This standard specifies the safety performance requirements and test methods for gasoline and diesel fuel tanks. This standard applies to metal fuel tanks and plastic fuel tanks for M and N class vehicles. GB 18296-2001 Safety performance requirements and test methods for fuel tanks for vehicles GB18296-2001 Standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net

GB18296—2001
All technical contents of this standard are mandatory. The purpose of this standard is to improve the design and manufacturing quality of fuel tanks by formulating mandatory standards for automobile fuel tanks, reduce environmental pollution, and reduce casualties and vehicle damage caused by damage to fuel tanks and fuel leakage in automobile accidents. This standard refers to FMVSS393 Part E "Fuel System" in the "United States Motor Vehicle Regulations" and V-11 "Technical Standard for Plastic Fuel Tanks for Passenger Vehicles" in the "Japanese Road Vehicle Type Approval Manual" (1977). This standard was proposed by the State Machinery Industry Bureau. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Automobile Standardization Technical Committee. This standard was drafted by Dongfeng Automobile Engineering Research Institute. The main drafters of this standard are Ning Qiang, Song Pengjun, Xiong Baoping, and Yi Xuedong.68
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Safety property requirements and test methodsfor automobile fuel tank
GB18296.-- 2001
This standard specifies the safety performance requirements and test methods for gasoline and diesel fuel automobile fuel tanks. This standard applies to metal fuel tanks and plastic fuel tanks for M and N category automobiles. 2 Definitions
This standard adopts the following definitions.
2.1 Fuel tank
An independent tank assembly fixed to the automobile for storing fuel, which is assembled as a whole by the fuel tank body, refueling pipe, refueling port, fuel tank cap, pipe joints and other accessories. | |tt||2.2 Fuel leakage
Fuel falls from the fuel tank in a linear or drop-like manner. 2.3 Rated capacity
The volume of fuel filled as specified in the design parameters of the fuel tank. 2.4 Fire test liquid container
A flat-bottomed container used to burn fuel in a fire test. 2.5 Fire test shed
A flat plate covering the fire test liquid container in a fire test. 2.6 Fuel tank vulnerable parts
Depending on the shape and assembly method of the fuel tank Determine the part of the fuel tank that is most susceptible to impact damage. 2.7 Fuel tank ventilation device
Includes safety valve, intake valve, exhaust valve and exhaust port for fuel tank evaporative emission control. 2.8 Angle hammer
Steel impact body for plastic fuel tank testing. 3 Safety performance requirements
3.1 The rated capacity should be controlled at 95% of the maximum liquid capacity of the fuel tank. Gasoline tanks with a rated capacity of more than 95L must be equipped with a safety valve device. The safety valve device can be attached to the gasoline tank or in the accessory system. When the gasoline tank encounters a fire, this device can prevent the gasoline tank from rupturing due to the increase in internal pressure
3.2 Gasoline tanks equipped with a fuel evaporative emission system must have an exhaust port, which should be located above the oil level when the gasoline tank is full to ensure that evaporative emissions can be discharged from the gasoline tank at any time. Approved by the State Administration of Quality and Technical Supervision on January 10, 2001 and implemented on October 1, 2001
3.3 Sealing of the fuel tank cap
GB 18296 2001
The maximum leakage of the fuel tank cover shall not exceed 30g/min; the gasoline tank cover is not allowed to leak. 3.4 Safety valve opening pressurebzxZ.net
For fuel tanks equipped with safety valves, the opening pressure of the safety valve is 35~50kPa. After the safety valve is opened, the pressure in the fuel tank shall not be more than 5kPa higher than the opening pressure of the safety valve. 3.5 Vibration durability of fuel tanks
The fuel tank is tested in accordance with 4.3, and no leakage is allowed in the fuel tank. 3.6 Pressure resistance of metal fuel tanks
The metal fuel tank is tested in accordance with 4.4, and no leakage or cracking is allowed. 3.7 Pressure resistance of plastic fuel tanks
The plastic fuel tank is tested in accordance with 4.5, and no leakage or cracking is allowed, but permanent deformation is allowed. 3.8 Low temperature impact resistance of plastic fuel tanks
The plastic fuel tank is tested in accordance with 4.6, and no leakage is allowed in the fuel tank. 3.9 Heat resistance of plastic fuel tank
Plastic fuel tanks shall be tested according to 4.7, and no leakage is allowed in the fuel tank. 3.10 Fire resistance of plastic fuel tanks
Plastic fuel tanks shall be tested according to 4.8, and no leakage is allowed. 4 Test method
4.1 Sealing test of fuel tank cap
Add rated capacity of water into the fuel tank, cover the fuel tank cap, seal all other inlets and outlets, turn the fuel tank over until the center line of the filling port is perpendicular to the ground, wait for the fuel tank to stabilize for 15 seconds, use a stopwatch to time, use a measuring cup to collect water, and measure the leakage in 1 minute. 4.2 Safety valve opening pressure test
Cover the fuel tank cap, seal all other inlets and outlets of the fuel tank, and apply compressed air to the fuel tank to increase the pressure gradient in the fuel tank to 55kPa at a rate of 8kPa/min. 4.3 Vibration durability test
Fix the fuel tank in simulated loading form on the vibration test bench, add the rated capacity of water into the fuel tank, cover the fuel tank cap, seal all inlets and outlets, and conduct vibration test according to the provisions of Table 1. Table 1 Fuel tank vibration durability test requirements
Vibration acceleration
Vibration frequency
4.4 Metal fuel tank pressure test
Vibration time, h
Water volume
1/2 of the rated capacity
Fix the metal fuel tank in simulated loading form on the test device, seal all inlets and outlets, apply 80kPa pressure into the fuel tank and maintain the pressure for 30s.
4.5 Plastic fuel tank pressure test
Fix the plastic fuel tank on the test device in simulated loading form, maintain an ambient temperature of 53℃±2℃, add 53℃±2 (rated capacity) water into the fuel tank, cover the fuel tank cap, seal all inlets and outlets, apply 30kPa pressure into the fuel tank, and maintain the pressure for 5h. 4.6 Plastic fuel tank angle hammer impact test
Requirements for angle hammer: a steel impact body with an equilateral triangle side, a square bottom, a mass of 15kg, and a transition radius of 3mm between the vertex and the edge.
Fix the fuel tank on the test device in simulated loading form. Add a rated capacity of water into the fuel tank. A mixture of water and ethylene glycol or a non-corrosive low freezing point liquid (freezing point temperature below -50°C) is used. When the temperature of the liquid in the fuel tank drops to -40°C ± 2°C, use the top of an angle hammer to hit the vulnerable parts of the fuel tank with an impact energy of 30J. A new fuel tank sample should be used for each test of different parts. 4.7 Heat resistance test of plastic fuel tank
The fuel tank is fixed on the test device in a simulated loading form. 1/2 rated capacity of 20°C ± 2°C water is added to the fuel tank. It is placed at an ambient temperature of 95°C ± 2°C (such as placed in a water vapor medium of 95°C ± 2°C) for 1 hour. 4.8 Plastic Fuel tank fire resistance test
Requirements for the fire resistance test liquid container: its length and width should be 200-500mm larger than the horizontal projection size of the test fuel tank. The side should not exceed 80mm above the fuel liquid level, and it should be able to hold fuel that can burn for more than 5 minutes under free combustion conditions. Requirements for the fire resistance test shed: 70mm thick, made of refractory material, with evenly distributed long holes of 15mm×30mm in size on the plate, and the total area of ​​the long holes is equivalent to 60% of the area of ​​the plate. Fix the fuel tank on the test device according to the actual loading state. If the vehicle is equipped with components that affect the extension of the fire path, they should also be installed on the test device. Add 1/2 of the extra fuel to the fuel tank. A fixed volume of fuel of the same brand as the fuel used in the engine. During the test, all doors of the fuel tank should be closed, but the ventilation device should be in normal working condition. The test is carried out in four stages without being affected by wind: a) Pre-combustion stage
Place a container filled with gasoline (of the same brand as the fuel used in the engine) that can burn continuously for 5 minutes at a distance of 3m from the fuel tank and burn for 60s.
b) Direct flame contact stage
Immediately adjust the container so that the distance between the liquid level and the bottom of the fuel tank is the same as the height of the fuel tank from the road surface when the vehicle is empty. The position should allow the flame to contact the bottom and all sides of the fuel tank, and then expose the fuel tank to the flame for 60s. () Indirect flame contact stage
Immediately cover the container with a partition and keep it for 60s. d) End of the test
Immediately evacuate the burning container and the partition 3m away from the fuel tank. If the fuel tank is still on fire, it should be extinguished immediately. 71
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