JB/T 10295-2001 Deep tillage and land preparation combined operation machine
Some standard content:
ICS65.060.20
Machinery Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
JB/T10295-2001
Combined implement for subsoiler and cultivating
Published on 2001-06-22
China Machinery Industry Federation
Implemented on 2001-10-01
JB/T10295—2001
This standard is formulated to meet the needs of agricultural production and to standardize the research, production, sales and product quality inspection of combined implement for subsoiler and cultivating in my country.
This standard is proposed and managed by the National Technical Committee for Agricultural Machinery Standardization. The responsible drafting unit of this standard: China Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences: The main drafters of this standard: Bai Yucheng, Liu Yundong, Gao Erguang, Yang Zhaowen. This standard is published for the first time.
1 Scope
Machinery Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
Combined implementfor subsoiler and cultivatingJB/T10295-2001
This standard specifies the evaluation indicators, safety requirements, technical requirements, test methods and inspection rules for the product quality of combined subsoiler and land preparation machines.
This standard applies to combined subsoiler and land preparation machines combined with subsoilers and drive-type land preparation machines that are matched with tractors. Other types of combined subsoiler and land preparation machines and subsoilers can refer to this for implementation. 2
Cited Standards
The provisions contained in the following standards constitute the provisions of this standard through reference in this standard. When this standard is published, the versions shown are valid. All standards will be revised, and parties using this standard should explore the possibility of using the latest version of the following standards. GB/T 699-1999
GB/T700-1988
GB/T 1144-1987
GB/T 1184-1996
GB/T 1592-1986
GB/T1804-2000
GB/T2828-1987
GB/T 3077-1999
GB/T3098.1-2000
GB/T 3098.2-2000
GB/T 3478.1-1995
GB/T3478.2-1995
GB/T 5668.11995
GB/T 9439-1988
GB/T 9440-1988
GB/T9480-2001||GB/T10095-1988
GB 10395.1-2001
GB10395.5-19 96
GB10396-1999
GB/T 11352-1989
High-quality carbon structural steel
Carbon structural steel
Dimensions, tolerances and inspection of rectangular splines
Tolerances of shape and positionTolerance values not specified
Power output shaft of agricultural tractors
General tolerancesTolerances of linear and angular dimensions without tolerancesBatch-by-batch inspectionCount sampling procedures and sampling tables (applicable to inspection of continuous batches)Alloy structural steel
Mechanical properties of fastenersMechanical properties of bolts, screws and studsFasteners
Module of cylindrical spur involute splinesBasic tooth gallery tolerancesDimensions of cylindrical spur involute splines with 30° pressure angleRotary tillage machinery
Gray cast iron parts
Can Forged iron castings
Rules for writing instructions for agricultural and forestry tractors and machinery, lawn and gardening power machinery Precision of involute cylindrical gears
Agricultural and forestry tractors and machinery
Safety technical requirements Part 1: General
Agricultural and forestry tractors and machinery
Safety technical requirements Part 5: Driven tillage machinery Agricultural and forestry tractors and machinery, lawn and gardening power machinery Safety signs and hazard graphics General
Casting carbon steel parts for general engineering
Approved by China Machinery Industry Federation on June 22, 2001 and implemented on October 1, 2001
GB/T11365-1989
GB/T 13306-1991
GB/T171261997
JB/T 5673-1991
JB/T8574-1997
JB/T9788-1999
3 Product model indication method
JB/T10295—2001
Bevel gears and hypoid gears
Agricultural tractors and machinery
Position of power take-off universal joint drive shaft and power input connecting device Painting of agricultural and forestry tractors and implements
General technical conditions
Model compilation rules
Agricultural implements
Subsoilers and subsoiler handles
Product models are compiled according to JB/T8574.
Product model representation method of subsoil joint tillage machine: SZL
Improvement code
Main parameter: Working width, cm
Category code: Subsoil joint tillage machine Classification code: Represents tillage machine
Improvement code: Prototype is not marked: Improved type is marked with letters A, B..·, the first improvement is marked with A, the second improvement is marked with B, and so on.
Marking example:
Subsoil joint tillage machine with a working width of 200cm is represented as: 1SZL-200
4 Evaluation index
Subsoil joint tillage machine shall be manufactured according to product drawings and technical documents approved by prescribed procedures and comply with the provisions of relevant standards. 4.1
The quality evaluation index of subsoil joint tillage machine shall be determined according to its technical level and quality level. The operating performance of subsoil joint tillage machine shall comply with the provisions of Table 1. Table 1
Stability of tillage depth
Vegetation coverage
Crushed soil rate
Within 10cm of the ground surface (≤4cm soil blocks)
Full tillage layer (≤&m soil blocks)
Surface flatness after tillage
Soil bulkiness
Soil disturbance coefficient
Power consumption
Unit slip rate
Quality assessment index
≤85% matching power
4.4 The reliability of use shall comply with the provisions of Table 2. No.
Effectiveness (A)
Mean time between failures (MTBF)
4.5 Safety requirements
JB/T10295—2001
Quality assessment index
4.5.1 The universal joint drive shaft shall have a reliable safety protection device, and the protection method shall comply with the provisions of 12.3 on universal joint drive shafts in GB10395.1-2001.
4.5.2 The protection of the top, rear, front and end of the deep tillage and land leveling combined operation machine shall comply with the corresponding provisions of 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 and 4.4 in GB10395.5-1996.
4.5.3 The power transmission shall be reliably cut off in the non-operating state. 4.5.4 Necessary safety signs shall be placed in obvious positions, and the signs shall comply with the provisions of GB10396. 5 Technical requirements
5.1 General technical requirements
5.1.1 Unmarked dimensional tolerances shall be selected according to Class C specified in GB/T1804. 5.1.2 Unmarked shape and position tolerances of parts shall be selected according to Class L specified in GB/T1184. 5.1.3 In important threaded connections (fastening connections of main structural parts such as cutter shafts, boxes, subsoiler plates, bearing seats, etc.), the mechanical properties of bolts and screws shall not be lower than Class 8.8 in GB/T3098.1, and nuts shall not be lower than Class 8 in GB/T3098.2. 5.1.4 Machined parts and stamped parts shall be smooth and flat, free of burrs and flash, and shall not have cracks and obvious wrinkles. 5.1.5 Castings and forgings shall not have obvious defects such as pores, slag inclusions, shrinkage and sand holes. Important castings shall be aged to eliminate internal stress.
5.1.6 Riveted parts should be firmly riveted, and deformation and damage are not allowed. 5.1.7 The welds of welded parts should be flat and smooth, and there should be no defects such as leaking welding, oxidation and burning. The welds of welded parts without weld height dimension marking should be firmly welded, and the weld height is determined by the parent material. 5.1.8 The material of the substitute material should not be lower than the material specified in the drawing. 5.1.9 For parts that need to be quenched, the corners of the shape should be rounded to eliminate the quenching stress concentration. 5.2 Technical requirements for main parts and components
5.2.1 Main castings and forgings
5.2.1.1 Grey cast iron parts shall be manufactured according to HT200 grey cast iron material specified in GB/T9439, and forgeable cast iron parts shall be manufactured according to KT350-10 forgeable cast iron material specified in GB/T9440. No pores are allowed within 10mm around the screw holes on the machined surface. 5.2.1.2 Deep sowing shovels and deep sowing shovel handles shall comply with the relevant provisions of JB/T9788. 5.2.1.3 The curved blade shall be made of 65Mn steel material with mechanical properties not lower than that specified in GB/T699. The curved blade shall be heat treated, and the hardness of the edge rate fire zone heat treatment is 48-54HRC, and the hardness of the non-fire zone is not lower than 32HRC. 5.2.2 Gears
5.2.21 Gears shall be made of 20CrMnTi material specified in GB/T3077, and materials with a quality that is equivalent to that of the above materials are allowed to be used.
JB/T10295—2001
5.2.2.2 The gears shall be surface carburized, the thickness of the carburized layer shall be 10%-15% of the gear module, the heat treatment hardness of the tooth surface quenching zone shall be 58~64HRC, and the core hardness shall be 33~48HRC. 5.2.2.3 The machining accuracy of bevel gear pairs shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB/T11365. 5.2.2.4 The machining accuracy of cylindrical gear pairs shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB/T10095. 5.2.3 Gear shafts and spline shafts
5.2.3.1 The basic dimensions of the spline at the extended end of the power input shaft shall comply with the provisions of GB/T1592, and the surface shall be heat treated with a hardness of 50-55HRC.
5.2.3.2 Gear shafts and spline shafts shall be made of 40Cr material specified in GB/T3077, and materials with equivalent quality to the above materials are allowed to be used. Gear shafts and spline shafts need to be tempered, with a tempering hardness of 240~269HB. 5.2.3.3 The dimensions and tolerances of the splines on other shafts shall comply with the provisions of GBT3478.1 and GB/T3478.2, and the spline fit shall be selected according to the coarser level specified in GB/T3478.1.
5.2.4 Universal joint transmission assembly
Universal joint transmission shafts and power input connection devices shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB/T17126. 5.3 Assembly technical requirements
5.3.1 All parts and components must be inspected and qualified, and purchased and outsourced parts must have an inspection certificate before assembly. 5.3.2 The transmission box assembly should be cleaned before assembly, including the box body, gears and other parts. During assembly, the meshing clearance of the bevel gear should be 0.22~0.61mm. After assembly, the power input shaft should be rotated by hand, which should be flexible and easy to rotate without any jamming, instability or vibration. 5.3.3 Tightness of main fasteners. The tightening torque of main fasteners (connecting the main beam, box, side plate, bearing seat and suspension mechanism and other main structural parts) shall not be less than 30N·m. 5.4 Technical requirements for the whole machine
5.4.1 After the whole machine is assembled, each lubrication point should be filled with calcium-based grease. Each connecting part should be tightened. The rotating parts should rotate flexibly without any jamming or collision.
5.4.2 Place the whole machine on the platform, and the height difference from the tip of the deep loosening shovel to the bottom of the beam shall not be greater than 10mm. 5.4.3 The whole machine should be tested for 30min of idling within the operating speed range, and there should be no abnormal noise in the transmission system during operation. After parking, check the following items:
a) The maximum idling torque of the power input shaft is not more than 15N·m for side transmission and not more than 20N·mb for intermediate transmission. The temperature rise of the lubricating oil in the box shall not exceed 25℃; c) There is no oil dripping on the dynamic joint surface of the box and no oil seepage on the static joint surface; d) All fasteners shall not be loose:
e) After the lubricating oil of the transmission box is filtered with a 100-mesh filter, its impurity content shall not exceed 20mg/kW. 5.4.4 Anti-rust grease shall be applied to the suspension pins and exposed rotating parts. 5.4.5 Painting shall comply with the relevant provisions of JB/T5673. 5.4.6 Transportation clearance requirements. Adjust the machine to the transportation position and measure the distance from its lowest point to the ground. The traction type is ≥110mm and the suspension type is ≥300mm.
6 Test method
6.1 Test conditions and preparation
6.1.1 Test site conditions
JB/T10295—2001
The test site should comply with the provisions of the instruction manual. The test site should be selected in a flat and representative field. There should be no floating stubble on the test site. The cutting height should not be greater than 20cm. The soil moisture content and soil firmness should be within the suitable range for cultivation. 6.1.2 Test unit status
The test prototype and its supporting power should be in good technical condition and should be used, adjusted and maintained in accordance with the provisions of the instruction manual. The tractor should not be replaced at will during the test.
6.1.3 Instruments and equipment used in the test
The instruments and equipment used in the test should be checked and calibrated, and the measuring instruments should be within the specified effective calibration period. The comparative test should be carried out under the same conditions.
6.1.4 Determination of test site conditions
6.1.4.1 Absolute soil moisture content
Five points are selected on the diagonal line of the test area. Samples are taken at 10 cm layers at each test point (the height of the entire surface of the highest layer should be greater than the maximum deep loosening depth to be measured). The sample volume of each layer is not less than 30g (stones and plant residues and other impurities are removed). Put it into a soil box and weigh it. Dry it at a constant temperature of 105℃ for about 6 hours until the mass remains unchanged. Then take it out and put it in a dryer to cool to room temperature and weigh it, and calculate the average values of the layers and the whole layer respectively. Or use a soil moisture meter to measure it.
6.1.4.2 Soil firmness
Measure it with a soil firmness meter. The measuring points correspond to the measuring points of soil moisture content, and the average values of the layers and the whole layer are calculated respectively. 6.1.4.3 Vegetation Condition
The measuring points correspond to the measuring points of soil moisture content. At each point, cut the vegetation exposed on the ground in an area of 1m×1m close to the ground, weigh its mass and calculate the average value of the five points.
6.2 Performance Test
6.2.1 Purpose and Measurement Items of Performance Test
6.2.1.1 The purpose of the performance test is to evaluate whether the operation quality of the deep tillage and land preparation combined operation machine meets the specified product design requirements. 6.2.1.2 Measurement items: tillage depth, tillage width, operation speed, soil crushing rate, vegetation coverage rate, soil bulkiness, surface flatness before and after tillage, soil disturbance coefficient, power consumption, and unit slip rate. 6.2.2 Performance Measurement
Before the test, a performance test plan is generally formulated according to the test requirements. For several parameters to be tested (such as knife roller speed, operation speed, tillage depth, etc.), making any of the parameters change by a certain amount is called a working condition. The same working condition should be measured for no less than three strokes, and adjacent strokes should be separated by a certain distance to ensure that the measurement is not disturbed. 6.2.2.1 Plowing depth and its stability
6.2.2.1.1 Determination of deep tillage depth
In the measurement area, five points are selected on the diagonal line (the number of deep tillers to be measured depends on the actual operation situation) and measured with a tillage depth gauge or other measuring instruments. Determination method: For flat land, measure the vertical distance from the bottom of the tillage ditch to the ground surface, which is the deep tillage depth; for cultivated land, the vertical distance from the bottom of the deep tillage ditch after tillage to a certain horizontal reference line minus the vertical distance of the full horizontal reference line of the ground surface at that point is the deep tillage depth. Calculate the average tillage depth, coefficient of variation and stability coefficient for each stroke and each working condition respectively. a) The stroke value is calculated according to formula (1):
b) The working condition value is calculated according to formula (2):
Where: a
JB/T10295—2001
2(aa,)2
S×100%
S×100%
Average value of deep plowing depth in the j-th stroke, cm; Deep plowing depth value of the ith point in the j-th stroke, cm; Number of measuring points;
Standard deviation of deep tillage depth of j-th stroke, cm; Coefficient of variation of deep tillage depth of j-th stroke: Coefficient of stability of deep tillage depth of j-th stroke; Average value of deep tillage depth of working condition, cm:
Number of strokes in the same working condition;
Standard deviation of deep tillage depth of working condition, cm;
Coefficient of variation of deep tillage depth of working condition;
U—Coefficient of stability of deep tillage depth of working condition. 6.2.2.1.2 Determination of soil preparation depth
Measured with a tillage depth gauge or other measuring instrument, measuring one point at a certain interval along the forward direction of the unit, 11 points on the left and right of each stroke, the calculation method is the same as 6.2.2.1.1. Calculate the average tillage depth, coefficient of variation and stability coefficient of each stroke and each working condition. 6.2.2.2 Tillage width and its stability
When measured, it should correspond to the soil preparation depth measurement point, the calculation method is the same as 6.22.1.1. Calculate the average tillage width, coefficient of variation and coefficient of stability for each stroke and each working condition.
6.2.2.3 Operating speed
Calculate the forward speed of the unit according to formula (3): 6
Where: - Operating speed, m/s:
JB/T10295-2001
- Distance the unit advances during the measurement time, m; - Measurement time, S.
6.2.2.4 Soil crushing rate
Measure one point in each stroke and take samples along the tillage direction. In an area of 0.5m×0.5m, measure the mass of soil blocks with the longest side less than 4cm and the total mass of soil blocks within 10cm below the surface, the mass of soil blocks with the longest side less than 8cm and the total mass of soil blocks in the entire tillage layer, and calculate the soil crushing rate according to formula (4) and formula (5). a) 10cm inner tillage layer:
G× 100%
Where: Cio——soil crushing rate of 10cm inner tillage layer; Gs10——total mass of soil blocks less than 4cm in 10cm inner tillage layer, kg; Gjo——total mass of soil blocks in 10cm inner tillage layer, kg b) Full tillage layer:
three×100%
Where: C——soil crushing rate of full tillage layer;
G mass of soil blocks less than 8cm in full tillage layer, kg:
G total mass of soil blocks in full tillage layer, kg
6.2.2.5 Vegetation coverage rate
For each working condition, there shall be no less than three measuring points, and the method shall be the same as that in 6.1.4.3. The vegetation and residual mass of the surface after tillage shall be measured, and the average value shall be calculated. The vegetation coverage rate shall be calculated according to formula (6).
Where: F vegetation coverage:
average value of vegetation and residue mass before tillage, g; W - average value of surface vegetation and residue mass after tillage, g. 6.2.2.6 Soil bulkiness
Measure one point in each trip. Before and after tillage, use a tillage layer section plotter to draw the untilled surface line, the tilled surface line and the deep loosening ditch bottom line at the same position perpendicular to the forward direction of the unit. Calculate the cross-sectional area from the surface before tillage to the theoretical deep loosening ditch bottom (the bottom line of the ditch formed by the tip of the deep loosening shovel) and the cross-sectional area from the surface after tillage to the theoretical deep loosening ditch bottom. Calculate the soil bulkiness according to formula (7). AA×100%..
Where: p
Soil bulkiness:
Ah - cross-sectional area from the surface after tillage to the theoretical deep loosening ditch bottom, am2; A. - cross-sectional area from the surface before tillage to the theoretical deep loosening ditch bottom, am2. (7)
6.2.2.7 Surface flatness before and after tillage
JB/T10295—2001
It is measured simultaneously with soil bulkiness. On the surface lines before and after tillage drawn when measuring soil bulkiness, a horizontal straight line is drawn through the highest point as the reference line. A certain width (equivalent to the tillage width of the prototype machine) is taken at an appropriate position, and the line is divided equally into 5 cm intervals. The vertical distances from the surface before and after tillage to the reference line are measured at the equally divided points. The average value and standard deviation are calculated according to the method in 6.2.2.1.1. The standard deviation is used to represent the flatness. 6.2.2.8 Soil disturbance coefficient
After measuring the uncultivated surface line, the cultivated surface line and the deep plowing ditch bottom line, the cross-sectional area from the surface before tillage to the theoretical deep plowing ditch bottom and the cross-sectional area from the surface before tillage to the actual deep plowing ditch bottom are calculated, and the soil disturbance coefficient is calculated according to formula (8). A×100%
Where: y—soil disturbance coefficient:
A—cross-sectional area from the surface before tillage to the actual deep plowing ditch bottom, cm2. 6.2.2.9 Power consumption
Power consumption consists of two parts, one is traction power consumption and the other is drive power consumption. The traction power consumption is calculated by measuring the consumed traction and the forward speed of the tractor. The drive power consumption (including the power consumption of the universal joint transmission parts) is expressed as the output power of the tractor power output shaft. It is recommended to use the electrical measurement method. The torque and speed of the tractor power output shaft are measured simultaneously in the full stroke to calculate the drive power consumption. 6.2.2.10 Unit slip rate
Measure the idle and working distances of the tractor rear drive wheel (or crawler) when the tractor rotates the same number of revolutions in the measurement area, and calculate the unit slip rate according to formula (9).
6=S-×100%.
Where: S—slip rate of the unit (negative value means slippage); S—the distance that the rear drive wheel (or crawler) moves forward after n turns when the unit is idling, m; S—the distance that the rear drive wheel (or crawler) moves forward after n turns when the unit is operating, m. 6.3 Production test
6.3.1 Requirements for production test
. (9)
Before mass production, no less than two prototypes shall be put into production test. The supporting power shall be compatible with the requirements of the test and necessary accessories and tools shall be available.
6.3.2 Pure working hour productivity
The prototype shall be checked for three shifts in a row, with each shift working for no less than 6 hours, and the time shall be accurate to minZo
Where: E Pure working hour productivity, hm/h: Ocb—the shift operation volume of production check, hm; T. Pure working time of production check shift, h. 6.3.3 Shift hourly productivity
Where: E—shift hourly productivity, hm2h; JB/T10295—2001
9——shift workload during production assessment, hm2; T—shift operation time during production assessment, h. 6.3.4 Reliability assessment
The timed truncation test method is adopted, and the total working time of each test prototype is 120h. During the test, the working condition, failure condition and repair condition of each prototype are recorded, and the effectiveness and mean time between failures (MTBF) of the prototype are calculated. 6.3.4.1 Effectiveness
Where: A—effectiveness;
T, shift operation time during production assessment, h; X100%
T—fault elimination time of the prototype during each shift during production test, h. 6.3.4.2 Mean time between failures
MTBF-ZT,R.
Where: MTBF-mean time between failures, h; R is the total number of general and serious failures that occurred during the production assessment period, excluding minor failures. (12)
If a major or fatal failure (involving personal injury or death, failure that causes the machine to not work properly due to quality reasons, or major economic losses) occurs during the production assessment period, the effectiveness and mean time between failures will be unqualified. R-0 means that no general or serious failures occurred during the production assessment period. 6.4 Preparation of test report
6.4.1 Requirements
After the test, the observation, measurement and calculation results should be sorted out, a test report should be written, and all original records should be compiled and bound into a book for verification.
6.4.2 Contents
a) Test overview:
b) Introduction to the structure and technical features of the test prototype (including photos of the prototype): c) Test results and analysis, based on the test results and user feedback, combined with the test conditions to comprehensively analyze the prototype's operating quality, supporting performance, adaptability, economy, reliability and the advancement of the prototype's technical indicators; d) Test conclusions and suggestions:
e) List of test leaders and main participants. 7 Inspection rules
7.1 Sampling method
7.1.1 The sampling method shall be in accordance with the provisions of GB/T2828. 7.1.2 Random sampling shall be adopted, and random sampling shall be conducted from the products produced by the manufacturer in the past six months. When sampling in the factory, the product inventory shall be no less than 16 units (sets), and sampling in the user and distribution departments shall not be subject to this limit. 7.1.3 Two sampling units shall be selected for the whole machine assessment.
7.1.4 When the ordering unit samples the product quality, it can be carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB/T2828. The qualified quality level and inspection batch shall be determined by the supplier and the ordering party through negotiation. If the contract stipulates, it shall be carried out in accordance with the contract. 7.1.5 For the factory inspection of products, the manufacturer may exempt or reduce the inspection of performance items according to its own product quality level. Evaluation method
7.2.1 According to the degree of influence of the inspected items on the product, determine the unqualified classification, see Table 3. Table 3
Unqualified classification
Safety requirements
Crushing rate of the tillage layer within 10cm of the surface
Mean time between failures (MTBE)
Stability of deep tillage depth
Stability of land preparation depth
Vegetation coverage
Power consumption
Surface flatness after tillage
Soil disturbance coefficient
Soil bulkiness
Heat treatment hardness of quenching area of deep tillage blade
Effectiveness
Transmission box cleanliness
Deep tillage depth
Land preparation depth
Unit slip ratebZxz.net
Sealing performance||t t||Power input shaft idling torque
Tightening degree of main fasteners
Installation height of deep tiller
Transportation clearance
Appearance quality of paint
Adhesion capacity of paint film
2Sampling judgment See Table 4, AQL is the qualified quality level, Ac is the qualified judgment number, Re is the unqualified judgment number, 7.2.2
Unqualified classification
Sampling plan
Qualified judgment
Number of sample items
Inspection level
Sample code
3Evaluate item by item and judge by category, and judge the product quality by the lowest requirement achieved in the unqualified classification. 7.2.3
Instructions for use, marking, packaging, transportation and storage 8
The content of the instruction manual should comply with the provisions of GB/T9480C
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