Product of designations of origin or geographical indication-Tangqi loquat
Some standard content:
ICS 67.080.10
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T 19908—2005
Product of geographical indication
Tangqi loquat
Product of geographical indication-Tangqi loquat
Issued on September 26, 2005
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China Administration of Standardization of the People's Republic of China
Implemented on January 1, 2006
GB/T19908—2005
This standard is formulated in accordance with the Provisions on the Protection of Products with Geographical Indications and CB17924—1999 "General Requirements for Products of Origin". Appendix A of this standard is a normative appendix, and Appendix B is an informative appendix. This standard is proposed and formulated by the National Working Group on Standardization of Products of Origin. This standard is initiated by: Yuhang Branch of Hangzhou Quality and Technical Supervision Bureau, Yuhang District Agricultural Bureau. Hangzhou Yuhang Tangqi Loquat Professional Cooperative. The main drafters of this standard are: He Fuquan, Xu Yexin, Zhu Ruying, Yang Yonghua. 1 Specification
Geographical indication product Tangqi Loquat
GB/T19908—2005
This standard specifies the geographical indication product protection scope, terms and definitions, requirements, test methods, inspection rules and signs, labels, packaging, transportation and storage of Tangqi Loquat.
This standard applies to Tangqi Loquat approved for protection by the national quality supervision, inspection and quarantine administrative department in accordance with the "Regulations on the Protection of Geographical Indication Products".
2 Normative references
The clauses in the following documents become the clauses of this standard through reference in this standard. For dated references, all subsequent amendments (excluding errata) or revisions are not applicable to this standard. However, parties that reach an agreement based on this standard are encouraged to study whether the latest versions of these documents can be used. For undated references, the latest versions apply to this standard. GB/T8855 Sampling methods for fresh fruits and vegetables GB/T13867 Fresh loquat
GB18406.2 Safety requirements for agricultural products and pollution-free fruits GB/T18407.2 Safety requirements for agricultural products and pollution-free fruits NY/T 394 Guidelines for the use of green food fertilizers Order No. 75 of the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine: Measures for the Metrological Supervision and Management of Quantitatively Packaged Commodities 3 Scope of protection of geographical indication products
Limited to the scope of protection approved by the national quality supervision, inspection and quarantine administrative department in accordance with the "Regulations on the Protection of Geographical Indication Products", that is, the areas under the jurisdiction of Tangqi Town, Renhe Town and Chongxian Town, Yuhang District, Hangzhou City. See Appendix A. 4 Terms and Definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this standard. 4.1
Tangqi loquat
Loquat (Eriobotrya japonicum Lindl.) grown and produced within the scope specified in Chapter 3 and in compliance with the provisions of this standard. 5 Requirements
5.1 Natural Environment
Tangqi loquat production area is located in the Qiantang River, the alluvial plain of the river + its seven phases are river, river, lake and pond sediment phases, the soil is fertile, rich in phosphorus, potassium and calcium, pH 6.9. The rivers in the production area form a network, and ponds are like chess pieces, scattered throughout the area. The annual average temperature is 15.9℃, the effective accumulation of 10℃ reaches 4930.5℃, the frost-free period is 243d, the annual average sunshine is 1944.6h, the annual average precipitation is 1320.9mm, the annual average relative air humidity is 78%, and the temperature is high. The main crops planted in the production area are mulberry and rice, and the production environment meets the requirements of GB/T18407.2. 5.2 Main varieties of loquats
White sand: soft white sand, etc.; red sand: flat-headed Dahongpao, Baozhu, Daye Yangdun, Jiajiao (jiao), etc. 5.3 Cultivation technology
For cultivation technology, please refer to Appendix B.
GB/T 19908--2005
Fruit quality
5.4. 1 Quality requirements
All kinds of loquats should be pure varieties, fresh fruits, with the inherent color, flavor and texture of this variety when mature, complete fruit stalks, fresh, free of pests and diseases and obvious mechanical injuries. There should be no fallen fruits. 5.4.2 Grading specifications
Fresh batch fruits within the above quality requirements are divided into two grades according to Table 1 and Table 2. 5.4.3 Sensory indicators
Sensory indicators shall comply with the requirements of Table 1.
Table 1 Sensory indicators
Fruit surface color
Soft white sand
Flesh color
Flat-headed Dahongpao
Large leaves and tender
Angle (foot)
External dirt
Physiological disorders
Pests and diseases
Mechanical injury
Physical and chemical indicators
Neat, straight and full: it has the characteristics of this variety. Good coloring and bright. Rust area is 3% deep orange-red
Light yellow love color
Complete·Length ≤15 anftl
No
Basically complete
No good needs, sunburn, cracked fruit
No
No mechanical injuries such as crushing and abrasion
The physical and chemical indicators should meet the requirements of Table 2.
Basically positive, no deformed fruit
If the color is good, the area of the bait is %, a small amount of green spots are allowed at the base
Milky white
Orange-red
Practical orange-yellow
Retained: Length ≤ 20 mm
A small amount of impurities are allowed. No odorous objects, and some capsules are retained
A small amount is allowed
No
No obvious mechanical problems
Table 2 Physical and chemical indicators
Single nest weight/g
Soft strip white sand
Flat head Dahongpao
Big leaf mound
Angle ()
Soluble solids/(lu)
Total acid content/(g/100 mL) ≤
Edible rate (5)
Net weight or quantity
5.4.5 Hygienic index
Soft white sand
Flat head Dahongpao
Big leaf poplar
Angle (foot)
Soft white sand
Flat head Dahongpao
Big leaf poplar
Angle (foot)
Hygienic indexes shall comply with the provisions of GB18406.2. 6 Test methods
6.1 Sensory index
According to the provisions of GB/T13867.
6.2 Physical and chemical indexes
6.2. 1 Single fruit weight
According to the provisions of GB/T 13867.
6.2.2 Soluble solids
According to the provisions of GH/T13867,
6.2.3 Total acid content
According to the provisions of GB/T13867.
6.2.4 Edible rate
According to the provisions of GB/13867.
6.2.5 Net weight or quantity
Table 2 (continued)
GB/T 199D8—2005
According to the provisions of the Order No. 5 of the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of China, use an electronic scale with a sensitivity of 50, remove the outer shell and weigh the base or use the counting method to compare with the indicated value. 6.3 Hygiene indicators
According to the provisions of GB184C6,2.
Inspection regulations
7.1 Group batches
Batches of the same production unit, the same variety, the same grade, picked on the same day, and the same packaging date are considered as one inspection batch. 7.2 Sampling
Perform according to the provisions of GB/T8855. One inspection batch is considered as one sampling batch. Three samples should be randomly selected from different parts of a sampling batch
GB/T19908--2005
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7.3 Inspection classification
Inspection is divided into field (delivery) inspection and type inspection. 7.3.1 Field (delivery) inspection
The production unit shall conduct inspection before each batch of products is delivered (delivered). Only after passing the inspection can it be delivered (delivered), and the product certificate shall be attached. The items for delivery inspection are sensory index, net quantity, packaging and labeling. 7.3.2 Type inspection Type inspection is to inspect all technical indexes of the product according to 5.4. Type inspection should be carried out in the following cases: a) The production environment has changed significantly; h) The quality and technical supervision agency has put forward the type inspection requirement; 7.4 Judgment rules 7.4.1 The total qualified product rate of sensory index shall not exceed 7%. No more than two items of physical and chemical indexes are unqualified, and all hygiene indexes are qualified + it is judged as Herong product. 7.4.2 If the total unqualified rate of sensory indicators exceeds 7%, or more than two unqualified items of physical and chemical indicators, or the mark is unqualified, the product is judged to be unqualified.
7.4.3 When the sensory and physical and chemical indicators are unqualified, the product can be sampled and re-tested from the manufacturer's inspection approval. If it meets the requirements of 7.4.1 after re-testing, the product is judged to be qualified. Otherwise, it is judged to be unqualified. 7.4.4 If one of the hygiene indicators is unqualified, it is judged to be an unqualified product and re-testing is not allowed. 7.4.5 If the mark and packaging inspection is unqualified, re-testing is allowed after rectification. 8 Marking, packaging, transportation, storage
8.1 Marking
The sales packaging of the product should be marked with the product name, grade, net weight, place of origin, packaging date, production unit, product standard number, trademark, and special mark for geographical indication products.
8.2 Packaging
The product is packed in boxes or pallets. The packaging box should be firm and meet the requirements of food hygiene. 8.3 Transportation
The products should be transported in a clean, hygienic and odor-free environment. They should not be mixed with toxic substances. It is strictly forbidden to expose them to the sun and to be handled with care. Refrigerated transportation tools should be used for long-distance transportation.
8. 4 Storage
The products should be stored in a clean, dry and ventilated warehouse: the temperature of the cold storage should be controlled at 5℃-8℃: it is strictly forbidden to mix them with toxic or odorous items.
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Appendix A
(Normative Appendix)
Map of the geographical indication product protection area of Qiangqi Piquat
代学城
Figure A, 1 Map of the origin of Tangqi loquat
CB/T 19908—2005
GB/T 19908—2005
B. 1 Seedlings
B.1.1 Stock Seedlings and Stock
Appendix B
(Informative Appendix)
Cultivation Technology
B.1.1.1 Seeds: Select fully mature loquat seeds with a grain weight of ≥2.0 as seeds. B.1.1.2 Selection of nursery sites: Select a garden site with loose, fertile soil, convenient drainage and irrigation, and shade as the nursery site. B.1.1.3 Preparation of seedbeds: Prepare the surrounding land into a seedbed with a width of 1.2m, a ditch depth of 30cm, coarse soil at the bottom and fine soil at the top, and a slightly turtle-back shape. B.1.1.4 Sowing: Wash the seeds and sow them immediately after drying. Broadcasting or drilling (strip width 10cm, strip spacing 25ctn) is acceptable. Seeding rate: Broadcasting 150kg/hm (1hm2-567m), drilling 60kg/hm*. After sowing, lightly press to make half of the seed enter the soil, and then cover with 1cm thick loose organic matter.
B.1.1.5 Transplanting seedlings: Transplant the seedlings in October of the current year or early March of the next year. Apply 4000kg/hm2 of fully decomposed organic fertilizer before transplanting. The row spacing is 15cm×25cm. B.1.1.6 Stock seedling cultivation: During the growth period of stock seedlings, apply 1% compound fertilizer (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content 15% each) liquid once a month, timely cultivate and weed, prevent diseases and insects, and cover with sun nets from mid-July to the end of August. B.1.2 Grafting
B.1.2.1 Gluewood: 8cm above the first lateral root, diameter 0.8cm, well-developed root system, healthy, B.1.2.2 Grafting: Pure variety, strong growth of 12 to 30 years old mother tree, the middle section of the upper and middle outer crown of the full early summer shoots (Da Hong Pao) and spring shoots (other varieties except Renhong) as scion. Scion should be grafted immediately after harvesting, if it is to be preserved, it must be kept fresh. B. 1.2.3 Grafting: Grafting can be done in spring and summer. Digging grafting and cutting grafting are both acceptable. Cut grafting, cut the top of the seedling 6cm~10cm away from the first lateral root, select the smooth side and cut a 2.5cm long incision straight down from the cortex with a little wood; cut a 3cm long long cut surface on the left or right lower end of the grafted bud on the scion, and then cut a 0.5cm long short cut surface on the back of the long cut surface to make it wedge-shaped, leaving two buds, and cut the scion 0.5cm above the upper grafted bud. Insert the scion into the cut of the tree with the long cut surface inward, and make the two cambium layers of the scion and the bud close together, then wrap it tightly with a film tape, at least one bud is exposed. After grafting, cut the scion in time and water it. For storage, it should be stored in sand. B, 1. 3 Cultivation of grafted seedlings
Check the success rate 20~30 days after grafting, and regraft those that have not survived. After survival, the film that hinders the budding of the grafted bud should be broken in time. Timely remove the rootstock sprouts, weed, prevent diseases and insects, drain and resist early, apply thin fertilizer once a month from March to October. Cover the shade net from mid-July to the end of August, B.1.4 First tree selection
B.1.4.1 Seedling quality specifications: qualified seedlings are divided into 2 levels, and unqualified seedlings shall not be exported as productive plants. Qualified seedlings are graded according to the specifications in Table B.1. All qualified seedlings should have good healing at the grafting interface, no quarantine objects, no other pests and diseases, and no mechanical injuries. Table B.1 Tangxi loquat grafted seedling classification specifications Grade
·Annual
Biennial
Seedling diameter/
Number of leaves!
Number of roots!
30~-39
10.8~0. 9
56--59
1. 1--1, 2
Number of leaves!
Number of thick roots!
With
upper lateral branches
GB/T 19908-2005
B.1.4.2 Seedling lifting, wrapping, and transportation: Seedling lifting in early March or 10 pieces. The vertical and horizontal diameters of the soil ball of the seedling with soil ball shall not be less than 25 times the diameter of the root neck of the seedling, and each plant shall be wrapped with straw. It must be placed vertically during transportation; 90% of the leaves of the exposed-root seedlings shall be cut off, leaving only the petioles, and the roots shall be mud-rooted. 50 annual seedlings per bundle, 25 biennial seedlings per bundle, use agricultural film inside, and use woven bags outside to wrap the roots tightly, and hang the inner and outer labels. The label shall indicate the variety, grade, seedling name, seedling raising date, and geographical indication product special mark. When trading seedlings, the specifications in Table B.1 shall be followed, and the sample shall be 3% to 5% of the number of seedlings in the batch. Unqualified seedlings and seriously injured seedlings shall not be counted in the transaction number. Secondary seedlings (secondary seedlings in the first-level seedlings) can be resolved through negotiation between the supply and demand parties. B.2 Garden construction
High ground close to water bodies should be selected, with the groundwater level below 1m from the ground surface. The whole garden should be plowed 40m deep, and three ditches should be matched: that is, a drainage ditch of 50cm deep is dug every 40m to 48m, and a 40cm deep ditch is dug every 4m. A root neck ditch of 5cm to 0cm deep is dug from the root neck to the ditch on one side of each loquat tree. The sleeping surface is shaped into a distinct turtle back, with plant spacing: 4.5m×4m for varieties with open crowns (such as Dahongpao, etc.); 4tn×4m for varieties with upright crowns (such as Baozhu, etc.). Put 10kg of substrate (such as coal sand, snail spider shells, etc.) at each planting point, and then build a bun-shaped planting mound with a height of 40cm (after tamping) and a bottom diameter of 1II. Place the seedling in the center of the planting mound (exposed seedlings stretch their roots), and add soil until the roots are not exposed (soil ball seedlings with soil ball When the soil is level), tamp it down, apply 5kg of organic fertilizer per plant in a circle 15cm away from the stem of the seedling, and then cover it with 5cm thick fine soil. - At least two varieties should be planted in the garden, and the ratio of the main variety to the pollination variety should be 4:1. B.3 Fertilizer, water and soil management
B.3.1 Fertilizer management
B.3.1.1 Base fertilizer: Apply mature organic fertilizer deeply in mid-September, accounting for 50% of the annual fertilizer application. B.3.1.2 Forced fertilizer: Apply topdressing once in late March and one week before fruit harvest. Apply imported compound fertilizer and urea shallowly. Account for 20% and 30% of the annual fertilizer application respectively.
B.3.1.3 Foliar fertilizer: Spray \.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.3% urea once during the rapid fruit expansion period and flower bud formation period. B.3.1.4 Fertilizer application amount: Apply 400kg of organic fertilizer, 8kg of compound fertilizer and 8kg of urea for every 100kg of fruit. Fertilization The standard is in accordance with the provisions of NY/T394.
B.3.2 Water management
Timely drain the ditch and drain the water, and the ditch should reach 10 times the water level of the rain. B.3.3 Weir management
B.3.3.1 The mud dug up during ditch cleaning should be placed in the center of the bank. B.3.3.2 In December, add 3cm thick foreign soil on the tree circle. B.3.3.3 During the plum rain season, grass will grow, and during the summer season, mow and cover the tree circle. At other times, clear the land. Peng, 4 Shaping and pruning
Prune and sparsely form the natural shape.
B.4.1 Shaping
B.4.1.1 Select auxiliary branches: After the first replacement of the side shoots 10cm long, select 3~4 strong side shoots as auxiliary branches, and remove the other side shoots:
B.4.1.2 In mid-March of the second year, select three strong side shoots with suitable orientation (120 degrees angle) at 60cm~80cm from the ground as the first
B.4.1.3 From the third to the fifth year, in March or early June, select 5 to 9 side branches from different directions at appropriate positions on the central trunk as the main branches + the main branches are 35cm to 40cm apart on the central trunk. Remove the redundant side branches and select 2 to 3 secondary branches at appropriate positions on each main branch. The secondary branches are 40cm to 50cm apart on the main branches. When the plant height exceeds 3.When the tree is 5m tall, the top should be cut and the nearby side branches should be lifted to replace the tree top. Strong buds sprouting from the cut top should be removed in time. After harvesting in the 6th year, the auxiliary branches should be removed. B.4.2 Pruning
B.4.2.1 When the spring, summer and autumn shoots grow to 5cm long, only two side pins on the left and right sides of the auxiliary main branches should be left and the rest of the side shoots should be removed. GB/T19908-2005
B.4.2.2 Pruning: When the front end of the main branch droops, it should be braided back to the stronger side branch in late February; when the distance to the adjacent crown is less than 30cm, it should be retracted to the side branch 50cm away from the adjacent crown after picking the fruit; the secondary main branch that is close to or longer than the main branch should be retracted to the side branch 30cm shorter than the main branch after picking the fruit; if the position of the long branch is not suitable, it can be removed at the base; if the position is suitable, it can be used to renew the main branch, secondary main branch and large side branch; timely thin out the dense branches, diseased and insect-infested branches, and upside-down branches; after picking the fruit, the weak branches of the branches that have borne fruit should be removed from the base, and the long branches should be cut off after leaving 10cm~～15cm.
B.5 Flower and fruit management
B. 5. 1 Thinning and thinning fruits
B.5.1.1 Thinning and thinning: Carry out in late October. For trees in the initial fruiting stage and trees with saplings, remove all the top of the crown, and leave pedicles on 1/2 of the remaining branches: for mature trees, leave pedicles on 2/3 of the total branches of the tree. B.5.1.2 Thinning fruits: Carry out in late March. For large-fruited varieties, such as Dahongpao and Dayeyangdun, leave 1 or 2 fruits on each bunch; for small-fruited varieties, such as Baozhu, leave 2 to 3 fruits on each bunch; for medium-fruited varieties, such as Ruantiao Baisha, leave an average of 2 fruits on each bunch. B.5.2 Fruit baggingbzxz.net
Bag the fruits immediately after thinning. For small-fleshed varieties, bag them in double-layer ultra-thin kraft paper bags with black inside and light yellow outside, and for red-fleshed varieties, bag them in single-layer white special fruit bag paper bags.
B.5.3 Anti-freeze
In the first ten days of January, cover the ears of flowers and fruits with paper bags. When the temperature drops below -5℃, spray the surface fertilizer frequently. After February 20, when the temperature is below -3℃ and there is heavy frost, smoke should be generated in the garden from 2:00 to 6:00 in the morning. B.5.4 Anti-sunburn
In the mid-May fruit chlorosis and color change period, when the sky is more than 30%, cloudless or a little cloud, windless or breezy, cover the tree crown with a sunshade net in the morning, and remove the net after 16:00 when you get off the car.
B.5.5 Anti-cracking fruit
If bagging is not implemented, there will be heavy rain in mid-to-late May. Cover the tree crown with agricultural film before the rain and remove the film after the rain. B.6 Disease prevention and pest control
B.6.1 Principles of prevention and control
Based on comprehensive agricultural prevention and control, actively adopt biological and physical prevention and control, and use appropriate chemical prevention and control. B.6.2 Prevention and control measures
a) Improve the cultivation level and enhance the resistance of trees; b) Use biological agents to protect the enemy:
) Use light to lure phototactic pests, and use motor oil emulsion to kill lizards: d) Chemical prevention and control includes disease prevention and pest control,
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