This standard defines the terminology of braking devices for railway vehicles. This standard is applicable to standards, technical documents and scientific publications related to railway vehicles. GB/T 4549.3-2004 Vocabulary of railway vehicles Part 3: Braking devices GB/T4549.3-2004 Standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net

ICS 01.040.45;45.060.20
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T4549.3--2004
Replaces GB/T 4549.3—1984
Railway vehicle vocabulary--Part 3; Brake equipments2004-06-11 release
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China Standardization Administration of China
2004-12-01 implementation
GB/T4549 Vocabulary of railway vehicles\ is divided into eleven parts: Part 1: Basic vocabulary,
Part 2: Running gear;
- Part 3: Braking device:
- Part 4: Coupler buffer and windshield device: Part 5: Carbody;
Part 6: Doors, windows and their lifting and closing devices: Part 7 Heating, ventilation and air conditioning equipment:- Part 8: Water supply and drainage equipment;
· Part 9· Electrical equipment
- Part 10: Passenger car ancillary equipment:
Part 11: Special freight car ancillary equipment. This part is Part 3 of GB/T 4549.3-1984 "Railway Vehicle Terminology". This part replaces GB/T 4549.3-1984 "Railway Vehicle Terminology Braking Device". The main changes of this part compared with GB/T 4549.3-1984 are as follows: "safety valve", "working air cylinder", "acceleration relief air cylinder" and other terms are added; "PM type air brake" and other 14 terms are deleted; "hand brake" is changed to "manpower brake"; the definitions of 15 terms such as "brake" are revised; "Appendix A", "Chinese Index", "English Index" and "References" are added; some references and Chinese and English equivalents in the original standard are deleted in Appendix A; GB/T 4549.3-2004
-In Appendix A, reference figures of devices such as "120 type freight car air control valve" and "F8 distribution valve" and the Chinese and English equivalents of related terms are added;
The contents of "air brake (1)" and "hand brake (2)" are revised. Appendix A of this part is a normative appendix. In Appendix A, some reference drawings of the following devices and the corresponding English words of the relevant names are given:
Air brake
-Car body basic brake device;
-Manpower brake;
-104 type air distribution valve;
-120 type freight car air control valve;
-Safety valve;
-F8 distribution valve:
Emergency brake valve:
.-Relief valve
·…Spinning brake cylinder.
This part is proposed by the Ministry of Railways of the People's Republic of China. GB/r 4549.3-2004
This part is under the jurisdiction of the Standardization and Metrology Research Institute of the Ministry of Railways. The drafting units of this part are: Meishan Rolling Stock Works, Standardization and Metrology Research Institute of the Ministry of Railways, Beijing Erqi Rolling Stock Works, Changchun Passenger Car Works, Qiqiyul Railway Rolling Stock (Group) Co., Ltd., and Sifang Rolling Stock Research Institute. The main drafters of this part are: Wang Hong, Ding Yunying, Xiao Qianyou, Sun Yan, Qi Bing, Zhang Wei, and Zhang Xiufen. This part was first published in 1984, and this revision is the first revision. 1 Scope
Vocabulary of rolling stock
Part 3: Braking device
This standard defines the terms of braking device of rolling stock. This standard is applicable to standards, technical documents and scientific and technological publications related to rolling stock. 2 Braking performance
Braking
The effect of applying external force to slow down a vehicle or train, or to prevent its acceleration tendency. 2.2wwW.bzxz.Net
Release
The effect of releasing the brake.
Friction braking
Friction braking
A braking method that converts the kinetic energy of a vehicle into heat energy by solid friction or fluid friction. 2. 4
Dynamic beaking
A braking method that does not rely on frictional heat to transfer the kinetic energy of the vehicle. 2.5
Adhesion braking
A braking method that generates braking force through the adhesion of the wheel-rail rolling contact point. 2.6
Non-adhesion braking
Non-adhesion braking
A braking method that does not generate braking force through the adhesion of the wheel-rail rolling contact point. 2.7
Service brake
Brakes used to adjust the running speed of a train or to stop the train at a predetermined location. 2.8
Emergency brake
Emergency brake application
Brakes used to decelerate a train quickly and bring it to an emergency stop within the shortest distance. 2.9
Lecal reduction
Local decompression
GB/T 4549.3—2004
The decompression of compressed air in the train pipe caused by the distribution valve (or three-way valve) at the beginning of braking to promote the action of the distribution valve (or three-way valve) of the adjacent vehicle.
Local decompression (emergency braking effect) Quick service distribution valve (or three-way valve) when approaching or in the service brake position or in the service brake position. GB/T 4549.3—2004
Emergency local relief quick action
Local decompression effect of the distribution valve (or two-way valve) in the emergency braking position. 2. 12
Spontaneous leakage
Decompression of compressed air in the train pipe caused by brake leakage. 2.13
Brake propagation
The phenomenon of the transmission of the braking effect of the air brakes of each vehicle from front to back when the train brakes. 2. 14
Release propagation
The phenomenon of the transmission of the release effect of the air brakes of each vehicle from front to back when the train releases. 2.15
Brake propagation rateBrake propagation rateThe distance that the brake wave transmits in unit time. 2. 16
Release propagation rateRelease propagation rateThe distance that the release wave transmits in unit time. 2.17
Insensitivity
The performance of the brake machine not to brake when the compressed air in the brake pipe is slowly depressurized to a value not exceeding the specified value. 2.18
Servicestability
The performance of the brake machine not to brake in emergency during normal braking. 2.19
Sensitivity
Fsensitivity
The performance of the brake machine to brake within a certain period of time when the compressed air in the brake pipe is depressurized at a certain depressurization speed or a certain depressurization amount.
Brakingforcebrakingforce
The external force generated by the brake device during braking, caused by wheel-rail adhesion (rail or magnet attraction), the size of which can be controlled artificially, and the direction of the vehicle's running direction. 2.21
Brakingtimebrakingtine
The time from the moment the driver operates the brake valve to apply the brake to the moment the train decelerates to the predetermined speed. 2.22
Tree running time
A calculation assumption. It is assumed that after the driver starts braking, the train runs at the initial braking speed without any braking force.
Actual braking timeA calculation assumption. It is assumed that after the tree running time, the train decelerates under the sudden action of the predetermined braking force. 2.24
Braking distance
The distance the train runs during the braking time. 2.25
Free running distanceFree running distanceThe distance the train runs during the tree running time. 2.26
Actual braking distance
Actual braking distance
The distance the train runs during the actual braking time. 2.27
calculated braking distance
the sum of the empty distance and the actual braking distance.
braking ratio
the ratio of the total brake shoe pressure of the vehicle to the weight of the vehicle. 2.29
empty braking ratio
empty braking ratio
the braking ratio of the vehicle under unladen weight. 2.30
luad braking ratio
the braking ratio of the vehicle under gross weight
hand brake braking ratiohand brake braking ratiothe difference between the total brake shoe pressure of the vehicle and the weight of the vehicle when braking. 2.32
axle braking ratio
the ratio of the total brake shoe pressure of the brake axle to the weight of the axle. The weight refers to the sum of the axle load and the deadweight of the wheelset. 2.33
brakingleverage
The ratio of the theoretical brake total pressure to the thrust of the brake cylinder piston when the braking efficiency is 100%. 2. 34
brakingefficiency
The ratio of the actual brake shoe total pressure to the theoretical brake shoe total pressure. 2.35
average retardationrateaverage retardationrateThe ratio of the difference between the final braking speed and the initial braking speed to the time of the deceleration process. 2.36
initial speed at brake applicationThe speed of the train at the moment when the driver operates the brake valve to apply braking. 2.37
Magnetic rail brake
GB/T 4549.32004
When braking, the electromagnet is lowered to the rail surface and the exciting current is connected, so that the electromagnet is adsorbed on the rail with a certain suction force to generate friction resistance GB/T4549.3--2004
brake.
Eddy current brake During braking, the relative movement between the electromagnet and the rail after excitation is used to generate eddy current resistance on the rail to brake. 2.39
Electro-pneumatic brake is a brake that uses a telegraph bow to operate an air brake device. 3Brake equipment
Brake equipmentbrake equipment
A complete set of mechanisms composed of parts and components that play a braking role on a vehicle. Usually includes brake machine, basic brake device, and human brake machine. 3.2
Basic brake rigging
In the brake device, a complete set of cup connection devices used to transmit and expand the braking force. Usually includes the car body foundation brake device and the bogie foundation brake device. 3.3
Car body foundation brake rigging is a component of the basic brake device between the front lever and the equalizing rod or the upper rod. 3.4
Bogie foundation brake rigging is installed on the bogie and is a component of the basic brake device that performs the braking function. [GB/T4549.2—2004 definition 6.]
4 Pressure balancing mechanism
Two-pressure mechanism two-pressure equalizing system The working principle of a distribution valve. A mechanism that uses the pressure difference or pressure balance formed by the two sides of a piston, the train pipe side and the auxiliary air cylinder or pressure air cylinder side, to act. 4.2
Three-pressure mechanism three-pressure equalizing system The working principle of a distribution valve. A mechanism that uses the pressure difference or pressure balance between the train pipe, brake cylinder, constant pressure air cylinder or constant pressure spring to generate action.
5 Brake
Brake
The part of the brake device that is directly controlled by the driver, usually including the entire mechanism from the brake hose connector to the brake cylinder. 5.2
Man-made brake
aanoperatingbrake
In the brake device, the part that uses human power as the original power to generate braking force. 5.3
Mainly includes hand brake, foot brake, etc. Air brake
airbrake
GB/T 4549.3—2004
A brake that uses compressed air as the medium to control the distribution valve (or three-way valve) and as the original power to generate braking force. Vacuum brake
vacuumbrake
is a brake that uses negative pressure air as the control medium and as the driving force to produce braking force. Electro-pneumatic brake is a brake that uses electricity to operate and uses compressed air as the driving force to produce braking force. Automatic air brake
automatic ar brake
is an air brake that produces braking by reducing the pressure of the vehicle pipe and produces relief by increasing the pressure. 6 valves
distributing valve
cuntrul valve
is an important part of the brake that controls the distribution of compressed air to achieve braking and relief. There are mainly 104 type air distribution valve, 120 type truck air control valve, etc. 6.2
Triple valve
is a distribution valve that complies with the brake pipe, auxiliary air cylinder, and brake pipe. 6.3
Safety valve
A valve in the brake machine to ensure that the braking force is not too high. 6.4
Release valve
A valve used to discharge the compressed air in the auxiliary air cylinder or pressure air cylinder to relieve the brake machine. 6.5
Emergency brake valve
A valve installed in the vehicle to apply emergency braking. 7Pipe
Brake pipe
On the vehicle, it is a simple route for delivering compressed or negative pressure air to the brake machine, including brake hose connector, brake adjustment pipe (auxiliary pipe), brake clamp pipe, brake branch pipe, branch pipe signal pipe, etc. 7,2
Brake main pipe
Brake pipe at both ends of the vehicle.
Brake branth pipe
Brake pipe used to connect the brake main pipe with the distribution valve or control valve CB/T 4549.3--2004
Train pipe, train line When the rolling stock is organized into a train, the brake main pipes of the rolling stock are connected to each other to form a pipeline that passes through the front and back to transport compressed or negative pressure air and control each brake.
8 Connectors, dust collectors and gates
Brake hose connectorbrake hose cuuplingComponents composed of brake hoses and hose connectors used to connect the brake main pipes of two adjacent vehicles. 8.2
Dirt collector
Components used to purify compressed air
Ungle cuck
A gate used to open or close the air passage between the brake main pipe and the brake hose connector. 8.4
J cut-oat cock
Cut-off cock
A cock used to open or block the air passage between the distribution valve (or control valve) and the brake main pipe. 8.5
Empty/load changeover cockEmpty/load changeover cockA cock used to switch the compressed air passage according to the state of the loaded or empty vehicle. 9Cylinder and air chamber
Hrake cylinder
In the air brake device, the device that converts air pressure into piston rod thrust. 9.2
Constant pressure cylinder
Constant pressure reservoir
A control cylinder used for the three-pressure distribution system that stores a fixed pressure that does not drop with the temporary decompression of the train. 9.3
Pressure reservoir
Control and distribution cylinder used by indirect two-pressure mechanism distribution valve, whose force rises and falls with the rise and fall of the train pipe repulsion force. 9. 4
Auxiliary reservoir
A container for storing compressed air for braking. 9.5
Supplementary reservoirA container for storing compressed air for emergency braking and for providing a phased relief effect on the brake. 9.6
Operatine reservoir
A container for storing pressurized air and for delivering pressurized air to the volume chamber during braking. 9.7
Accelerated release reservoirA container for providing a source of air for rapid relief when the air control valve of a 120-type truck is accelerated. 9.B
pressure reducing reservoir
pressure reducing chamber
GB/T 4549.3--2004
A container connected to the brake cylinder by a valve for empty and loaded vehicles, used to expand the volume of the brake cylinder to reduce the pressure of the brake cylinder when the vehicle is empty. 10 Others
anti-skid device
Anti-skid device
A device to prevent excessive braking force in adhesion braking and cause the vehicle to slide. 10.2
automatic slack adjaster
Used to adjust the slack of the brake device between the brake cylinder and the brake shoe caused by the wear of the brake shoe or other parts, so as to keep the brake cylinder piston stroke in line with the maximum braking force requirement.
Empty/load adjusting device is a device that increases or decreases the total pressure of the vehicle brake shoe according to the increase or decrease of the total weight of the vehicle to keep the vehicle braking rate at a constant value or change it under various loads. GB/T 4549.3—2004
A, 1 Air brake
A.1.1 Air brake (1)
Appendix A
(Normative Appendix)
Equivalent terms for brake devices
For the reference diagram of the air brake (1), see Figure A.1. For the equivalent terms of the air brake (1), see Table A. 1.13
brake hose connector
brake cylinder
empty/load changeover handle and label
empty/load changeover cuck
pressure reducing reservoirtype 120 freight car air control valveacrelerated relcasu rewetvoirball type angie cock
auxiliary resetvoit
cumbined dirt cullertor
safety valve
brakemainpipe
automatic double-acting slack adjusterA. 1.2 Air brake (2) For the relevant reference drawings of the air brake (2), see Figure A.2. For the equivalent terms of the air brake (2), see Table A.2. 13 Brake hose connector Angle plug Dynamic adjustment book pipe (auxiliary pipe) Brake main pipe Working air cylinder Auxiliary air cylinder Distribution valve Telecentric dust collector Cutting plug Hose connector Hose connector Soft card Dynamic hose Emergency brake valve connecting pipe Pressure loss "Danger Do not move" sign Emergency brake valve Brake cylinder exhaust plug Brake hose coupling
angle cock
brake adjusting pipe
brake main pipe
operating rescrvoir
auxiliary reservour
dislributing valve
cenlrilugal dirt colierton
cutoutcock
hose zinple
tsrake hus couplingse herd!
hose lhr
emergency brake valve pipc
air gauge cock
air gauge
\[anger! Kren aff!\lahel
emergency hrake valve
brake cylinder exhaust cock
brake cylinder
GB/T 4549.3—-20041.13
brake hose connector
brake cylinder
empty/load changeover handle and label
empty/load changeover cuck
pressure reducing reservoirtype 120 freight car air control valveacrelerated relcasu rewetvoirball type angie cock
auxiliary resetvoit
cumbined dirt cullertor
safety valve
brakemainpipe
automatic double-acting slack adjusterA. 1.2 Air brake (2) For the relevant reference drawings of the air brake (2), see Figure A.2. For the equivalent terms of the air brake (2), see Table A.2. 13 Brake hose connector Angle plug Dynamic adjustment book pipe (auxiliary pipe) Brake main pipe Working air cylinder Auxiliary air cylinder Distribution valve Telecentric dust collector Cutting plug Hose connector Hose connector Soft card Dynamic hose Emergency brake valve connecting pipe Pressure loss "Danger Do not move" sign Emergency brake valve Brake cylinder exhaust plug Brake hose coupling
angle cock
brake adjusting pipe
brake main pipe
operating rescrvoir
auxiliary reservour
dislributing valve
cenlrilugal dirt colierton
cutoutcock
hose zinple
tsrake hus couplingse herd!
hose lhr
emergency brake valve pipc
air gauge cock
air gauge
\[anger! Kren aff!\lahel
emergency hrake valve
brake cylinder exhaust cock
brake cylinder
GB/T 4549.3—-20041.13
brake hose connector
brake cylinder
empty/load changeover handle and label
empty/load changeover cuck
pressure reducing reservoirtype 120 freight car air control valveacrelerated relcasu rewetvoirball type angie cock
auxiliary resetvoit
cumbined dirt cullertor
safety valve
brakemainpipe
automatic double-acting slack adjusterA. 1.2 Air brake (2) For the relevant reference drawings of the air brake (2), see Figure A.2. For the equivalent terms of the air brake (2), see Table A.2. 13 Brake hose connector Angle plug Dynamic adjustment book pipe (auxiliary pipe) Brake main pipe Working air cylinder Auxiliary air cylinder Distribution valve Telecentric dust collector Cutting plug Hose connector Hose connector Soft card Dynamic hose Emergency brake valve connecting pipe Pressure loss "Danger Do not move" sign Emergency brake valve Brake cylinder exhaust plug Brake hose coupling
angle cock
brake adjusting pipe
brake main pipe
operating rescrvoir
auxiliary reservour
dislributing valve
cenlrilugal dirt colierton
cutoutcock
hose zinple
tsrake hus couplingse herd!
hose lhr
emergency brake valve pipc
air gauge cock
air gauge
\[anger! Kren aff!\lahel
emergency hrake valve
brake cylinder exhaust cock
brake cylinder
GB/T 4549.3—-2004
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