GB 6364-1986 Electromagnetic environment requirements for aeronautical radio navigation stations
Some standard content:
1 Introduction
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Electromagnetic environment requirements for aeronautical radionavigation stations UDC 621.396.933
GB 6364--86
Aeronautical radionavigation is to provide accurate and reliable azimuth, distance and position information to aircraft by various ground and airborne radio navigation equipment. Active interference caused by various radio equipment of non-aeronautical navigation services, high-voltage transmission lines, electrified railways, industrial, scientific and medical equipment, and reflection or re-radiation from terrain and objects around the navigation station may have a harmful effect on the navigation information. This standard is specially formulated to make aeronautical radionavigation stations reasonably compatible with the surrounding electromagnetic environment and ensure flight safety. This standard is applicable to the management of the electromagnetic environment of aeronautical radionavigation stations and serves as a criterion for the electromagnetic compatibility between non-aeronautical navigation facilities and aeronautical radionavigation stations.
2 Medium wave navigation station (NDB)
2.1 Medium wave navigation station is a non-directional transmitter that transmits vertically polarized waves. The airborne radio compass receives the signal transmitted by the medium wave navigation station and determines the relative azimuth between the aircraft and the medium wave navigation station to guide the aircraft to fly along the predetermined route, return and approach and land. 2.2 Medium wave navigation stations include airport close-range navigation stations, airport long-range navigation stations and route navigation stations. Close-range navigation stations and long-range navigation stations are usually set on the extension line of the runway center, between 1000 and 11000m from the runway end. Route navigation stations are set at route or route turning points, checkpoints and air corridor entrances and exits.
2.3 Medium wave navigation stations operate in the frequency band allocated to radio navigation services and aviation radio navigation services by the national radio management department within the range of 150~700kHz.
2.4 The coverage radius of long-range navigation stations and route navigation stations is 150km (daytime). The coverage radius of the short-range navigation station is 70km (daytime).
2.5 The minimum signal field strength in the coverage area of the medium-wave navigation station is 70μV/m (37dB) north of 40°N and 120μV/m (42dB) south of 40°N.
2.6 In the coverage area of the medium-wave navigation station, the protection rate against industrial, scientific and medical equipment interference is 9dB, and the protection rate against other kinds of active interference is 15dB.
2.7 With the medium-wave navigation station antenna as the center, there shall be no overhead high-voltage transmission lines of 110kV and above within a radius of 500m, no railways, electrified railways, overhead metal cables, metal accumulations and power drainage and irrigation stations within a radius of 150m, no buildings higher than 8m within a radius of 120m, and no buildings higher than 3m (excluding machine rooms), single large trees and forests within a radius of 50m. 3 Ultra-short wave direction finder (VHF/UHFDF)
3.1 Ultra-short wave direction finder is a radio direction-finding device with an automatic direction-finding device. It receives signals from airborne radio stations to determine the direction of the aircraft, guide the aircraft to return, assist the aircraft in approaching and landing, and cooperate with airport surveillance radar to identify individual aircraft. 3.2 Ultra-short wave direction finders are usually set up on the extension line of the center of the runway, and can also be configured together with the landing radar. 3.3 Ultra-short wave direction finders operate in the two frequency bands of 118~150MHz and 225~400MHz, which are allocated to mobile services and aeronautical mobile services by the national radio management department. *The protection ratio refers to the minimum ratio of the signal field strength at the receiving point to the co-channel interference field strength to ensure the normal operation of the navigation receiving equipment, expressed in decibels (dB). Issued by the National Bureau of Standards on May 6, 1986
Implemented on May 1, 1987
GB6364-86
3.4 The minimum directional signal strength of the ultra-short wave directional station is 90uV/m (39dB). 3.5 The protection rate of the ultra-short wave directional station against interference from industrial, scientific and medical equipment is 14dB, and the protection rate against other active interference is 20dB. 3.6 With the directional station main line as the center, there shall be no high-voltage transmission lines of 110kV and above within a radius of 700m; there shall be no high-voltage transmission lines of 35kV and above, electrified railways and trees within 500m; there shall be no overhead metal cables, railways and roads within 300m; there shall be no buildings (except machine rooms) and trees within 70m; the height of buildings beyond 70m shall not exceed a vertical angle of 2.5° based on the ground at the antenna. 4 Instrument Landing System (ILS)
The instrument landing system consists of an onboard heading, glide path, and marker beacon receiver and a ground heading, glide path, and marker beacon transmitter. It provides the aircraft with information on the localizer, glide path, and distance from the landing end of the runway. It is used to guide the aircraft to land according to instrument indications under complex weather conditions.
4.1 Airline beacon station
4.1.1 The localizer station is usually set on the extension line of the runway center, 100 to 600 meters away from the runway terminal. 4.1.2 The localizer station operates in the 108 to 111.975MHz frequency band. 4.1.3 The localizer station transmits a horizontally polarized sector-shaped synthetic field pattern in the direction of the aircraft landing. Its coverage area is, based on the localizer station antenna, 45km within ±10° of the runway center extension line and 30km between 10° and 35° (Figure 1). 35
Local beacon antenna
Figure 1 Localizer coverage area
4.1.4 The minimum signal field strength in the localizer coverage area is 40μV/m (32dB). 4.1.5 In the localizer coverage area, the protection rate against FM broadcast interference is 17dB, the protection rate against industrial, scientific and medical equipment interference is 14dB, and the protection rate against other active interference is 20dB. 4.1.6 In the localizer site protection area (Figure 2), there shall be no trees, tall crops, buildings, roads, metal fences and overhead metal cables. Power lines and telephone lines entering the localizer shall be buried underground from outside the protection area. In the area of +10° forward of the localizer antenna and 3000m away from the antenna array, there shall be no large reflective objects such as buildings higher than 15m, high-voltage transmission lines, etc. 276
4.2 Glide beacon
Localizer antenna
GB 6364-86
300m or eclipse runway end
(the sky is the eclipse)
Figure 2 Localizer protection area
Land side inquiry
4.2.1 The glide beacon is usually set on one side of the runway inside the runway landing end, 120~200m away from the runway centerline and about 300m away from the runway landing end.
4.2.2 The glide beacon operates in the 328.6~335.4MHz frequency band. 4.2.3 The glide beacon emits a horizontally polarized fan-shaped synthetic field pattern in the direction of the aircraft landing. Its coverage area is within 8 degrees on the left and right of the glide path, and the elevation angle is not less than 18 km between 0.45 and 1.756 (0 is the glide angle) (Figure 3). 4.2.4 The minimum signal strength in the glide path beacon coverage area is 400μV/m (52dB). Downstream signal station antenna
(a) Azimuth coverage
9=2 ~ 4
(b) Elevation coverage
Glide path beacon coverage area
GB6364—86
4.2.5 In the glide path beacon coverage area, the protection rate for interference with industrial, scientific and medical equipment is 14dB, and the protection rate for other active interference is 20dB.
4.2.6 The protection area of the glide path beacon is shown in Figure 4. In Area A, there shall be no crops and weeds higher than 0.3m, no buildings, roads, metal fences and overhead metal cables. Power lines and telephone lines leading to the glide path beacon should be buried underground from outside Zone A. There should be no large reflectors such as metal objects, dams, trees and high-voltage transmission lines higher than 10m in Zone B. Runway
120~200m
4.3 Marker beacon
Glide path beacon antenna
Figure 4 Glide path beacon protection zone
4.3.1 The marker beacon is usually set between 1000 and 11000m from the runway end. 4.3.2 The operating frequency of the marker beacon is 75MHz. Landing direction
4.3.3 The marker beacon emits a vertical fan-shaped beam into the air. Its coverage area is 200~400m in longitudinal width at a height of 50~100m and 400800m in longitudinal width at a height of 200~400m (Figure 5). 400~800m
200~400m
50 ~ 100 m
Pointing beacon antenna
Figure 5 Pointing beacon coverage area
200~400m
4.3.4 The minimum signal strength in the marking beacon coverage area is 1.5mV/m (64dB). 4.3.5 Within the coverage area of the marker beacon, the protection rate against active interference is 23dB. 4.3.6 Within the marker beacon protection area (Figure 6), there shall be no obstacles exceeding the vertical angle of 20° based on the ground grid or the lowest unit of the antenna array.
Zero indication
5 Omnidirectional beacon (VOR)
GB 6364—86
Figure 6 Marker beacon protection area
Marker beacon antenna
5.1 The omnidirectional beacon works with the airborne omnidirectional beacon receiver to provide the aircraft with azimuth information in an all-round and uninterrupted manner, which is used to guide the aircraft to fly along the predetermined route, return and approach and land. 5.2 Omnidirectional beacons are divided into airport omnidirectional beacons and route omnidirectional beacons. Airport omnidirectional beacons are usually set up inside the airport or on the extension line of the runway center, between 360 and 11,000 meters from the runway end. 5.3 Omnidirectional beacons operate in the 108-117.975MHz frequency band. 5.4 When the flight altitude is 400m, the coverage radius of the omnidirectional beacon is 65km. 5.5 The minimum signal field strength in the coverage area of the omnidirectional beacon is 90μV/m (39dB). 5.6 In the coverage area of the omnidirectional beacon, the protection rate against FM broadcast interference is 17dB, the protection rate against interference from industrial, scientific and medical equipment is 14dB, and the protection rate against various other active interference is 20dB. 5.7 Site protection requirements for omnidirectional beacon (Figure 7) Tree clearance angle
Overhead line clearance angle
Wooden structure building clearance angle
Golden structure building clearance angle
Figure 7 Site requirements for omnidirectional beacon
Radome
Antenna height
(5m)
Metal fence clearance angle
5.7.1 There shall be no buildings (except machine rooms) within a radius of 200m with the antenna as the center. Outside the radius of 200m, the height of metal structure buildings shall not exceed a vertical angle of 1.2° based on the antenna foundation, and the height of wooden structure buildings shall not exceed a vertical angle of 2.5° based on the antenna foundation.
5.7.2 With the antenna as the center, there shall be no trees within a radius of 150m. There shall be no independent trees higher than 9m between 150 and 300m from the antenna. The height of trees beyond 300m shall not exceed a vertical angle of 2° based on the top of the antenna. 5.7.3 With the antenna as the center, there shall be no metal fences and guy wires within a radius of 150m. The height of metal fences and guy wires beyond 150m shall not exceed a vertical angle of 1.5° based on the antenna foundation. GB 6364-86
5.7.4 With the antenna as the center, there shall be no overhead metal cables within a radius of 360m. The height of overhead metal cables beyond 360m shall not exceed a vertical angle of 0.5° based on the top of the antenna. Power lines and telephone lines radially entering the omnidirectional beacon station shall be buried underground from 200m away. 6 Distance measurement station (DME)
6.1 The distance measurement station works with the airborne equipment to continuously provide the aircraft with distance information to guide the aircraft to fly along the route and approach for landing.
6.2 The distance measurement station is usually configured together with the omnidirectional beacon station. The distance measurement station that works with the instrument landing system can be configured separately at the airport.
6.3 The distance measurement station operates in the 960-1215MHz frequency band. 6.4 When the flight altitude is 400m, the radius of the distance measurement station coverage area is 65km. 6.5 The minimum signal field strength in the distance measurement station coverage area is 1380μV/m (63dB), and the minimum peak pulse power density is -83dBW/m2. 6.6 In the distance measurement station coverage area, the protection rate against various active interference is 8dB. 6.7 The site protection requirements for the distance measurement station are the same as 5.7. 7 TACAN navigation station (TACAN)
7.1 TACAN navigation station works with airborne equipment to continuously provide aircraft with azimuth and distance information to guide aircraft to fly along the scheduled route, return to the destination and assist aircraft in approaching and landing. 7.2 TACAN navigation station is usually set up in the airport or on the extension line of the runway center. 7.3 TACAN navigation station operates in the 962~1213MHz frequency band. 7.4 When the flight altitude is 400m, the radius of the TACAN navigation station coverage area is 65km. 7.5 The minimum signal field strength in the TACAN navigation station coverage area is 1000μV/m (60dB), and the minimum peak pulse power density is -86dBW/m2.
7.6 In the TACAN navigation station coverage area, the protection rate against various active interference is 8dB. 7.7 TACAN navigation station site protection requirements
7.7.1 The site within a radius of 300m with the antenna as the center should be flat and open, and the height of all obstacles should not exceed the shadow area shown in Figure 8.
7.7.2 The height of vegetation areas and other obstacles outside the radius of 300m with the antenna as the center should meet the following requirements (Figure 8): Antenna
Antenna height
Shadow area
Figure 8 TACAN navigation station site requirements
GB6364-86
For vegetation areas with a maximum horizontal angle of 9°, the maximum vertical angle allowed is 13°.
For vegetation areas with a maximum horizontal angle of 30°, the maximum vertical angle allowed is 7. b.
For obstacles with a maximum horizontal angle of 3°, the maximum vertical angle allowed is 8°. C.
d. The maximum horizontal angle of obstacles is 10°, and the maximum vertical angle is 5°. 7.7.3 There shall be no railways or overhead metal cables within a radius of 300m with the antenna as the center. The power lines and telephone lines leading to the TACAN navigation station should be buried underground from 300m away.
8 Landing radar station (PAR)
8.1 The landing radar station emits horizontal and vertical scanning beams alternately in the landing direction, receives the reflected echo of the aircraft, determines its position, and guides the aircraft to land.
8.2 The landing radar station is usually set on one side of the middle of the runway, not less than 100m away from the edge of the runway. 8.3 The operating frequency of the landing radar station is 9370±30MHz. 8.4 The coverage area of the landing radar station is, based on the antenna, azimuth ±10°, elevation angle -1°～+8°, and distance 35km (Figure 9). 8.5 The area around the landing radar station should be flat and open. In the coverage area, there shall be no obstacles with a vertical angle higher than 0.5° based on the antenna within 500m from the antenna.
8.6 The landing radar station equipped with an ultra-short wave direction-finding station shall also meet the various protection requirements of the ultra-short wave direction-finding station in Chapter 3. Landing direction
9 Measuring instruments and measurement methods
Landing radar station
Figure 9 Landing radar coverage area
9.1 The instruments used to measure the signal field strength and interference field strength shall comply with the requirements of GB6113-85 "Electromagnetic interference measuring instrument". 9.2 When measuring the field strength or interference field strength of continuous wave signals of amplitude modulation and frequency modulation, average value detection shall be used; when measuring the signal field strength or interference field strength of pulse modulation, quasi-peak detection or peak detection shall be used. 9.3 The measurement of signal field strength and interference field strength shall be carried out on the ground. 9.4 The measurement of interference field strength of various interference sources shall be carried out in accordance with the methods specified in the relevant national standards. 281
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GB 6364-- 86
Appendix A
Allowable interference values of industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) equipment and calculation of protection distance for aeronautical navigation services (reference)
A, 1 Allowable interference values of industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) equipment and their attenuation characteristics (see the table below). Protection service
Medium wave navigation station
Ultra-short wave directional station
Localization beacon
Omnidirectional beacon
Glide slope beacon
Frequency range
0.150~0.535
108~400
Protection rate
ISM equipment interference
Interference attenuation rate
A.2 The calculation formula for the interference protection distance for industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) equipment is: d= 30×10
(EE,+R
Protection distance, that is, the distance between the ISM equipment and the ground or airborne receiving equipment, m, where: d-
E30—-Permissible interference value of ISM equipment, dB (μV/m): E
-Signal field strength of protection service, dB (μV/m); Permissible interference value at 30m away from the user boundary of ISM equipment
dB(μV/m)
（A1)
R——Protection rate, dB,
A——Attenuation index in the interference attenuation rate of ISM equipment, as shown in the table above, it is 2.8 in the 0.150~0.535MHz frequency band. A.3 When the interference allowable value and attenuation rate of industrial, scientific and medical equipment cannot meet the standards in the table, the protection distance should be calculated based on the actual measured interference field strength value and attenuation rate. 282
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GB 6364-86
Appendix B
Flight altitude of aircraft in the coverage area of aeronautical radio navigation stations and when approaching for landing (reference)
B.1 Glide path of transport aircraft when approaching and landing according to long-range and short-range navigation stations (see figure below). Short-range navigation station
Long-range navigation station H 200 m
Aircraft glide path
B.2 The minimum flight altitude when an aircraft approaches for landing using a localizer, glide path beacon, omnidirectional beacon, rangefinder and TACAN navigation station is calculated based on a minimum glide path angle of 2.5°. B.3 Except for the approach and landing phase, the minimum flight altitude of the aircraft within the coverage area of the medium wave navigation station, omnidirectional beacon station, range finding station and TACAN navigation station is 400m; the minimum flight altitude within the coverage area of the instrument landing system localizer station and glide path beacon station is 600m. 283
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NDB-non-directiomal beacon
VHF-high frequency
UHF--ultra high frequency
DF--direction finder
-instrument landing system
GB 6364-- 86
Appendix CwwW.bzxz.Net
English abbreviations
(reference)
high frequency omnirangeDME----distance -- measuring equipmentTACAN-- tactical air navigationPAR-
-precision approach radar
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GB636486
Additional notes:
This standard was proposed by the State Council and the Central Military Commission's radio management department. This standard was drafted by the Air Force Command. The main drafters of this standard were Guo Hengmou and Yan Rongze. Marking degree thin network Aw.bzs
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