Assessing principles and calculating methods for the economic effect of standardization
Some standard content:
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Assessing principles and calculating methods for theeconomic effect of standardizationUDC 389.6:33
.001.24(083
GB86a3.1—88
This standard is applicable to the evaluation and calculation of the economic effects of implementing national standards, professional standards (departmental standards), enterprise standards, and the adoption of international standards and foreign advanced standards.
The results of evaluation and calculation according to this standard shall be used as: a. The basis for formulating standardization plans and project plans and determining the priority order; b. The basis for reviewing and approving standards, determining their rationality and selecting the best plan; c. The basis for assessing the economic effects obtained by departments or enterprises in implementing standards; d. The basis for rewarding excellent standardization and standardization workers and related personnel. The principles and methods specified in this standard are the basis for departments to evaluate and calculate the economic effects of standardization. Departments can formulate evaluation plans and calculation methods suitable for the entity of their own department in combination with their own characteristics. 1 Terms, terms, symbols and codes for evaluating and calculating the economic effects of standardization 1.1 Noun, terminology
Economic effect of standardization, the ratio of the useful effect obtained from the formulation and implementation of standards to the dynamic expenditure incurred. a.
Labor expenditure on standardization: the sum of the living labor and materialized labor expenditure incurred in the formulation and implementation of standards, that is, standardization investment. b.
Useful effect of standardization, the savings obtained from the implementation of standards, or other beneficial results. Economic benefit of standardization: the difference between the useful effect obtained from the formulation and implementation of standards and the labor expenditure incurred. d.
Payback period of standardization investment: the time required to repay the standardization investment with the annual savings obtained from the implementation of standards. e.
Return on standardization investment, the ratio of the annual savings obtained from the implementation of standards to the investment. Economic effect coefficient of standardization, the ratio of the total savings obtained from the implementation of standards to the investment. g.
Base year: the base year used for comparison when evaluating the economic effect of standardization. 1.
Evaluation year: the year used for comparison with the base year when evaluating the economic effect of standardization. The last year of comparison. j: Validity period of standard: from the date of implementation of the standard to the date when the standard is reconfirmed, revised or abolished. 1.2 Symbols and codes
Symbols and codes are shown in Appendix A (Supplement). 2 Principles for evaluating and calculating the economic effects of standardization 2.1 The evaluation and calculation of the economic effects of standardization must proceed from the overall interests of the national economy, take into full account the interrelated and mutually restrictive factors of various aspects, and conduct a comprehensive evaluation of each link such as research and development, production, circulation, and consumption. 2.2 The evaluation and calculation of the economic effects of standardization must take into full account the development of modern science and technology and my country's national conditions, and must be combined with my country's economic management and economic accounting system. 2.8 All economic effects obtained from the formulation and implementation of standards, regardless of where these effects occur, should be regarded as the effects of standardization: When it is difficult to separate the economic effects of standardization from the total economic effects, the proportions should be determined according to the importance and cost of various measures according to the specific circumstances in order to calculate the economic effects of standardization. Issued by the State Bureau of Standards on March 9, 1983
Implemented on October 1, 1983
GB3533.1-83
2.4 When evaluating and calculating the economic effects of standardization, we should pay attention to both the effects in the production field and the effects in the non-production field. 2.5 When evaluating and calculating the economic effects of standardization, we must base our analysis on accurate and reliable data, and avoid repeated calculations of the same effects in different links.
2.6 When evaluating and calculating the economic effects of standardization, we must focus on analyzing projects with significant effects, and pay attention to the effects that are expanded by the promotion of standardization.
2.7 The methods for evaluating and calculating the economic effects of standardization should be popular, practical, simple and easy to use. 3 The period for evaluating and calculating the economic effects of standardization 3.1 The period for proposing standardization plans and project plans Before the standardization projects of the state, departments or enterprises are included in the long-term plan or annual plan, the economic effects of standardization should be predicted. 3.2 Review and approval period of standards
The standard proposal must be accompanied by a demonstration of economic effects. There may be several schemes for demonstration. If the demonstration of economic effects cannot be carried out, necessary explanations should be attached. When reviewing standards, various schemes for possible standardization economic effects should be fully discussed and then the standard draft should be submitted for approval. When approving standards, the demonstration of economic effects in the draft should be reviewed. 3.3 Implementation period of standards
During the validity period of the standard, the data of the evaluation year should be compared with the data of the base year for evaluation, and the actual economic effects obtained by implementing the standard should be calculated.
4 Selection of benchmarks for evaluation and calculation of standardization economic effects 4.1 For the first formulation of new product and new process standards, the actual production level of a product similar in structure, process characteristics and technical indicators should be used as the benchmark. For the revision of product standards produced by many enterprises, the actual production level of the industry average achieved by the original standard should be used as the benchmark. If only one enterprise is involved, the actual production level achieved by the original standard of the enterprise should be used as the benchmark. 4.2 According to the selected benchmark, the benchmark year is determined. 5 Main factors to be considered in evaluating and calculating the economic effect of standardization 5.1 Factors to be considered in product standards
a, Research and development stage: reduce the design work base, the labor of drawing and tracing, improve design efficiency and design level, etc. b, Production stage: improve product quality and reduce the rate of defective products, increase product output, reduce labor and reduce the consumption of raw materials, materials, fuel and power; reduce the reserve of materials and parts, expand production batches, reduce the enterprise management fee and depreciation fee per unit product, reduce the occupation of working capital, shorten the dust product preparation time and production cycle, etc. , Circulation stage: improve the utilization rate of warehouse area and volume, shorten transportation time, reduce losses during transportation and warehousing; reduce packaging and transportation costs, etc.
d: Consumption stage (including departmental consumption and personal consumption): improve product reliability; extend product life, reduce repair costs, reduce the consumption of raw materials, materials, fuel and power during use, and improve product use efficiency, etc. 5.2 Factors to be considered in basic standards
Improve the interchangeability of parts and components, improve product reliability and extend service life, avoid confusion in names, technical terms, graphic symbols, codes, and improve information transmission efficiency, etc. 5.3 Factors to be considered in test and inspection method standards Improve the quality of tests and inspections, reduce disputes, shorten test and inspection time, save test and inspection equipment costs, etc. 5.4 Safety. Factors to be considered in health, environmental protection and other standards Improve environmental quality, reduce morbidity and health care costs, reduce accident rates, comprehensively utilize waste water, gas, and waste residue, and reduce the consumption of raw materials, materials, fuel, and power, etc. 5.6 Factors to be considered in export product standards
Increase the output of export products, improve technical level, competitiveness, and increase foreign exchange income, etc. GB858.1-83
5, Factors to be considered in the standardization review of imported products Ensure the quality of imported products, improve interchangeability and versatility, safety and reliability, facilitate use and maintenance, and improve production capacity, etc. 5.7 The factors to be considered in adopting international standards and foreign advanced standards are to reduce the cost of making and setting standards, improve product quality and competitiveness in international trade, reduce the consumption of raw materials, materials, fuel and power, save labor hours, improve convertibility, versatility and safety, etc. Index system for evaluating and calculating the economic effect of standardization 6.1 Measurement method of evaluation index of economic effect of standardization Evaluation index of economic effect of standardization should be expressed in monetary units or natural units (kilograms, dry watts, meters, hours, etc.). If quantitative measurement is not possible, it can be supplemented with text or charts. 6.2 Index system for evaluating the economic effect of standardization 6.2.1 Economic benefits of standardization. It is divided into two types: total economic benefits (X,) during the validity period of the standard and annual economic benefits (X,). X,=
X, =-ak
In the formula, -
Standardized annual savings, yuan/year:
K--standardized investment, several
During the validity period of the standard, the standardized investment is converted into a cost coefficient for one year, 1, year, α=1t. If the validity period of the standard is 5 years, the annual average cost is 1/5 of the investment, that is (.2-standard validity period, year.
6.2.2 Standardized investment payback period (7k).Tx
Formula J, K-(6.2.1).
If the investment payback period needs to be expressed in months and days: K
×12 (months)
x 360(H2.
When there are different standardized schemes for comparison, the following formula can be used to express it: x
Where:
t—Additional investment payback period, year,
KisKa-
—Standardized investment of scheme 1 and scheme 2, RMB C1, 2—Annual core cost of scheme 1 and scheme 2, RMB/year, 6.2.3 Standardized investment rate of return (R). Rk
Where, d, K—(see 6.2.1).
6.2.4 Standardized economic effect coefficient (E) J
（3）
Where: J, K—(see 6.2.1).
6.3 Dynamic calculation of standardized economic effect indicators GB 3583.1-83
When evaluating the total economic effect within the validity period of the standard, dynamic calculation may not be used for standards with small investment amounts and short effect duration. For standards with large investment amounts and long-lasting effects, dynamic calculations should be used. The savings or investments of each year should be converted into the same year amount for comparison. The calculation formula is shown in Appendix B (reference). 7 Main calculation formulas and data collection for annual savings obtained by implementing various standards 7.1 Main calculation formulas for annual savings obtained by implementing various standards are shown in Appendix B (reference). 7.2 When calculating the annual savings obtained by various standards, data should be collected from all links (research and development, production, circulation, consumption, etc.) where standardization takes effect, or only from certain links. 7.3 When calculating the annual savings obtained by various standards, only data related to factors that change due to standardization should be collected. 7.4 When calculating the annual savings obtained by national standards and professional standards (ministerial standards) in production, actual data should be collected from enterprises with different management and technical levels and different production scales. The total output of products produced by these enterprises in accordance with the standard shall not be less than the national total output of products of this frequency.
7.5 When calculating the annual savings obtained by various standards, various statistical data of relevant departments and enterprises should be used to establish and improve the statistical system. 7.6 When collecting data on the economic effects of standardization, the standardized economic saving factor survey form and the standardized investment statistics form may be filled in respectively. The formats are as shown in Table I and Table D2 in Appendix C (reference) of this standard. 7.7 When evaluating and calculating the economic effects of standardization, the annual savings calculation form obtained by implementing the standard and the standardized economic effect summary form shall be filled in respectively. The formats are as shown in Table D1 and Table D2 in Appendix J (reference) of this standard. 7.8 Examples of evaluation and calculation of the economic effects of standardization are shown in Appendix F (reference). Category
Indicator name
Total economic benefit
Annual economic benefit
Economic effect ratio
Investment payback period
Additional investment payback period
Total output value
Residual value of defective products
Standardized cost
Standardized savings
Unit price
Time (term)
Rate (fraction)
Electric power
Equipment thermal efficiency
GB 3633.1-83
Appendix A
Symbols and codes for standardized economic effect*
(Supplement)
No pinyin, customary usage
Zong jing ji xiao yi
Customary usage
Nianjiagjil iao yi
customary law
customary criminal law
customary usage
all customary usage
Cha zhi
Z (bu he ke pin)
Fei yong (biao zhun lua)
Jie yue (biao zhun hua)
Dan wei jia ge
customary usage
customary usage
customary usage
customary usage
to customary usage
Ding e
by customary usage
Gung zi
dou customary usage
customary usage
average customary usage
customary usage
*Symbols with customary usage are preferred, such as time (T), area (A), etc. Symbols without customary usage are in Chinese pinyin. ② The capital letters of Chinese phonetic alphabet represent categories, and the lowercase letters represent items. When the first letter is repeated, the keyword or capital letter is used, such as (savings on material costs), F equipment maintenance costs), etc. ③ The base year before standardization is marked with code 0 in the superscript, and the 1st, 2nd, 31st, and 4th years of evaluation are marked with codes 1, 2, 3, and 4. For example, Q, Q: represent the number of varieties in the base year before standardization and the first year after standardization, respectively. ③ The superscript of symbols and codes is added in the lower corner to avoid confusion with mathematical symbols. Category
Indicator name
Material cost
Power cost
Return cost
Indirect cost
Loss cost
Maintenance cost
Depreciation cost
Storage cost
Testing and inspection cost
Installation cost
Savings on safety, health and labor protection
Savings on reducing defective products
Savings on material cost
Power cost Savings on labor costs
Savings on improving the rate of reworkable products
Reduction of labor hours
Savings on the cost of discontinued working capital
Savings on indirect costs
Savings on extending the service life
Savings on design praise
Savings on simplified varieties
Savings on loss costs
Savings on maintenance costs
Savings on discount costs
Savings on packaging costs
Savings on storage costs!
Savings on testing and inspection costs
Savings on installation costs
Savings on agricultural standardization
Savings on improving the rate of first-class products
Unit price of materials
Unit price of power (electricity)
Unit price of maintenance
Unit price of scraps (residual materials)
GB 3533.1--83
Hanyu Pinyin, habit collapse method
F (rai liao)
F (dong li)
ifan xiu)
F tgong shi)
Ftjian jie)
F(she ji)
F sun shi)
Ftwei xiu)
F(zhe jiu)||tt ||F(cang chu)
F(shi yan)
F (gong zhaang )
J(an quan)
jtbu he ge?||tt| |J(cai liao)
J(dong li)
J(fan xiu)
J(gong shi)
Jliu donki
J(jianjic
J(shou jming)
Jishe jii
J(pin xhong)
J (sun shi)
Jewei xiuj
J(zhe Fu)
J(bau xhuing)
J(cang chu)
J(shi yun )
I(goug zhuang)
JrNong ye)
J (Level I)
Dicai lizo)
D(dong li)||tt ||Dtwei xiu)
D(yu liao)
Indicator name
Base unit price
Blueprint unit price
-grade unit price
Standard validity period
Power equipment implementation time|| tt||Product life
Design working hours
Maintenance period
Unsuitable road quality rate
Material utilization rate
Fuel and power consumption ratio||tt ||Error detection rate
Repair output
Working capital utilization rate
Maintenance complexity coefficient
Packaging products Transportation loss rate
Test sampling rate
General parts number coefficient
Standard parts number coefficient
First and second grade product rate
Investment return rate|| tt||Number of defective products (scrap)
Material parent
Power fuel display
Design quantity
Products and quantity
Storage quantity||tt ||Installation degree
Number of base maps
Number of monitoring maps
Number of cultivated land
Number of cultivated land
GB 3533.1--B3
Hanyu Pinyin, customary usage
D(Di tu
(Lan tu)
D(Level I)
conventional usage
T (dong.li)bZxz.net
T(gong shi)
Ttshou ning)
Ttshe ji)
T(wei xiu)||tt ||R ibu be ge piu?
R(cai liao)
R(dong li)
R(cuo jian)
R(fan xin)|| tt||R(liu dang)
R(wei xiu xi shu)
R(hat zhuang sun shi)
R(shi yan)
R(Tang yong)
R(Hiao zhun)
Idiom
Q(bu he ke)
Ch(cai liao)
Q(dong li)
Qtshe ji)
Q(pin zhong!
Q(eang chu]|| tt||Q(gong zhuang)
Qtni tu)
QtLan tu)
Q(Mu shu)
QiAung ye)
Indicator name
Cost of packaging container
Cost of common parts
Complete vehicle of difficult parts
Rate of tree materials
Rate of working hours
Storage area
3533.1-83
Chinese cake, Xi Gai Chuan Tai
C(hao zhuing)
C(Tong yong)
C(Biua zhua)
etcai lian?
c(gong shi)
Alcang chu)
GB3533.1—89
Appendix B
Main calculation formulas for annual savings obtained by implementing various standards (reference)
Design (process documents, etc.) costs B.1.1
Using standard design method, the design cost savings J, =Q,TF-Q,TF
Annual design cost savings, yuan/year,
Standardization The number of design (or process) drawings before and after (converted into No. 4 drawings), sheets/year (B1)
Standardized design (or process) drawings before and after (converted into No. 4 drawings) Working hours, hours/sheet, working hours for design drawings before and after standardization (process preparation, tracing, quota formulation), yuan/hour. B.1.2 Adopt product series design to reduce the amount of drawings and the cost of preparing process documents. J = Z (Q.-Q)T,Fg
In the formula, , - Reducing the amount of drawings and the cost of preparing process documents , yuan/year, T.-
---Working hours per sheet of design (or "art") drawing file (converted into No. 4 drawing), hours/sheet: design drawing (process preparation, tracing, quota formulation ）, RMB/hour: i=1, 2. n represents drawing, tracing, process preparation, etc. B.1.3 Savings on copying costs of drawings and process documents after adopting standard design J - Q.Qa( D,+ Q,D,)
-Annual savings in drawing and file duplication fees, yuan/year, Q,-Reduction in the number of products and parts, units/year, pieces/year; Qp.
Dp, Di-
-Number of base drawings (converted into No. 4 drawings), sheets/set, sheets/piece! -Number of blueprints copied from each base drawing, sheets/sheet: -Number of base drawings of No. 4 paper B.2 Savings in material costs
Where:
Savings obtained by implementing standards, reducing raw material consumption quotas or using cheap raw materials, =Qr (eDe -eeDel)
-Annual savings in raw material costs, yuan/year; Q,-Annual output of standardized products, pieces/year; er e
- Raw material consumption quota before and after standardization, kg/piece;- Raw material unit price before and after standardization, yuan/official hall. B.2.2 Implementing standards and improving the utilization rate of raw materials* Listed here are Some main formulas for calculating the economic effect of standard dilution are supplemented by the situation of each profession. (H2)
Where:
Ren、 Ret-
GB 8583.1--83| |tt||1,=Q(R.-R,)(DD)
Annual consumption of raw materials after standardization, public hall/year, raw material utilization rate before and after standardization, %
Raw materials Unit price, yuan/kg
Unit price of scraps, yuan/kg.
B.3 Saving of fuel and power
Where:
Implementing standards, energy-consuming equipment Fuel and power saving J = aQ(W,TR-W T)
Tau, Tat
Annual savings of fuel and power, yuan/year,
Number, units, pieces,
Unit price of fuel and power,/ Units, yuan/kg; Equipment utilization factor:
Rated power of a single device or product before and after standardization, thousands: - Equipment operation or product use time before and after standardization, hours/year. B.3 .2. Implement the standard and improve the thermal efficiency of the equipment. Savings obtained by d = (n-no) WDRTa
Where nu, m
thermal efficiency of the equipment before and after standardization, power of energy-consuming equipment, watts, kg/hour; unit consumption ratio of fuel or power, kg/kWh, kg/kg, T
operation time of energy-consuming equipment, hours/year.
B.3.3 Implement the standard and reduce the unit consumption ratio of fuel or power. Savings obtained by J = W ThDr(Rau - Ra,)
Where Ro, Ra—
unit consumption ratio of fuel or power before and after standardization, kg/kWh, kg/kg. B.4 Savings in product and process equipment manufacturing B.4.1 Savings obtained by replacing special parts with standard parts and universal parts J = Q, L (C. - Cu)(Ra- R) + (C, -CP)(Rr- RTo)) where
is the annual saving of product and process equipment manufacturing costs, yuan/year Q1 is the total number of process equipment parts, pieces/year C.
is the cost of special parts, yuan/piece!
is the cost of standard parts, yuan/piece1
is the cost of universal parts, a few pieces,
Rtu Rri
is the coefficient of the number of standard parts before and after standardization, % is the coefficient of the number of universal parts before and after standardization, %. B.4.2 Savings from using standard parts to reduce process equipment JA=QF
Wherein: Q is the number of sets of process equipment saved, set/year (B5)
GB 3533.1—83
F is the half-average cost of each set of process equipment, Yuan/set. B.5 Savings from implementing standards to improve product quality B.5.1 Savings from extending product life
=QT(Tm
—Annual savings from extending product life, hours/year Q
—Annual output of products after standardization, pieces/year, units/year; Tm, T—product life before and after standardization, hours/piece, hours/unit, Co. Ci-
product cost before and after standardization, components, yuan/unit. When the product cost before and after standardization remains unchanged, use the following formula J=Q,C
where C-
product cost, yuan/piece, yuan/unit.
B.5.2 Savings from reducing defective products
J = Q, (Rb, - R1) (CI - 7h)
--Annual savings from reducing defective products, yuan/year, RR-defective product rate before and after standardization,
Z--residual value of defective products, yuan/piece, unit. B.5.3 Savings from improving repairable products
J,-Q(RA-R)(C - Hz)
Rio, Rh
Annual savings from repairable products, yuan/year, total number of defective products per year, pieces/year, unit/year, repairable product rate before and after standardization, %
Operation and repair costs of repairable products, yuan/piece, yuan/unit. B.5.4
1 Savings from improving first-class or graded products
1 = QI(RI- R)((D,-D) -(GT -C)) In the formula:
Di, Du
Annual savings from improving the first-grade product rate, yuan/year; first-grade product rate before and after standardization, ring;, unit price of second-grade products, yuan/piece, yuan/unit. B, Savings from reasonable simplification of varieties and specifications
B.6.1 Savings obtained by changing the number of varieties or parts J-QCo-F.,( 1-
In the formula, one is the annual savings from reasonable simplification of varieties and specifications, yuan/year, one is the annual output of simplified varieties and specifications, pieces/year, C
The cost of each product before reasonable simplification of varieties and specifications, yuan/piece!) + (ha-F
GB3533.1B3
FF, one is the material cost of each product before and after reasonable simplification of varieties and specifications, yuan/piece: Qp, Qp ---
The number of product varieties before and after the reasonable simplification of variety specifications, representing the influence coefficient of the change of variety output on manufacturing cost (α is taken as 0.2~0.5 according to the commercial product). B.6.2 Savings obtained from increased production of products or parts Jo- Qr (Ch-F.) (1 -
Formula tJa-
Annual savings obtained from increased production, yuan/year: +(fr -f.7
(Q1/Q,)*
Q-Annual output of products before reasonable simplification of variety specifications, pieces/pieces1
(Q1/Q)2)
.(B17)
The ratio of the manufacturing cost of each product before and after the increase in production or before and after the simplification of varieties,
(Q1/Q,)) (1
B.7 Savings in manufacturing labor costs
The savings obtained when the fixed frequency is reduced by 1J =Qi(euFm -eg F)
Where:
". 一一Annual saving of manufacturing labor cost, yuan/year, Q
一Annual output after standardization, pieces/year,
Rated labor time before and after standardization, hour/piece, F Fy-
一Hour labor cost before and after standardization, yuan/hour. B.8 Savings of depreciation
The saving rate of manufacturing cost of each product before and after production increase or before and after variety simplification, also known as the saving factor of unit product manufacturing cost. (H18)
Savings obtained by increasing product output after standardization and reducing depreciation cost per unit product Jz =Q
Where:
Fzo, Fzr -
Annual savings in depreciation, yuan/year,
Annual depreciation before and after standardization, yuan/year: Q., Q1—Annual output before and after standardization, pieces/year. B.9 Savings in indirect costs (including workshop expenses and enterprise management fees) B.9.1 When the increase in production is small and the indirect costs do not change, the savings obtained by reducing the indirect costs allocated per unit of product H
In the formula:
QoQr -
Annual savings in indirect costs, yuan/year; Annual indirect costs before and after standardization, yuan/year Annual output before and after standardization, pieces/vehicle. (B19)4
1Savings from improving first-grade or graded products
1 = QI(RI- R)((D,-D) -(GT -C))Where:
Di, Du
Annual savings from improving first-grade product rate, Yuan/year; first-grade product rate before and after standardization, ring; unit price of second-grade products, Yuan/piece, Yuan/unit. B. Savings from reasonable simplification of varieties and specifications
B.6.1 Savings obtained from changes in the number of varieties of products or parts J-QCo-F.,( 1-
In the formula, --annual savings from reasonable simplification of varieties and specifications, yuan/year, 1-annual output of simplified products with simplified varieties and specifications, pieces/year, C
-cost of each product before reasonable simplification of varieties and specifications, yuan/piece!)+(ha-F
GB3533.1B3
FF, --material cost of each product before and after reasonable simplification of varieties and specifications, yuan/piece: Qp, Qp ---
-number of product varieties before and after reasonable simplification of varieties and specifications, representing the influence coefficient of variety output) on manufacturing cost (α is taken as 0.2~0.5 according to the commercial product). B.6.2 Savings from increased production of products or partsJo- Qr (Ch-F.) (1 -
Formula tJa-
Annual savings from increased production, yuan/year: +(fr -f.7
(Q1/Q,)*
Q-Annual output of products before reasonable simplification of varieties and specifications, pieces/piece1
(Q1/Q)2)
.(B17)
The ratio of the manufacturing cost of each product before and after increased production or before and after variety simplification,
(Q1/Q,)）(1
B.7 Savings in manufacturing labor costs
Savings obtained by following the standard and reducing the fixed frequency1J -Qi(euFm -eg F)
Where:
". 一一Annual saving of manufacturing labor cost, yuan/year, Q
一Annual output after standardization, pieces/year,
Rated labor time before and after standardization, hour/piece, F Fy-
一一Hour labor cost before and after standardization, yuan/hour. B.8 Savings of depreciation
The saving rate of manufacturing cost of each product before and after production increase or before and after variety simplification, also known as the saving factor of unit product manufacturing cost. (H18)
Savings obtained by increasing product profit and reducing depreciation cost per unit product after standardization Jz =Q
Where:
Fzo, Fzr -
Annual savings in depreciation, yuan/year,
Annual depreciation before and after standardization, yuan/year: Q., Q1—Annual output before and after standardization, pieces/year. B.9 Savings in indirect costs (including workshop expenses and enterprise management fees) B.9.1 When the increase in production is small and the indirect costs do not change, the savings obtained by reducing the indirect costs allocated per unit of product H
In the formula:
QoQr -
Annual savings in indirect costs, yuan/year; Annual indirect costs before and after standardization, yuan/year Annual output before and after standardization, pieces/vehicle. (B19)4
1Savings from improving first-grade or graded products
1 = QI(RI- R)((D,-D) -(GT -C))Where:
Di, Du
Annual savings from improving first-grade product rate, Yuan/year; first-grade product rate before and after standardization, ring; unit price of second-grade products, Yuan/piece, Yuan/unit. B. Savings from reasonable simplification of varieties and specifications
B.6.1 Savings obtained from changes in the number of varieties of products or parts J-QCo-F.,( 1-
In the formula, --annual savings from reasonable simplification of varieties and specifications, yuan/year, 1-annual output of simplified products with simplified varieties and specifications, pieces/year, C
-cost of each product before reasonable simplification of varieties and specifications, yuan/piece!)+(ha-F
GB3533.1B3
FF, --material cost of each product before and after reasonable simplification of varieties and specifications, yuan/piece: Qp, Qp ---
-number of product varieties before and after reasonable simplification of varieties and specifications, representing the influence coefficient of variety output) on manufacturing cost (α is taken as 0.2~0.5 according to the commercial product). B.6.2 Savings from increased production of products or partsJo- Qr (Ch-F.) (1 -
Formula tJa-
Annual savings from increased production, yuan/year: +(fr -f.7
(Q1/Q,)*
Q-Annual output of products before reasonable simplification of varieties and specifications, pieces/piece1
(Q1/Q)2)
.(B17)
The ratio of the manufacturing cost of each product before and after increased production or before and after variety simplification,
(Q1/Q,)）(1
B.7 Savings in manufacturing labor costs
Savings obtained by following the standard and reducing the fixed frequency1J -Qi(euFm -eg F)
Where:
". 一一Annual saving of manufacturing labor cost, yuan/year, Q
一Annual output after standardization, pieces/year,
Rated labor time before and after standardization, hour/piece, F Fy-
一一Hour labor cost before and after standardization, yuan/hour. B.8 Savings of depreciation
The saving rate of manufacturing cost of each product before and after production increase or before and after variety simplification, also known as the saving factor of unit product manufacturing cost. (H18)
Savings obtained by increasing product profit and reducing depreciation cost per unit product after standardization Jz =Q
Where:
Fzo, Fzr -
Annual savings in depreciation, yuan/year,
Annual depreciation before and after standardization, yuan/year: Q., Q1—Annual output before and after standardization, pieces/year. B.9 Savings in indirect costs (including workshop expenses and enterprise management fees) B.9.1 When the increase in production is small and the indirect costs do not change, the savings obtained by reducing the indirect costs allocated per unit of product H
In the formula:
QoQr -
Annual savings in indirect costs, yuan/year; Annual indirect costs before and after standardization, yuan/year Annual output before and after standardization, pieces/vehicle. (B19)
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