GB 50165-1992 Technical specification for maintenance and reinforcement of wooden structures of ancient buildings
Some standard content:
Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
50165—92
Technical code for maintenance andstrengthening of ancient
timberbuildings
1992—09—29
1993—05—01
State Bureau of Technical Supervision
Ministry of Construction of the People's Republic of China
Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
Jointly Issued
Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Technical code for maintenance andstrengthening of ancient
timberbuildings
1992—09—29
1993—05—01
State Bureau of Technical Supervision
Ministry of Construction of the People's Republic of China
Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
Jointly Issued
Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Technical code for maintenance andstrengthening of ancient
timberstructures
Editor Department: Sichuan Academy of Architectural Science Approval Department: Ministry of Construction of the People's Republic of China Effective Date Date: May 1, 1993
Engineering Construction Standards Full Text Information System
Engineering Construction Standards Full Text Information System
Notice on the Issuance of the National Standard "Technical Specifications for the Maintenance and Reinforcement of Wooden Structures of Ancient Buildings"
Construction Standards [1992] No. 668
To all relevant departments of the State Council, the Construction Committees (Construction Departments) of all provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government, relevant Planning Committees, and the Construction Committees of all independently planned cities:
According to the requirements of the former State Planning Commission's Document No. [1984305], the "Technical Specifications for the Maintenance and Reinforcement of Wooden Structures of Ancient Buildings" jointly formulated by the Sichuan Provincial Construction Committee and relevant departments has been reviewed by relevant departments. The "Technical Specifications for the Maintenance and Reinforcement of Wooden Structures of Ancient Buildings" GB50165-92 is now approved as a mandatory national standard and will be implemented from May 1993.
This standard is managed by the Sichuan Provincial Construction Committee, and its specific interpretation and other work are the responsibility of the Sichuan Provincial Academy of Architectural Science. The publication and distribution is organized by the Standard and Quota Research Institute of the Ministry of Construction.
Ministry of Construction of the People's Republic of China
September 29, 1992
Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
Compilation Statement
This specification is compiled by the Sichuan Provincial Academy of Building Science in conjunction with relevant domestic scientific research, colleges and universities, etc. under the auspices of our Commission in accordance with the notification of the former State Planning Commission's Jizong (1984) No. 305.
During the formulation of this specification, relevant domestic and foreign literature and materials were collected, and many investigations and field measurements and necessary verification tests were carried out. The engineering practice experience and scientific research results were systematically summarized. On the basis of extensively soliciting opinions from relevant units across the country and listening to expert arguments many times, our Commission and relevant departments reviewed and finalized the draft. This specification is divided into eight chapters and three appendices, including general provisions, basic provisions, engineering survey requirements, structural reliability appraisal and earthquake resistance appraisal, protection of ancient buildings, maintenance of this structure, maintenance of related projects, and project acceptance. The implementation of this specification should be used in conjunction with the relevant current national standards.
In the field of ancient building protection, this type of specification is the first to be formulated at home and abroad, and there will definitely be many shortcomings. In order to further improve the level of this specification, please pay attention to summarizing experience and accumulating information during the implementation process, and send questions and opinions to Sichuan Provincial Academy of Building Science (No. 9, Section 3, North of Chengdu First Ring Road, Postal Code 610081) at any time for reference when revising.
Sichuan Provincial Construction Committee
June 1992bzxZ.net
Engineering Construction Standards Full-text Information System
Engineering Construction Standards Full-text Information System
Chapter 1
Chapter 2 Basic Provisions
Chapter 3 Engineering Investigation Requirements
Section 1 General Provisions·
Section 2 Investigation of Load-bearing Wood Structures
Section 3 Investigation of Related Projects
Chapter 4 Structural Reliability Appraisal and Earthquake Resistance Appraisal Section 1 Structural Reliability Appraisal
Section 2
Earthquake Resistance Appraisal
Chapter 5 Protection of Ancient Buildings
Section 1
Anticorrosion and insect prevention of wood
Section 2
Section 3
Section 4
Section 5
Chapter 6
Seismic reinforcement
Maintenance of wood structures
Section 1
Section 2
Section 3
Section 4
Section 5
Section 6
Section 7
Section 8
Section 9
General provisions
Wood and adhesives
Calculation principles
Overall maintenance and reinforcement of wood frames
Wooden columns:
Chemical properties of beams, columns Reinforcement
Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
8000.0000000000
0000000
Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
Chapter VII Maintenance of Related Projects
Section 1
Site, Drainage and Foundation
Section 2
Section 3
Section 4
Section 5
Section 6
Chapter VIII
Small Carpentry
Project Acceptance
Section 1
Section 2
General Provisions.
Acceptance of Timber Frame Projects
Acceptance of related projects·
Section 3
Explanation of terms
Appendix 1
Appendix 2
Approximate calculation of basic natural vibration period of ancient buildings Appendix 3
Explanation of terms used in this code
Additional explanation
Engineering construction standard full text information system
Engineering construction standard full text information system
Chapter 1 General
Article 1.0.1
This code is specially formulated to implement the "Cultural Relics Protection Law of the People's Republic of China", strengthen the scientific protection of ancient building wooden structures (hereinafter referred to as ancient buildings), and ensure that ancient buildings are properly maintained and repaired. Article 1.0.2 This code applies to the inspection, maintenance and reinforcement of ancient building wooden structures and related projects.
Article 1.0.3 In addition to complying with this code, the maintenance and reinforcement of ancient building wooden structures shall also comply with the provisions of the current relevant national standards and specifications. Article 1.0.4 For the long-term protection of ancient buildings, the records, drawings, photos and approval documents of each repair, including the investigation, testing, appraisal, design, construction and acceptance, shall be kept in archives by the competent cultural relics department. Article 1.0.5 The design and construction units engaged in the repair of ancient buildings shall be qualified by professional technical review, and the tasks they undertake shall be approved by the competent cultural relics department. Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
Chapter II Basic Provisions
Article 2.0.1 The maintenance and reinforcement of ancient buildings must comply with the principle of not changing the original state of cultural relics. The original state refers to the current status of all historically significant remains in individual or group ancient buildings. If it is necessary to restore the original state at the time of creation or to the original state of a certain historical period, it must be based on needs and possibilities, and have reliable historical research and sufficient technical demonstration.
Article 2.0.2 When repairing ancient buildings, the following contents should be preserved: 1. The original architectural form, including the original architectural layout, shape, French features and artistic style; 2. The original architectural structure; 3. The original building materials; 4. The original craftsmanship.
Article 2.0.Article 3 The maintenance and reinforcement projects of ancient buildings can be divided into five categories according to the following provisions:
1. Regular maintenance projects refer to regular maintenance and repair without changing the existing structure, appearance, decoration and color of cultural relics. For example: weeding and plastering the roof, partially removing tiles to repair leaks, simple support for beams, columns, walls, etc., dredging drainage facilities, inspecting and repairing moisture-proof, anti-corrosion, insect-proof measures and fire and lightning protection devices. 2. Key maintenance projects refer to large-scale maintenance projects mainly focusing on structural reinforcement. The requirement is to preserve the current status of cultural relics or partially restore them to their original state. This type of project includes removing tiles and roofs, beating and straightening, partial or complete dismantling of frames for overhaul or replacement of components. 3. Partial restoration projects refer to restoring the damaged structure to its original state, and at the same time correcting the parts that have damaged the original state and unreasonable additions or removals during the repairs of previous dynasties. For partial restoration projects, reliable research data should be used as a basis. 4. Relocation and reconstruction projects refer to the need to demolish all ancient buildings to a new site for various reasons, rebuild the foundation, and use raw materials and original components to build them as they were. Engineering Construction Standards Full Text Information System
Engineering Construction Standards Full Text Information System
5. Emergency projects refer to temporary reinforcement measures taken when ancient buildings are in serious danger and cannot be repaired thoroughly in time due to technical, economic and material conditions. For emergency projects, in addition to ensuring the safety of buildings and controlling the continued development of damaged points, it should also be ensured that the measures taken do not hinder future thorough repairs. Article 2.0.4 When the use of modern materials and modern technologies can better preserve ancient buildings, they can be used in the maintenance and reinforcement projects of ancient buildings, but the following regulations should be observed:
, only used for the repair and reinforcement of the original structure or original materials, and modern materials shall not be used to replace the original materials.
2. First try it out in a small area, and then gradually expand its scope of application. When applying, in addition to reliable scientific basis and complete technical data, there should also be necessary operating procedures and quality inspection standards.
Article 2.0.5 The management and user units of ancient buildings must fully protect the ancient buildings and must not demolish, expand or renovate them without authorization. When repairs are required, they should be reported to the cultural relics authorities for approval.
Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
Chapter III
Engineering Investigation Requirements
Section I General Provisions
Article 3.1.1 In order to do a good job in the protection of ancient buildings, the following basic information should be mastered:
1. Historical data on earthquakes, lightning strikes, floods, wind disasters, etc. in the area where the ancient buildings are located; 2. Basic earthquake intensity and site category of the community where the ancient buildings are located; 3. Distribution of fire hazards and firefighting conditions in the ancient building protection area; 4. Environmental pollution sources in the area where the ancient buildings are located, such as water pollution, harmful gas pollution, radioactive element pollution, etc.;
5. Relevant information on other harmful factors in the ancient building protection area. Article 3.1.2 If there is a special need, the following information should be further mastered: 1. Regional geological and structural background of the location of the ancient buildings; 2. Engineering geological and hydrogeological data of the ancient building site; 3. Recent meteorological data of the community where the ancient buildings are located; 4. Underground resource exploitation in the ancient building protection area. Article 3.1.3 Before repairing ancient buildings, their current status shall be carefully investigated.
The investigation of ancient buildings can be divided into two categories: French investigation and damage investigation. French investigation shall investigate the age characteristics, structural characteristics and construction characteristics of the building. Damage investigation shall investigate the damage, degree of incompleteness and causes of the building's load-bearing structure and related projects. The relevant provisions of this code are only applicable to damage investigation, and French investigation shall be carried out in accordance with special regulations. Article 3.1.4 The investigation of ancient buildings shall comply with the following provisions: 1. The instruments used for investigation shall meet the specified requirements. For objects that are to be observed for a long time, solid and permanent observation benchmarks should be set up; Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
2. It is prohibited to use any exploration and observation methods that may damage ancient buildings and their affiliated cultural relics, such as sudden temperature changes, strong light exposure, strong vibration, etc.; 3. In addition to the exploration report, the exploration results should be accompanied by a full set of surveying and mapping drawings, photos and necessary textual explanatory materials of the damage and dimensions of the building; 4. During the exploration process, if any dangerous situation, inscriptions or cultural relics are found, the scene should be protected immediately and reported to the competent department in a timely manner. The exploration personnel shall not handle them without authorization. Section 2 Investigation of load-bearing wood structures
Article 3.2.1 Investigation of load-bearing wood structures shall include the following contents: 1. Dimensions of structures, components and their connections; 2. Overall displacement and support of the structure; 3. Material condition of the wood;
4. Stress and deformation state of load-bearing components; 5. Working state of main nodes and connections; 6. Existing contents of repair and reinforcement measures of previous generations and their current working state. When it is necessary to assess the reliability of the structure, the investigation of the load-bearing structure shall also be carried out in accordance with the items and contents of the inspection of damaged points in Articles 4.1.5 to 4.1.15 of this Code. Article 3.2.2 The investigation of the overall displacement and support conditions of the load-bearing structure shall include the following contents:
1. Calculate the load of the building and its distribution; 2. Check the foundation conditions of the building; 3. Observe the overall settlement or uneven settlement of the building and analyze the causes;
4. Measure the inclination, displacement, torsion and support conditions of the load-bearing structure; 5. Check the structure and damage of the support and other systems that bear horizontal loads. Article 3.2.3 The investigation of the material status of load-bearing structural timber shall include the following contents:
1. Measure the location, scope and degree of wood decay, insect infestation and deterioration; 2. Measure the location and size of wood knots, diagonal grains and shrinkage cracks that affect the stress of components;
Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
3. When major wooden components need to be repaired or replaced, their tree species should be identified; 4. The strength or elastic modulus of the wood should be measured for the following situations: 1. Reinforcement verification is required, but the tree species is relatively special; 2. There is excessive deformation or local damage, but the cause is unknown; 3. It is planned to continue to use the components remaining after the fire; 4. The influence of wood aging and deterioration needs to be studied. Article 3.2.4
The investigation of the stress state of load-bearing components shall include the following contents:
1. Bending components
1. Span or cantilever length of beams and rafters, cross-sectional shape and size, stress mode and support conditions;
2. Deflection and lateral deformation (torsion flash) of beams and rafters; 3. Deflection and lateral deformation of rails, rails and fences (flints); 4. Rolling of standard bars;
5. Sagging of beam heads and warping of beam tails of cantilever structures; 6. Breakage, splitting of components or stress wrinkles and cracks along the cross-sectional height; 7. The scope and degree of local collapse of roof and floor slabs. 3. Compression members
1. Column height, cross-sectional shape and size, and the fixation of both ends of the column; 2. Bending, breaking or splitting of the column body; 3. Displacement of the column head;
4. Misalignment between the column foot and the column base;
5. Subsidence of the column foot.
3. Bucket
1. The structure and size of the bucket components and their connections; 2. Deformation and misalignment of the entire bucket;
3. Damage to the components and their connections in the bucket. Article 3.2.5 The investigation of the working conditions of the main connection parts shall include the following contents:
1. Beam and rafter samples, sample head breakage or mortise splitting; Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information SystemArticle 1 In order to do a good job in the protection of ancient buildings, the following basic information should be mastered:
1. Historical data on earthquakes, lightning strikes, floods, wind disasters, etc. in the area where the ancient buildings are located; 2. The basic earthquake intensity and site category of the community where the ancient buildings are located; 3. The distribution of fire hazards and fire-fighting conditions in the ancient building protection area; 4. Environmental pollution sources in the area where the ancient buildings are located, such as water pollution, harmful gas pollution, radioactive element pollution, etc.;
5. Relevant information on other harmful factors in the ancient building protection area. Article 3.1.2 If there is a special need, the following information should be further mastered: 1. The regional geological structure background of the location of the ancient buildings; 2. The engineering geology and hydrogeology data of the ancient building site; 3. The recent meteorological data of the community where the ancient buildings are located; 4. The underground resource exploitation situation in the ancient building protection area. Article 3.1.3 Before repairing the ancient buildings, their current status should be carefully surveyed.
The survey of ancient buildings can be divided into two categories: French survey and damage survey. French surveys should investigate the age, structural and construction characteristics of the building. Damage surveys should investigate the damage, degree of incompleteness and causes of the building's load-bearing structure and related engineering. The relevant provisions of this specification are only applicable to damage surveys, and French surveys should be conducted in accordance with special regulations. Article 3.1.4 The survey of ancient buildings shall comply with the following provisions: 1. The instruments used for the survey shall meet the specified requirements. For objects that are to be observed for a long time, solid and permanent observation benchmarks should be set up; Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
2. It is prohibited to use any exploration and observation methods that may damage ancient buildings and their affiliated cultural relics, such as sudden temperature changes, strong light exposure, strong vibration, etc.; 3. In addition to the exploration report, the exploration results should be accompanied by a full set of surveying and mapping drawings, photos and necessary textual explanatory materials of the damage and dimensions of the building; 4. During the exploration process, if any dangerous situation, inscriptions or cultural relics are found, the scene should be protected immediately and reported to the competent department in a timely manner. The exploration personnel shall not handle them without authorization. Section 2 Investigation of load-bearing wood structures
Article 3.2.1 Investigation of load-bearing wood structures shall include the following contents: 1. Dimensions of structures, components and their connections; 2. Overall displacement and support of the structure; 3. Material condition of the wood;
4. Stress and deformation state of load-bearing components; 5. Working state of main nodes and connections; 6. Existing contents of repair and reinforcement measures of previous generations and their current working state. When it is necessary to assess the reliability of the structure, the investigation of the load-bearing structure shall also be carried out in accordance with the items and contents of the inspection of damaged points in Articles 4.1.5 to 4.1.15 of this Code. Article 3.2.2 The investigation of the overall displacement and support conditions of the load-bearing structure shall include the following contents:
1. Calculate the load of the building and its distribution; 2. Check the foundation conditions of the building; 3. Observe the overall settlement or uneven settlement of the building and analyze the causes;
4. Measure the inclination, displacement, torsion and support conditions of the load-bearing structure; 5. Check the structure and damage of the support and other systems that bear horizontal loads. Article 3.2.3 The investigation of the material status of load-bearing structural timber shall include the following contents:
1. Measure the location, scope and degree of wood decay, insect infestation and deterioration; 2. Measure the location and size of wood knots, diagonal grains and shrinkage cracks that affect the stress of components;
Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
3. When major wooden components need to be repaired or replaced, their tree species should be identified; 4. The strength or elastic modulus of the wood should be measured for the following situations: 1. Reinforcement verification is required, but the tree species is relatively special; 2. There is excessive deformation or local damage, but the cause is unknown; 3. It is planned to continue to use the components remaining after the fire; 4. The influence of wood aging and deterioration needs to be studied. Article 3.2.4
The investigation of the stress state of load-bearing components shall include the following contents:
1. Bending components
1. Span or cantilever length of beams and rafters, cross-sectional shape and size, stress mode and support conditions;
2. Deflection and lateral deformation (torsion flash) of beams and rafters; 3. Deflection and lateral deformation of rails, rails and fences (flints); 4. Rolling of standard bars;
5. Sagging of beam heads and warping of beam tails of cantilever structures; 6. Breakage, splitting of components or stress wrinkles and cracks along the cross-sectional height; 7. The scope and degree of local collapse of roof and floor slabs. 3. Compression members
1. Column height, cross-sectional shape and size, and the fixation of both ends of the column; 2. Bending, breaking or splitting of the column body; 3. Displacement of the column head;
4. Misalignment between the column foot and the column base;
5. Subsidence of the column foot.
3. Bucket
1. The structure and size of the bucket components and their connections; 2. Deformation and misalignment of the entire bucket;
3. Damage to the components and their connections in the bucket. Article 3.2.5 The investigation of the working conditions of the main connection parts shall include the following contents:
1. Beam and rafter samples, sample head breakage or mortise splitting; Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information SystemArticle 1 In order to do a good job in the protection of ancient buildings, the following basic information should be mastered:
1. Historical data on earthquakes, lightning strikes, floods, wind disasters, etc. in the area where the ancient buildings are located; 2. The basic earthquake intensity and site category of the community where the ancient buildings are located; 3. The distribution of fire hazards and fire-fighting conditions in the ancient building protection area; 4. Environmental pollution sources in the area where the ancient buildings are located, such as water pollution, harmful gas pollution, radioactive element pollution, etc.;
5. Relevant information on other harmful factors in the ancient building protection area. Article 3.1.2 If there is a special need, the following information should be further mastered: 1. The regional geological structure background of the location of the ancient buildings; 2. The engineering geology and hydrogeology data of the ancient building site; 3. The recent meteorological data of the community where the ancient buildings are located; 4. The underground resource exploitation situation in the ancient building protection area. Article 3.1.3 Before repairing the ancient buildings, their current status should be carefully surveyed.
The survey of ancient buildings can be divided into two categories: French survey and damage survey. French surveys should investigate the age, structural and construction characteristics of the building. Damage surveys should investigate the damage, degree of incompleteness and causes of the building's load-bearing structure and related engineering. The relevant provisions of this specification are only applicable to damage surveys, and French surveys should be conducted in accordance with special regulations. Article 3.1.4 The survey of ancient buildings shall comply with the following provisions: 1. The instruments used for the survey shall meet the specified requirements. For objects that are to be observed for a long time, solid and permanent observation benchmarks should be set up; Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
2. It is prohibited to use any exploration and observation methods that may damage ancient buildings and their affiliated cultural relics, such as sudden temperature changes, strong light exposure, strong vibration, etc.; 3. In addition to the exploration report, the exploration results should be accompanied by a full set of surveying and mapping drawings, photos and necessary textual explanatory materials of the damage and dimensions of the building; 4. During the exploration process, if any dangerous situation, inscriptions or cultural relics are found, the scene should be protected immediately and reported to the competent department in a timely manner. The exploration personnel shall not handle them without authorization. Section 2 Investigation of load-bearing wood structures
Article 3.2.1 Investigation of load-bearing wood structures shall include the following contents: 1. Dimensions of structures, components and their connections; 2. Overall displacement and support of the structure; 3. Material condition of the wood;
4. Stress and deformation state of load-bearing components; 5. Working state of main nodes and connections; 6. Existing contents of repair and reinforcement measures of previous generations and their current working state. When it is necessary to assess the reliability of the structure, the investigation of the load-bearing structure shall also be carried out in accordance with the items and contents of the inspection of damaged points in Articles 4.1.5 to 4.1.15 of this Code. Article 3.2.2 The investigation of the overall displacement and support conditions of the load-bearing structure shall include the following contents:
1. Calculate the load of the building and its distribution; 2. Check the foundation conditions of the building; 3. Observe the overall settlement or uneven settlement of the building and analyze the causes;
4. Measure the inclination, displacement, torsion and support conditions of the load-bearing structure; 5. Check the structure and damage of the support and other systems that bear horizontal loads. Article 3.2.3 The investigation of the material status of load-bearing structural timber shall include the following contents:
1. Measure the location, scope and degree of wood decay, insect infestation and deterioration; 2. Measure the location and size of wood knots, diagonal grains and shrinkage cracks that affect the stress of components;
Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
3. When major wooden components need to be repaired or replaced, their tree species should be identified; 4. The strength or elastic modulus of the wood should be measured for the following situations: 1. Reinforcement verification is required, but the tree species is relatively special; 2. There is excessive deformation or local damage, but the cause is unknown; 3. It is planned to continue to use the components remaining after the fire; 4. The influence of wood aging and deterioration needs to be studied. Article 3.2.4
The investigation of the stress state of load-bearing components shall include the following contents:
1. Bending components
1. Span or cantilever length of beams and rafters, cross-sectional shape and size, stress mode and support conditions;
2. Deflection and lateral deformation (torsion flash) of beams and rafters; 3. Deflection and lateral deformation of rails, rails and fences (flints); 4. Rolling of standard bars;
5. Sagging of beam heads and warping of beam tails of cantilever structures; 6. Breakage, splitting of components or stress wrinkles and cracks along the cross-sectional height; 7. The scope and degree of local collapse of roof and floor slabs. 3. Compression members
1. Column height, cross-sectional shape and size, and the fixation of both ends of the column; 2. Bending, breaking or splitting of the column body; 3. Displacement of the column head;
4. Misalignment between the column foot and the column base;
5. Subsidence of the column foot.
3. Bucket
1. The structure and size of the bucket components and their connections; 2. Deformation and misalignment of the entire bucket;
3. Damage to the components and their connections in the bucket. Article 3.2.5 The investigation of the working conditions of the main connection parts shall include the following contents:
1. Beam and rafter samples, sample head breakage or mortise splitting; Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information SystemComponents are broken, split, or stress wrinkles and cracks appear along the cross-sectional height; 7. The scope and degree of local collapse of the roof and floor. III. Compression components
1. Column height, cross-sectional shape and size, and the fixation of both ends of the column; 2. Bending, breaking or splitting of the column body; 3. Displacement of the column head;
4. Misalignment of the column foot and the column base;
5. Subsidence of the column foot.
III. Bucket
1. The structure and size of the bucket components and their connections; 2. Deformation and misalignment of the entire bucket;
3. Damage to the components and their connections in the bucket. Article 3.2.5 The investigation of the working conditions of the main connection parts shall include the following contents:
1. Beam and rafter samples, sample head breakage or mortise splitting; Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information SystemComponents are broken, split, or stress wrinkles and cracks appear along the cross-sectional height; 7. The scope and degree of local collapse of the roof and floor. III. Compression components
1. Column height, cross-sectional shape and size, and the fixation of both ends of the column; 2. Bending, breaking or splitting of the column body; 3. Displacement of the column head;
4. Misalignment of the column foot and the column base;
5. Subsidence of the column foot.
III. Bucket
1. The structure and size of the bucket components and their connections; 2. Deformation and misalignment of the entire bucket;
3. Damage to the components and their connections in the bucket. Article 3.2.5 The investigation of the working conditions of the main connection parts shall include the following contents:
1. Beam and rafter samples, sample head breakage or mortise splitting; Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
Tip: This standard content only shows part of the intercepted content of the complete standard. If you need the complete standard, please go to the top to download the complete standard document for free.