This standard specifies the terms such as general terms for shaft and tunnel engineering, special shaft sinking methods, shaft and tunnel excavation, shaft sinking facilities, shaft equipment and passages, rock loading and shunting, shaft and tunnel support, shaft deepening, etc. This standard applies to all documents, standards, procedures, specifications, books, textbooks and manuals related to shaft and tunnel engineering. All English names in this standard are for reference only and do not have the same binding force as Chinese terms. GB/T 15663.2-1995 Coal Mine Science and Technology Terminology Shaft and Tunnel Engineering GB/T15663.2-1995 Standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net

National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Terms relating to coal mining-Shafting and drifting engineering1Subject content and scope of application
GB/T 15663.2--1995
This standard specifies the terms such as general terms for shaft and drifting engineering, special shaft sinking methods, shaft and drifting excavation, shaft sinking facilities, shaft equipment and passages, rock loading and shunting, shaft and drifting support, shaft and drifting deepening.
This standard applies to all documents, standards, regulations, specifications, books, periodicals, teaching materials and manuals related to shaft and drifting engineering. All English names in this standard are for reference only and do not have the same binding force as Chinese terms. 2 General terms
Term name
Mine construction
English name
mine construction
mine workings;
workings
vertical shaft;
inclined shaft;
incline ,slope
adit ;adit entry;
Approved by the State Bureau of Technical Supervision on August 7, 1995 60
Definition and explanation
A general term for a series of passages and chambers dug in coal seams or rock formations for coal mining operations, including shaft and tunnel construction, mine surface construction, and electromechanical equipment installation.
Serves underground mining, and is a vertical tunnel dug in the stratum
that reaches the ground directly.
Serves underground mining, and is a vertical tunnel dug in the rock mass
or ore layer that reaches the ground directly. Inclined channel on the ground
Serving underground mining, a horizontal channel excavated in rock mass
or ore layer and leading directly to the ground
Permitted use
Prohibited use
Synonyms
1996-04-01Implementation
Term name
2.10 Shaft nest
Mixed shaft
2.14 Ventilation shaft
Horse head gate
English name
shaft;slant
shaft mouth
shaft collar
shaft body
shaft sump
main shaft
auxiliary shaft;
subsidiary shaft
GB/T 15663.2—1995
Definition and explanation
Generally refers to vertical shaft and inclined shaft, also including
blind shaft. Usually consists of a shaft neck, a shaft body and a shaft nest, and a ground entrance and exit of a flat block. A section of shaft casing below the wellhead with thickened and strengthened shaft wall. A section below the shaft neck to the level of the shaft bottom parking lot or the lower end of the lifting device. A section of shaft casing below the shaft body. Mainly used for lifting and transporting minerals. Mainly used for lifting and transporting personnel, grinding stones, equipment, devices and air intake. Skip-cage combination. Shaft; shaft provided with skip and cage. Ventilating shaft; air shaft. Ingate; horsehead; roadway; road ,drift
driftentry;
horizontal drift
level drift
incline drift
/rock drift
rock roadway
vertical shaft equipped with skip and cage
mainly used for ventilation
the connection between the vertical shaft casing and the bottom parking roadway
serving underground mining, a general term for horizontal or inclined passages excavated in rock mass
or ore layer that do not directly reach the ground
nearly horizontal roadway
roadway with obvious slope
in the excavation section, the rock area
accounts for all or most of the roadway (generally greater than 4/5)
allowed to use
prohibited
synonyms
number term name
2.20 coal roadway
English name
I coal roadway;
coal road;
coal drift;gate
coal-rock drift
GB/T 15663. 2--1995
Definition and explanation
In the excavation section, the coal seam area
occupies all or most (generally greater than 4/5) of the road
In the excavation section, the area of ​​rock or coal
is between the rock road and the coal road
Shaft and road engineering shaft sinking and drift-ing
3 Special shaft sinking method
Term name
sinking;shaft sinking
driving ;drivage ;drive
English name
Special shaft sinking:
specific method of shaft
frozen well
sinking; special shaft
sinking method
freeze sinking method;
freeze sinking
step freezing
partial freezing
staggered freezing
The general term for the engineering of various channels and chambers dug underground for mining and permanent support operations of tunneling and support operations. The general definition and description of tunneling and support operations. A drilling method in which special techniques and processes other than drilling and blasting are used in unstable or water-rich strata. A special construction method of drilling a well after temporarily freezing and cementing the unstable strata around the tunnel using refrigeration technology and isolating the groundwater. The freezing depth required for a tunnel is divided into several sections, and the freezing method is carried out from top to bottom. Only a certain aquifer or unstable section of the tunnel is frozen. Freezing method
According to the
conditions of the formations at different depths of the well casing and the different requirements for the strength and thickness of the freezing wall, a freezing method with long and short freezers arranged at intervals is adopted
Synonyms of the words
Synonyms of the words
|Synonyms of the words
|Synonyms of the words
|Stage freezing
Differential freezing
; long and short leg freezing
No.Term name
3.6Freezing hole
Freezer
Freezing wall
Freezing period
Frozen wall shape
Frozen wall dimension
Frozen wall intersection
Freezing pressure
English name
freezing hole;
freeze hole
freezing apparatus
GB/T 15663.2-1995
Definition and description
Drilling hole for installing freezer
It is placed in the freezing hole and consists of freezing
pipe, liquid supply pipe, liquid return pipe, etc. It is used for circulating refrigerant and exchanging heat with the formation
.Metal
freezing wall with a bottom cone;ice wall
freezing period
formable period of
freezing wall
maintainable period of
freezing wall
connection of freezing
column,closure of
freezing wall; closure
of ice wall
pressure of freezing
wall; pressure of ice
wall; freezing
sure;ice pressure
Igrouting
A closed freezing circle with a certain thickness, depth and strength formed in the surrounding ground
layer by refrigeration technology
In order to form and maintain the freezing wall, the refrigerant is continuously supplied to the freezer
time, including the freezing wall formation period and the freezing wall maintenance period
The time from the beginning of freezing to reaching the freezing wall
design requirements
After the freezing wall is formed, the time to continue to supply the refrigerant to the freezer to maintain its
design requirements
The freezing cylinders of adjacent freezing holes gradually expand and connect with each other to begin to form a closed freezing wall
The phenomenon that the medium freezes and expands in volume and acts on the well wall or Pressure on the well wall
Construction technology of injecting water
mud or other slurry into water-bearing cracks,
cavities or unstable strata through drilling to block water or
reinforce the strata. According to the injection location, it can be divided into ground pre-grouting and
working face pre-grouting
allowed to use
prohibited to use
synonyms
synonyms
frozen soil wall ||t t||Active freezing:
Maintain freezing
period; passive
freezing period
Frost heave force
Term name
Grouting drilling
Grouting hole
Grout stop plug
Grout stop rock cap
Grout stop pad
Grout stop wall
English name
cementation
GB/T 15663. 2---1995
Definition and explanation
sinking;
grouting sinking
method
grouting hole
stop-grouting plug
rockplug
grout cover;
grouting pad
wall for grouting
grouting behind shaftand drift lining
grouting pressure
grouting final pressure of grout-
ing ;final grouting
pressure
3.24Shaft drilling method;
sinking by boring
method
Construction method of boring after grouting
Drilling hole for pressurizing slurry into the stratum
When using ground pre-grouting, install
a slurry control device in the grouting hole that temporarily does not grout the stratum or
section|
When pre-grouting the working face of the well, temporarily
stay above (in front of) the aquifer, which can||t When pre-grouting the rock shaft working face, a concrete structure that can withstand the maximum grouting pressure and prevent grout leakage and slurry escape to the excavation working face should be pre-built above the aquifer to withstand the maximum grouting pressure and prevent grout leakage and slurry escape to the excavation working face. In the section where grouting is required in the tunnel, pre-grouting Concrete structures that can withstand the maximum grouting pressure and prevent leakage and slurry running into the tunnel are constructed first. After the tunnel support, grouting is carried out behind the wall according to the design requirements. During grouting, the pressure required to overcome the flow resistance of the slurry and allow the slurry to diffuse within a certain range. The pressure at the grouting hole at the end of grouting. The pressure of ... mud
GB/T 15663.2—1995
Definition and description
The operation of drilling a well in the formation with a drilling rig
is made of water, clay and additives in a certain proportion, used for washing the well, protecting the wall and cooling the drill bit during drilling. Suspended
shaft wall protected by
mud column;shaft wall
protected by drilling
mud;mud off
cylindrical shaft wall
3.29 Suspended sinking
floating and dropping
method of cylindrical
shaft wall
mud purification!
I purification of drilling
flushing ;mud flush
consolidation of shaft
wall; grout injection of
shaft When the drilling method is used, the static pressure of the mud in the well is used to balance the ground pressure and water pressure, and the mud is allowed to penetrate into the surrounding rock to form a mud skin to maintain the well wall. The reinforced concrete cylinder or concrete cylinder prefabricated on the ground as the well wall is used. When the drilling method is used, after the drilling is completed, the prefabricated pot-bottom-shaped well wall bottom and the well wall cylinder are connected in the well cylinder filled with mud to overcome the buoyancy of the mud, so that it slowly sinks and is correspondingly extended and connected to the wall cylinder. The operation of sinking to the bottom of the well is to reuse the well washing mud after returning to the ground, and to carry the mud carried in it. ||The operation of separating the rock and soil debris from the wellbore
When drilling is used, the operation of using a continuous
flowing medium to remove the broken rock and soil
debris from the bottom of the well
After the wellbore tube is sunk to the bottom of the wellbore to be aligned and leveled
, a gelatinous
slurry with a relative density greater than that of the mud is injected into the annular space between the outer side of the wellbore shell and the well side through a pipeline to replace the mud from bottom to top and consolidate the wellbore shell
Permitted
Prohibited
Synonyms
Floating and sinking
Term name
Sinking blade foot
English name
caisson
GB/T 15663.2— 1995
Definition and explanation
The structure composed of cutting shoe and shaft tube
cutting shoe of caisson
drop shaft sinking;
vibration caisson
flooded caisson
3.38Thixotropic behind the wall
mud caisson
"Pneumatic caisson
caisson sinking;
shaft sinking by
caisson method.
caisson sinking method
under forced vibration
caisson sinking method
in submerged water
drop shaft sinking
method with mud filled
behind caisson
pneumatic caisson | curtain
method
sinking
When sinking a well by the sinking method, in order to reduce the frontal resistance of sinking, a blade-like structure is installed at the lower end of the caisson. In the unstable surface soil layer, the caisson's deadweight or pressure is utilized, and various resistance reduction measures are taken to make the caisson sink while excavating, and the well wall is extended accordingly. Under the action of vibration force, the soil around the sinking well is liquefied to reduce the sinking resistance. The caisson method is filled with water to balance the water and soil pressure (pressure) inside and outside the caisson, so as to prevent sand and mud accidents. In order to reduce the side resistance of the caisson, there are two methods: the caisson method with thixotropic mud behind the wall and the caisson method with compressed air behind the wall. In the caisson method, thixotropic mud is only poured around the periphery of the caisson to reduce the side resistance of sinking. A bottomless chamber is built at the bottom of the caisson and compressed air is filled to prevent sand and mud from gushing out during sinking. In the caisson drilling method, a section of structure with a diameter slightly larger than that of the caisson and a certain depth is pre-made around the well mouth. In the unstable topsoil layer, a hole is drilled around the well shell. A method of drilling a slot and pouring concrete to form a closed circular protective wall, and then drilling a well under its protection.
Synonyms allowed for use
Synonyms for use
Well caisson method
Vibrating caisson
Flooded caisson
Thixotropic slurry
Pneumatic caisson
Impermeable wall;
Underground continuous
Term name
4 Shaft and tunnel excavation
Term name
4.11 Parallel tunnel excavation
English name
trench hole
English name
GB/T 15663.2—1995
Definition and explanation
When the female curtain sinking method is adopted, the adjacent holes drilled are connected to each other continuously to form a ring-shaped groove with a certain depth
|Definition and explanation
shaft and drift excavat-
ing;shaft and drift ex-
cavation
shaft and drift construction)
sinking and drifting;
shaft and drift construction
stage pump room
pilot shaft
One time shaft
" Secondary tunnel
Conventional shaft sinking
4.81 sheet pile method
1 completed shaft-
sinking; simultaneous
shaftsinking
completed drift-
ing;simultaneous drift-
conventional shaft
sinking method
sheet pilling method
Carry out the operation of shaft excavation and temporary support
Carry out the operation of shaft excavation and permanent support
When digging a well, an alkali chamber excavated on the side of the well body for intermediate water transfer
is ahead of the working face of the well tunneling
a small water collection well
The three operations of excavation, permanent support and well tunnel installation are constructed in parallel and crosswise
The well tunnel construction method in which excavation, permanent support and water ditch excavation and masonry operations are carried out at a certain distance, and they cooperate with each other, connect front and back, and maximize
||Construction at the same time, tunnel to the bottom at one time
Construction method
In stable or less water-containing strata, a construction method of drilling and blasting or other conventional means of drilling wells
In unstable strata, sheet piles are first densely driven around the well
tunnel and then
"Construction method of tunneling and supporting wells
Synonyms of prohibited
Synonyms of prohibited
Term name
Wedge impact method
English name
wedging method
Shielding method;
shield method
GB/T 15663.2—1995
Definition and explanation
When excavating or repairing a tunnel in an unstable stratum or broken zone, wooden boards, steel sections or rails with sharp points are first driven in rows from the outside of the top beams and columns of the tunnel working face support, and then construction is carried out under the protection of the metal cylinders
In unstable strata, a method of first driving a metal cylinder and then carrying out tunnel construction under the protection of the metal cylinders
drilling and blasting
method
pilot heading|| method; method
mining method using drilling and charging blasting technology
For tunnels or bunkers, first advance with a small
pilot tunnel method,
section advance excavation, and then expand
pilot drift method
full-face excavating
method
bench face driving
face excavation method
wide working face
excavation method
single working face
method
broad face driving
method,wide face dri-
single heading
multiple heading
3|blindheading
a method of excavating the entire excavation section of a shaft or tunnel at one time
a method of advancing the excavation working face of a tunnel or blockhouse in a step-like manner
in coal and rock tunnel excavation, a method of excavating a coal seam wider than the designed width of the tunnel and filling the wider part with grindstone
a driving team performs all the excavation operations at only one working face in one tunnel
a driving team performs all the excavation operations at the same time
||Different processes of tunneling work are carried out in several adjacent working faces
Single working face in a very long tunnel
Synonyms of prohibited
Shield method
Drilling and blasting method
Multi-head tunneling
Term name
Through tunneling
Intersection
Net cross-sectional area
Driving section
5Drilling facilities
Term name
Drilling derrick
Headwheel platform
Unloading and grinding platform
Sealing plate
Fixed plate
English name
heading through;
working through ;
cutting through
junction,
intersection
net section;
clear section
excavated section
English name
sinking headframe;
sinking headgear
GB/T 15663. 2--1995
Definition and explanation
In tunneling, one or two working faces are used to connect with the predetermined tunnels and blockhouses in a predetermined direction
The intersection or bifurcation of the tunnel
The cross-sectional area effectively used by the tunnel
The cross-sectional area actually excavated during tunneling and
that meets the design requirements
Definition and explanation
A large three-dimensional structure at the wellhead dedicated to well drilling
sheave wheel platform
strike board;
strike tree
shaft cover
shaft collar
sinking stage;
sinking platform ;
A frame structure platform located at the top of the derrick specially used for installing various sheaves
It is specially used for bucket unloading
when digging a vertical shaft. The structure
set above the wellhead
is used for digging wells and ensuring the safety of the work. The
disk-shaped structure with a manhole cover door and an opening
set at the wellhead of the vertical shaft
is used for ensuring the safety of the well digging operation and carrying out the
well casing measurement and other operations. The
disk-shaped structure
set at a certain distance below the sealing
plate and fixed
to the well wall
serves the
permanent support
and installation of the vertical shaft casing and is suspended
scaffold; hanging scaf-
double-layer or multi-layer structure that can be raised or lowered
prohibited
allowed
synonyms
intersection
net section
excavation section gross section
allowed||synonyms
turning table
working table
term name
stable rope drum
safety ladder
15.11 wellhead shed
5.12 stable car shed
English name
guide rope
tensioning frame
crosshead;
sinking crosshead
safety ladder ;
emergency ladder
pit-head shed
winch shed
6 parallel equipment and channel
Term name
parallel equipment
tank beam
datum beam
English name
shaft equipment
bunton
beam for datum;
datum line beam
shaft beam
GB/T 15663.2—1995
Definition and explanation
During shaft construction, a steel wire rope suspended in the shaft casing and used as a guide for the lifting and lowering of the bucket is suspended above the working surface of the shaft casing, and is mainly used to fix and tighten the rope.
During shaft drilling, a steel wire rope is set above the lifting hook head and slides along the rope to prevent the bucket from swaying laterally during lifting and lowering. A metal ladder suspended above the working surface of the shaft casing during vertical shaft sinking, used for the safe ascent of personnel in an emergency. A temporary structure at the well mouth formed in conjunction with the well drilling frame. A temporary structure built near the well mouth during well drilling for the well drilling winch. Definition and description: A tankway beam and tankway installed in the shaft casing. , shaft beams, ladder rooms and various pipes, wires and other facilities are used to fix the rigid tankway. Beams are installed at certain intervals along the longitudinal direction of the shaft. The first layer of the shaft or every ~|tt|| certain distances are specially calibrated and used as the reference beams for installing the tankway beams of the layers below. The tankway is not installed in the shaft of the shaft. Synonyms for permitted use and prohibited use Synonyms of
Permitted use|Prohibited use
Synonyms of
Term name
Ladder room
6.8 Pipe room
Extended room
6.10 Sidewalk
6.11 Inspection road
6.12 Alkali avoidance
6.13 Safety road
Warm air road
6.15 Pipe road
English name
bunton hole;
beam nest
hanger
ladderway;
GB/T 15663.2—1995
Definition and explanation
A cave excavated or reserved in the wall of a shaft or tunnel for the installation of various beams.
When the tankway beams have been installed in the vertical shaft casing, it is a frame structure specially used for tankway installation and personnel lifting.
A ladder is installed in the shaft casing for installation.
ladder compartment;
travelling compartment
pipe compartment
sinking compartment
pedestrain way;
sideway;
travelling
Fully accessible compartment
A compartment in the shaft specifically for laying pipelines
A compartment in the shaft specifically reserved for the later
deepening of the shaft
A tunnel in a mine specifically for pedestrians or
A passage on the side of an inclined shaft and tunnel specifically for pedestrians
road; travelling way;
manway; foot path;bzxZ.net
walkway
service way:
maintaining roadway
refuge hole; manhole;
refuge pocket
reserve way;
escape way
preheated-air entry;
preheatedair inlet
pipe way
In the inclined shaft
of the shaft casing or tunnel equipped with a belt conveyor, the part of the passage paved with rails for the maintenance of equipment
A alkali chamber excavated on one side of the tunnel for personnel to avoid the dangers of driving or blasting operations
A pedestrian passage from the shaft casing through the neck of the shaft to the ground
In cold areas, a passage specially designed for underground transmission of warm air, from the air heating chamber at the wellhead to the neck
A passage specially used for the installation of drainage pipelines. Usually a section of the passage from the main drainage pump chamber to the auxiliary shaft where the drainage pipe is laid
Synonyms of "allowed use" and "prohibited use"
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