Some standard content:
ICIS01.140.30
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T18106—2021
Replaces GB/T18105—2004
Classification of retail formats
Classification of retail formatsPublished on 2021-03-09
State Administration for Market Regulation
National Administration of Standardization
Implemented on 2021-10-01
GB/T 18106—2021
Terms and definitions
Principles for classification of retail formats
Classification of retail formats
Appendix A (informative appendix)
References
Basic characteristics of each retail format
This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1,12009. GB/T 18106—2021
This standard replaces GB/T 18105—2004 "Classification of retail formats". Compared with GB/T18106-2C04, this standard has the following major technical changes, in addition to editorial revisions:
The "grocery store" format has been cancelled;
The three independent formats of "human supermarket", "home building materials store" and "factory direct sales center" in the store retail classification have been cancelled, and "human supermarket" has been merged into the supermarket format; "home building materials store" has been merged into the specialty store format; "factory direct sales center" has been merged into the shopping center format and renamed as "outlet-type shopping center"; the classification of profit stores has been refined;
The format of small business area and fresh food business has been divided into two categories: The area has been simplified to classify the market formats; the shopping center formats have been refined; the collection store formats have been added; the unmanned store formats have been added; the mobile goods group retail formats have been added in the non-store retail; the original "online store" has been changed to "network retail"; the original "TV shopping" has been changed to "TV broadcast retail": the original "mobile kiosk" has been changed to "unmanned vending equipment retail". This standard is proposed by the Ministry of Commerce of the People's Republic of China. This standard is sponsored by the National Chain Operation Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC439). The standard starts from: China Chain Store Association, Rainbow Department Store Co., Ltd., Wal-Mart (China) Investment Co., Ltd., Yonghui Superstores Co., Ltd., Alibaba Research Institute, Zase Network Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Suning.com Group Co., Ltd., Shanghai Lianhua Kuaikeshili Co., Ltd., Beijing Supermarket Development Chain Co., Ltd., Wanda Shangye Management Group Co., Ltd., Beijing Jingdong Century Trading Co., Ltd., Dole (Shanghai) Fruit and Vegetable Trading Co., Ltd. The main drafters of this standard are: Er Hong, Zhao Tao, Chu Dong, Gan Hongjie, Jiang Xing, Lai Yang, Lv Zhibin, Jia Yaling, Sun Wenbo, Yang Aiguo, Zhao Meng, Gong Zhibin, Duan Shiguang.
The previous versions of the standards replaced by this standard are GB/T18106-2000 and GB/T18166-2004. 1 Scope
Classification of retail formats
This standard specifies the classification principles and classification of retail formats. This standard applies to entities that mainly engage in retail operations and operations within the territory of the People's Republic of China. 2 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document
retailing
GB/T 18106—2021
Sales activities mainly to final consumers (such as residents, etc.), the sale of means of production is not considered as retail activities. Note: Rewrite GB/T17512017.F52 Note 2.2
Retail formats
retailformats
Different business forms formed by the combination of corresponding elements by commodity retail operators to meet different consumer needs 2.3
Food
Material that can be eaten or drunk by humans: including added food, semi-finished products and unadded food, excluding tobacco or substances used only as medicines.
GB/T15091-1994, definition 2.1
Single product stockkeeping unit; SKU
The smallest classification unit of a commodity.
_GB/T104652008. Definition 8.1.1
Non-food products
Non-food products
Daily consumer goods other than food, beverages and tobacco products in retail stores. 2.6
E-commerce platform
E-commerce platform
In the online commodity trading activities, it provides web space, virtual business venues, trading rules, trading reports, information release and other services for both or more parties to the transaction, so that both or more parties can independently carry out trading activities. Information network system 3 Principles of retail formats classification
3.1 According to whether there is a fixed business location, retail formats can be divided into two categories: store-based retail and non-store-based retail. 3.2 Store-based retail can be divided into 10 retail formats, including profit stores, supermarkets, discount stores, warehouse membership stores, warehouse stores, shopping centers, specialty stores, brand stores, collection stores, and unmanned stores, based on the characteristics of the store, its business model, product structure, service functions, and single or multiple factors such as location, business, scale, store facilities, and target customers. For the classification and basic characteristics of store-based retail formats, see Table A.1 in Appendix A of GB/T 18106-2021.
3.3 Non-store-based retail is divided into 7 retail formats, including online retail, TV/radio retail, postal retail, unmanned vending equipment retail, direct sales, telephone retail, and mobile stall retail. For the classification and basic characteristics of non-store retail formats, please refer to Table A.2. 4 Classification of retail formats
4.1 Store-based retail (store-based retailing) is a retail activity that has a relatively fixed place and facilities for display, exhibition and sale of goods, and consumers' purchasing behavior is mainly completed in this place.
4.1.1 Convenience store (convenience store) is a small-scale comprehensive retail format that mainly sells ready-to-eat goods and meets customers' convenience needs such as instant and service.
Community-based convenience stores
are located around communities, and their main customer groups are people living in the community. 4.1.1.2 Customer flow-supported convenience stores
are located in public transportation hubs and areas with relatively dense traffic such as origins, commercial centers, hospitals, nightclubs, and parks, and their customers are mainly office workers, travelers and specific groups. 4.1.1.3 Business-type convenience stores
Located in areas with concentrated office buildings and in the surrounding areas: the customer group is mainly office workers 4.1.1.4 Gas station-type convenience stores
Relying on gas stations, the customer group is mainly drivers and passengers. 4.1.2 Supermarkets
A retail format that mainly sells food and daily necessities to meet the daily needs of consumers. Usually, it adopts open-shelf sales, and can also adopt online sales at the same time. The store can provide on-site food processing services and on-site dining services. 4.1.2.1 According to the business area, supermarkets can be divided into: a) Large supermarkets
The business area is large or equal to 600 square meters, with a rich variety of goods, meeting one-stop shopping b) Medium-sized supermarkets
The business area is between 2000m2 and 5909m2, with a wide variety of goods, meeting the needs of daily life. () Small supermarkets
The business area is between 200m2 and 1999m2, with a wide variety of food products, meeting the necessities of daily life 4.1.2.2 According to the proportion of fresh food business area, supermarkets can be divided into: a) Fresh food supermarket
Fresh food business area accounts for one-third of the total business area, and is a retail format that meets the daily necessities of consumers. The number of effective single items of fresh food usually accounts for 30% or more of the total number of single items. b) Comprehensive supermarket
GB/T18106—2021
A supermarket with a full range of products to meet the needs of customers to buy all their daily necessities at one time. The number of non-food items accounts for a high proportion. Note: According to the degree of processing, storage and sales methods, fresh food includes three categories: primary fresh food, frozen and refrigerated food and on-site processed food. 1) Primary fresh food: fresh vegetables, fruits, nuts, meat and its products, aquatic products, grains, etc., which are sold at frozen, cold or room temperature after primary processing; 2) Frozen and cold-cut food Frozen food refers to food that uses agricultural, fish and aquatic products as raw materials, is processed and conditioned, and is rapidly refrigerated and stored at less than 8 and sold; Refrigerated food refers to food that uses agricultural, fish and aquatic products as raw materials, is processed and conditioned, and is rapidly refrigerated and stored at less than 4 and sold. 3) On-site processed food: Food is cut and cut in the business premises of commodity retailers.Food that can be eaten directly after sieving, cooking (or steaming, baking, frying, grating, etc.) or food that consumers do not need to wash and process directly after purchase, including various cooked foods, bread, snacks, cold cases, cold dishes, cut fruits, finished products, etc.
4.1.3 Discount store
A small supermarket format with simple store decoration, limited services and low commodity prices. It usually has less than 200 items, and the number of private label products is higher than that of ordinary supermarkets. 4.1.4 Warehouse membership store (warnchnusecluh) takes members as target customers, implements storage and sales, wholesale and retail, and is characterized by providing basic services, preferential prices and packaged goods:
4.1.5 Department store (departmentstore) is a retail format that mainly operates branded clothing and accessories, cosmetics, household goods, luggage, shoes, jewelry, watches, etc., and operates in a unified manner to meet customers' diverse needs for quality goods.
4.1.6 Shopping center (shopping center; shopping mall is a commercial complex that is operated in a relatively fixed building space or area according to a unified plan and consists of different types of retail, catering, leisure and entertainment and other service shops. 4.1.6.1 Urban shopping center
To meet the customers' high-end and fashion shopping needs. Support catering, leisure and entertainment, business and social services. Located in the core business district or central business district of the city, the radiation card can cover even beyond the city. 4.1.6.2 Regional shopping center
To meet the one-stop consumption needs of customers with different income levels, with complete shopping, catering, leisure and service functions, and a rich variety of products and services. Located in Commercial centers or community gathering areas in new urban areas or urban-rural junctions, close to main traffic roads or urban traffic nodes, with a radius of more than 5km.
4.1.6.3 Community shopping centers
Mainly to meet the daily needs of surrounding residents, equipped with necessary beverage and leisure and entertainment facilities. Located in the center or periphery of residential areas, with convenient transportation.
4.1.6.4 Outlet shopping centers
Mainly retail stores opened by brand manufacturers or distributors, featuring the sale of discounted goods. Located next to main traffic roads far from the city center, or near tourist attractions, 3
GB/T18106—2021
4.1.7 Specialty stores (spccializcd 4.1.8 Brand exclusive shop: a retail format that operates or is authorized to operate a certain brand of goods. 4.1.9 Collection shop: a retail format that brings together multiple brands and multiple series of goods, including clothing, shoes, bags, stationery, electronic products, food and other categories. 4.1.10 Unmanned store: a retail format that operates or is authorized to operate a certain brand of goods. 4.2 Non-store selling Retail activities that deliver self-operated or cooperatively operated goods to consumers through logistics distribution, self-pickup by consumers, or face-to-face sales through the Internet, TV/broadcasting, mail, unmanned vending equipment, mobile vending trucks, or direct sales. 4.2.1 Online retail Activities that conduct retail sales through e-commerce platforms, Internet of Things devices, etc. According to different business models, online retail can be divided into online self-operated retail and online platform retail.
4.2.1.1 Online self-operated retail
Retail activities in which operators use their own network platforms or third-party e-commerce platforms to independently operate and sell goods. 4.2.1.2 Online platform retail
E-commerce platforms provide commodity operators with web space, virtual business premises and other related services to help them complete commodity transactions.
4.2.2 Television/radio retail (television/hroardcast shopping) is a retail format that uses television and radio as a channel for product display and promotion, provides promotional content such as usage effects and methods, and receives orders. 4.2.3 Mail retail (mailordcr)
is a retail format that mainly uses product catalogs to display and promote products to consumers, and delivers products to consumers through mail and other means.
4.2.4 Unmanned equipment retail (unmanned equipment retail) is a retail format that sells products through vending equipment, smart cabinets or cargo beams with payment codes. 4.2.5 Direct selling
A retail format in which direct sellers recruited by direct selling enterprises sell products directly to the general public outside fixed business premises 4.2.6
Telephone retail
A retail format in which sales are completed over the phone
4.2.7 Mobile stall retail GB/T18106—2021
A retail format in which daily consumer goods such as food, beverages, clothing, shoes and hats are sold through mobile sales trucks or other display and exhibition tools 5
GB/T 18106—2021
Appendix A
(Informative Appendix)
Basic characteristics of various retail formats
A.1 Classification and basic characteristics of retail formats with stores are shown in Table A.1.A.2 Classification and basic characteristics of retail formats without stores are shown in Table A.2.Table A.1 Classification and basic characteristics of retail formats with storesRoom
Profit store
Customer flow distribution
Convenience store
cunveniene
Convenience store
Business type
Convenience store
Gas station type
Convenience store
Location in the community
Located at railway stations,
bus stops, piers, subway stations, etc.
Public transportation hubs
New York , commercial centers and other areas with dense traffic. Located in areas with concentrated office buildings, gas stations, business maps and target customers. The summer quality customers are often in large areas with stable traffic. The customer groups are mainly office workers and tourists. The customer base is mainly business people with higher income. The customer group is mainly drivers and passengers. Basic characteristics: Product (commercial) structure is mainly daily necessities, beverages, fried wine, etc. The store area is generally around E0 m -- 198 m*,
The number of shelf groups is between 15 and
The store area is generally between
50 m2 -- 120 m2**
Shelf dimension is between 1E and
The store area is generally between
20 m2 and 50 m2. The number of shelf groups is between 0 and 20 groups; if
intelligent and simple facilities are installed, the store area is generally between
10 m2 and 120 m2. The number of shelves varies.
Emergency products are mainly
and some fresh products. Due to the different levels of communities, the business structure is different. Beverages, cigarettes, instant foods, snack foods, newspapers and magazines are the main products. Stores located in tourist attractions sell tourist souvenirs, fresh lunch boxes, instant food products, and fresh beverages. The main products are fruits, energy-saving soft materials, honey candy, and fashionable small items. The main products are food, beverages, cigarettes, emergency products, and car maintenance products. The service hours are usually above 16 o'clock, and online ordering and a variety of convenient services can be provided. bzxZ.net
Some convenience stores provide door-to-door delivery or free pick-up services. They mainly provide ready-to-eat food services (morning alarm, boxed meals), mobile phone charging, ATM withdrawals, Internet access, etc.
They mainly provide ready-to-eat food for breakfast, lunch and dinner, as well as Xinchuan card repayments and Internet access. There are financial services such as online ordering services, ATM withdrawals, and car-related services such as car washing. Classification by business area: city and district commercial centers or urban-rural junctions, intersections and large residential areas. City and district commercial center residential areas. City and district commercial center residential areas. Table A.1 ( (Continued) The new radiation radius of commercial and domestic target customers is more than 2km. Domestic target customers are mainly residents and mobile customers. The radiation radius is about 2km. The target customers in the commercial area and the community are convenient consumers with a radiation diameter of about 1km. The community members are the main consumers. According to the proportion of fresh food business, the community surrounding and large discount stores are classified. stere
type shopping center
supporting business formats
city, district commercial center residential area
residential area, transportation
main roads, etc. with relatively cheap rent
radiation radius of about 2km
, mainly focusing on daily customers in the commercial area and surrounding
residents
radiation radius of about 5km
mainly focusing on daily customers in the wide business area and surrounding
radiation radius of about 2km
, daily customers
mainly residents in the inner
basic characteristics
600 and above
2 000 m--5999
203 m--1 999 m
is generally between 200~
60 m
is between 2000 m
and 10000 m
. The business area is generally between
300 m.~5c0 m
GB/T18106—2021
Service function
Commodity (business) structure
All kinds of daily necessities,
packaged food and
fresh food, complete
purchase, focus on
brand development
Daily necessities,
packaged food and
fresh food. Number of items
Small Ding Daping Supermarket
Packaged food and
fresh food are the main products, providing
necessary
fresh food and
packaged
food for daily life, and configuring
necessary
non-food products, with a total business variety
between 57,000 and 15,000
non-food categories There are many single products with complete varieties, ranging from 15,000 to 30,000, which can meet customers' daily life needs. The average price of the products is lower than the average market level. Baiyou has a large parking lot in the business section that is not less than 40% of the business area. The business hours are 12h or more and online ordering service is available. The business hours are 12# or more and online ordering can be provided. Usually convenient services are provided.
Online ordering can be provided
Business hours are 12
or more, and simple processing and service of fresh food can be provided.
Online delivery service can be provided
Business hours are 125
or more, and online ordering can be provided
Labor is streamlined, limited service is provided, and some can provide advanced delivery service
GB/T 18106—2021
Warehouse membership store
warehouse elub
drpar-irent store.
urban
storage center
regional
shopping center
shopping
eenler
shopsing
community
traffic artery at the junction of town and city
urban-level commercial
center, historically formed commercial
city's core
business or center
|tt||Business district, block
long-term or closed
building structure
located in the commercial center or
community gathering area of the new urban area
or the urban-rural junction
,
close to the main traffic artery
road or urban transportation
point,
located in the center
or surrounding
residential area with closed
independent building body
, convenient transportation
and shopping center
. Mainly closed independent buildings, located beside main transportation roads with convenient transportation or far away from city center outlet shopping malls; or open buildings not built near tourist attractions, with street type or Danyue type. Table A.1 (continued) The radiation radius of the commercial map and target customers is more than km, and the target customers are mainly small and medium-sized retail stores.
Group shopping of restaurants and mobile customers
For customers who pursue fashion and quality
, the shopping park can pre-build infrastructure
and even go beyond the local area
city to meet customers' shopping
, catering business,
socializing, leisure and entertainment
and other needs
The radiation radius is about
5km or more.A one-stop consumer market that meets the needs of different income groups. The radiation radius is within 3km, and the living needs of the surrounding residents are mainly met. The city where the customer is located or the surrounding urban agglomeration: Japanese standard quality customers are brand expansionists. Basic characteristics: The business area is generally more than 50% m*. The business area is generally 1G c00 r+ -- (03) tm. The building area excluding parking lots is often more than 50000m2. The building area excluding parking lots is usually more than 50 000m2. m or more, excluding parking lots and flashing buildings. The area is usually 1000m
50000m
excluding parking lots. The area of buildings is about
more than 50000m
. The commodity (business) structure is mainly popular clothing and food supplies, and white
proprietary brands account for a considerable part. The variety of commodities is usually around
10000
12000. Low price and bulk are implemented. The variety of commodities is complete, mainly clothing, textiles,|| tt||Luggage, cosmetics, household goods, household appliances are the main ones.
Shopping, dining, leisure and service functions are complete and fashionable, with prominent features of leisure, business and social interaction.
Shopping, dining, leisure and service functions are complete, and the products and services provided are rich in variety.
Focusing on family life, leisure and entertainment, it is equipped with necessary dining and leisure and entertainment facilities, service functions|| tt||It is mainly retail stores opened by brand manufacturers or dealers, featuring discounted goods. Service functions: Set up parking lots of considerable operating area. Some can provide online ordering services. Gradually add catering, entertainment, sports and other services and facilities. Provide parking spaces, shopping consultation, personalized rest areas, mobile phone charging and free wireless Internet access. ||Internet access, ATM withdrawals, etc.
Additional parking spaces are provided. Shopping guide services are also provided. Personalized rest areas, on-device charging, free wireless Internet access, free sewing kits, ATM withdrawals, etc. are provided. Parking spaces are provided. Usually, rest areas, on-device charging, free wireless Internet access, free sewing kits, ATM withdrawals, etc. are provided. Parking spaces are provided.
Tip: This standard content only shows part of the intercepted content of the complete standard. If you need the complete standard, please go to the top to download the complete standard document for free.