This standard specifies the general principles of cement naming, the definition of major cement products and the meaning of related terms. This standard applies to the naming of cement products and the correct use of cement naming principles, definitions and terminology by cement production and use departments, as well as teaching, scientific research, design and publishing departments. GB/T 4131-1997 Cement naming, definition and terminology GB/T4131-1997 standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net

(I) Standards for testing methods of main technical properties of building cement 1. "Nomenclature, definition and terminology of cement" GB/T4131-1997 1 Subject content and scope of application
This standard specifies the general principles for cement naming, the definition of main cement products and the meaning of related terms. This standard applies to the naming of cement products and cement production and use departments as well as teaching, scientific research, design and publishing departments.
2 Classification and naming principles of cement
2.1 Classification and main characteristics of cement used for naming 2.1.1 In order to facilitate the naming of cement, cement is divided into three categories according to its use and performance: 2.1.1.1 General cement: cement commonly used in general civil engineering projects. 2.1.1.2 Special cement: cement for special purposes. 2.1.1.3 Special cement: cement with relatively outstanding performance. 2.1.2 Cement is divided into the following according to the name of its main hydraulic substance: 2.1.2.1 Portland cement, commonly known as Portland cement abroad. 2.1.2.2 Aluminate cement.
2.1.2.3 Sulphoaluminate cement.
2.1.2.4 Ferroaluminate cement.
2.1.2.5 Fluoroaluminate cement.
2.1.2.6 Cement with pozzolanic or latent hydraulic materials and other active materials as main components. 2.1.3 The main technical characteristics that need to be indicated in the cement naming are divided as follows: 2.1.3.1 Rapid hardening: divided into rapid hardening and extra rapid hardening. 2.1.3.2 Heat of hydration: divided into medium heat and low heat. 2.1.3.3 Sulfate corrosion resistance: divided into medium sulfate corrosion resistance and high sulfate corrosion resistance. 2.1.3.4 Expansion: divided into expansion and self-stress. 2.1.3.5 High temperature resistance: The high temperature resistance of aluminate cement is classified according to the alumina content in the cement. 2.2 General principles for naming cement
2.2.1 Cement shall be named according to its main hydraulic mineral, mixed material, use and main characteristics according to different categories, and shall be concise and accurate. If the name is too long, abbreviations are allowed. 2.2.2 General cement shall be named according to the main hydraulic mineral of cement and the name of mixed material or other appropriate names. For example:
Ordinary Portland cement;
Slag Portland cement;
Composite Portland cement.
2.2.3 Special cement shall be named according to its special use and may be named with different models. For example: Class A oil well cement
No. 275 masonry cement
2.2.4 Special cement shall be named according to the main hydraulic mineral of cement and the main characteristics of cement, and may be named with different models or mixed material names. For example:
Rapid hardening silicate cement;
Low heat slag silicate cement;
Expanding sulphoaluminate cement.
2.2.5 Cement with pozzolanic or latent hydraulic materials and other active materials as main components is named after the name of the main component and the name of the active material, and may also be named after the characteristic name. For example: gypsum slag cement;
lime pozzolanic cement.
3 Definition of main cement products
3.1 Cement
cement
A powdered hydraulic cementitious material that can be mixed with water to form a plastic paste, can bind sand, stone and other suitable materials, and can harden in air and water.
3.2 Portland cement
Portland cement
A hydraulic cementing material made of Portland cement clinker, 0% to 5% limestone or granulated blast furnace slag, and an appropriate amount of gypsum, commonly known as Portland cement abroad. 3.3 Ordinary Portland cement
Ordinary Portland cement
A hydraulic cementing material made of Portland cement clinker, 6% to 15% mixed materials, and an appropriate amount of gypsum. 3.4 Portland slag cement
Portland blastfurnace-slag cementA hydraulic cementing material made of Portland cement clinker, granulated blast furnace slag and an appropriate amount of gypsum. 3.5 Pozzolana Portland cement
Portland-pozzolana cement
A hydraulic cementing material made of Portland cement clinker, pozzolana mixed materials and an appropriate amount of limestone. 3.6 Portland fly ash cement Cement made by grinding Portland cement clinker, fly ash and appropriate amount of gypsum. 3.7 Composite Portland Cement Cement made by grinding Portland cement clinker, two or more specified mixed materials and appropriate amount of gypsum. 3.8 Moderate heat Portland Cement A hydraulic cementing material with moderate hydration heat made by grinding Portland cement clinker with appropriate composition and appropriate amount of gypsum. 3.9 Low heat Portland slag cement A hydraulic cementing material with low hydration heat made by grinding Portland cement clinker with appropriate composition and adding slag and appropriate amount of gypsum.
3.10 Rapid hardening Portland cement
Rapid hardening Portland cement is made by adding appropriate amount of gypsum to Portland cement clinker and grinding it into a cement with high early strength and the grade indicated by 3d compressive strength.
3.11 Sulphate resisting Portland cement
Sulphate resisting Portland cement is made by adding appropriate amount of gypsum to Portland cement clinker and grinding it into a cement with good sulfate corrosion resistance. 3.12 White Portland cement
White Portland cement
White cement is made by adding appropriate amount of gypsum to Portland cement clinker with low iron oxide content and grinding it into a white cement. 3.13 Masonry cement
Masonry cement
Masonry cement is made by adding active mixed materials, appropriate amount of Portland cement clinker and gypsum and grinding it into a low-grade cement mainly used for preparing masonry mortar.
3.14 Oil well cement
Oil well cement
Cement made of Portland cement clinker composed of appropriate minerals, appropriate amount of gypsum and mixed materials, etc., which is suitable for oil and gas well cementing projects under certain well temperature conditions. 3.15 Gypsum slag cement
Supersulphated cement
Cement made of granulated blast furnace slag as the main component material, with appropriate amount of gypsum, Portland cement clinker or lime ground.
Note: The restrictions on the amount of mixed materials added in the definition of major cement products in this chapter shall comply with the provisions of the corresponding cement product standards. 4 Terms related to cement
4.1 Portland cement clinker
Portland cement clinker
Part 1 Test methods and standards for major building materials The product with calcium silicate as the main component is obtained by calcining raw materials of appropriate composition until they are partially melted. 4.2 Alumina cement clinker
High alumina cement clinker. Raw materials of appropriate composition are calcined until completely or partially melted, resulting in a product with calcium aluminate as the main component. 4.3 Sulphoaluminate cement clinker bzxZ.net
Sulphoaluminate cement clinker Raw materials of appropriate composition are calcined until completely or partially melted, resulting in anhydrous calcium sulphoaluminate and dicalcium silicate as the main components.
4.4 Ferroaluminate cement clinker
Aluminoferrit cement clinker Raw materials of appropriate composition are calcined until completely or partially melted, resulting in iron phase, anhydrous calcium sulphoaluminate and dicalcium silicate as the main components.
4.5 Fluoaluminate cement clinker Raw materials of appropriate composition are calcined until completely or partially melted, resulting in a product with calcium fluoroaluminate and calcium silicate as the main components. 4.6 Hydraulicity: The property of a material that, after being ground into fine powder and mixed with water to form a slurry, can harden and form a stable compound in moist air and water.
4.7 Pozzolanicity: A material that is ground into fine powder and does not have hydraulic properties alone.However, it can form a compound with hydraulic properties when combined with lime and water at room temperature.
4.8 Cement admixtures
addition of cement
Mineral materials added to cement during cement production to improve cement properties and adjust cement grades. 4.9 Active admixtures
active addition
Mineral materials with pozzolanic properties or potential hydraulic properties, or both. 4.10 Inactive admixtures
inactive addition
Mineral materials that mainly play a filling role in cement without damaging the properties of cement. 4.11 Pozzolanic admixtures
pozzolana
Natural or artificial mineral materials with pozzolanic properties. 4.12 Granulated blast-furnace slag The molten material obtained by smelting pig iron in a blast furnace, which is mainly composed of calcium silicate and calcium aluminosilicate, and is quenched and granulated. 4.13 Fly ash The powder collected from the flue gas of a pulverized coal furnace, which is mainly composed of silicon oxide and aluminum oxide, contains a small amount of calcium oxide, and has volcanic ash properties.
4.14 High-lime fly ash The fly ash obtained by burning certain lignite, which generally contains more than 10% calcium oxide in addition to silicon oxide and aluminum oxide, and has a certain degree of hydraulic hardness.
4.15 Kiln dust The dust collected from the exhaust gas at the end of a cement rotary kiln. 4.16 Calcium sulphate retarder
Calcium sulphate retarder
Gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O), hemihydrate (CaSO4·2
H,O) anhydrite (CaSO4) and their mixtures or industrial by-product gypsum added in the cement production process mainly to adjust the setting time of cement. 4.17 Grinding aid
Grinding aid
An admixture added during cement grinding to aid grinding without damaging the properties of cement. The amount added should not exceed 1% of the weight of cement.
4.18 Rapid hardening
Rapid hardening
The cement grade is expressed in 3d compressive strength.
4.19 Super rapid hardening
The cement grade is expressed in several hours (not more than 24h) compressive strength. 4.20 Moderate heat of hydration
The heat of hydration of cement for 3 days shall not exceed 251kJ/kg, and for 7 days shall not exceed 293kJ/kg. 4.21 Low heat of hydration
The heat of hydration of cement for 3 days shall not exceed 197kj/kg, and for 7 days shall not exceed 230kJ/kg. 4.22 Moderate sulfate resistance
The content of tricalcium aluminate in silicate cement clinker shall not exceed 5.0%, and the content of tricalcium silicate shall not exceed 55%. 4.23 High sulfate resistance
The content of tricalcium aluminate in silicate cement clinker shall not exceed 3.0%, and the content of tricalcium silicate shall not exceed 50%. 4.24 Bulige
Part 1 Test methods for main building materials Standard indicates that the volume expansion of cement during hydration and hardening has the performance of compensating for shrinkage in practice. 4.25 Magnitude of self-stress
Indicates that the volume expansion of cement after hydration and hardening can make mortar or concrete produce applicable chemical prestress under constrained conditions. The self-stress value of self-stress cement mortar or concrete after expansion deformation is stable shall not be less than 2.0MPa. 5 Terms related to cement properties and test methods 5.1 Fineness
fineness
The coarseness of powdery materials. Usually expressed as the percentage of the sieve residue on the standard sieve or the specific surface area or particle size distribution. 5.2 Test sieve
Test sieve
A sieve with standard specifications used to measure the fineness of powdery materials. The test sieve used to measure the fineness of cement is a square hole sieve with a hole edge of 0.080mm.
5.3. Residue on sieve
Residue on sieve
A method of expressing the fineness of powdery materials. The mass percentage of a certain mass of powdery materials remaining on the sieve after sieving on the test sieve.
5.4 Specific surface area
Specific surface area
The surface area of ​​a unit mass of material. The unit is m2/kg. The specific surface area of ​​cement is usually measured by a permeable specific surface area meter.
5.5 Particle size distribution
Particle size distribution
The mass percentage of particles of different sizes distributed in a powdery material. 5.6 Normal consistency of cement paste In order to determine the setting time, volume stability and other properties of cement and make them accurately comparable, cement paste is tested by the standard "method to achieve the uniformly specified degree of paste plasticity. 5.7 Water requirement for normal consistency of cement paste The amount of water required to achieve the standard consistency when mixing cement paste. 5.8 Setting time The time required for cement to lose fluidity from the beginning of mixing with water, that is, the time required for cement to develop from a plastic state to a solid state. The setting time of cement is divided into initial setting time and final setting time. 5.9 Soundness of cement The stability of the volume change of cement paste after hardening. 5.10 Test cake method, cement cake method test
A common method to test the effect of free calcium oxide in cement clinker on cement volume stability. Use cement paste with standard consistency and water requirement to mix the test cake. After curing and boiling for a certain period of time, check whether the test cake has cracks or bends. 5.11 Le chatelier soundness test
A method to test the effect of free calcium oxide in cement on cement volume stability. Use cement paste with standard consistency and water requirement to fill the cylindrical ring of Le chatelier clamp. After curing and boiling for a certain period of time, check the change in the distance between the two needle tips of Le chatelier clamp to determine whether the cement volume stability is qualified. 5.12 Autoclave expansion method
test
A quick method to test the uneven volume change of cement caused by the hydration of periclase in cement. After the cement paste specimen mixed with the standard consistency water requirement is cured and boiled for a certain period of time, the temperature and pressure are increased under saturated water vapor conditions so that most of the periclase in the cement is hydrated in a relatively short period of time. The deformation of the specimen is used to judge whether the volume stability of the cement paste is qualified.
5.13 Standard sand
standard sand
Fine aggregate specially used to test the strength of cement. It is made of high-purity natural quartz sand through screening and washing. There are specified quality requirements for the content of silicon dioxide and the particle size composition. 5.14 Cement mortar
cement mortar
Cement mortar made of cement, standard sand and water in a specific mix ratio, used to test the physical and mechanical properties of various cements in standard test methods.
5.15 Flow of cement mortar
flow of cement Mortar
is a measure of the fluidity of cement mortar. Under a certain amount of water, the fluidity depends on the water requirement of cement. The fluidity is expressed as the average diameter (mm) of the cement mortar spread on the flow table. 5.16 Strength of cement mortar
is a measure of the mechanical properties of cement. The strength of cement mortar specimens prepared according to the cement strength test standard is measured after standard curing for a certain age. 5.17 Water requirement of cement mortar The amount of water required to make cement mortar reach a certain fluidity. 5.18 Water-cement ratio The mass ratio of mixing water to cement in cement paste, cement mortar and concrete mixture. 5.19 Water requirement ratio of cement mortar The ratio of the amount of water added when two cement mortars reach the same specified fluidity range. 10 Part 1 Standard for testing methods of major building materials 5.20 Curing Curing When measuring the physical and mechanical properties of cement, the cement specimens need to be placed in the air and water at a specified temperature and humidity for a certain period of time to allow the cement to hydrate better. 5.21 Age When measuring the physical and mechanical properties of cement paste, cement mortar and concrete, the curing time from the time when cement is mixed with water to the time when the performance is actually measured.
5.22 Cement grade
Strength grade of cement
The quality of cement products is graded according to the strength of cement. 5.23 Heat of hydration
The heat released by the chemical reaction between cement and water, usually expressed in kl/kg. 5.24 Coefficient of chemical resistance
Coefficient of chemical resistance An indicator of cement corrosion resistance. It is expressed as the ratio of the strength of cement specimens in corrosive solutions to the strength of cement specimens cured in fresh water at the same age.
Additional remarks:
This standard was proposed by the State Administration of Building Materials Industry. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Cement Standardization Technical Committee. This standard was drafted by the Cement Research Institute of China Academy of Building Materials Science. The main drafters of this standard are: Wang Wenyi, Yang Jidian, Jiang Lizhen. This standard was first formulated in 1984.
2. "General Cement Quality Grade" JC/T452--19971 Scope
This standard specifies the classification and evaluation of cement quality grades; technical requirements for the physical quality grades of general cement and the evaluation of cement quality grades.
This standard is applicable to the quality grade evaluation of general cements such as Portland cement, ordinary Portland cement, slag Portland cement, pozzolanic Portland cement, fly ash Portland cement, composite Portland cement and limestone Portland cement. 2 Cited standards
The provisions contained in the following standards constitute the provisions of this standard through reference in the standard. At the time of publication of the standard, the versions shown are valid, all standards will be revised, and parties using this standard should explore the possibility of using the latest versions of the following standards.
Tip: This standard content only shows part of the intercepted content of the complete standard. If you need the complete standard, please go to the top to download the complete standard document for free.