Acoustics—Measurement of sound insulation in buildings and of building elements—Part 14:Guidelines for special situations in the field
Some standard content:
ICS 17.140
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T 19889.14—2010/IS0 140-14:2004 Acoustics
Measurement of sound insulation in buildings and of building elements-Part 14: Guidelines for special situations in the field(ISO 140-14:2004,IDT)
Published on September 2, 2010
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China Administration of Standardization of the People's Republic of China
Implementation on April 1, 2011
GB/T 198B9.14—2010/IS0 140-14:2004 Foreword
Normative references
Technical background
Test report
Appendix A (informative)
Appendix B (informative)
Appendix C (informative)
Appendix) (informative)
Appendix E (informative)
References
Airborne sound insulation
Impact sound
Examples of suitable positions of loudspeakers, impactors and microphonesCombinations of impactor position and microphone positionExplanation of terms
CB/T 19889.14-—2010/1SO 140-14:2004 GB/T19889 Acoustic buildings and building elements sound insulation measurement is divided into the following parts: Part 1: Laboratory test facilities requirements for lateral sound transmission suppression: Part 2: Determination, verification and application of data precision: Part 3: Laboratory test of airborne sound insulation of building elements: Part 4: Field measurement of airborne sound insulation between rooms - Part 5: Field measurement of airborne sound insulation of exterior wall elements and exterior walls; Part 6: Laboratory measurement of floor impact sound insulation: - Part 7: Field measurement of floor impact sound insulation; Part 8: Laboratory measurement of impact sound improvement of heavy standard floor coverings: Part 10: Laboratory measurement of airborne sound insulation of small building elements; - Part 14: Special field measurement guidelines. This part is GB/T19889 Part 14. This part is equivalent to IS0140-14:2004 Acoustic buildings and building elements sound insulation measurement Part 14: Special field measurement guidelines. This part makes some editorial changes to TSO 140-14;2004 according to the requirements of GB/T1.1. Appendices A, B, C, D and E of this part are informative appendices. This part was proposed by the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
This part is under the jurisdiction of the National Industry-University Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC17). The drafting units of this part: China Academy of Building Research, Industry-University Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tongji University, Hunan Academy of Building Research, Southeast University, Nanjing University.
The main drafters of this part: Tan Hua, Tuo Yadong, Zhong Xiangzhang, Wang Jiqing, Yu Zhengyan, Liu Xiaotu, Mo Qixue, Fu Xiuzhang, Lin Jie, Xu Xin. 1 Scope
GB/T 19B89.14—2010/IS0 140-14:2004 Acoustics—Determination of sound insulation of buildings and building elements
Part 14, Guidance for special field measurements
This part of GB/T 19889 specifies field measurements involving airborne sound insulation and impact sound insulation. This part supplements GB/T 19889.4 and GB/T 19889.7 and gives guidance for sound insulation measurements under special field conditions not directly covered in GB/T 19889.4 and GB/T 19889.7. Note: Standards GB/T19889.4 and GB/T19889.7 (collectively referred to as basic standards) specify the measurement methods under ideal on-site cases in detail, but do not provide information on how to make appropriate measurement settings in non-rectangular rooms and rooms with a large difference in size from ordinary rooms, and do not provide measurement guidelines for large rooms, long rooms, stairs and closed rooms. The formulation and application of this part will help improve the reproducibility of on-site acoustic measurements of general buildings, and avoid time-consuming selection considerations at the actual measurement site, making the implementation of measurements under special on-site conditions more standardized.
This part is mainly used for sound insulation measurements of rooms with a volume of less than 250m in buildings such as residences, schools and hotels. This part is not required to be used when measuring according to GB/T19889.4 and GB/T19889.7 unless otherwise agreed. 2 Normative references
The clauses in the following documents become the clauses of this part through reference to this part of GB/T19889. For any dated referenced document, all subsequent amendments (excluding errata) or revisions are not applicable to this part, however, parties reaching an agreement based on this part are encouraged to study whether the latest versions of these documents can be used. For any undated referenced document, the latest version applies to this part.
GB/T19889.4·2005 Acoustic buildings and building elements sound insulation measurement Part 4: Field measurement of airborne sound insulation between rooms (ISO140-4:1998 IDT)
GB/T19889.7-2005 Acoustic buildings and building elements sound insulation measurement Part 7: Field measurement of floor rubbing sound insulation (ISO 140-7:1998, IDT)
3 Technical background
This part is based on Nord Testing Technical Report 203 (NT Technical Report 203 Acoustic Performance Measurement of Buildings Chapter Additional Guide, 1992-11 passed), and this part absorbs the essence of the content of the technical report. Note The original text is based on the technical report IS0/TR 110-13; 1997 Sound insulation measurement of buildings and building elements Part 13, Guide 3. ISO/TR140-13 is Nord Test Technical Report 203, which was withdrawn in 2007. This part is formulated based on certain theoretical research, experimental investigation results and a large amount of field measurement experience. This part gives a schematic diagram of an example of a suitable measurement setup. Under most field conditions, a suitable measurement setup can be established by referring to the example. Considering that the suitable measurement setup on site may not be exactly the same as the example, this part lists the schematic diagram of the example as an informative appendix. The positions indicated in the schematic diagram are the schematic positions for placing loudspeakers and microphones. Each position should meet the requirements of GB/T19889.4 for all distances, including the distance between the loudspeaker and the room interface. The schematic diagram listed in this part does not include all situations, and the unlisted content may be supplemented in the future. Note: The following two situations may be inconsistent with the basic standard. a) In the method of measuring airborne sound insulation in GB/T19889.4, it is assumed that the sound field of the source room and the receiving room is approximately a diffuse sound field, so the microphone positions are required to be evenly distributed throughout the indoor space. For example, if the sound source room is a long narrow corridor with a sound-absorbing ceiling and floor carpet, then the sound pressure level attenuation from one end to the other is considerable, possibly 10dB to 20dB. According to the provisions of GB/T19889.4, in principle, measurements cannot be made. Because the average sound pressure level in the room has lost its meaning when the sound field does not diffuse and the sound pressure level attenuates greatly, in this case, if measurements are required, this part recommends that the sound source be placed at a certain maximum distance from the common partition wall of the sound source room and the receiving room, that is, a "virtual finite volume sound source room space" close to the common partition wall in the corridor is determined according to this guideline. b) When measuring impact sound insulation on site under the condition that the floor area of the sound source room is large, the results obtained according to this part and the basic standard may be different. According to this part, the impact position of the impactor on the floor of the sound source room is not It is advisable to keep away from the receiving room, as this may result in the sound pressure level in the receiving room being higher than the value measured according to GB/T 19889.7 in some cases, because GB/T 19889.7 requires that the impactor positions be evenly distributed over the entire floor surface of the sound source room. 4 Test report
The test report shall include the test report information specified in GB/T 19889.4 and GB/T 19889.7. When measuring according to this guideline, it is advisable to explain in the column "Brief description of measurement steps and measuring instruments" (see GB/T 19889.4-2005, Chapter 9, Item i and GB/T 19889.7-2005, Chapter 8, Item h) in the test report.And briefly describe all the deviations from the requirements of GB/T 19889.4 or GB/T 19889.7 in the measurement details and reports. 5 Appendix
This part covers two different application areas: airborne sound insulation and impact sound insulation. In order to facilitate practical application, this part lists examples of suitable measurement settings in the appendix in the form of graphical diagrams or with graphical explanations. The informative appendices are Appendix A to Appendix E.
A.1 General
This appendix is a supplement to GB/T 19889.4. Appendix Awww.bzxz.net
(Informative Appendix)
Airborne sound insulation
GE/T19889.142010/IS0140-14:2004 The common partitions separating the source room and the receiving room are called "common partitions", which can be partitions or floors. In the horizontal and vertical measurements, the entire surface of the partition is collectively referred to as the "partition" (see the appendix for explanations of these terms). A.2 Overview
A.2.1 Measurement frequency range
Sound insulation measurements should use a 1/3 octave filter, and the minimum frequency range for measurement is 100 Hz to 3150 Hz. The frequency range used in this appendix is 100 Hz to 3150 Hz. However, the basic principles of the guide are also applicable to the measurements of frequencies between 50 Hz and 80 Hz and 4000 Hz to 5000 Hz made in accordance with Appendix D of GB/T 19889.4. This appendix is applicable to 1/3 octave and octave measurements. A, 2. 2 Room conditions
The volume of the room should not exceed 250m3. However, the sound insulation measurement between two rooms that do not meet this condition can also refer to this part. Directional measurement is only performed in one direction. Usually the larger room is selected as the sound source room. If one room is a regular room and the other room has a complex geometry, the regular room should be used as the receiving room, even if the regular room is the larger room of the two. Note that according to GB/T19889.4, two measurements can be performed alternately in opposite directions and the average value is taken. However, two-way measurement is quite time-consuming. Because two complete sets of equipment need to be built, and the reverberation time needs to be measured twice. For vertical measurements, the lower room should be selected as the sound source room. If non-directional speakers are used and the speakers are placed above the floor at a sufficient distance from the ground to avoid the influence of direct sound, the upper room can also be used as the sound source room. Vertical portable speakers should be placed on soft materials to prevent solid sound from being transmitted to the floor. When calculating the sound insulation, the volume of the receiving room and the common partition area are required. The volume of objects in the receiving room composed of non-sound-absorbing surfaces should be deducted from the total volume. Objects such as wardrobes, cupboards and pipe shafts. If the common room partition wall is equipped with cabinets, closets and other objects that cover part of the partition wall area, there is no need to deduct the area. A, 2.3 Number of microphone and speaker positions Table A.1 lists the recommended numbers of microphone and speaker positions in the source room and receiving room. Table A.1 Number of microphone and speaker positions determined according to the floor area of the source room and receiving room Measurement setting
Floor area of the room
50~100
Speaker (source room)
Note: The values in brackets are the values of the measurement room Total number of positions of internal sound pressure suffixes. Number of microphone and loudspeaker positions
Fixed microphones
10<10)
15(15)
Rotating microphones
When the floor area is less than 50m2, if the requirement of at least 1.4m between two loudspeakers specified in GB/T19889.4 can be met, the same 5 fixed microphone positions or the same rotating microphone scanning path (measurement setup A) can be used for the two loudspeaker positions; otherwise, measurement setup B should be used. m*~100 m2, two loudspeaker positions should be used, but the same five fixed microphone positions or opposite rotating microphone scanning paths cannot be used for the two loudspeaker positions, that is, a total of 10 fixed microphone positions or 2 rotating microphone positions are required (measurement setup B).
In order to obtain the highest possible accuracy under all measurement conditions, it is generally recommended to use measurement equipment B. This also applies to rooms with an area of less than 50m2, which is particularly important for rectangular or similar rooms. When the floor area is greater than 100m2, 3 speaker positions, 15 fixed microphone positions or 3 rotating microphone positions are recommended.
The requirements for sound field sampling in the source room and receiving room are the same as GB/T19889.4, that is, the fixed microphone positions are evenly distributed within the allowable space. If a mobile microphone is used, it is necessary to sample evenly in all possible spaces. For small rooms with a volume of less than 10m3, fixed microphone positions are used for measurement, and the number of measurement positions is equal to the total number of non-relevant positions. A.2.4 Horizontal measurement
Appendix C Examples 1 to 14 (symbols see C. 2) Provides examples of suitable positions of loudspeakers and microphones for horizontal measurements. After taking into account the minimum distance specified in GB/T19&89.4, the loudspeaker position should generally be as close as possible to the two corners opposite the common partition wall in the sound source room. For a sound source room with a floor area of 50m2, the distance between the loudspeaker and the common partition wall shall not exceed 2.5 times the width of the partition wall in the sound source room or 10 m, that is, not more than the shortest distance between the two (see Appendix C Example 1 Example 2 and Example 3). If the floor area of the sound source room becomes limited (see Example 2), the number of loudspeaker and microphone positions can be selected from Table A.1 according to the limited area available. If the sound transmission through the lateral walls or lateral retaining structures is significant, the loudspeaker should not be placed close to the member. A.2.5 Vertical measurement
Appendix C Examples 15 to 28 (see C.2 for symbols) provide examples of suitable positions of loudspeakers and microphones for vertical measurements. After considering the minimum distance specified in GB/T 19889.4, the loudspeaker position should generally be as close to the corner of the room as possible. If the sound transmission through the lateral walls or lateral retaining structures is significant, the loudspeaker should not be placed close to the member. If the receiving room is smaller than the sound source room and the floor area of the sound source room exceeds 50m, the loudspeaker should not be placed close to the common room (see Appendix C Examples 21, 23 and 25). A.3 Unconventional rooms
A.3.1 Rooms with partially broken walls
For rooms with partially broken walls, if the opening area of the partition is less than or equal to one-third of the cross-sectional area of the room where it is located, as a general rule, the room is considered to be two separate rooms. However, if it is more appropriate to consider the room as a whole, measurement setup B should be used. The loudspeakers should be positioned so that the sound radiation completely covers the entire common partition wall as far as possible (it is best if the entire common partition wall can be seen from both loudspeaker positions). The above principle also applies to the case where the height of the room partition wall is less than the room height. Examples of horizontal measurements between rooms with partially broken walls are shown in Appendix C, Examples 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13. If one or both rooms in the vertical measurement have a partial partition wall, the same principles as for horizontal measurements should be used (see Appendix C, Examples 26, 27, 28, 30, and 31). It is best to close the opening between the two coupled rooms with plywood or plasterboard to form a defined room. A.3.2 Damped rooms
In large, heavily damped rooms (short reverberation time), the sound level will decay significantly with increasing distance from the source. Example: A long corridor with an acoustically absorptive ceiling and carpeted floor. In heavily damped receiving rooms, it is necessary to limit the volume of the receiving room used for sound pressure level sampling, and not include those parts of the receiving room where the sound pressure level is 6B or more lower than the reference position near the common partition. Reference position for horizontal measurements: 1.5 m above the floor 0.5 m from the center of the common partition; reference position for vertical measurements: 1.5 m above the center of the common partition (see explanation of terms in Appendix E).
After turning on the loudspeakers in the source room, the sound pressure level decay can be estimated by measuring the A-weighted sound pressure level on the dial at the reference position and at increasing distances from that position using a portable sound level meter. This part of the volume of the receiving room is used to measure and calculate the sound insulation. In a strongly damped sound source room, the sound pressure level decay from the position 1 m in front of the sound source to the position 0.5 m in front of the common partition (reference position) should not exceed 6 days. Otherwise, the loudspeaker should be moved to a position closer to the partition. A.3.3 Staggered Rooms
If the rooms are staggered and the floor area of the source room exceeds 50m2, the loudspeakers should be placed in the source room close to the common partition.
For vertical measurements - the distance between the loudspeaker and the end wall (see Appendix F) should not exceed 2.5 times the width of the source room or 10m1, that is, not more than the shortest distance between the two (see Appendix C Examples 17, 21 and 23). For horizontal measurements, if the width of the common partition is less than one-half of the width of the inner wall of the source room, the distance between the loudspeaker positions should be reduced to approximately 2.5 times the width of the common partition (this is relevant when the receiving room is much smaller than the source room, or when the rooms are staggered). When placing loudspeakers close to the common partition area, the distance between their positions should not be less than 10m (see Appendix C Examples 4 and 5). It is advisable to avoid selecting the loudspeaker position on the symmetry of the room. If the two rooms are completely staggered (no common partition), the distance between the two loudspeaker positions should not be reduced (see Appendix C Example 6).
Examples of vertical measurements are omitted here. Example 17, Example 18 and Example 15. A.3.4 Rooms with very complex geometry
The guidelines do not contain specific regulations for rooms with very complex geometry (e.g. rooms with open plan, rooms in split-level dwellings). These rooms consist of more or less several combined spaces. In these cases, it is almost impossible to define the volume of the receiving room and the area of the common partitions. In addition, the choice of loudspeaker and microphone positions is usually difficult. The basic principle in this case is to place the loudspeakers in the area of the house close to the defined common partitions. Usually 3 to 4 loudspeaker positions are required. The microphone positions in the receiving room should be evenly distributed within the maximum space allowed by the measurement base, see GB/T19889.4. The volume of the receiving signal should be defined according to the 6dB method specified in A.3.2. A.4 Door Measurement
A. 4.1 Loudspeaker and Microphone Position
Generally speaking, one side of the door can be considered as the outdoors (e.g., the side facing the corridor or stairwell). In this case, the corridor or stairwell should be used as the sound source room, and two loudspeakers should be used. The loudspeakers should be placed on the ground at the corner of the door in the sound source room. They should not be placed close to the door or the wall where the door is installed. When using a fixed microphone for measurement, the sound source room and the receiving room should both use 5 positions. When using a rotating microphone for measurement, the sound source room and the receiving room should both use 1 position. Note! When the microphone is installed at the door between two regular rooms (e.g., guest rooms or classrooms) and it is impossible to define indoor and outdoor, the above principles also apply. A.4.2 Doors between corridors and rooms (e.g. hall entrances) In corridors, the spacing between loudspeaker locations should be about 6 meters. The selected locations should avoid symmetry. For example, one location can be 2.5 meters to the right of the door, while the other location can be 3.5 meters to the left of the door (see Example 14 in Appendix C). A.4.3 Doors between stairwells and rooms
In narrow stairwells without suitable wall corners, the loudspeakers should be placed on the upper and lower floors of the stairs, either on the steps or on the landing.
A.4.4 Measurement of sound insulation of doors in buildings First, measure the apparent sound insulation of the door.
Measure according to 4.1 to 4.3 of GB/T19889.4-2005. The apparent sound volume R of the door is determined by formula (A.1): Ra=Lt-L2+10lg(Sd/A)
Where:
Ra——apparent sound volume of the door, in decibels (dB)+L1——average sound pressure level in the sound source room, in decibels (dB); L2——average sound pressure level in the receiving room, in decibels (dB); A…sound absorption in the receiving room, in square meters (m2); Sa——opening area for installing doors and door frames, in square meters (m2). ..
*+++ (A l)
GB/[19889.14-2010/1S0140-14:2004If all sounds are transmitted through the door opening area Sa, then R. That is, the sound insulation of the door is. Otherwise, the size should be adjusted
, and sound insulation measures should be taken to greatly improve the sound insulation at the door to test the lateral sound transmission. After taking sound insulation measures, the apparent sound volume R at the door is determined by formula (A.2):
Rd—L—L + 10Ig(S/A)
Wherein: L1 and L2 are the average sound levels of the source room and the receiving room after taking sound insulation measures, respectively, in decibels (dB). (A.2
Note, assuming that the sound insulation measures taken are ideal, that is, the sound transmission through the door after the sound insulation measures is negligible compared with the lateral sound transmission through the surrounding solid body and other channels,
Comparing formula (A.1) and formula (A.2), one of the following three situations may occur: a) R Ra 15 dE
At this time, the sound insulation of the door obtained by formula (A,1) is correct and no correction is required. b) dB2004If all sounds are transmitted through the door opening area Sa, then R. is the sound insulation of the door. Otherwise, the size should be adjusted. Sound insulation measures should be taken to greatly improve the sound insulation at the door to test the lateral sound transmission. The apparent sound volume R at the door after taking sound insulation measures is determined by formula (A.2): Rd-L-L + 10Ig(S/A) Where: L1 and L2 are the average sound levels of the source room and the receiving room after taking sound insulation measures, respectively, in decibels (dB). (A.2
Note, assuming that the sound insulation measures taken are ideal, that is, the sound transmission through the door after the sound insulation measures is negligible compared with the lateral sound transmission through the surrounding solid body and other channels,
Comparing formula (A.1) and formula (A.2), one of the following three situations may occur: a) R Ra 15 dE
At this time, the sound insulation of the door obtained by formula (A,1) is correct and no correction is required. b) dB2004If all sounds are transmitted through the door opening area Sa, then R. is the sound insulation of the door. Otherwise, the size should be adjusted. Sound insulation measures should be taken to greatly improve the sound insulation at the door to test the lateral sound transmission. The apparent sound volume R at the door after taking sound insulation measures is determined by formula (A.2): Rd-L-L + 10Ig(S/A) Where: L1 and L2 are the average sound levels of the source room and the receiving room after taking sound insulation measures, respectively, in decibels (dB). (A.2
Note, assuming that the sound insulation measures taken are ideal, that is, the sound transmission through the door after the sound insulation measures is negligible compared with the lateral sound transmission through the surrounding solid body and other channels,
Comparing formula (A.1) and formula (A.2), one of the following three situations may occur: a) R Ra 15 dE
At this time, the sound insulation of the door obtained by formula (A,1) is correct and no correction is required. b) dB
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