This standard specifies the terminology, classification, expression of characteristic parameters of torsional vibration dampers and technical information provided by manufacturers to users. This standard applies to vibration dampers of common structural forms in reciprocating internal combustion engine shaft systems. Other forms of vibration dampers can also be used as a reference. GB/T 13437-1992 Description of characteristics of torsional vibration dampers GB/T13437-1992 Standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net

National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Description of torsional vibration absorber characteristics
Subject content and scope of application
GB/T 13437-92
This standard specifies the terminology, classification, expression of characteristic parameters and technical information provided by the manufacturer to users of torsional vibration absorbers (hereinafter referred to as absorbers).
This standard applies to absorbers of commonly used structural forms in the shaft system of reciprocating internal combustion engines (hereinafter referred to as shaft system). Other forms of absorbers can also be used for reference.
2 Reference standards
GB2298 Glossary of mechanical vibration and shock
GB6299 Measurement method for torsional vibration of marine diesel engine shafting ZBJ91005 Limits and measurement method for torsional vibration of internal combustion generator shafting 3 Terms
3.1 Torsional vibration system
A damped (or undamped) system with rotational inertia, torsional stiffness and torsional deformation. Synonym: torsional vibration system.
3.2 Exciting torque
A periodic external torque acting on the torsional vibration system to induce a certain response in the system. 3.3 Simple harmonic order
The number of cycles of sinusoidal vibration generated by the exciting torque per revolution of the crankshaft. 3.4 Static torsional stiffness
The ratio of the increment of external torque applied to the shock absorber to the increment of angular displacement generated by it during the process of slow increase or decrease of torque. Note: Static torsional stiffness is related to the rate of change of torque. When the elastic element of the shock absorber is a rubber part, it is also related to temperature. 3.5 Dynamic torsional stiffness
Under dynamic conditions, the ratio of the increment of the external torque applied to the shock absorber to the increment of the angular displacement it produces. 3.6 Damping coefficient
The ratio of the damping torque produced by the shock absorber to its relative angular velocity. 3.7 Loss coefficient
The loss coefficient (also called relative damping) is defined by formula (1): da = Ws/W.
Where: Wa—damping work done by the shock absorber in each cycle; W. ——The maximum energy stored in the elastic element of the shock absorber in each cycle. Approved by the State Administration of Technical Supervision on April 18, 1992 (1)
Implemented on December 1, 1992
3.8 Dimensionless damping coefficient
Dimensionless damping coefficient X. Defined by formula (2): GB/T 13437-92
Xa= Ta/T
Where: T. - the amplitude of the damping torque generated by the shock absorber; T. - the amplitude of the elastic torque generated by the elastic element of the shock absorber. 3.9 Shock absorber
In the shaft system, a device that can adjust the torsional vibration frequency of the shaft system or dissipate the excitation energy of the shaft system by using the damping factor or has both frequency modulation and damping functions.
3.10 Dynamic shock absorber
In the shaft system, a device that relies on its own dynamic effect to play a vibration reduction role. 3.11 Damping shock absorber
A device that relies on its own damping factor to dissipate the excitation energy of the shaft system. 3.12 Dynamic damping shock absorber
A device that has both the functions of dynamic and damping shock absorbers. Synonym: elastic shock absorber with damping
4 Product classification
4.1 Classification by action principle
The shock absorbers in actual use are classified according to their basic action principle as follows: 4.1.1 Dynamic shock absorber
4.1.1.1 Frequency-modulated shock absorber (elastic shock absorber without damping). 4.1.1.2 Frequency-modulated shock absorber, generally a pendulum shock absorber. 4.1.2 Damping shock absorber
4.1.2.1 Liquid-resistance shock absorber.
4.1.2.2 Dry-resistance shock absorber.
Note: This standard does not make provisions for dry-resistance shock absorbers. 4.1.3 Dynamic damping shock absorber (elastic shock absorber with damping). 4.2 Classification by structural form
The common structural forms and main parameters of shock absorbers are shown in Appendix A (Supplement), and are divided into: 4.2.1 Spring shock absorber (see Figure A1).
Pendulum shock absorber (see Figure A2).
4.2.3 Silicone oil shock absorber (see Figure A3).
Reed silicone oil shock absorber (see Figure A4).
5 Rubber silicone oil shock absorber (see Figure A5).
4.2.6 Coil spring shock absorber (see Figure A6).
4.2.7 Reed lubricating oil shock absorber (see Figure A7), 4.2.8 Press-in rubber shock absorber (see Figure A8). 4.2.9 Vulcanized rubber shock absorber (see Figure A9). 5 Characteristic parameter expression
The characteristic parameters of shock absorbers include moment of inertia I., torsional stiffness K. and damping coefficient Ca, etc. 5.1 The equation of motion of the torsional vibration system of the elastic vibration absorber with damping is shown in B1 of Appendix B (Supplement). The characteristic parameters are expressed in Ta, C and Ka.
5.2 The equation of motion of the torsional vibration system of the elastic vibration absorber without damping is shown in B2 of Appendix B (Supplement). The characteristic parameters are expressed in Ia and K.
5.3 The equation of motion of the torsional vibration system of the hydraulic resistance vibration absorber is shown in B3 of Appendix B (Supplement). The characteristic parameters are expressed in Ia and Ca.
5.4 The equation of motion of the torsional pendulum system of the pendulum vibration absorber is shown in B4 of Appendix B (Supplement). The characteristic parameters are expressed in equivalent moment of inertia Im and indicate the simple harmonic order for which the pendulum is designed. 6 Technical data provided by the manufacturer to the user
6.1 Performance data
For various commonly used structural shock absorbers, the manufacturer shall provide their characteristic parameters and related data according to the requirements of Appendix A (Supplement). 6.1.1 Torsional stiffness
Usually only the dynamic torsional stiffness K is given.
For rubber shock absorbers or rubber silicone shock absorbers, when only the static torsional stiffness K is given, the test temperature of the K value obtained by the dynamic-static ratio (=K/K.) must also be given. 6.1.2 Damping coefficient
The relationship between the damping coefficient (and the dimensionless damping coefficient X. and the loss coefficient 虫 can be expressed as: CaX·K
(3)
In the 2-element
Wu Zhong: \;--- The circular frequency of the vibration of the i-th (i=1,2,3) node of the shaft system, rad/s. Manufacturing According to the user's requirements, the instrument provides (, post and X. One of them can be provided, and the test temperature of the obtained coefficient is stated. 6.1.3 Moment of inertia
Give the moment of inertia of the inside and outside of the shock absorber (or the support plate and the pendulum) respectively. 6.2 Drawings and materials
6.2.1 Drawings
Provide the following drawing sizes for assembly and disassembly:
Marked with main external Dimensional drawings;
Connection dimensions According to different connection methods, provide drawings of all dimensions or connection parts that meet the requirements of installation and disassembly. b.
6.2.2 Information
6.2.2.1 Regulations on inspection and replacement period
Provide the following information such as the regulations on regular inspection and replacement of shock absorbers: (
, Inspection period or replacement period should be specified for vulnerable parts (such as springs, rollers, bearings, etc.) and parts with changeable physical properties (such as rubber parts) and damping fluids (such as silicone oil);
b, For shock absorbers that are not easy (or cannot) to be disassembled for inspection, when the method of torsional vibration measurement (retest) of the shaft system is used for inspection, reference should be made to 52!
GB/T 13437—92
According to the relevant provisions of GB6299 and ZBJ91005, the torsional vibration of the shaft system shall be measured and the re-test period shall be specified; c. Provisions for replacing shock absorbers.
6.2.2.2 Assembly and disassembly instructions
In addition to providing general assembly and disassembly instructions, the following connection forms shall also be supplemented with instructions: When the hydraulic sleeve is connected, the pressure range of the hydraulic oil and the hydraulic tools recommended to the user shall be given. a.
b. When the hydraulic sleeve is connected in combination with the shrink sleeve, in addition to the pressure range of the hydraulic oil and the hydraulic tools recommended to the user, the heating method and the heating temperature range shall also be specified; c. When the flange is connected, the connecting bolts (or screws) shall generally be provided. Preload torque. 6.2.2.3. Description of the damping fluid used
When using methyl (or ethyl) silicone oil, give the nominal viscosity or brand of the silicone oil used: When using lubricating oil (engine oil), in addition to indicating the specifications, the oil supply pressure should also be stated. bzxz.net
6.2.2.4 Test description of characteristic parameters
The shock absorber characteristic parameters provided by the manufacturer should indicate that they are values ​​obtained through test verification of the samples, and the original test results should be presented when necessary.
6.2.2.5 Marking method
The manufacturer should specify the marking method of the shock absorber. For shock absorbers with thin-walled structures, a "warning sign" should also be firmly affixed in a conspicuous position on the surface of the outer shell. 6.2.2.6 Weight
Provide the actual weight (total weight) of the shock absorber when it leaves the factory (or is installed). 6.2.2.7 Environmental information
The manufacturer shall provide the following information to ensure the normal use of the shock absorber: a.
The operating environment temperature range of the shock absorber similar to the design requirements; the anti-corrosion or anti-damage performance of the shock absorber to factors such as salt spray, corrosive gas, oil and fuel; b.
Recommended storage environment;
d. For shock absorbers containing rubber parts, their storage period shall be specified. 530
GB/T13437-92
Appendix A
Common structural forms and main parameters of shock absorbers (supplement)
The structural forms and main parameters are shown in Figure A1 and Table A1. A1 spring shock absorber
Figure A1 spring shock absorber
1-Inertia block; 2-Distance block: 3-Baffle; 4-Flange; 5-Spring seat; 6-Sliding shoe; 7-Spring
Table A15
Main parameters of spring shock absorber
Moment of inertia
Inner (active plate)
Outer (inertia body)
kg·m2
The structural form and main parameters of A2 pendulum shock absorber are shown in Figure A2 and Table A2. Torsional stiffness
N·m/rad
Pendulum weight
Tuning ratio
GB/T13437-92
Figure A2 Pendulum shock absorber
1 Support plate; 2·Outer pendulum; 3 Inner pendulum Table A2 Main parameters of pendulum shock absorber
Moment of inertia
Support plate
kg·m2
The structural form and main parameters of silicone oil shock absorber are shown in Figure A3 and Table A3. 13
Figure A3 Silicone oil shock absorber
kg·m?
1 Shell; 2 Silicone oil; 3 Inertia body; 4-Cover plate 532
Rotational inertia base
Interior (inertia body)
kg·m\
GB/T 13437---92
Table A3 Main parameters of silicone oil shock absorber
Damping fluid
External (housing)
A4 Reed silicone oil shock absorber Structure and main parameters See Figure A4 and Table A4 Reed silicone oil shock absorber
Nominal viscosity
1--Reed group; 2-Silicone oil; 3 Housing; 4--Block: 5-Cover; 6 Inertia body Table A4 Main parameters of reed silicone oil shock absorber Rotational inertia Quantity
Internal (inertia body)
External (Yao body)
Torsional stiffness
N·m/rad
N·m/rad
Damping fluid
Nominal viscosity
Damping coefficient
Yang Ni (or loss) coefficient
Nm.s/rad
A5 rubber silicone oil shock absorber
Moment of inertia
GB/T 13437—92
See Figure A5 and Table A5 for the structural form and main parameters. Figure A5 Rubber silicone oil shock absorber
1-Inertia block (I); 2-Inertia block (1); 3-Silicone oil; 4-Rubber ring, 5-Flange Table A5 Main parameters of rubber silicone oil shock absorber Torsional stiffness
Inside (active disk) Outside (inertia body)
kg·m2
kg·m?
N·m/rad
N? m/rad
Rubber ring
Variety and specification
A6 The structural form and main parameters of coil spring shock absorber are shown in Figure A6 and Table A6. FF
Damping fluid
Nominal viscosity
Figure A6 Coil spring shock absorber
1—shock absorber seat; 2-limit block; 3—coil spring assembly; 4·rear cover; 5—inertia block; 6—front cover 534
Damping (or loss) coefficient
Nm·s/rad
Moment of inertia
Inside (active disk) Outside (inertia body
GB/T 13437--92
Table A6 Main parameters of coil spring shock absorber
Torsional stiffness
N?m/rad
N?m/rad
Damping fluid
Spring oil shock absorber
Structural forms and main parameters are shown in Figure A7 and Table A7. 5
Moment of inertia
Internal (active disk) External (inertia body) la
kgm"
Spring oil shock absorber
Damping (or loss) coefficient
Nm·s/rad
1-Sealing baffle; 2 —Spline connecting plate; 3 side plate; 4 bolt; 5 intermediate ring; 6 fastening ring: 7 spring group; 8 intermediate block Table A7 Main parameters of spring oil shock absorber Torsional stiffness
N?m/rad
N?m/rad
Damping fluid
Damping (or loss) coefficient
Nm-s/rad
A8 Pressurized rubber shock absorber
Moment of inertia
Inner (active plate) part (inertia body)
kg·m2
Vulcanized rubber shock absorber
Moment of inertia
GB/T 13437 ---92
Structural form and main parameters are shown in Figure A8 and Table A8. Figure A8 Pressed-in rubber shock absorber
1--Flange; 2--Rubber part; 3--Inertia block Table A8 Main parameters of pressed-in rubber shock absorber Torsional stiffness
N?m/rad
N?m/rad
Rubber part
Damping (or loss) coefficient
N·m*s/rad
Structural form and main The main parameters are shown in Figure A9 and Table A9 Vulcanized rubber vibration absorber
1 Inertia block; 2 Rubber part; 3~ Flange
Main parameters of vulcanized rubber vibration absorber
Torsional stiffness
Inner (active plate)) External (inertia body) a
N·m/rad
N?m/rad
Rubber part
Damping (or loss) coefficient
Nm-s/rad
GB/T 13437—92
Appendix B
Motion equation of torsional vibration (or torsional pendulum) system (supplement)
B1 Torsional vibration system with damped elastic vibration absorber After the damped elastic vibration absorber is installed at the free end of the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine, its simplified torsional vibration system is shown in Figure B1. Ia
The motion equation of the system is:
I + Ca(-) + Ka(a - )= 0
1 - Ca(a - ) - Ka(ge - ) + Kg MeioIaThe moment of inertia of the shock absorber inertia body, kg·m\;I. The moment of inertia of the shaft system converted by equivalent means, kg·m\; Ca.---the damping coefficient of the shock absorber, N·m·s/rad; Ka the dynamic torsional stiffness of the shock absorber, N·m/rad; K
the torsional stiffness of the shaft system converted by equivalent means, N·m/rad; the amplitude of the exciting torque acting on the shaft system, N·m; M. -
the circular frequency of the exciting torque, rad/s;
time, s;
the angular displacement, angular velocity and angular acceleration of the inertial body of the shock absorber, rad, rad/s, rad/s\; the angular displacement, angular velocity and angular acceleration of the equivalent concentrated mass of the shaft system, rad, rad/s, rad/s. B2 Torsional vibration system with undamped elastic shock absorber When (a0) in Figure B1, it is a simplified system with this type of shock absorber. At this time, the motion equation of the system is: Iaga + Ka(a—) 0
Ip - Ka(a -p) + Kep = Me\]B3 Torsional vibration system with liquid resistance shock absorber When K.～0 in Figure B1, it is a simplified system with this type of shock absorber. At this time, the motion equation of the system is: (B1)
GB/T 13437—92
Ia + Ca(ga - ) 0
Ip - Ca(pa -- a) + K.g = MeioB4Torsion pendulum system with pendulum damper
Figure B2 is a simplified torsion pendulum system with a pendulum damper installed at the free end of the crankshaft of an internal combustion engine. The motion equation of the system is: (+ Ind)p + K= Mei
Where: Imc -
Equivalent moment of inertia of the pendulum, kg·m.
Meecar
The calculation formula for the simple pendulum is:
Imd = ma(r +l)2
1-(v/k)2
For the pendulum-type shock absorber, the calculation formula for Imd is: Imd = ma · R2 + md(r + 1)2
Where: md
The mass of the pendulum, kg,
The simple harmonic number, times;
——tuning ratio,
The distance between the pendulum support point and the crankshaft rotation center, cm, the pendulum length, cm;
The radius of inertia of the pendulum rotating around its center of gravity, cm. Additional remarks:
This standard is proposed by China State Shipbuilding Corporation. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for the Promotion of Mechanical Vibration and Shock Standards. 1 - (/k)2
This standard was drafted by the 711th Research Institute of China State Shipbuilding Corporation. The main drafter of this standard is Xie Xun.
.(B4 )
（B5）
（B6 )
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