This standard specifies the display shape of navigation aids in waters of China. This standard applies to all buoys (excluding large buoys) and fixed underwater markers in China's seas, its seaports, and estuaries. GB 16161-1996 Specification for the display shape of navigation aids in waters of China GB16161-1996 Standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net

National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Regulations for the shape of themarks of maritime buoyage system in ChinaSubject Content and Scope of Application
This standard specifies the display shape of the marks of maritime buoyage system in ChinaGB 16161—1996
This standard applies to all buoys (excluding large buoys) and underwater fixed marks in China's sea areas, its seaports, and estuaries. 2 General Provisions
2.1 The shape characteristics of buoys and underwater fixed marks shall be displayed in the form or in the top mark. Except for the "×"-shaped top mark, the displayed shape characteristics shall comply with the provisions of this standard when observed from any horizontal direction. 2.2 The form or top mark may be partially hollowed out, and the area of ​​the hollowed-out part shall not exceed one-third of the total area and shall be evenly distributed. 2.3 When the shape feature is displayed by the lookout board, the maximum vertical section of the central support is a rectangle or an upright isosceles trapezoid, the inward inclination angle of the two sides of the isosceles trapezoid is not greater than 7°, and the lower base width (B) is not greater than 0.40 times the diameter of the float (D). 3 Regulations on cone marks
Top mark of buoy
Approved by the State Administration of Technical Supervision on January 25, 1996 Top mark of fixed mark in water
Figure 1 Cone mark
Cone buoy
Implementation on October 1, 1996
GB16161-1996bzxZ.net
3.1 The maximum vertical section of the top mark of the buoy should be an equilateral triangle, and the diameter of the cone base (d) should be 0.25 to 0.30 times the diameter of the float (D). 3.2 The size of the top mark used for fixed mark in water shall not be less than the top mark of the buoy set in the same waters. 3.3 The maximum vertical section of the buoy body should be an approximate isosceles triangle, and the overall shape should have a conical feature. The two sides of the lookout board can be arc-shaped, and the radius of curvature (R) of each section shall not be less than the length of the base (L). The length of the base shall not be less than 0.70 times the diameter of the float, and the height h shall not be greater than 1.10 times and not less than 0.90 times the length of the base. 4 Tank-shaped mark regulations
Top mark of buoy
Top mark of fixed mark in water
Figure 2 Tank-shaped mark
Tank-shaped buoy
4.1 The maximum vertical section of the top mark of the buoy should be a square, and the diameter of the tank (d) should be 0.20 to 0.30 times the diameter of the float (D). 4.2 The size of the top mark used for fixed mark in water shall not be smaller than the top mark of the buoy set in the same waters. 4.3 The maximum vertical surface of the buoy body should be an isosceles trapezoid, and the overall shape should have the characteristics of a tank. The two waists of the lookout board should not be inclined inward by more than 7°, and the length of its lower base (L) should not be less than 0.70 times the diameter of the buoy. The height h should not be greater than 1.10 times the length of the base and not less than 0.90 times.
5 Spherical Marking Regulations
Top Mark of Buoy
GB16161-1996
Top Mark of Fixed Mark in Water
Figure 3 Spherical Mark
Spherical Buoy
5.1 The maximum vertical section of the top mark of the buoy is circular, and its diameter (d) is not less than 0.20 times the diameter of the buoy (D). 5.2 The size of the top mark used for fixed marks in water shall not be smaller than the top mark of the buoy set in the same waters. 5.3 The maximum vertical section of the buoy body should be circular, and the overall shape should have the characteristics of a sphere. The diameter of the lookout board (L) should not be less than 0.70 times the diameter of the float.
Regulations for “×”-shaped top mark
GB16161-1996
Top mark of buoy
Figure 4 “×”-shaped mark
Top mark of fixed mark in water
6.1 The “×”-shaped top mark is composed of two rectangular blocks forming a square with a diagonal line, and its length (B) is not less than 0.35 to 0.45 times the diameter of the float (D). The width (6) is not less than 0.10 times the length. 6.2 The size of the item mark used for fixed marks in water shall not be smaller than the top mark of the buoy set in the same waters. Regulations for pole-shaped buoys
The maximum vertical section of the part of the mark body exposed above the water surface is a rectangle, and its length shall not be less than 5 times the width. When installing the top mark, the shape is the same as that set in the same waters.
8 Regulations for cylindrical buoys
The shape of cylindrical buoys shall not be confused with the shape of conical or pot-shaped buoys. 9 Regulations for articulated light posts
When the top mark of an articulated light post is installed, its shape shall be the same as the top mark of the buoy installed in the same waters. Note: The shape of navigation aids on water during the freezing period in ice areas is not subject to the constraints of this standard. Additional notes:
This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Transport of the People's Republic of China. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the Safety Supervision Bureau of the Ministry of Transport. This standard was drafted by the Guangzhou Maritime Safety Supervision Bureau of the Ministry of Transport, the Safety Supervision Bureau of the Ministry of Transport, and the Standards and Metrology Institute of the Ministry of Transport. The main drafters of this standard are Xu Xiaozhong, Gu Xiaoqian, Mao Qingtan, and Yue Biqin. 664
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