This standard specifies the site selection principles for municipal solid waste incineration plants, requirements for municipal solid waste incineration plants, basic technical performance indicators of incinerators, and pollutant emission limits for incineration plants. This standard applies to the design, environmental impact assessment, completion acceptance, and pollution control and supervision during the operation of municipal solid waste incineration facilities. GB 18485-2001 Municipal solid waste incineration pollution control standard GB18485-2001 standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net

ICS 13. 030. 01
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB18485—2001
Replaces HJ/T18—1996, GWKB 3--2000 Standard for Pollution Control on the Municipal Solid Waste Incineration
Standard for Pollution Control on the Municipal Solid Waste Incineration2001-11-12Published
2002-01-01Implementation
State Environmental Protection Administration
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine
GB 18485-2001
This standard is specially formulated to implement the "Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution by Solid Wastes" and reduce the secondary pollution caused by the incineration of domestic waste.
The content of this standard (including the implementation date) is equivalent to the "Pollution Control Standard for Incineration of Domestic Waste" (GWKB3-2000) issued by the State Environmental Protection Administration on February 29, 2000. From the date of implementation of this standard, it replaces GWKB3-2000. Appendix A of this standard is the appendix of the standard.
This standard shall be interpreted by the State Environmental Protection Administration. 876
1 Scope
Pollution Control Standard for Incineration of Domestic Waste
GB 18485-2001
This standard specifies the site selection principles for domestic waste incineration plants, requirements for domestic waste entry into plants, basic technical performance indicators of incinerators, and pollutant emission limits for incineration plants.
This standard applies to the design, environmental impact assessment, completion acceptance, and pollution control and supervision and management during the operation of domestic waste incineration facilities.
2 Cited Standards
The provisions contained in the following standards are cited in this standard and constitute the provisions of this standard, and have the same effect as this standard. GB5085.3—1996 Identification standard for hazardous wastes - Identification of leaching toxicity GB5086.15086.2—1997 Leaching toxicity of solid wastes Leaching method GB5468—1991 Boiler smoke test method GB8978—1996 Comprehensive sewage discharge standard GB12348—1990 Industrial enterprise boundary noise standard GB14554-1993 Emission standard for odor pollutants GB/T15555.1~15555.11-1995 Determination method for leaching toxicity of solid wastes GB/T16157—1996 Determination of particulate matter in exhaust gas from stationary pollution sources and sampling method for gaseous pollutants HJ/T20—1998 Technical specifications for sampling and preparation of industrial solid wastes When the above standards are revised, the latest version should be used. 3 Definitions
3.1 Hazardous waste
Waste that is included in the national hazardous waste list or is identified as hazardous according to the national hazardous waste identification standards and identification methods. 3.2 Incinerator
A device that uses high-temperature oxidation to treat domestic waste. 3.3 Processing capacity
The mass of waste incinerated by the incinerator per unit time. 3.4 Flue gas residence time
The residence time of the combustion gas from the last air injection port or burner to the heat exchange surface (such as the heat exchanger of the waste heat boiler, etc.) or the cold air injection port of the flue.
3.5 Incineration slag
The residue directly discharged from the furnace bed after the incineration of domestic waste. 3.6 Thermal loss rate
The percentage of the mass of the incineration slag reduced by incineration to the mass of the original incineration slag, which is calculated as follows: 877
GB 18485-2001
Where: P-
The thermal loss rate, %;
A--The mass of the original incineration slag after drying at room temperature, g; B--The mass of the incineration slag after incineration at 600℃±25℃ for 3h and then cooled to room temperature, g. 3.7 Dioxins
The general term for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans. 3.8 Toxicity equivalent of dioxins (TEQ)
The toxicity equivalent factor of dioxins (TEF) is the ratio of the affinity of dioxin toxic congeners to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin for Ah receptors. The toxic equivalent of dioxins can be calculated by the following formula: TEQ = Z (concentration of dioxin toxic congeners × TEF) 3.9 Standard state
The state when the flue gas temperature is 273.16K and the pressure is 101325Pa. 4 Principles for site selection of municipal solid waste incineration plants
The site selection of municipal solid waste incineration plants should comply with the provisions of the local overall urban and rural construction plan and environmental protection plan, and meet the requirements of local air pollution prevention and control, water resources protection, and nature conservation. 5 Requirements for entry of municipal solid waste into the plant
Hazardous wastes shall not be allowed to enter the municipal solid waste incineration plant for treatment. 6 Technical requirements for storage of municipal solid waste
The solid waste entering the municipal solid waste incineration plant should be stored in the solid waste storage bin. The solid waste storage bin should have good anti-seepage performance. The interior of the storage bin should be in a negative pressure state, and the primary air required for the incinerator should be extracted from the solid waste storage bin. The solid waste storage bin must also be equipped with a sewage collection device to collect leachate and other sewage. 7 Technical requirements for incinerators
Technical performance indicators of incinerators
The technical performance requirements of incinerators are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 Technical performance indicators of incinerators
Flue gas outlet temperature
≥850
≥1 000
7.2 Technical requirements for smokestacks of incinerators
7.2.1 Requirements for the height of smokestacks of incinerators
Flue gas residence time
Slag thermal ignition reduction rate of incinerators
Oxygen content in flue gas at the outlet of incinerators
6～12
The height of smokestacks of incinerators shall be determined according to the requirements of environmental impact assessment, but shall not be lower than the height specified in Table 2. Table 2 Requirements for the height of smoke stacks of incinerators
Processing capacity
100300
Minimum allowable height of smoke stack
Note: * If there are multiple waste incinerators in the same plant area, the total processing capacity of each incinerator shall be used as the basis for evaluation. 878
GB 18485—2001
7.2.2 When there are buildings within a radius of 200m around the smoke stack of the incinerator, the smoke stack shall be more than 3m higher than the highest building. For smoke stacks that cannot meet this requirement, the emission limits of atmospheric pollutants shall be strictly implemented at 50% of the limits specified in Table 3. 7.2.3 For domestic waste incineration plants composed of multiple incinerators, the flue gas shall be concentrated into one smoke stack or discharged in a multi-tube collective manner. 7.2.4 The smoke stack or flue of the incinerator shall be equipped with permanent sampling holes and a sampling and monitoring platform in accordance with the requirements of GB/T16157. 7.3 The dust removal device of the municipal solid waste incinerator must use a bag dust collector. 8 Pollution emission limits for municipal solid waste incineration plants
8.1 Emission limits of atmospheric pollutants from incinerators
The emission limits of atmospheric pollutants from incinerators are shown in Table 3. Table 3 Emission limits of atmospheric pollutants from incinerators
Flue gas blackness
Carbon monoxide
Nitrogen oxides
Sulfur dioxide
Hydrogen chloride
Dioxins
Ringmann blackness, level
ng TEQ/m3
Numerical meaning
Measured mean
Measured value 2)
Hourly mean
Hourly mean
Hourly mean
Hourly mean
Measured mean
Measured mean
Measured mean
Measured mean
1) The standard limits specified in this table are all converted with dry flue gas containing 11% 02 under standard conditions as the reference value. 2) The maximum blackness time of flue gas shall not exceed 5 minutes in any 1 hour. 8.2 Emission limits for odor from municipal solid waste incineration plants
The emission limits for ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan and odor concentration from the plant boundary shall be implemented in accordance with the index values ​​of the corresponding levels in Table 1 of GB14554 according to the area where the municipal solid waste incineration plant is located.
8.3 Emission limits for process wastewater from municipal solid waste incineration plants The process wastewater from municipal solid waste incineration plants must be treated by the wastewater treatment system. The treated water should be recycled first. When it must be discharged, the maximum allowable emission concentration of pollutants in the wastewater shall be implemented in accordance with GB8978. 9 Other requirements
9.1 Disposal requirements for incineration residues
9.1.1 Incineration slag and incineration fly ash collected by dust removal equipment shall be collected, stored and transported separately. 9.1.2 Incineration slag shall be treated as general solid waste, and incineration fly ash shall be treated as hazardous waste. Solid waste discharged from other exhaust gas purification devices shall be judged as hazardous waste according to GB5085.3 hazardous waste identification standard. If it is hazardous waste, it shall be treated as hazardous waste. 9.2 Noise control limit of domestic waste incineration plant Noise control limit of domestic waste incineration plant shall be implemented in accordance with GB12348. Detection method
10.1 Monitoring operating conditions requirements
GB 18485—2001
When conducting daily supervisory monitoring of incinerators, the operating conditions during sampling should be the same as the normal operating conditions, and neither the personnel of the municipal solid waste incineration plant nor the personnel implementing the monitoring should arbitrarily change the operating conditions. 10.2 Incinerator performance inspection
10.2.1 The flue gas residence time shall be inspected according to the incinerator design book. 10.2.2 The outlet temperature shall be measured at the center of the combustion chamber outlet with a thermocouple. 10.2.3 The thermal ignition reduction rate of the incinerator slag shall be determined according to the sampling and sample preparation technical specifications of HJ/T20-1998, and calculated according to the formula listed in 3.7 of this standard, and the average value shall be taken as the judgment value. 10.2.4 The oxygen concentration shall be determined in accordance with the relevant provisions of GB/T16157. 10.3 Monitoring of smoke and flue gas
10.3.1 Sampling methods for smoke and flue gas
10.3.1.1 The sampling points and methods for smoke and flue gas shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB/T16157. 10.3.1.2 The hourly mean value specified in this standard refers to the average value obtained by continuous sampling for 1 hour, or the average value calculated by taking at least 3 samples at equal time intervals within 1 hour.
Note: The measured mean value specified in this standard refers to the average value calculated by taking at least 3 samples at equal time intervals. 10.3.2 Monitoring methods
Monitoring methods for atmospheric pollutants from incinerators are shown in Table 4. Table 4 Monitoring methods for atmospheric pollutants from incinerators
Smoke blackness
Carbon monoxide
Nitrogen oxides
Sulfur dioxide
Hydrogen chloride
Dioxins
Monitoring methods
Gravimetric method
Ringelmann smoke method Www.bzxZ.net
Non- Dispersive infrared absorption method
Ultraviolet spectrophotometry
Formaldehyde absorption
Pararosaniline spectrophotometry
Mercury thiocyanate spectrophotometry
Cold atomic absorption spectrophotometry
Atomic absorption spectrophotometry
Atomic absorption spectrophotometry
Chromatography-mass spectrometry
Method source
GB/T 16157--1996
GB 5468—1991
HJ/T 44—-1999
HJ/T 42—1999
HJ/T 27-—1999
1) The "Air and Waste Gas Monitoring and Analysis Methods" (China Environmental Science Press, Beijing, 1990) shall be temporarily adopted. After the State Environmental Protection Administration releases the corresponding standards, the standards shall be implemented.
2) The "Solid Waste Test Analysis and Evaluation Manual" (China Environmental Science Press, Beijing, 1992) shall be temporarily adopted. After the State Environmental Protection Administration releases the corresponding standards, the standards shall be implemented.
10.4 Solid waste leaching toxicity determination method Solid waste discharged from other tail gas purification devices shall be subjected to leaching test according to GB5086.1~GB5086.2, and leaching toxicity determination method shall be used for determination according to GB/T15555.1~GB/T15555.11. 11 Implementation of the standard
11.1 From the date of implementation of this standard, the emission limits of dioxin pollutants shall be implemented on a trial basis in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen. They shall be implemented nationwide from June 1, 2003.
11.2 The environmental protection administrative departments of the people's governments at or above the county level shall be responsible for supervising the implementation of this standard. 880
2,3,7,8-TCDD
1,2,3,7,8-P,CDD
2.3,7,8-Substituted H.CDD
1,2,3,4,6,7,8-H,CDD
Appendix A
(Standard Appendix)
Toxic Equivalency Factor Table of Dioxin Congeners
2.3,7,8-TCDF
1,2,3.7,8-P,CDF
2,3,4,7,8-P,CDF
2,3,7.8-Substituted H.CDF
2,3,7,8-Substituted H,CDF
Note: PCDDs: Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins dibenzo-p-dioxins); PCDFs: Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (GB 18485—2001)
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