Some standard content:
ICS75.1.01
Machinery Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
JB/T10231.1-2001
Tool inspection methods part1: generality2001-03-29 Issued
China Machinery Industry Federation
2001-07-01 Implementation
JB10231.1-2601
This standard shall be implemented from July 1, 2001. Before
This standard is issued by the National Tool Standardization Technical Committee and exported. The responsible drafting unit of this standard: Chengdu Institute of Technology. The main drafters of this standard: Xia Gan, Ma Guozi, Diao Yueqin. This standard is issued for the first time.
Machinery Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
Tool tool product testing methods
Part 1: General
Tool taspaction methods pard:geueralityJB/T 10231.1—2001
This standard specifies the common testing methods for various cutting tools. For the non-common testing methods of various tools, it is necessary to formulate their own testing method standards. The methods specified in this general rule are not the only ones. This standard is used to make quality judgments and tests on various finished cutting tools. 2
Cited standards
The provisions contained in the following standards constitute the provisions of this standard through reference in this standard. When this standard is published, the versions shown are valid. All standards will be revised as soon as possible. All parties using this standard should explore the possibility of using the following standard version GET1172-1999
GB/T 118521969
JBT55631991
Professional standards of various knives
3 Inspection basis
Related standards and product drawings,
4 Appearance inspection
Black gold base hardness and strength conversion value
Cone gauge tolerance and technical conditions
Enterprise cutting machine tool bevel surface color method inspection and assessment of appearance defects in Class B unqualified and appearance defects in Class C unqualified: visual inspection in general. Use a magnifying glass for inspection when disputes occur,
5 Plain surface roughness inspection
Inspection method: Use a surface roughness comparison sample to visually compare the surface of the tool to be tested. When disputes occur, use a double-tube display mirror or a surface roughness inspection instrument for inspection.
Testing equipment: surface roughness comparison pad sample block: dual-sensing microscopic surface roughness tester, 6 Meisel misalignment shank detection
6.1, the detection of the length of the Meisel taper shank
Detection method: use a vernier caliper or a height vernier caliper to measure the axial distance from the handle's large end boundary line to the small end surface (with a tail to the tail end surface).
Detector: vernier caliper, height vernier caliper. China Machinery Industry Federation approved on March 29, 2001, implemented on July 1, 2001
6.2 Detection of large end diameter
J8/rt0231.J-200
Detection method: use some steel chain ring gauge inspection, the end of the Molybdenum taper period should be within 2 marks. For the A-type taper shank without fantail, use the A-type A-type taper ring gauge to check, as shown in Figure 1. For the Morse chain with fantail, use the B-type Morse cone ring gauge to check, as shown in Figure 2.
Testing tool: A-type or Type 3 Morse ring gauge E3. Testing of the thickness of the tail
Testing method: Use a vernier caliper to measure the vertical distance between the two planes of the outer diameter and the micrometer. Testing tool: vernier caliper, outside diameter micrometer. 6.4 Testing of the symmetry of the eccentricity
Testing method:
For the testing of the tool base of the center hole, see Figure 3. First, place it between the two tips of the eccentricity position, use a dial indicator to align the fantail in the horizontal direction, and record the reading. Then turn the tool 1° and use the same method to align the readings, and take the difference between the readings as the symmetry of the tail.
For tools without a center hole at one end (or both ends), there are two methods. Method: Use sine gauge for detection. See Figure 4a), use a gauge block to measure the height H value at one end of the sine gauge, and calculate the value by the following formula (1: Tool JB/T10231.1-2001
The handle of the tool is placed on the sine gauge, and the handle end (if there is a center hole, add a steel ball in the hole) is placed at the positioning block. Use a dial indicator to align the blades in the horizontal direction and record the readings. Then rotate the tool 180° and use the same method to align the readings. The absolute values of the last two readings are the symmetrical values of the blades.
Where: L is the center distance between the two ends of the sine gauge, mm; L is half of the round angle. , ().
Method 3: Use oblique V-shaped titanium for testing. See Figure 4b), measure the knife part on the oblique V-shaped iron (the material angle is half of the mesh cone angle) on the upper end (if there is a center hole, add a steel ball in the hole) at the positioning fast, and use the sine rule method to find the running value of the difference between the readings at two equal heights. bZxz.net
Testing equipment: deflection meter, percentage gauge and table seat: stop gauge, four-level plate fast, standard inspection flat pull, dial indicator and table: oblique V-shaped iron steel ball, positioning fast, inspection plate, dial indicator and table seat, when a dispute occurs, use method 2.
6.5 degree detection
Testing method 1: Use a light-transmitting inspection tool for detection. First, use the standard light transmission inspection, and then inspect the part on the plate. Observe the light continuously. If there is no light leakage or a uniform blue light is present, it is qualified. Three to five plates should be taken for testing. If there is no light within the range of one-third of the length of the large end, the can should be judged to be qualified. Testing equipment: light transmission inspection tool, 3 standard Mohs tester. Testing method: .: Use Mohs circular ring gauge to conduct comprehensive testing using the color method. During the test, the color sequence of the coating at the part to be tested should be GBT11852, and the physical method should be JB5563. Testing equipment: 3-level Mohs circular gauge.
JB/T10731.1-7001
Inspection method: Use stop gauge for testing. As shown in Figure 5, first use a gauge block to pad the island hall value at one end of the stop gauge. The calculation of the value is shown in formula (2. Place the measured piece on the stop gauge and use it to divide the table to read the A and B values at two points. The positive and negative values of the four-cone angle deviation 242 are quickly determined by the A and B values. H=2sin20
Where: L-
-The center distance between the two cylinders of the sine gauge, mm; the basic size of the cone angle,)
-The value measured at point a, mm;
Measured at point b The value is obtained, mm:
, the distance between points h, mm.
channel, check leveling plate, four-element block, dry point and table seat, when disputes occur, use the two-way arbitration. 7:24 cone detection
7.1 The detection of the handle length and the detection of the large increase diameter are the best detection methods: as shown in Figure 6, using: 24 lower tool two male ring gauge detection Figure 6
JB/T10231.1--200#
detection tool: 3-level 7:24T tool national tank ring gauge. 7. 2 degree inspection
Inspection method: Use 7:24 tool ring gauge to conduct comprehensive inspection by colorimetric method. During inspection, the rotation of cone ring gauge, the thickness of the color layer and the contact rate of the inspected part shall be in accordance with GB/T11852, and the method shall be in accordance with GB/T5563. Inspection tool: 7:21 tool ring gauge. Inspection of B inner hole
8. 1. Inspection of inner hole diameter
Inspection method 1: Direct inspection with smooth limit gauge. When the length of the workpiece hole is less than or equal to the length of the stop gauge, the stop gauge is allowed to enter the workpiece hole for no more than one-third of the length of the hole: When the length of the workpiece hole is greater than the length of the stop gauge, the stop gauge is allowed to enter the workpiece hole for no more than one-third of the length of the stop gauge. Inspection tool: smooth limit gauge.
Inspection method 2: Use a three-guar internal diameter micrometer to measure at three to five positions in the length direction of the hole, and take the maximum deviation value as the aperture value difference.
Detector: two-guar internal diameter micrometer.
Inspection method 3: Use an internal light plate The gauge is measured at one to five positions in the direction of hole growth and each position is rotated by one position to measure the disc, and the maximum deviation value is taken as the hole deviation.
: When the accuracy level of the guide is H4 and H5, use an internal light gauge with a graduation value of 0.01 to detect. Testing instrument: internal diameter gauge.
Force control method 4: Use pneumatic measuring instrument to measure. First, use a ring gauge to calibrate the zero position of the instrument, and then measure the force of the internal light disc with the same force, and take the maximum value as the hole deviation.
±: When the diameter of the guide is H4 and H5, use a 10000 times pneumatic measuring instrument, and when the accuracy level is greater than H5, use a 5000 times pneumatic tension measurement, and the testing instrument: momentum instrument.
8.2. Inspection method of inner hole width: 1. Width plug gauge. Inspection tool: Width plug gauge. Inspection method 3. Measure with internal micrometer or vernier caliper. Detector: Internal micrometer, vernier caliper. 9. Inspection of chain surface: 9.1. Inspection of chain depth and width: 1. Vernier caliper or vernier caliper is used to measure the depth. Width of chain is measured with wide plug gauge, internal micrometer or vernier caliper. Detector: Vernier caliper, vernier caliper, width plug gauge, internal micrometer. 9.7. Inspection of symmetry: 1. Measure with integrated gauge, and the gauge is qualified if it passes through. 2. Inspection tool: symmetry integrated plug gauge.
According to the breaking force method II; as shown in Figure 7, fix the lever dial indicator on the special measuring library, then put the special base close to the side of the key III, n
JE102311-2001
The dial indicator probe touches the inner hole wall, and moves the measuring seat back and forth along the chain surface. When the dial indicator is at the minimum reading, record the reading. Then tighten the measuring seat to the other side, measure the reading in the same way, and take the difference between the two readings. Special quick
Detection tools: lever dial indicator, special measuring seat. 10 Dimensional inspection
10.1 Rod tools
3) The total length and working part length of the tool
Detection method: Use a vernier caliper to measure the total length of the tool ear along the axial direction of the tool. The length of the working part is measured at the corresponding position with a vernier caliper sliding the tool along its axial direction. According to the accuracy of the tool to be measured, the above items can be measured with a steel ruler. Testing tools: Vernier caliper, steel ruler. b) The outer diameter of the tool
Testing method: For tools with an odd number of cutting edges, use an outer diameter micrometer to measure the symmetrical edges, and measure near the edge. For tools with an odd number of cutting edges, use a three-groove or five-groove micrometer, and measure near the tip of the blade. Testing tools: outer diameter micrometer, three-groove or five-groove micrometer. ) Straight shank blade is the diameter of the tree
Testing method: Use an outer diameter micrometer to measure three to five positions on the top of the blade and record the maximum deviation value. Testing tools: outer diameter micrometer
10.2 Disc-type knives
) Tool accuracy
Testing method 1! Use an outer diameter micrometer or vernier caliper to measure one to five positions in the thickness direction and record the maximum deviation value. Detectors: external micrometer, vernier caliper. Shuttle measurement method: For tools with different internal diameters and large diameters, place the tool on a test plate, use a commercial vernier caliper to measure at three or five positions in the thickness direction, and obtain the maximum deviation value. According to the size of the tool being tested, the above items can be measured by comparison with a dial gauge and a micrometer.
Detectors: external micrometer, test plate, four-dimensional block, micrometer and table base. b) Tool external diameter
Inspection method:
For tools made in equal parts, the even-numbered teeth are measured with an external micrometer or a standard caliper. For odd-numbered teeth, use the outer diameter micrometer or the vernier center gauge to measure the maximum chord length from the top position, take the average value, and the conversion effect of the maximum length and the outer diameter of the cutting tool can be seen in formula (4) JB/T 10731, I—200I
cos(90tm)
where: L—
-the average value of the maximum chord length, mm
F—-the number of chips.
For tools with unequal teeth, the tool can be put on the mandrel and tested on the tool microscope. First, align the center between the two tips of the tool laser microscope with the mitre line of the sun mirror and record the reading. Then install the tool between the two tips so that the mitre line is at the maximum outer position of the tool and record the number of teeth. Multiply the absolute value of the difference between the two numbers by 2 to obtain the outer diameter of the tool. Detection equipment: external micrometer, vernier caliper, tool microscope and mandrel 10.3 Rectangular rod tools
Total length of the tool
Detection method: Use a vernier caliper or a pin tape measure to measure along the length direction of the tool. Detection equipment: vernier ruler, pin tape measure. b) Width and height of the tool
Detection method: Use an external micrometer or a vernier caliper to measure at two to five positions in the width and length directions, and take the maximum difference.
Detection equipment: external micrometer, vernier caliper. 1n.4 Carbide sheet tools
a) Thickness of the sheet
Detection method: Use an external micrometer to measure at three to five positions on the blade, and take the maximum difference. Detection equipment: external micrometer.
) Inscribed circle ruler of blade
Inspection of square teeth: For ten-shaped and round blades, use the outer diameter ruler to measure the two inverses equal to the inner diameter. For pentagonal blades, use the stop groove ruler. For convex one-sided blades, use the three-way ruler. Measurement of stars: outer diameter ruler, one groove ruler, five groove ruler. 11 Chemical composition, metallographic structure and hardness test of tool materials 1L.1 Chemical composition
Shangsu steel;
b) Alloy T tool steel;
e) Carbon steel:
d) Hard metal content:
,E: The material testing methods and testing instruments shall comply with relevant national standards. e) New materials
Test according to relevant standards,
11.2 Metallographic structure
Test according to relevant standards,
11.3 Chain degree
Control and measurement method, first of all, the test piece for micro-test should be pre-processed to meet the requirements of hardness test, and the hardness tester should be calibrated with a standard block, JB/10231.1—2001
Then evenly distribute three points in the standard specified position to measure and take the arithmetic mean. If the arithmetic mean of two points does not meet the standard requirements, two more points can be measured, and the arithmetic half mean of the five points can be taken as the overall test result. For products with hardness upper limit determined by the standard and test value exceeding the upper limit, metallographic inspection and property test are allowed to be supplemented, and those with normal results can be judged as qualified.
For some small and thick cutting tools that cannot be tested by Rockwell hardness meter, Vickers hardness can be tested, and its value can be converted into Rockwell hardness before judgment. The conversion between Grignard hardness and Vickers hardness shall be in accordance with GB/T1172. Testing equipment: Grignard hardness tester or Vickers hardness tester. Performance test and life test
12.1 Selection of test parts
Performance test: in accordance with the corresponding product standards. b Life test: in accordance with the corresponding tool quality classification standards . 12.2 Supplementary provisions for some common problems in these tests When the tool standards and relevant regulations involve performance and life test methods that give a range of cutting disks, the selection of cutting disks shall be in accordance with the following provisions.
If the given product specifications and cutting disks are in the same range, the selection of cutting disks shall be based on the corresponding specifications. For products with larger specifications, a larger cutting disk should be selected; for products with smaller specifications, a smaller cutting disk should be selected. When the given product specifications are fixed values, and the cutting disk is within a certain range, the cutting disk should be selected as the middle value or larger value of the range as much as possible.
For a product of a certain specification, the given turning and cutting disks shall be selected according to the corresponding specifications. When there is no corresponding value for the feed disc in the experimental machine, the speed and feed rate can be appropriately adjusted under the premise of ensuring that the metal removal rate remains unchanged. 12.3 Tool speed and cutting edge inspection For various types of tools, the root and cutting edge measurement parts, inspection methods and inspection devices are specified as follows. 12.3.1 Turning tools a) Back wear Inspection method: Use a microscope to measure. The measurement locations of local wear and average wear of the back tool face are shown in Figure 8, among which the peripheral wear should take the largest value as the maximum wear of the back tool face. Figure 8 Inspection method: 1 Microscope b) Front JB/T10231.1-2001 Inspection method: First use a pointed micrometer to align the front cutting edge of the tool with the horizontal plane, record the reading, then adjust the pointed tip to the maximum depth of the crescent, record the reading, and take the difference between the two readings. As shown in Figure 9, Figure 9
Inspection equipment: inspection plate, pointed micrometer, support block. Inspection force method; Place the tool on the tool microscope, as shown in Figure 10, measure the length and width of its fan blade in the direction of parallel and straight cutting, and take the maximum value.
Inspection equipment: tool microscope.
12.3.2 Tool type
12 3.21 End milling cutter, chain milling cutter
a) Circumferential edge wear
Measuring method: Place the tool between the two tips of the tool or on the Y-shaped notch, rotate the tool blade screw angle, and then measure the average wear and tear of each blade at the position shown in Figure 11. When measuring, measure the surface of each blade in the direction perpendicular to the original cutting front edge. The average wear is measured at more than three points within the length shown in Figure L, and then calculate the arithmetic mean. The specific length depends on the wear of the tool back. The maximum value of each blade data is taken as the final result. Figure
Test tool: T tool pot is slightly blunt, V-shaped.
) Chipped edge
JBT0231.-200
Testing method: Place the tool on a V-shaped plate between the two tips of the microscope, deflect the tool blade by the spiral angle, and measure the length and width of each blade in the vertical direction or in the direction of the original cutting edge, and the maximum value. As shown in Figure 12, Figure 12
Testing equipment: rotating microscope, V-shaped plate. 11.32.2 Saw blade milling cutter, screw milling cutter and three-edge milling cutter) The maximum wear of the rear section at the corner, the maximum wear of the rear (for three-edge milling cutter), the average wear of the main rear, and the end wear (for saw blade cutting edge, screw milling cutter)
Testing method; use a microscope. When measuring the maximum wear of the rear at the corner, the tool should be tilted 45 degrees, and the flat part should be measured as shown in Figure 13. The left and right sides of each tooth should be measured, and the maximum value should be obtained. When measuring the average back grinding and the maximum back grinding, first put the tool through the two tips of the tool spindle, and measure the maximum back grinding width of each tooth in the vertical direction of the cutting edge, and take the maximum value, as shown in Figure [4. When measuring the end face grinding, put the tool cover on the tool display platform, and make the tool center coincide with the horizontal line (or straight line) of the mirror, and move the workbench horizontally (or vertically), and measure each tooth on the left side of the tool with its diameter in the direction of the left side, and take the maximum value. Figure 15.
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