surface temperature anomaly SSTanomaly; SsTA
The difference between the sea surface temperature and the multi-year climate average. 2.3
El Niño/La Nina events ElNiio/LaNina events The sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) in the equatorial central and eastern Pacific Ocean appears to be warmer/cooler over a large area, and the intensity and duration meet certain conditions. It is the product of tropical sea-air interaction. Note: When the center of SSTA is located in the equatorial eastern Pacific Ocean, it is called the eastern type (or eastern Pacific type, cold tongue type) El Niño/La Nina event; when the center of SSTA is located in the equatorial central Pacific Ocean, it is called the central type (or central Pacific type, warm pool type, dateline type) El Niño/La Nina event. 3 Key monitoring areas and indices for sea temperature
3.1 Key monitoring areas
Figure 1 shows the key monitoring areas for El Niño/La Niña events, including NINO1+2 (90°W～80°W, 10°S～0°), NINO3 (150°W～90°W, 5S～5N), NINO4 (160°E~150°W, 5°S～5°N) and NINO3.4 (170°W～120°W, 5°S～5°N).
GB/T33666—2017
3.2 NINO3 index
Figure 1 Distribution of key monitoring areas for sea temperature anomalies in the tropical Pacific region The average value of SSTA in NINO3 region.
3.3 NINO4 index
The average value of SSTA in NINO4 region.
3.4NINO3.4 index
The average value of SSTA in the NINO3.4 area.
3.5 Eastern El Nino/La Nina Index The calculation of the Eastern El Nino/La Nina Index is shown in formula (1): IEP=I NINO3 αXININO
Wherein:
ININO3
Eastern El Nino/La Nina Index, in degrees Celsius (℃); -NINO3 index, in degrees Celsius (℃); NINO4 index, in degrees Celsius (℃); when ININOsXININO>0, α=0.4, when ININO3ININO0, α=03.6 Central El Nino/La Nina Index The calculation of the Central El Nino/La Nina Index is shown in formula (2): IcP=ININOAαXININO3
Wherein:
Central El Nino/La Nina Index, in degrees Celsius (℃). 4.1 Events
·（1）
·（2）
When the absolute value of the 3-month moving average of the NINO3.4 index (retain one decimal place, the same below) reaches or exceeds 0.5℃ and lasts for at least 5 months, it is determined to be an El Nino/La Nina event (NINO3.4 index ≥ 0.5℃ is an El Nino event; NINO3.4 index ≤ -0.5℃ is a La Nina event).
4.2 Event duration
Start time: The earliest month that the NINO3.4 index meets the event judgment is the start month of the event. End time: The latest month that the NINO3.4 index meets the event judgment is the end month of the event. Duration: The total number of months from the start of the event to the end 4.3 Event intensity
GB/T33666-—2017
Event peak: During the event, the time and value when the absolute value of the 3-month moving average of the NINO3.4 index reaches the maximum are defined as the peak time and peak intensity of the event (when there are multiple peaks with the same value, the first peak shall prevail). Event intensity: The peak value of the event represents its intensity. Intensity level: The absolute value of the peak intensity of the event reaches or exceeds 0.5℃ but is less than 1.3℃, which is defined as a weak event; reaches or exceeds 1.3℃ but is less than 2.0℃, which is defined as a moderate event; reaches or exceeds 2.0℃, which is defined as a strong event; reaches or exceeds 2.5℃, which is defined as an ultra-strong event. Note: Here, 1.3℃, 2.0℃ and 2.5℃ are close to 1.5 times, 2.5 times and 3 times the standard deviation of the NINO3.4 index, respectively. 4.4 Event Types
Eastern Type Events: Events in which the absolute value of IEp reaches or exceeds 0.5℃ and lasts for at least 3 months are considered Eastern Type Events.
Central Type Events: Events in which the absolute value of IcP reaches or exceeds 0.5℃ and lasts for at least 3 months are considered Central Type Events.
If an event contains both of the above situations and there is a transition between the two types, the type where the event peak is located is defined as the event main type, and the other is the non-main type. The type of the entire event is based on the event main type. Example:
Based on the above El Niño/La Niña event discrimination method, the basic information of El Niño/La Niña events that have occurred in history since 1950. See Table A.1 in Appendix A.
GB/T33666—2017
Appendix A
(Informative Appendix)
Statistical items of El Nino/La Nina events
The comprehensive table of characteristic quantities of El Nino/La Nina events since 1950 is shown in Table A,1. Table A.1
Start and end dates
1951.08—1952.01
1957.04—1958.07 | | tt | 1978.02| |tt| |1979.09—1980.01
1982.04—1983.06
1986.08—1988.02
1991.05—1992.06
1994.09——1995.03
1997.041998.04|| tt|| 2002.05 —2003.03
2004.07—2005.01
2006.08—2007.01
2009.06—2010.04
2014.10—2016.04
1950.01—1951.02
195 4.071956.04 | | tt | 05||tt ||1995 .09—1996.03
1998.07—2000.06
2000.10—2001.02
2007.08—2008.05
2010.06——2011.05
2011.08—2012.03
El Niño since 1950/ La Nina event
Peak time
Peak intensity
Intensity level
Event type
Eastern type
Eastern type
Eastern Type
Eastern Type
Central Type
Eastern Type
Eastern Type
Central Type
Eastern Type
Eastern Type
Eastern Type
Eastern Type
Central Typewww.bzxz.net
Eastern Type
Central Type
Central Type
Eastern Type
Central type
Eastern type
Eastern type
Eastern type
Eastern type
Eastern type
Central type| |tt||Central type
Eastern type
Eastern type
Eastern type
Eastern type
Central type
Eastern type|| tt||Eastern type
Central type
Note 1: The climate standard value (or climate state) involved in the calculation of sea temperature anomaly adopts the international climate standard value of 30-year rolling climate state recommended by the World Meteorological Organization. Business standards. That is, the index calculation between 1950 and 1990 uses the 30-year average from 1951 to 1980 as the climate state, the calculation between 1991 and 2000 uses the climate state from 1961 to 1990, and so on. , using the climate state from 1981 to 2010. From 1950 to 1981, the Hadley Centre Sea Ice and Sea Surface Temperature data (HadISST) from the UK was used, and from 1982 to date, the US NOAA 1/4° daily Optimum Interpolation Sea Surface Temperature data (OISSTv2) was used. Note 2: The most recent El Niño event began in 2014. In October, the type was Eastern type, and by April 2016 it had become a super strong event. Note 3: January 1950 is the starting month of the data, not the starting month of the first cold event in this table 4
References
GB/T33666—2017
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