This standard sets out requirements for an occupational health and safety management system, which is intended to enable an organization to control occupational health and safety risks and improve its night effectiveness. It does not set out specific occupational health and safety performance criteria, nor does it make specific provisions for designing a management system. This standard applies to any organization that wishes to: a) establish an occupational health and safety management system to eliminate or reduce the occupational health and safety risks faced by employees and other relevant parties due to the organization's activities; b) implement, maintain and continuously improve the occupational health and safety management system; c) satisfy itself that it can comply with the declared occupational health and safety policy; d) confirm this compliance to the outside world; e) seek certification of its occupational health and safety management system by an external organization; f) self-identify and declare compliance with this standard. All requirements in this standard are intended to be incorporated into any occupational health and safety management system. The extent of its application depends on factors such as the organization's occupational health and safety policy, the nature of its activities, and the risks and complexity of its operations. This standard is aimed at occupational health and safety, not product and service safety. GB/T 28001-2001 Occupational Health and Safety Management System Specification GB/T28001-2001 Standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net

ICS_13.100
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T28001—2001
Occupational health and safety management system
Occupational health and safety management systemSpecification
2001-11-12 Issued
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China
2002-01-01 Implementation
Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Occupational health and safety management system requirements
4.1 General requirements
Occupational health and safety policy
Implementation and operation
Inspection and corrective measures
Management review
Appendix A (Informative) GB/T28001-2001 and GB/T 24001
Figure 1 Occupational health and safety management system model
Figure 2 Occupational health and safety policy
Figure 3 Planning
Figure 4 Implementation and operation
Figure 5 Inspection and corrective measures
Figure 6 Management review
GB/T 28001—2001
1996, GB/T19001--2000
GB/T28000 Occupational Health and Safety Management System" standard system structure is as follows: Occupational health and safety management system specification:
Occupational health and safety management system guide.
GB/T280012001
This standard is formulated with consideration of the compatibility with GB/T24001-1996 "Environmental Management System Specification and Application Guide" and GB/T19001-2000 "Quality Management System Requirements" to facilitate organizations to combine occupational health and safety, environment and quality management systems. Appendix A gives the connection between GB/T 28001 and GB/T 19001-200C. This standard covers all technical contents of OHSAS18001:1999 Occupational Health and Safety Management System Specification, and examines the technical contents of existing international documents on occupational health and safety management systems. This standard does not intend to contain all the necessary clauses in a contract. Users should be responsible for the application of this standard. Compliance with the provisions of the technical standard does not exempt the user from the corresponding legal responsibilities. Appendix A of this standard is an informative appendix.
This standard is proposed and approved by China Standards Research Center. The drafting units of this standard are: China Standards Research Center, China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment, China Import and Export Assessment Accreditation Center. The main drafters of this standard are: Chen Yuanqiao, Chen Quan, Liu Zhuohui, Li Qiang, Kou Dian, Wu Jing, Gong Fengtai, Jiang Yinbai. 1 Scope
Occupational Health and Safety Management System Specification
GB/T 28001--2001
This standard puts forward the requirements for occupational health and safety management system, so as to enable an organization to control occupational health and safety risks and improve its performance. It does not put forward specific occupational health and safety performance standards, nor does it make specific provisions for the design of management system. This standard applies to any organization that wishes to: a) establish an occupational health and safety management system to eliminate or reduce the occupational health and safety risks that employees and other interested parties may face due to the organization's activities;
6) implement, maintain and continuously improve the occupational health and safety management system; c) ensure that it meets the declared occupational health and safety policy; d) confirm this compliance externally,
e) seek certification of its occupational health and safety management system by an external organization; f) self-assess and declare compliance with this standard. All requirements in this standard are intended to be incorporated into any occupational health and safety management system. The extent of its application depends on factors such as the organization's occupational health and safety policy, the nature of its activities, and the risks and complexity of its operations. This standard is aimed at occupational health and safety, not product and service safety. 2 Normative references
The clauses in the following documents become the clauses of this standard through reference in this standard. For all dated referenced documents, all subsequent amendments (excluding errata) or revisions are not applicable to this standard. However, parties to agreements based on this standard are encouraged to investigate whether the latest versions of these documents can be used. For any undated referenced document, the latest version shall apply to this standard. GR/T 19000—2000 Quality Management System Fundamentals and Vocabulary (IDT ISO 90002000) 3 Terms and Definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this standard.
accident
An unexpected situation that causes death, illness, injury, damage or other losses. 3-2
Audit
See the definition in 3.9, 1 of GB/T 19000—2000. 3.3
Continuous improvementThe process of strengthening the occupational health and safety management system in accordance with the occupational health and safety policy in order to improve the overall performance of occupational health and safety. Note: This process does not necessarily occur in all areas of activity at the same time. 3.4
hazard
The root cause or state that may lead to injury or illness, property loss, damage to the working environment or a combination of these situations. GB/T 28001 ---2001
Hazard identification The process of identifying the existence of hazards and determining their characteristics. 3.6
Incident
A situation that leads to or can lead to an accident,
Note: An incident whose result is not\4disease, injury, damage or other intended loss can also be called\|near-mixes\. In English, the term\incident\ includes\|car isscs\.
Interestcd parties
Individuals or groups related to or affected by the organization's occupational health and safety performance.3.8
Nun-conformance
Any deviation from work standards, practices, procedures, regulations, management system performance, etc., which can directly or indirectly lead to injury or disease, property loss, damage to the working environment, or a combination of these situations.3.9
Objectives
The goals to be achieved by the organization in terms of occupational health and safety performance.3.10
Occupational health and safetyoccupatinnal health and Occupational health and safety (OHS) refers to the conditions and factors that affect the health and safety of employees, temporary workers, contractors, visitors and others in the workplace. 3.11
Occupational health and safety management system system (OHSMS) is a part of the overall management system that facilitates the management of occupational health and safety risks related to the organization's business. It includes the organizational structure, planning activities, responsibilities, practices, procedures, processes and resources required to develop, implement, achieve, review and maintain occupational health and safety policies. 3.12
Organization
See the definition in 3.3.1 of GB/T19000--2000. Note: For an organization with more than one operating unit, a single operating unit can be regarded as an organization. 3.13
Performance
The measurable results of the occupational health and safety management system related to the control of occupational health and safety risks of the organization based on the occupational health and safety policy and objectives.
Note 1: Performance measurement includes the measurement of occupational health and safety management activities and results. Note 2: "Performance" can also be called "performance". 3.14
Risk
The combination of the probability and consequence of a specific hazardous situation. 3.15
Risk assessment
The whole process of evaluating the size of a risk and determining whether the risk is tolerable. 3.16
Safety
The state in which the risk of irreversible damage is eliminated. 3.17
tolerable risk
Tolerable risk
The risk that has been reduced to a level acceptable to the organization in accordance with its legal obligations and occupational health and safety policy. 4 Elements of occupational health and safety management systems
4.1 General requirements
GB/T28001--2001
The organization shall establish and maintain an occupational health and safety management system. Chapter 4 describes the requirements for the occupational health and safety management system. The occupational health and safety management system model is shown in Figure! Continuous improvement
Occupational health and safety
Management review
Implementation and operation
Inspection and corrective measures
Figure 1 Occupational health and safety management system model
4.2 Occupational health and safety policy
The occupational health and safety policy is shown in Figure 2,bzxZ.net
GB/T 28001:-2001
Management review
Occupational health
Safety policy
Figure 2 Occupational health and safety policy
Feedback on performance measurement
The organization should have an occupational health and safety policy approved by the top management. The policy should clearly state the overall occupational health and safety standards and the commitment to improving occupational health and safety performance. The OH&S policy should: a) be appropriate to the nature and scale of the organization's OH&S risks; b) include a commitment to continual improvement; c) include a commitment to comply with, at a minimum, current OH&S legislation and other requirements accepted by the organization; d) be documented, implemented and maintained; e) be communicated to all employees so that they are aware of their OH&S obligations; f) be accessible to interested parties; and be reviewed regularly to ensure that it remains relevant and appropriate to the organization. 4.3 Planning As shown in Figure 3, OH&S policy implementation and operation Figure 3 Planning 4.3.1 Planning for hazard identification, risk assessment and risk control Feedback on performance measurement The organization shall establish and maintain procedures for the ongoing identification of hazards, risk assessment and implementation of necessary control measures. These procedures should include:
routine and non-routine activities;
activities of all persons entering the workplace (including contractors and visitors); facilities in the workplace (whether provided by the organization or by external parties). 4
GB/T 28001—2001
The organization should ensure that the results of these risk assessments and the effectiveness of controls are taken into account when establishing occupational health and safety objectives, and that this information is documented and updated in a timely manner.
The organization's methods for hazard identification and risk assessment should: be determined based on the scope, nature and timeliness of the risk to ensure that the method is proactive rather than reactive; specify risk classification and identify risks that can be eliminated or controlled by the measures specified in 4.3.3 and 4.3.4; be consistent with operating experience and the capabilities of the risk control measures taken; provide input information for determining facility requirements, identifying training needs and (or) conducting operational controls; specify monitoring of the required activities to ensure their timely and effective implementation. 4.3.2 Regulatory and other requirements
The organization shall establish and maintain procedures to identify and obtain applicable regulatory and other occupational health and safety requirements. The organization shall promptly update information on relevant regulatory and other requirements and communicate this information to employees and other relevant stakeholders. 4.3.3 Objectives
The organization shall establish and maintain documented occupational health and safety objectives for its relevant internal functions and levels. If feasible, the objectives should be quantified
When establishing and reviewing occupational health and safety objectives, the organization shall consider: Regulatory and other requirements:
Occupational health and safety hazards and risks;
Alternative technical solutions:
Financial, operational and business requirements:
Opinions of relevant parties.
The objectives shall be consistent with the occupational health and safety policy, including a commitment to continual improvement. 4.3.4 Occupational Health and Safety Management Plan
The organization shall establish and maintain an occupational health and safety management plan to achieve its objectives. The plan shall include documented: a) the responsibilities and authorities assigned to the relevant functions and levels of the organization to achieve the objectives; b) the methods and timetable for achieving the objectives.
The occupational health and safety management plan shall be reviewed regularly and at planned intervals and, if necessary, revised in response to changes in the organization's activities, products, services or operating conditions. 4.4 Implementation and operation Implementation and operation As shown in Figure 4, 4.4.1 Structure and responsibilities Implementation and operation Inspection and corrective measures Figure 4 Implementation and operation Feedback on performance measurement Personnel who are engaged in management, execution and verification work that have an impact on the occupational health and safety risks of the organization's activities, facilities and processes should determine their roles, responsibilities and authorities, document them, and communicate them in order to facilitate occupational health and safety management. The ultimate responsibility for occupational health and safety lies with the top management. The organization shall designate a member of the top management (e.g. a member of the board of directors or executive committee in a large organization) as the management representative to assume specific responsibilities to ensure that the OH&S management system is implemented and that the requirements are enforced in all positions and areas of operation within the organization. Management shall provide the necessary resources for the implementation, control and improvement of the OH&S management system. Note that resources include human resources, special skills, technology and financial resources. The management representative of the organization shall have clear roles, responsibilities and authorities to: a) ensure that the requirements of the OH&S management system are established, implemented and maintained in accordance with this standard; b) ensure that the OH&S management system performance report is submitted to the top management for evaluation and to provide a basis for improving the OH&S management system.
All persons with management responsibilities demonstrate their commitment to continuous improvement of OH&S performance. 4.4.2 Training, awareness and competence
Personnel whose work may affect OH&S in the workplace shall have appropriate work competence. The organization shall make appropriate provision for its competence in terms of education, training and/or experience, and establish and maintain procedures to ensure that employees at all relevant functions and levels are aware of: the importance of complying with the OH&S policy, procedures and OH&S management system requirements; the actual or potential OH&S consequences of their work activities, and the OH&S benefits of their work income; the roles and responsibilities in implementing the OH&S policy and procedures and achieving the OH&S management system requirements, including emergency preparedness and response requirements (see 1.4.7); the potential consequences of deviations from specified operating procedures. The training procedures shall take into account the different levels of: responsibilities, competence and degree of competence: risks; 4.4.3 Consultation and communication The organization shall have procedures to ensure that relevant OH&S information is communicated to employees and other interested parties. The organization shall document arrangements for employee participation and consultation and communicate them to interested parties. Employees shall: Participate in the development and review of risk management policies and procedures; Participate in discussions on any changes that affect occupational health and safety in the workplace; Participate in occupational health and safety corporate affairs; Know who the employee representatives and designated management representatives are for occupational health and safety (see 4.4.1). 4.4.4 Documentation The organization shall establish and maintain the following information in an appropriate medium (e.g. paper or electronic form): a) Describe the core elements of the management system and their interactions; b) Provide access to relevant documents. Note that it is important to keep the number of documents as small as possible for effectiveness and efficiency. 4.4.5 Document and data control
The organization shall establish and maintain procedures to control all documents and data required by this standard to ensure that: a) Documents and data are easy to find; b) Documents and data are reviewed regularly, revised when necessary, and confirmed by authorized personnel for their suitability; c) All positions that play a key role in the effective operation of the occupational health and safety system can obtain the current version of relevant documents and data:
GB/T28001-2001
d) Invalid documents and data are promptly withdrawn from all distribution and use sites, or other measures are taken to prevent misuse; e) Filed documents and data retained for regulatory and (or information retention needs are appropriately marked. 4.4.6 Operational Control
The organization shall identify operations and activities related to identified risks requiring control measures. The organization shall plan these activities (including maintenance work) to ensure that they are performed under specified conditions by: 8) establishing and maintaining documented procedures for operations that deviate from the OH&S policy and objectives due to the lack of documented procedures;
b) specifying operating criteria in the procedures;
c) establishing and maintaining procedures for identified OH&S risks in goods, equipment and services purchased and/or used by the organization and communicating relevant procedures and requirements to suppliers and contractors. d) establishing and maintaining procedures for the design of workplaces, processes, plants, machinery, operating procedures and work organization, including consideration of adaptation to human capabilities, in order to eliminate or reduce OH&S risks. 4.4.7 Emergency Preparedness and Response
Plans and procedures shall be established and maintained to identify potential incidents or emergencies and to respond to them in order to prevent and reduce the illness and injury that may result.
The organization should review its emergency preparedness and response plans and procedures, particularly after an incident or emergency has occurred. If practicable, the organization should also test these procedures regularly. 4.5 Inspection and corrective action
Inspection and corrective action are shown in Figure 5.
Implementation and operation
4.5.1 Performance measurement and monitoring
Inspection and correction
Management review
Figure 5 Inspection and corrective action
Feedback on performance measurement
The organization should establish and maintain procedures for routine monitoring and measurement of OH&S performance, and the procedures should include: - Qualitative and quantitative measurements appropriate to the needs of the organization; Monitoring of the degree to which the organization's OH&S objectives are met: Proactive performance measurement, i.e. monitoring of compliance with the OH&S management program and operating guidelines and applicable regulatory requirements; - Passive performance measurement, i.e. monitoring accidents, illnesses, incidents\ and other historical evidence of adverse occupational health and safety performance; - Record adequate monitoring and measurement data and results to enable subsequent analysis of corrective and preventive actions. If performance measurement and monitoring require equipment, the organization shall establish and maintain procedures for the calibration and maintenance of such equipment, and keep records of calibration and maintenance activities and their results.
4.5.2 Accidents, incidents, nonconformities, corrective and preventive actions 1) Including the \near-miss\ in the note to 3.6 GB/T 28001—2001
The organization shall establish and maintain procedures to define the relevant responsibilities and authorities for a) handling and investigating:
- an accident;
incident;
nonconformity;
b) taking measures to reduce the impact of an accident, incident or nonconformity; c) taking corrective and preventive actions and completing them; d) confirming the effectiveness of the corrective and preventive actions taken. These procedures should require that all proposed corrective and preventive actions are reviewed through the risk assessment process before they are implemented. Any corrective or preventive action taken to eliminate the cause of actual and potential nonconformities should be commensurate with the severity of the problem and the occupational health and safety risks faced.
The organization shall implement and record any changes to the documented procedures resulting from corrective and preventive actions. 4.5.3 Records and record management
The organization shall establish and maintain procedures for the identification, retention and disposal of occupational health and safety records and the results of audits and reviews. Occupational health and safety records should be legible, clearly identified, and traceable to related activities. Occupational health and safety records should be retained and managed in a manner that is easy to access and avoids damage, deterioration or loss. Retention periods should be specified and recorded. Records should be kept in a manner appropriate to the system and organization and used to demonstrate compliance with the requirements of this standard. 4.5.4 Audit
The organization shall establish and maintain an audit programme and procedures to conduct regular audits of the occupational health and safety management system to: a) determine whether the occupational health and safety management system: 1) conforms to the planned arrangements for occupational health and safety management, including the requirements of this International Standard; 2) is correctly implemented and maintained;
3) effectively meets the organization's policies and objectives; b) review the results of previous audits;
c) provide management with information on the audit results. The audit programme, including scheduling, shall be based on the results of the risk assessment of the organization's activities and the results of previous audits. The audit procedure shall include the scope, frequency, methods and capabilities of the audits, as well as the responsibilities and requirements for conducting the audits and reporting the audit results. Whenever possible, audits shall be conducted by persons who have no direct responsibility for the activities being audited. Note: "Personnel without direct responsibility" here does not mean that they must come from outside the organization. 4.6 Management review
Management review is shown in Figure 6.
Inspection and corrective measures
Internal factors
Management review
Occupational health and safety policy
Figure 6 Management review
External factors
GB/T 280012001
The top management of the organization shall review the occupational health and safety management system at prescribed intervals to ensure the continued suitability, adequacy and effectiveness of the system. The management review process shall ensure that necessary information is collected for management to evaluate. Management review shall be documented.
The management review shall indicate the occupational health and safety management system policy, objectives and other elements that may need to be modified based on the results of the occupational health and safety management system audit, changes in the environment and commitment to continuous improvement.4 Audit
The organization shall establish and maintain an audit program and procedures to conduct regular audits of the occupational health and safety management system in order to: a) determine whether the occupational health and safety management system: 1) conforms to the planned arrangements for occupational health and safety management, including meeting the requirements of this standard; 2) is correctly implemented and maintained;
3) effectively meets the organization's policies and objectives; b) review the results of previous audits;
c) provide management with information on the audit results. The audit program, including the schedule, shall be based on the results of the risk assessment of the organization's activities and the results of previous audits. The audit procedure shall include the scope, frequency, methods and capabilities of the audit, as well as the responsibilities and requirements for conducting the audits and reporting the audit results. Whenever possible, audits shall be conducted by persons who have no direct responsibility for the activities being audited. Note: "Personnel without direct responsibility" here does not mean that they must come from outside the organization. 4.6 Management review
Management review is shown in Figure 6.
Inspection and corrective measures
Internal factors
Management review
Occupational health and safety policy
Figure 6 Management review
External factors
GB/T 280012001
The top management of the organization shall review the occupational health and safety management system at prescribed intervals to ensure the continued suitability, adequacy and effectiveness of the system. The management review process shall ensure that necessary information is collected for management to evaluate. Management review shall be documented.
The management review shall indicate the occupational health and safety management system policy, objectives and other elements that may need to be modified based on the results of the occupational health and safety management system audit, changes in the environment and commitment to continuous improvement.4 Audit
The organization shall establish and maintain an audit program and procedures to conduct regular audits of the occupational health and safety management system in order to: a) determine whether the occupational health and safety management system: 1) conforms to the planned arrangements for occupational health and safety management, including meeting the requirements of this standard; 2) is correctly implemented and maintained;
3) effectively meets the organization's policies and objectives; b) review the results of previous audits;
c) provide management with information on the audit results. The audit program, including the schedule, shall be based on the results of the risk assessment of the organization's activities and the results of previous audits. The audit procedure shall include the scope, frequency, methods and capabilities of the audit, as well as the responsibilities and requirements for conducting the audits and reporting the audit results. Whenever possible, audits shall be conducted by persons who have no direct responsibility for the activities being audited. Note: "Personnel without direct responsibility" here does not mean that they must come from outside the organization. 4.6 Management review
Management review is shown in Figure 6.
Inspection and corrective measures
Internal factors
Management review
Occupational health and safety policy
Figure 6 Management review
External factors
GB/T 280012001
The top management of the organization shall review the occupational health and safety management system at prescribed intervals to ensure the continued suitability, adequacy and effectiveness of the system. The management review process shall ensure that necessary information is collected for management to evaluate. Management review shall be documented.
The management review shall indicate the occupational health and safety management system policy, objectives and other elements that may need to be modified based on the results of the occupational health and safety management system audit, changes in the environment and commitment to continuous improvement.
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